Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The preparation method of the golden flower Pu 'er raw tea and the golden flower Pu' er raw tea of the embodiment of the invention are specifically explained below.
The preparation method of the golden flower Pu' er raw tea comprises the following steps: preparing a flowering strain, preparing a flowering raw material, pretreating and flowering.
In detail, the flower growing strain in the embodiment includes camellia nitidissima Fuzhuan tea, that is, the Fuzhuan tea containing eurotium cristatum is directly selected as the flower growing strain in the invention, and the Fuzhuan tea containing the eurotium cristatum can be used as the strain for growing the flower without separating and purifying the eurotium cristatum, so that the preparation process for preparing the camellia nitidissima can be simplified on one hand, and the eurotium cristatum attached to the Fuzhuan tea and not interfered by the separation process and the like has high activity, can relatively quickly enter the flower growing process, promotes the rapid growth of the flower and promotes the quality formation of the camellia nitidissima on the other hand.
Furthermore, the golden flower Fuzhuan tea used as the flower growing strain is powdery, and the golden flower Fuzhuan tea powder used as the flower growing strain can enable the flower growing strain and the flower growing substrate to be mixed more uniformly, so that the rapid proceeding of the flower growing process is promoted, and the quality of the golden flower tea is facilitated to be formed.
The golden flower fu brick tea of the present invention may be an anhua fu brick tea or jing yang fu brick tea containing a gold flower (Eurotium cristatum), and is not particularly limited herein.
The preparation of the hair flower raw materials in this example includes: treating Pu' er tea with moist water, and then performing heat preservation treatment to obtain the treated raw material.
The raw puer tea can be various commercially prepared raw puer tea or raw puer tea prepared according to a preparation process of raw puer tea.
Further, the moistening treatment comprises adding 10-20 wt% of raw Pu 'er tea into raw Pu' er tea for moistening.
Further, the heat preservation treatment comprises preserving the temperature of the moisturized Pu-Er raw tea at 35-45 deg.C for 20-60 min. The Pu' er raw tea after wetting is kept warm for a period of time at a certain temperature, and a subsequent flowering process is carried out, so that the rapid proceeding of the flowering process can be promoted, and the quality of the golden camellia is promoted.
The pretreatment in the embodiment comprises the steps of mixing the treatment principle with the flowering bacterial, steaming at the temperature of 100-120 ℃, and pressing to obtain a pretreatment raw material; the pressed pretreated raw materials are blocky.
In detail, the weight of the strain for growing flowers added to the treatment raw material in the embodiment is 1-3% of the weight of the treatment raw material; the proper amount of the added flower growing strains can promote the rapid development of the flower growing process on one hand, and avoid the excessive consumption of effective substances in the raw materials to be processed by excessive strains on the other hand.
The preparation method can be used for preparing the golden flower Pu ' er longzhu tea and the golden flower Pu ' er cake tea, when the golden flower Pu ' er longzhu tea is prepared by the preparation method, 8-12g of processing raw materials are mixed with a flowering strain, and then the mixture is steamed and baked and pressed to prepare the longzhu tea; when the preparation method is adopted to prepare the golden flower Pu' er tea cake, 200g to 400g of the processing raw materials and the flowering strain are mixed, steamed and baked, and pressed to prepare the tea cake.
Preferably, the treatment raw material and the flowering fungus are mixed and steamed for 20-60 s; steaming and baking the mixed processing raw materials and the flowering strains for a short time can avoid the generation of mixed bacteria which are not beneficial to the formation of the quality of the golden camellia during the flowering process, and avoid the rotten tea or the failure of flowering and the like.
The method for growing the flowers comprises the step of wrapping the pretreated raw materials in the fermentation membrane for growing the flowers. In detail, the temperature of the hair is 26-30 ℃; further, the time spent may be 8-10 days. It is to be noted that when the golden flower Pu' er longzhu tea is prepared by the method, each longzhu tea prepared in advance is independently wrapped by a fermentation film; when the golden flower Pu' er cake tea is prepared by the method, each prepared tea cake is separately wrapped by a fermentation film. It should be further noted that the flowering time can also be determined according to the specific conditions of flowering, and the flowering can be finished when the growth of the golden flowers on the tea leaves is flourishing.
The fermentation film can be a preservative film or a film capable of preventing water loss, such as tinfoil paper and the like; further, the mixture of tea and strain wrapped by preservative film or tinfoil paper can be integrally filled into a sealing bag, and then the flowering is carried out, wherein the sealing bag can be made of PE materials.
The term "bloom" in the present invention means fermentation using a bacterial strain.
The preparation method of the golden flower Pu' er raw tea further comprises drying, in detail, after the flowering of the golden flower tea is finished, the fermentation film can be removed, and then the tea after the flowering is dried at the temperature of 40-45 ℃; the drying time can be 8-12 d; drying is usually finished when the water content of the golden camellia is 3-8%. The drying is carried out at a low temperature at a slow speed, so that the conversion of substances in the golden camellia can be further promoted in the drying process, and the quality of the golden camellia is further improved.
The preparation method of the golden flower Pu 'er raw tea and the golden flower Pu' er raw tea of the invention are further described in detail by combining the examples.
Example 1
Grinding the golden flower Fuzhuan tea into powder to be used as a flower growing strain; carrying out damp treatment on the Pu-erh raw tea, wherein the amount of water added into the Pu-erh raw tea during the damp treatment is 18 percent of the weight of the Pu-erh raw tea, and then placing the mixture after the damp treatment at the temperature of 40 ℃ for heat preservation for 30 min; adding a flowering strain into the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment, then placing the Pu ' er raw tea at the temperature of 120 ℃ for steaming for 40s, and pressing the mixture into blocks to obtain a pretreatment raw material, wherein the weight of the flowering strain is 3% of that of the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment; wrapping the pre-treatment raw materials obtained after pressing in a fermentation film, then putting the pre-treatment raw materials wrapped with the fermentation film in a sealed bag, and placing the bag at 26 ℃ for blooming for 10 days; and after the flowering is finished, removing the sealing bag and the fermentation film, and drying the flowering tea blocks at the temperature of 45 ℃ for 10 days to obtain the golden flower Pu' er raw tea.
Example 2
Grinding the golden flower Fuzhuan tea into powder to be used as a flower growing strain; carrying out damp water treatment on the raw Pu ' er tea, wherein the amount of water added into the raw Pu ' er tea during the damp water treatment is 10% of the weight of the raw Pu ' er tea, and then placing the mixture after the damp water treatment at the temperature of 35 ℃ for heat preservation for 60 min; adding a flowering strain into the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment, then placing the Pu ' er raw tea at the temperature of 100 ℃ for steaming for 60s, and pressing the mixture into blocks to obtain a pretreatment raw material, wherein the weight of the flowering strain is 1% of that of the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment; wrapping the pre-treatment raw materials obtained after pressing in a preservative film, then putting the pre-treatment raw materials wrapped with the preservative film into a sealed bag, and placing the bag at 30 ℃ for blooming for 8 days; and after the flowering is finished, removing the sealing bag and the preservative film, and drying the flowering tea blocks at the temperature of 40 ℃ for 12 days to obtain the golden flower Pu' er raw tea.
Example 3
Grinding the golden flower Fuzhuan tea into powder to be used as a flower growing strain; carrying out damp water treatment on the raw Pu ' er tea, wherein the amount of water added into the raw Pu ' er tea during the damp water treatment is 20% of the weight of the raw Pu ' er tea, and then placing the mixture after the damp water treatment at the temperature of 45 ℃ for heat preservation for 20 min; adding a flowering strain into the Pu-erh raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment, then placing the Pu-erh raw tea at the temperature of 110 ℃ for steaming for 20s, and pressing the mixture into blocks to obtain a pretreatment raw material, wherein the weight of the flowering strain is 2% of that of the Pu-erh raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment; wrapping the pre-treatment raw materials obtained after pressing in tin foil paper, then putting the pre-treatment raw materials wrapped with the tin foil paper into a sealed bag together, and placing the bag at 28 ℃ for blooming for 9 d; and after the flowering is finished, removing the sealing bag and the tin foil paper, and drying the flowering tea blocks at 42 ℃ for 8 days to obtain the golden flower Pu' er raw tea.
Example 4
Taking the golden flower Fuzhuan tea as a flower growing strain; carrying out damp treatment on the Pu-erh raw tea, wherein the amount of water added into the Pu-erh raw tea during the damp treatment is 15 percent of the weight of the Pu-erh raw tea, and then placing the mixture after the damp treatment at the temperature of 38 ℃ for heat preservation for 50 min; adding a flowering strain into the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment, then placing the Pu ' er raw tea at the temperature of 105 ℃ for steaming for 50s, and pressing the mixture into blocks to obtain a pretreatment raw material, wherein the weight of the flowering strain is 2.5% of that of the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment; wrapping the pre-treated raw material obtained after pressing in a fermentation membrane, and placing at 27 ℃ for flowering; and after the flowering is finished, removing the fermentation film, and drying the tea block subjected to the flowering at 42 ℃ to obtain the golden flower Pu' er raw tea.
Example 5
Grinding the golden flower Fuzhuan tea into powder to be used as a flower growing strain; carrying out damp treatment on the Pu-erh raw tea, wherein the amount of water added into the Pu-erh raw tea during the damp treatment is 16 percent of the weight of the Pu-erh raw tea, and then placing the mixture after the damp treatment at the temperature of 42 ℃ for heat preservation for 45 min; dividing the heat-preserved raw materials into 8g small tea piles, adding a flowering strain into the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment, then placing the Pu ' er raw tea at the temperature of 120 ℃ for steaming for 40s, and pressing the mixture into blocks to obtain a pretreatment raw material (longzhu tea), wherein the weight of the flowering strain is 1% of that of the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment; respectively wrapping each pretreated longzhu tea obtained after pressing in a fermentation membrane, then putting the pretreatment raw materials wrapped with the fermentation membrane in a sealed bag, and placing the bag at 30 ℃ for flowering for 8 d; and after the flowering is finished, removing the sealing bag and the fermentation film, and drying the flowering tea blocks at the temperature of 41 ℃ for 8 days to obtain the golden flower Pu' er raw tea.
Example 6
Grinding the golden flower Fuzhuan tea into powder to be used as a flower growing strain; carrying out damp treatment on the Pu-erh raw tea, wherein the amount of water added into the Pu-erh raw tea during the damp treatment is 14 percent of the weight of the Pu-erh raw tea, and then placing the mixture after the damp treatment at the temperature of 36 ℃ for heat preservation for 55 min; dividing the heat-preserved raw materials into small tea piles of 12g, adding a flowering strain into the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment, then placing the Pu ' er raw tea at the temperature of 110 ℃ for steaming for 40s, and pressing the mixture into blocks to obtain a pretreated raw material (longzhu tea), wherein the weight of the flowering strain is 2% of that of the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment; respectively wrapping each pretreated longzhu tea obtained after pressing in a fermentation membrane, then putting the pretreatment raw materials wrapped with the fermentation membrane in a sealed bag, and placing the bag at 30 ℃ for flowering for 9 d; and after the flowering is finished, removing the sealing bag and the fermentation film, and drying the flowering tea blocks at the temperature of 43 ℃ for 8 days to obtain the golden flower Pu' er raw tea.
Example 7
Grinding the golden flower Fuzhuan tea into powder to be used as a flower growing strain; carrying out damp water treatment on the raw Pu ' er tea, wherein the amount of water added into the raw Pu ' er tea during the damp water treatment is 19% of the weight of the raw Pu ' er tea, and then placing the mixture after the damp water treatment at the temperature of 40 ℃ for heat preservation for 35 min; dividing the heat-preserved raw materials into 200g small tea piles, adding a flowering strain into the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment, then placing the Pu ' er raw tea at the temperature of 100 ℃ for steaming for 55s, and pressing the mixture into blocks to obtain a pretreated raw material (cake tea), wherein the weight of the flowering strain is 3% of that of the Pu ' er raw tea subjected to heat preservation treatment; wrapping each pre-treated tea cake obtained after pressing in a fermentation film, packaging the pre-treated raw materials wrapped with the fermentation film in a sealed bag, and standing at 30 ℃ for blooming for 10 days; and after the flowering is finished, removing the sealing bag and the fermentation film, and drying the flowering tea blocks at the temperature of 45 ℃ for 12 days to obtain the golden flower Pu' er raw tea.
Comparative example 1
The method for preparing golden flower Pu' er raw tea in the comparative example 1 is similar to that in the example 1, except that the strain for growing flower in the comparative example 1 is Eurotium cristatum after separation and purification, but not Fuzhuan tea containing Eurotium cristatum, and other process steps are the same as those in the example 1, and are not repeated herein.
Comparative example 2
The method for preparing golden flower Pu' er raw tea in the comparative example 2 is similar to that in the example 1, except that the pretreated raw material is not wrapped by the fermentation film for growing flowers in the comparative example 2, and other process steps are the same as those in the example 1, and are not described again.
Comparative example 3
The method for preparing the golden flower Pu' er raw tea in the comparative example 3 is similar to that in the example 1, except that the raw material after wetting is not subjected to heat preservation in the comparative example 3, and other process steps are the same as those in the example 1, and are not repeated.
Comparative example 4
The method for preparing the golden camellia Pu' er raw tea in the comparative example 4 is similar to that in the example 1, except that the golden camellia is directly dried in a drying oven at the temperature of about 60 ℃ during the drying process in the comparative example 4.
Comparative example 5
The method for preparing golden flower Pu' er raw tea in the comparative example 5 is similar to that in the example 1, except that the strain for growing flower in the comparative example 5 is Eurotium cristatum after separation and purification, but not Fuzhuan tea containing Eurotium cristatum, and the pretreatment raw material is not wrapped by a fermentation film for growing flower in the comparative example 5, and other process steps are the same as those in the example 1, and are not repeated.
Comparative example 6
The method for preparing golden flower Pu' er raw tea in the comparative example 6 is similar to that in the example 1, except that the strain for flowering in the comparative example 6 is Eurotium cristatum after separation and purification, but not Fuzhuan tea containing Eurotium cristatum, the comparative example 6 does not carry out heat preservation treatment on the wet raw material, and does not wrap the pre-treated raw material with a fermentation film for flowering, and other process steps are the same as those in the example 1, and are not repeated herein.
Comparing the content of the raw Camellia Chysantha Pu' er tea prepared in the examples 1-7 and the comparative examples 1-6, in detail, the comparison index comprises the following content: tea polyphenols, theaflavin, thearubigin, theabrownin, and caffeine; the inspection methods of various contents refer to GB/T8313 & 2008 & methods for detecting the content of tea polyphenol and catechin in tea & lt & gt, GB/T8312 & 2013 & lt & gt determination of caffeine & gt and Roberts method respectively to determine the content of various tea pigments, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 content of various Camellia nitidissima contents
As can be seen from the results in table 1, the preparation method of the present invention can improve the quality of camellia nitidissima from the change of the content of the camellia sinensis, and the higher content of thearubigin and theaflavin can improve the liquor color, taste and the like of the tea soup, and can also maintain the better health care effect of the camellia sinensis by using various tea pigments; the method of the invention can also reduce the content of caffeine and reduce the bitterness of the mouthfeel.
In conclusion, the preparation method of the golden flower Pu 'er raw tea and the golden flower Pu' er raw tea provided by the embodiment of the invention have the beneficial effects that:
according to the preparation method of the golden flower Pu 'er raw tea, when the golden flower Pu' er raw tea is prepared, the golden flower Fuzhuan tea is selected as the flower growing strain for growing, so that the process flow for preparing the flower growing strain can be simplified on one hand, and the quality of the golden flower tea can be effectively promoted to be improved on the other hand; the subsequent processes such as flowering and the like are carried out after the flowering raw material is subjected to heat preservation treatment for a period of time after being moistened, so that the conversion of substances contained in the raw material in the flowering process can be promoted, and the quality of the golden camellia is promoted to be improved; in the preparation process, when the flowering process is carried out, the mixture to be flowered is wrapped together by the fermentation film for flowering, and the formation of the quality of the golden camellia can be facilitated.
The method adopts a powder inoculation method, the product is coated by the preservative film and is filled into a plastic bag, only a certain temperature is controlled, humidity does not need to be controlled, and a large amount of golden flowers can be generated in a short time; the method is suitable for the production of small-batch customized individualized golden camellia, and accords with the development direction of current market demands.
The golden flower Pu' er raw tea provided by the embodiment of the invention has better quality, contains more nutrient health-care substances and has certain health-care effect.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.