CN108202515B - 湿法水刺复合材料及制作方法 - Google Patents

湿法水刺复合材料及制作方法 Download PDF

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CN108202515B
CN108202515B CN201611166871.6A CN201611166871A CN108202515B CN 108202515 B CN108202515 B CN 108202515B CN 201611166871 A CN201611166871 A CN 201611166871A CN 108202515 B CN108202515 B CN 108202515B
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佘卫军
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HANGZHOU NBOND NONWOVENS CO LTD
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种能够从根本上解决普通湿法水刺非织造材料强力低及纵、横向强度差异较大的湿法水刺复合材料及制作方法，湿法水刺复合材料为双层结构，上层为湿法纤维网，下层为机织布。优点：解决了普通湿法水刺非织造材料强力低及纵、横向强度差异较大的问题，提高了产品物性指标，拓宽了产品应用领域，对湿法水刺非织造技术的推广应用具有重要意义。

Description

湿法水刺复合材料及制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种能够从根本上解决普通湿法水刺非织造材料强力低及纵、横向强度差异较大的湿法水刺复合材料及制作方法，属于湿法非织造技术领域。
背景技术
湿法非织造布是由水、纤维及化学助剂在专门的成型器中脱水而制成纤维网，经过物理、化学方法固网后所获得的非织造布。湿法非织造布具有纤维杂乱排列，均匀性较好、纤维范围广、生产速度高等特点。但是，由于湿法非织造布采用的是超短纤维，一般选用的纤维长度在20mm以下，因此，产品的面密度范围较低、断裂强度也相对较低，纵、横向断裂强度差异较大，在一定程度上限制了产品应用，无法满足高克重（面密度）以及高断裂强度要求的需要。
CN201410530722.8公开了一种可冲散湿巾材料及其生产方法，产品是用粘胶纤维、木浆纤维以及ES纤维为原料，采用湿法成网、热风、热轧方法制备而成。该产品以造纸技术为基础，利用湿法成网等非织造技术制备可冲散非织造湿巾材料。该湿巾材料除具有一般湿纸巾特性外，还具有生产速度高、产量大，纤网定量一致，质地轻薄和可降解可冲散等特性。但由于湿法成网工艺的限制，该可冲散湿巾材料的面密度仅为50～60g/m2。
CN200910053210.6公开了一种湿巾材料的制造方法，具体步骤为：先将粘胶纤维和绒毛浆木浆纤维分别开松后置于精粉碎机中以重量比25-45∶55-75混合，将混合纤维采用干法造纸制成纸幅后水刺加固，再烘干得到湿巾材料。该材料性能测试如下：克重：40g/m2，厚度：0.42mm，拉伸断裂强力：纵向65/5cm，横向15N/5cm，纵/横向断裂强力比为：4.3，断裂伸长率：纵向12％，横向：73％。由此可见，该材料断裂强度受到限制，纵横向断裂强度比较大。
发明内容
设计目的：避免背景技术中的不足之处，设计一种能够从根本上解决普通湿法水刺非织造材料强力低及纵、横向强度差异较大的湿法水刺复合材料及制作方法。
设计方案：为了实现上述设计目的。本申请湿法水刺复合材料为双层结构，其中，上层为湿法纤维网，下层为机织布。湿法纤维网由重量百分比为60～100%的木浆或棉浆和重量百分比为40～0%，长度3～20mm的超短纤维构成。其中超短纤维包括：人造纤维素超短纤维、聚酯超短纤维、聚乳酸（PLA）超短纤维、ES超短纤维、聚乙烯醇超短纤维、芳纶超短纤维的一种或两种混合。两种混合时，人造纤维素超短纤维、聚酯超短纤维、聚乳酸(PLA)超短纤维、芳纶超短纤维其中一种的重量百分比为20～39%，ES超短纤维、聚乙烯醇超短纤维其中一种的重量百分比为20～1%。
湿法水刺复合材料克重为：35～250 g/m2。2、以上木浆、棉浆纤维的长度为：1～10mm。以上超短纤维的纤维细度为：0.1～6dtex，超短纤维长度为：3～20mm。所述机织布由经纬交织的纱线构成，纱线包括纱、丝、线。纱线中的纤维包括各类天然纤维、人造纤维、合成纤维。纱线细度范围为：10～80英支,机织布的经纬纱密度范围为：40～300根/10cm。
本发明与背景技术相比，一是在成型网主传动辊前设置喷气装置，利用喷气装置上1排或多排高压空气的作用，将湿法纤维网与成型网分离，并顺利转移到水刺托网帘上的机织布上，湿法纤维网与机织布一同进入圆鼓水刺系统，解决了因圆鼓水刺系统张力大，而湿法纤网强力低转移困难的问题；二是进入第一水刺系统时，采用湿法纤维网在内，机织布在外的设计，使高压水流首先直接冲击机织布表面，解决了湿法纤网因直接受到高压水流冲击，湿法纤维流失量过大的问题；三是解决了普通湿法水刺非织造材料强力低及纵、横向强度差异较大的问题，提高了产品物性指标，拓宽了产品应用领域，对湿法水刺非织造技术的推广应用具有重要意义；四是利用喷气装置剥离湿法纤维网的设计，最大限度地保护了纤网均匀度，喷气装置结构简单、操作方便、节省能耗、效果明显。
附图说明
图1是湿法水刺复合材料工艺流程示意图。
图2是湿法水刺复合材料生产装置示意图。图中，湿法成形器1、湿法纤维网2、成型网3、喷气装置4、主传动辊5、水刺托网帘6、转移辊7、机织布8、第一水刺装置9、第二水刺装置10、水刺头11、真空抽吸辊12、湿法水刺复合材料13。
图3是湿法水刺复合材料外观结构示意图；图中，湿法纤维网2、机织布8。
具体实施方式
实施例1：参照附图1-3。一种湿法水刺复合材料，湿法水刺复合材料为双层结构，上层为湿法纤维网，下层为机织布。湿法纤维网由重量百分比为60～100%的木浆或棉浆和重量百分比为40～0%，长度3～20mm的超短纤维构成。其中超短纤维包括：人造纤维素超短纤维、聚酯超短纤维、聚乳酸（PLA）超短纤维、ES超短纤维、聚乙烯醇超短纤维、芳纶超短纤维的一种或两种混合。两种混合时，人造纤维素超短纤维、聚酯超短纤维、聚乳酸(PLA)超短纤维、芳纶超短纤维其中一种的重量百分比为20～39%（如21%、22%、23%、24%、25%、26%、27%、28%、29%、30%、31%、32%、33%、34%、35%、36%、37%、38%、39%），ES超短纤维、聚乙烯醇超短纤维其中一种的重量百分比为20～1%（如19、18、17、16、15、14、13、12、11、10、9、8、7、6、5、4、3、2、1）。
湿法水刺复合材料克重为：35～250 g/m2。所述机织布由经纬交织的纱线构成，纱线细度范围为10～80英支,机织布的经纬纱密度范围为40～300根/10cm。所述纱线包括纱、丝、线。所述纱线中的纤维包括各类天然纤维、人造纤维、合成纤维。
实施例2：一种湿法水刺复合材料制作方法，（1）分别将重量百分比为60～100%的木浆或棉浆纤维与长度3～20mm重量百分比为40～0%的超短纤维在卸料池中加水混合成浓度为1～3%的浆液，完成液相分散，然后在配料池中完成液相混合；超短纤维包括：人造纤维素超短纤维、聚酯超短纤维、聚乳酸超短纤维、ES超短纤维、聚乙烯醇超短纤维、芳纶超短纤维的一种或两种混合。两种混合时，人造纤维素超短纤维、聚酯超短纤维、聚乳酸(PLA)超短纤维、芳纶超短纤维其中一种的重量百分比为20～39%，ES超短纤维、聚乙烯醇超短纤维其中一种的重量百分比为20～1%。
（2）将混合后的浆液在抄前池中加水混合成浓度为0.1～1%的浆液，经过冲浆泵的浆液在湿法成型器1上脱水形成20～120g/m2湿法纤维网2，由于真空脱水作用，湿法纤维网2紧贴在成型网3上。
（3）转移辊7位于主传动辊5的下方；转移辊7的下方设置有机织布放卷架；
（4）机织布8自下而上经转移辊7引入到水刺托网帘6上；
（5）在主传动辊5前的成型网3内侧设置一喷气装置4，通过喷气装置上的1排或多排喷嘴用0.1～5Mpa压力的高压气体冲击成型网3上的湿法纤维网2，使湿法纤维网2在到达主传动辊5前与成型网3上表面形成间隙，并使湿法纤维网2转移到水刺拖网帘6上的机织布8上，与机织布8一起进入水刺系统，经过第一水刺装置9、第二水刺装置10上的高压水刺头11用1～10 Mpa压力的高压水针分别对机织布与纤维层表面进行冲击，使纤维与纤维、纤维与机织布之间充分缠结在一起，水刺加固后的复合材料经过真空抽吸辊12，使复合材料脱水，再经过轧花整理、烘干、卷曲、分切，制成湿法水刺复合材料13。例：纤维长度为2～3mm的木浆或10mm的黏胶超短纤维在卸料池中加水混合成浓度为3%的浆液，再按比列在配料池中完成混合。将混合后的浆液在抄前池中加水混合成浓度为0.5%浆液，经过冲浆泵的浆液在湿法成型器1上脱水形成50g/m2湿法纤维网2。用成形网3将湿法纤维网带到喷气装置4的上方，通过喷气装置上的1或多排喷嘴用3.5 Mpa压力的高压气体冲击成型网3上的湿法纤维网2，使湿法纤维网2在到达主传动辊5前与成型网3上表面形成间隙，并使湿法纤维网2转移到水刺拖网帘6上的机织布8上，与机织布8一起进入水刺系统。经过第一水刺装置9、第二水刺装置10上的高压水刺头11用4 Mpa压力的高压水针分别对纤维层与机织布表面进行冲击，使纤维与纤维、纤维与机织布之间充分缠结在一起。水刺加固后的复合材料经过真空抽吸辊12，使复合材料脱水，再经过轧花整理、烘干、卷曲、分切，制成湿法水刺复合材料13。
所述湿法成型器1选用斜网成型器。所述成型网3选用多层聚酯网，其中成型面采用平纹结构，经、纬线密度为60根/cm、76根/cm。所述水刺托网帘6选用单层聚酯网，经、纬线密度为40根/cm 、30根/cm。所述机织布经纬纱为40英支，经纬密度为：110*95根/10cm。
以上实施例中产品检测数据如下：
1、克重：97.2 g/m2；2、厚度：0.63mm；3、吸液量：674%；4、断裂强度（N/5cm）：纵向（MD）:124.5，横向（CD）:65.4；5、纵横向断裂强度比：1.9
需要理解到的是：上述实施例虽然对本发明的设计思路作了比较详细的文字描述，但是这些文字描述，只是对本发明设计思路的简单文字描述，而不是对本发明设计思路的限制，任何不超出本发明设计思路的组合、增加或修改，均落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种湿法水刺复合材料的制作方法，其特征是：
（1）分别将重量百分比为60～100%的木浆或棉浆纤维与长度为3～20mm、重量百分比为0～40%的超短纤维在卸料池中加水混合成浓度为1～3%的浆液，完成液相分散，然后在配料池中完成液相混合；超短纤维包括：人造纤维素超短纤维、聚酯超短纤维、聚乳酸超短纤维、ES超短纤维、聚乙烯醇超短纤维、芳纶超短纤维的一种或两种混合；两种混合时，人造纤维素超短纤维、聚酯超短纤维、聚乳酸超短纤维、芳纶超短纤维其中一种的重量百分比为20～39%，ES超短纤维、聚乙烯醇超短纤维其中一种的重量百分比为1～20%；
（2）将混合后的浆液在抄前池中加水混合成浓度为0.1～1%的浆液，经过冲浆泵的浆液在湿法成型器（1）上脱水形成20～120g/m2的湿法纤维网（2），由于真空脱水作用，湿法纤维网（2）紧贴在成型网（3）上；
（3）转移辊（7）位于主传动辊（5）的下方；转移辊（7）的下方设置有机织布放卷架；
（4）机织布（8）自下而上经转移辊（7）引入到水刺托网帘（6）上；
（5）在主传动辊（5）前的成型网（3）内侧设置一喷气装置（4），通过喷气装置上的1排或多排喷嘴用0.1～5MPa 压力的气体冲击成型网（3）上的湿法纤维网（2），使湿法纤维网（2）在到达主传动辊（5）前与成型网（3）上表面形成间隙，并使湿法纤维网（2）转移到水刺拖网帘（6）上的机织布（8）上，与机织布（8）一起进入水刺系统，经过第一水刺装置（9）、第二水刺装置（10）上的高压水刺头（11）用1～10MPa 压力的高压水针分别对机织布与纤维层表面进行冲击，使纤维与纤维、纤维与机织布之间充分缠结在一起，水刺加固后的复合材料经过真空抽吸辊（12），使复合材料脱水，再经过轧花整理、烘干、卷曲、分切，制成湿法水刺复合材料（13）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制作方法，其特征是：湿法水刺复合材料克重为：35～250 g/m2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制作方法，其特征是：所述机织布由经纬交织的纱线构成，纱线细度范围为10～80英支，机织布的经纬纱密度范围为40～300根/10cm。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制作方法，其特征是：所述纱线包括纱、丝、线。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制作方法，其特征是：所述纱线中的纤维包括天然纤维、人造纤维、合成纤维。
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