CN108195866A - A kind of determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging - Google Patents
A kind of determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging Download PDFInfo
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- CN108195866A CN108195866A CN201810015529.9A CN201810015529A CN108195866A CN 108195866 A CN108195866 A CN 108195866A CN 201810015529 A CN201810015529 A CN 201810015529A CN 108195866 A CN108195866 A CN 108195866A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of determination methods of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging, include the following steps：S1 cuts sample from the silicon rubber umbrella skirt of composite insulator to be measured, carries out X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis to the sample, obtains the Si 2p power spectrums of the sample；S2 carries out swarming process of fitting treatment to the Si 2p power spectrums that step S1 is obtained using swarming approximating method, obtains the corresponding four sub- peaks of silica functional group of Si atoms four kinds of configurations present in silicon rubber umbrella skirt；S3 calculates the peak area at each sub- peak, and the relative scale between the silica functional group of each configuration is determined by the ratio between the peak area at each sub- peak；S4 calculates the average O atom number around a Si atom according to the relative scale between the silica functional group of the obtained each configurations of step S3；S5 judges the degree of aging of the silicon rubber in the sample according to the average O atom number.The present invention can relatively accurately judge the degree of aging of composite insulator silicon rubber.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to analysis detection field, more particularly to a kind of judgement side of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging
Method.
【Background technology】
In China's electric system, the umbrella sheath material overwhelming majority of composite insulator is silicon rubber, HTV silicon rubber
Raw rubber ingredient is the polysiloxane of high linear polymeric degree, addition extending fillers, reinforced filling, antistructurizing agent and each
Kind auxiliary agent coordinates, and possesses good mechanically and electrically performance, and with unique migration of hydrophobicity, therefore obtained extensively
Using.
Silicon rubber belongs to high-molecular organic material, and running environment is relatively severe, is subjected to high electric-field intensity, high dirt for a long time
The influence of the environmental stress such as dirty, moist after a period of time is run, inevitably will appear aging phenomenon, performance it is bad
Change the normal operation that will influence whether line facility.Therefore, it is necessary to by the measurement means of both macro and micro, analysis operation one
Determine the ageing state of the composite insulator umbrella skirt silastic material of the time limit, formulating composite insulator Strategies of Maintenance for O＆M department carries
Foundation for reference.When whether the aging of previous judgement silicon rubber, usually more subjectively judged by testing staff, no standard measure essence
Really analysis.
【Invention content】
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：Above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art are made up, propose a kind of composite insulator
The determination method of silicon rubber degree of aging can relatively accurately judge the degree of aging of composite insulator silicon rubber.
The technical issues of of the invention, is solved by following technical solution：
A kind of determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging, includes the following steps：S1, from compound inslation to be measured
Sample is cut in the silicon rubber umbrella skirt of son, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis is carried out to the sample, obtains the Si of the sample
2p power spectrums；S2 carries out swarming process of fitting treatment to the Si 2p power spectrums that step S1 is obtained using swarming approximating method, obtains Si atoms
The corresponding four sub- peaks of the silica functional group of four kinds of configurations present in silicon rubber umbrella skirt；Wherein, the silicon of four kinds of configurations
Oxygen functional group is respectively：The first configuration Si (- O)1, second of configuration Si (- O)2, the third configuration Si (- O)3With the 4th kind of structure
Type Si (- O)4；S3 calculates the peak area at each sub- peak, by the ratio between the peak area at each sub- peak determine each configuration silica functional group it
Between relative scale；S4 calculates a Si according to the relative scale between the silica functional group of the obtained each configurations of step S3
Average O atom number around atom；S5 judges the aging of the silicon rubber in the sample according to the average O atom number
Degree.
The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with the prior art is：
The determination method of the composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging of the present invention, by being carried out to insulator silicon rubber surface
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis calculates the silicon atom ratio of various configuration with reference to the method that swarming is fitted, is obtained according to the ratio
Go out the average oxygen atomicity around silicon atom in silicon rubber, so as to judge its oxidation cross-linked degree, further judge silicon rubber
The degree of aging of material.In the determination method of the present invention, degree of aging is judged according to the value of average O atom number, it can be achieved that quantitative
Ground is analyzed, and judgement result is more accurate.The method of the present invention can be used for the composite insulator silicon rubber material to different degree of agings
Material provides quantizating index, and the operating status that line insulator is assessed for O＆M department provides Judging index and foundation.
【Description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 be the specific embodiment of the invention determination method in swarming fitting after result schematic diagram.
【Specific embodiment】
With reference to embodiment and compare attached drawing the present invention is described in further details.
Idea of the invention is that：The natural aging process of sulphurated siliastic is generally polysiloxane side chain organic group
Oxidation and silicon-oxygen backbone between crosslinking degree rise, macro manifestations for full skirt hardening, fade, cracking etc., severe patient's table
There is notable dusting in face, and organic content declines to a great extent.The present invention is in decision process, on the one hand, utilizes x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Carry out the analysis of material surface.On the other hand, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis is combined with swarming fitting technique.This be because
For although x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy can directly provide the silicon atom of material surface and oxygen atom relative scale, due to material
In containing other oxygen-containing, element silicon components (such as aluminium hydroxide, white carbon), thus can not silicon atom in accurate evaluation material
The residing state of oxidation, therefore list can not judge degree of aging from the relative scale of silicon atom and oxygen atom.And divided by combining
Peak is fitted, and can calculate the relative scale of the silicon atom of different chemical environments, so as to deduce the original of the averaged oxygen around silicon atom
Subnumber, and then the intuitive oxidation cross-linked degree and degree of aging for reflecting silastic material surface.
Present embodiment provides a kind of determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging, based on X ray light
The combination of electron spectrum and swarming fitting technique judges the degree of aging of composite insulator silicon rubber.Based on to be measured
The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis of composite insulator silicon rubber material, with NIST databases (National Institute of
Standards and Technology Atomic Spectra Database, National Institute of Standards and Technology's atom
Spectra database) data based on, to Si 2p peaks carry out swarming fitting, obtain the relative scale of the Si atoms of various configuration,
So as to calculate the average O atom number around Si atoms, so as to judge the degree of aging of silicon rubber.It is detailed further below to judge
Journey.
S1 cuts sample from the silicon rubber umbrella skirt of composite insulator to be measured, and x-ray photoelectron energy is carried out to the sample
Spectrum analysis obtains the Si 2p power spectrums of the sample.
In the step, rubber cutting knife can be used to cut one piece of 1~2mm from composite insulator silicon rubber full skirt to be measured
Then thick surface layer sample carries out energy spectrum analysis using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, obtain the Si 2p power spectrums of the sample.Such as figure
Parent mass peak curve shown in solid in 1, the Si 2p power spectrums of sample as in present embodiment.
S2 carries out swarming process of fitting treatment to the Si 2p power spectrums that step S1 is obtained using swarming approximating method, obtains Si atoms
The corresponding four sub- peaks of the silica functional group of four kinds of configurations present in silicon rubber umbrella skirt；Wherein, the silicon of four kinds of configurations
Oxygen functional group is respectively：The first configuration Si (- O)1, second of configuration Si (- O)2, the third configuration Si (- O)3With the 4th kind of structure
Type Si (- O)4。
Si atoms in silicon rubber umbrella skirt are as shown in the table there are four kinds of configurations：
The original peak data of the Si 2p power spectrums of silicon rubber sample is believed that the 2p of the Si atoms by above four kinds of different valence states
Power spectrum sums it up.Therefore by swarming fitting technique, swarming goes out four kinds of configurations from the parent mass peak that step S1 is obtained in the step
The corresponding sub- peak of functional group.Swarming fit procedure is the process of continuous iteration, final so that the synthesis at four sub- peaks separated
Peak is infinitely approached to parent mass peak.After obtaining four sub- peaks, the relative scale of the silica functional group of four kinds of configurations can be subsequently calculated.
Preferably, in the step by Gauss-Lorentzian (Gauss-Lorentz swarming) swarming approximating method to institute
It states Si 2p power spectrums progress swarming process of fitting treatment and obtains four sub- peaks.Specifically, include the following steps：
S21 estimates the combination energy of the silica functional group of four kinds of configurations.
With reference to the abscissa that can be corresponded in spectrum curve, the chemical shift of Si atoms in various configuration is represented.This is specific real
It applies in mode, with dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS) in NIST databases and quartz (SiO2) combination energy data as D and Q structures
The combination energy of the group of type, then by the group of D and Q configurations using the combination of the group of linear interpolation method estimation M and T configurations
Energy.Since the combination energy data of allied substances in NIST databases have certain dispersibility, with the data of respective substance
Median, which is used as, combines energy.Estimated, the combination for obtaining the silica functional group of each configuration can be as shown in the table：
| With reference to energy/eV | |
| M | 101.5 |
| D | 102.2 |
| T | 102.9 |
| Q | 103.5 |
S22 can determine that the peak position at corresponding sub- peak by the combination of the silica functional group of four kinds of configurations, preset four kinds of structures
The halfwidth range at the corresponding sub- peak of silica functional group of type, using Gauss-Lorentzian swarmings approximating method to the Si
2p power spectrums carry out swarming process of fitting treatment, obtain four sub- peaks.
In the step, it is respectively that 4 sub- peaks (correspond to M/ respectively to determine 101.5eV, 102.2eV, 102.9eV and 103.5eV
D/T/Q configurations) peak position (peak position allows the error for having ± 0.1eV), setting M/D/T correspond to the halfwidth at sub- peak 0.5~
Within 1.5eV, Q corresponds to the halfwidth at sub- peak in 0.5~2.7eV, preferably within 0.5~2.0eV.It is high according to the peak position and half
It is wide, you can swarming fitting is carried out to the Si 2p power spectrums parent mass peak of sample using Gauss-Lorentzian methods.As shown in Figure 1,
Result schematic diagram after being fitted for swarming.In figure, solid line shows the Si 2p power spectrums of the sample obtained in step S1, Ye Jiyuan
Beginning peak.Four sub- peaks that dotted line expression separates.Dotted line represents the composed peak at four sub- peaks, basically identical with parent mass peak, by
This show four sub- peaks that swarming obtains the result is that accurate.
Furthermore it is preferred that the swarming process of fitting treatment process in step S2 also can directly pass through XPS swarming softwares (XPS
Peak41 softwares) carry out swarming obtain sub- peak.By in the parent mass peak data input software of Si 2p power spectrums, the data at sub- peak are set
Range can directly obtain the curve at sub- peak from software.
S3 calculates the peak area at each sub- peak, between the silica functional group that each configuration is determined by the ratio between the peak area at each sub- peak
Relative scale.
In the step, the peak area (integrated intensity) at each sub- peak is calculated, the ratio between peak area is the silica official of various configuration
The relative scale that can be rolled into a ball.
S4 calculates a Si atoms week according to the relative scale between the silica functional group of the obtained each configurations of step S3
The average O atom number enclosed.
In the step, the relative scale of tetra- kinds of functional groups of M/D/T/Q is obtained for swarming, can be calculated by weighted average
Average O atom number around one Si atom
Wherein, p (M), p (D), p (T), p (Q) represent the first configuration, second of configuration, the third configuration and respectively
Ratio shared by four kinds of configurations.Since each O atom being connect with Si atoms is also connected simultaneously with another Si atom, in atom
Can only can be regarded as half of O atom in the calculating of number, thus above-mentioned formula sum it up calculate after divided by 2, so as to represent a Si original
Average O atom number around sub.
S5 judges the degree of aging of the silicon rubber in the sample according to the average O atom number.
In the step, the average O atom number with preset threshold value can be compared, judge the silicon in the sample
The degree of aging of rubber.To judge the degree of aging of silicon rubber with more becoming more meticulous, two threshold values of setting are judged, thus will
Degree of aging is divided into three grades.Specifically, the average O atom number is carried out with preset first threshold, second threshold
Compare, if the average O atom number is more than the first threshold, judge that serious aging occurs in the silicon rubber；If
It is more than or equal to second threshold less than or equal to the first threshold, then judges that slight aging occurs in the silicon rubber；If less than institute
Second threshold is stated, then judges that the silicon rubber does not occur aging.Wherein, first threshold and the specific value of second threshold can be by big
The corresponding O appearance number of silicon rubber sample of ageing state known to amount sums up experience value.
In one example, first threshold takes 1.6, and second threshold takes 1.4.Therefore, if the average O atom number of sample to be tested
More than 1.6, then represent silicon rubber to be measured and serious aging (oxidation cross-linked) occur；If no more than 1.6 more than or equal to 1.4,
It represents silicon rubber and slight aging occurs；If less than 1.4, represent silicon rubber and do not occur apparent aging.
Following table is to the correlation calculation result of the composite insulator silicon rubber full skirt of 6 kinds of samples and judgement result.
In upper table, by taking No. 1 sample as an example, the calculating process for the O atom number that is averaged is as follows：
The calculating process of remaining sample is identical, numerous to list herein.
By data in table it is found that the assessment result of the determination method of present embodiment using other methods with being assessed
The composite insulator silicon rubber material aging degree arrived is consistent, and degree of aging is more serious, and the value of average O atom number is bigger, and two
Person has positive correlation.The determination method of present embodiment can be used for the composite insulator silicon rubber to different degree of agings
Material provides quantizating index, for O＆M department assess line insulator operating status provide quantitative accurate Judging index and according to
According to.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, it is impossible to assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist
Several replacements or apparent modification are made under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, and performance or use is identical, should all be considered as
It belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：S1, from treating
It surveys in the silicon rubber umbrella skirt of composite insulator and cuts sample, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis is carried out to the sample, described in acquisition
The Si 2p power spectrums of sample；S2 carries out swarming process of fitting treatment to the Si 2p power spectrums that step S1 is obtained using swarming approximating method, obtains
To the corresponding four sub- peaks of silica functional group of Si atoms four kinds of configurations present in silicon rubber umbrella skirt；Wherein, described four kinds
The silica functional group of configuration is respectively：The first configuration Si (- O)1, second of configuration Si (- O)2, the third configuration Si (- O)3With
4th kind of configuration Si (- O)4；S3 calculates the peak area at each sub- peak, and the silica of each configuration is determined by the ratio between the peak area at each sub- peak
Relative scale between functional group；S4 is calculated according to the relative scale between the silica functional group of the obtained each configurations of step S3
Go out the average O atom number around a Si atom；S5 judges the silicon rubber in the sample according to the average O atom number
The degree of aging of glue.
2. the determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is wrapped in S2
Include following steps：S21 estimates the combination energy of the silica functional group of four kinds of configurations；S22, by the silica function of four kinds of configurations
The combination of group can determine that the peak position at corresponding sub- peak, preset the halfwidth at the corresponding sub- peak of silica functional group of four kinds of configurations
Range carries out swarming process of fitting treatment to the Si 2p power spectrums using Gauss-Lorentzian swarmings approximating method, obtains described
Four sub- peaks.
3. the determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In S21,
By the dimethyl silicone polymer (PDMS) in NIST atomic spectra databases and quartz (SiO2) combination energy data respectively as
The combination energy of the silica functional group of second of configuration and the 4th kind of configuration, can be adopted by the combination of second of configuration and the 4th kind of configuration
The first configuration and the combination energy of the silica functional group of the third configuration are estimated with linear interpolation method.
4. the determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：In S21,
The combination that estimation obtains second of configuration can be 102.2eV, and the combination of the 4th kind of configuration can be 103.5eV, the first structure
The combination of type can be 101.5eV, and the combination of the third configuration can be 102.9eV.
5. the determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：In S22,
The peak position at the corresponding sub- peak of second of configuration is determined in the range of 102.2eV ± 0.1eV, the corresponding sub- peak of the 4th kind of configuration
Peak position in the range of 103.5eV ± 0.1eV, the peak position at the corresponding sub- peak of the first configuration is in 101.5eV ± 0.1eV ranges
Interior, the peak position at the corresponding sub- peak of the third configuration is in the range of 102.9eV ± 0.1eV.
6. the determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In S22,
Preset the halfwidth ranging from 0.5 at the first configuration, second of configuration peak corresponding with the silica functional group of the third configuration
~1.5eV presets the halfwidth ranging from 0.5~2.7eV at the corresponding sub- peak of silica functional group of the 4th kind of configuration.
7. the determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Default the
The halfwidth ranging from 0.5~2.0eV at the corresponding sub- peak of silica functional group of four kinds of configurations.
8. the determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In S4,
The average O atom number around a Si atom is calculated according to following formula Wherein, p (M), p (D), p (T), p (Q) are represented respectively
Ratio shared by the first configuration, second of configuration, the third configuration and the 4th kind of configuration.
9. the determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In S5,
The average O atom number with preset threshold value is compared, judges the degree of aging of the silicon rubber in the sample.
10. the determination method of composite insulator silicon rubber degree of aging according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：By institute
It states average O atom number to be compared with preset first threshold, second threshold, if the average O atom number is more than institute
First threshold is stated, then judges that serious aging occurs in the silicon rubber；If less than equal to the first threshold and more than or equal to the
Two threshold values then judge that slight aging occurs in the silicon rubber；If less than the second threshold, judge that the silicon rubber does not occur
Aging.
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