CN108192170B - 一种多功能特性的石墨烯/丁苯橡胶复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多功能特性的石墨烯/丁苯橡胶复合材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108192170B
CN108192170B CN201711349560.8A CN201711349560A CN108192170B CN 108192170 B CN108192170 B CN 108192170B CN 201711349560 A CN201711349560 A CN 201711349560A CN 108192170 B CN108192170 B CN 108192170B
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毛健
王飞
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Sichuan University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种多功能特性的石墨烯/丁苯橡胶复合材料的制备方法,旨在采用定向排列的石墨烯纳米片复合在丁苯橡胶中,提供优异的导电性能和耐磨特性等。本发明的材料为双层结构,一层为以石墨烯纳米片定向排列为主的功能层,一层以丁苯橡胶为主的弹性绝缘层。制备方法包括:(1)将石墨烯纳米片在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)溶液中进行超声处理,得到石墨烯分散液。(2)将石墨烯分散液加入到丁苯胶乳中超声处理或机械搅拌。(3)将步骤(2)得到的混合液倒入模具中,在一定温度下进行固化,得到最终复合材料。该复合材料具有石墨烯纳米片添加量低,在平行于石墨烯纳米片定向排列方向具有优异的导电性能和耐磨性,在垂直于石墨烯纳米片排列方向具有良好的绝缘特性,并且柔软可折叠,可用于静电防护、电磁波屏蔽等领域。

Description

一种多功能特性的石墨烯/丁苯橡胶复合材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料科学技术领域,具体涉及一种多功能特性的石墨烯/丁苯橡胶复合材料的制备方法。
背景技术
石墨烯是一种二维材料,由于其独特的性能,例如:石墨烯有高达1060 GPa的理论杨氏模量,20000 cm2V-1s-1的载流子迁移率和2630 m2/g的比表面积。所以,对于橡胶来说,石墨烯是一种很理想的功能化填料,可以用于提高橡胶材料的导电性能和耐磨性能等。
丁苯橡胶是世界上最大的通用合成橡胶品种。其物理性能,加工性能及使用性能和天然橡胶十分类似,其价格便宜而且韧性好,但是它的导电性能、耐磨性能和强度都很低。由于石墨烯的高导电性,优异的力学性能,可加入到丁苯橡胶来提高其导电能力、耐磨性能和力学性能等,但是由于石墨烯纳米片的各向异性的特性,控制石墨烯在基体材料中的取向,是充分发挥石墨烯优异性能的一个必要条件。本发明旨在解决石墨烯纳米片在丁苯橡胶中的定向排列问题,有效地改善丁苯橡胶的导电能力和耐磨性等。
发明内容
本发明是通过控制原材料及制备工艺参数来实现石墨烯纳米片在丁苯橡胶中的定向排列,主要原理是协调重力场作用和石墨烯纳米片之间的交互作用。
本发明的上述目的是通过以下方案来实现的:
将尺寸范围在1 μm~50 μm石墨烯纳米片经过聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)润湿处理后加入到丁苯胶乳中,然后进行固化处理,丁苯胶乳在固化过程中乳聚成丁苯橡胶,最后形成石墨烯/丁苯橡胶复合材料,该复合材料为双层结构,一层为以石墨烯纳米片定向排列为主的功能层,一层以丁苯橡胶为主的弹性绝缘层,由定向排列的石墨烯纳米片提供优异的导电性能和耐磨性能。
本发明的一种多功能特性的石墨烯/丁苯橡胶复合材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将1~20份(按质量份算)的石墨烯纳米片加入到60 mL聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)溶液(1~3 mg/mL)中进行超声处理10~30 min,制备出石墨烯分散液;
(2)将石墨烯分散液加入到200~400份(按质量份算)的的丁苯胶乳中,在25 oC条件下超声处理或机械搅拌20 min,获得混合液;
(3)获得的混合液倒入模具中,在 20 oC~60 oC的干燥箱中固化25~35小时,得到复合材料。
本发明的有益效果在于:(1)本发明通过使用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)对石墨烯纳米片进行非共价键改性,使石墨烯纳米片具有良好分散性的同时保留其本征性能;(2)在平行于石墨烯纳米片排列方向,复合材料具有优异的导电性能和耐磨特性,其电导率最高可达到1.69 S/cm,摩擦系数相比于丁苯橡胶最高可下降60%。在垂直于石墨烯排列方向,有良好的绝缘性能。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)将质量为0.1 g的石墨烯纳米片加入到60 mL聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)溶液(1mg/mL)中进行超声处理10 min,制备出石墨烯分散液;
(2)将石墨烯分散液加入到质量为10 g的丁苯胶乳中,在25 oC条件下超声处理20min,获得混合液;
(3)将获得的混合液倒入模具中,在35 oC的干燥箱中固化30小时,得到复合材料。
实施例2
(1)将质量为0.5 g的石墨烯纳米片加入到60 mL聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)溶液(2mg/mL)中进行超声处理20 min,制备出石墨烯分散液;
(2)将石墨烯分散液加入到质量为20 g的丁苯胶乳中,在25 oC条件下机械搅拌20min,获得混合液;
(3)将获得的混合液倒入模具中,在40 oC的干燥箱中固化35小时,得到复合材料。

Claims (2)

1.一种多功能特性的石墨烯/丁苯橡胶复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:该复合材料为双层结构,一层为以石墨烯纳米片定向排列为主的功能层,一层以丁苯橡胶为主的弹性绝缘层,该方法包括如下步骤:(1)将一定质量的石墨烯纳米片加入到60mL聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)溶液(1~3mg/mL)中进行超声处理10~30min,制备出石墨烯分散液,(2)将(1)中制备的石墨烯分散液加入到一定量质量的丁苯胶乳中,在25℃条件下超声处理或机械搅拌20min,获得混合液,(3)将(2)中获得的混合液倒入模具中,放入干燥箱中进行固化处理,得到复合材料;
所述的石墨烯纳米片,其石墨烯片层数小于10,纳米片尺寸范围在1μm~50μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:按质量份计算,加入的石墨烯纳米片占1~20份,丁苯胶乳占200~400份,固化温度为20℃~60℃,固化时间25~35小时。
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