CN108189516B - 一种覆铜板的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种覆铜板的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108189516B
CN108189516B CN201711276653.2A CN201711276653A CN108189516B CN 108189516 B CN108189516 B CN 108189516B CN 201711276653 A CN201711276653 A CN 201711276653A CN 108189516 B CN108189516 B CN 108189516B
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CN108189516A (zh
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江黛玉
徐珉
陈一水
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Xi'an Hongxinning Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种覆铜板的制备方法，属于导热材料领域。按重量份数计，依次称取30～40份环氧树脂，2～3份抗氧剂，3～5份阻燃剂，7～10份预处理石墨和12～18份改性海泡石，将原料移入反应釜中，搅拌混合，得导热胶；将导热胶涂布于铜箔上，得单面板，将单面板干燥后，得预处理单面板，将两块预处理单面板以导热胶相对分别贴合于改性玻璃纤维板上，得坯料，将坯料于高温下压合，即得覆铜板。本发明制备的覆铜板具有优异的导热性能，并且覆铜板的绝缘性能和力学性能都优于常规覆铜板。

Description

一种覆铜板的制备方法
技术领域
本发明公开了一种覆铜板的制备方法，属于导热材料领域。
背景技术
随着印刷线路板(PCB)向着高密度、多层化方向的不断发展，元器件在PCB上搭载、安装的空间大幅减少，整机电子产品对功率元器件的功率要求越来越高。小空间大功率不可避免地产生更多的热量聚集，造成元器件电气性能下降甚至毁损。此外，需在高耐热环境长期工作的PCB的应用市场如LED基板、新型电源模块、汽车电子、高集成度IC封装基板等在不断迅速地扩大。对于搭载元器件并导通它们之间的电路的基板来讲，赋予它高散热性的这一新功能，则要求其基板材料不仅有高热传导性，还要有高绝缘性和电击穿强度。
导热覆铜板是针对普通覆铜板低导热能力缺点而专门研究、开发的一类新型具有一定热导率的覆铜板。在普通覆铜板基础上发展起来的导热型覆铜板可大致地分为导热金属基和树脂基导热覆铜板2类，在结构上和普通覆铜板并无明显区别，是在保留电绝缘性能的基础上提高其导热能力。导热覆铜板除具有覆铜板的一般性能外，还具有高热可靠性、高尺寸稳定性及高电绝缘性等性能。金属基覆铜板是最常见，也是目前用量最大一类导热覆铜板，将普通金属基覆铜板的绝缘树脂粘接层赋予一定热导率便得导热型金属覆铜板。金属基板常用铝、铜、铁等金属作基板，最常用的是铝基导热覆铜板，但是其绝缘性能会因为金属基的加入降低。
因此，如何改善传统覆铜板导热性能，力学性能及绝缘性能不佳的缺点，以获取更高综合性能的覆铜板，是其推广与应用，满足工业生产需求亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是：针对改善传统覆铜板导热性能，力学性能及绝缘性能不佳的缺点，提供了一种覆铜板的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
（1）将玻璃纤维与硅烷偶联剂按质量比1：3～1：5混合，并加入玻璃纤维质量5～10倍的水，浸泡，过滤，干燥，得预处理玻璃纤维，将预处理玻璃纤维与橡胶混合乳液按质量比1：4～1：8混合，浸泡，过滤，得改性玻璃纤维；
（2）将改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维按质量比1：2～1：3混合，并加入改性玻璃纤维质量0.5～0.6倍的碳化硅纤维，得混合纤维料，将混合纤维料经开松，梳理，铺网和针刺后制得玻璃纤维板半成品，将玻璃纤维板半成品经热压和冷压后，裁剪成相应尺寸，制得改性玻璃纤维板；
（3）将氧化石墨与石蜡按质量比1：2～1：3混合球磨，得预处理石墨；
（4）将海泡石与水按质量比1：5～1：8混合，并加入海泡石质量0.3～0.5倍的氮化硅粉末和海泡石质量0.3～0.4倍的氮化铝粉末，超声振荡后，过滤，得预处理海泡石，将预处理海泡石与导热油按质量比1：4～1：6混合浸泡后，过滤，得改性海泡石；
（5）按重量份数计，依次称取30～40份环氧树脂，2～3份抗氧剂，3～5份阻燃剂，7～10份预处理石墨和12～18份改性海泡石，将原料移入反应釜中，搅拌混合，得导热胶；
（6）将导热胶涂布于铜箔上，得单面板，将单面板干燥后，得预处理单面板，将两块预处理单面板以导热胶相对分别贴合于改性玻璃纤维板上，得坯料，将坯料于高温下压合，即得覆铜板。
步骤（1）所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-550，硅烷偶联剂KH-560或硅烷偶联剂KH-570中任意一种。
步骤（1）所述橡胶混合乳液的制备方法为将橡胶乳液与碳化硅粉末按质量比4：1～6：1混合，并加入橡胶乳液质量0.1～0.2倍的分散剂NNO，搅拌混合，得橡胶混合乳液，所述橡胶乳液为丁腈橡胶乳液，天然橡胶乳液或硅橡胶乳液中任意一种。
步骤（2）所述改性玻璃纤维板的厚度为3～5μm。
步骤（3）所述石蜡为碳原子数24～30的石蜡混合物。
步骤（4）所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010，抗氧剂1076或抗氧剂CA中任意一种。
步骤（4）所述阻燃剂为阻燃剂BPC，阻燃剂BDP或阻燃剂PBO中任意一种。
本发明的有益效果是：
（1）本发明在制备覆铜板时使用改性纤维板，首先，改性纤维板中使用预处理玻璃纤维，玻璃纤维在经过预处理后，玻璃纤维表面吸附橡胶大分子和碳化硅颗粒，从而使玻璃纤维的脆性减小，韧性提高，并且在碳化硅的作用下，玻璃纤维表面导热率提高，进而在使用改性纤维板后，产品的力学性能和导热性能得到提高，其次，在制备改性纤维板时加入碳化硅纤维，碳化硅纤维可与玻璃纤维和丙纶纤维相互混合，并且碳化硅纤维强度较高，从而在使用改性纤维板制备覆铜板后，产品的力学性能和导热性能进一步提高；
（2）本发明在制备覆铜板时添加预处理氧化石墨，预处理氧化石墨是由石蜡包覆氧化石墨制得，在加入覆铜板体系中后，氧化石墨可在压制过程中在石蜡的作用下上浮至导热胶表面，在导热胶表面形成一层氧化石墨层，进而使产品的导热性能得到提高；
（3）本发明在制备覆铜板时添加改性海泡石，一方面，改性海泡石中海泡石在经过浸泡后，海泡石分散形成的单体纤维或较小的纤维束，并且在表面吸附大量氮化硅和氮化铝，从而使海泡石的导热性能得到提高，进而使产品的导热性能和绝缘性能得到提高，另一方面改性海泡石表面被导热油包覆，在加入体系中后，可在导热油作用下分散在体系中，并且导热油本身导热不导电，进而在加入体系中后，可使产品的绝缘和导热性能进一步提高。
具体实施方式
将玻璃纤维与硅烷偶联剂按质量比1：3～1：5混合于烧杯中，并向烧杯中加入玻璃纤维质量5～10倍的水，将烧杯移入数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器，于温度为40～50℃，转速为250～280r/min的条件下，恒温搅拌混合2～3h后，过滤，得滤饼，将滤饼于温度为80～90℃的条件下干燥30～40min后，得预处理玻璃纤维，将预处理玻璃纤维与橡胶混合乳液按质量比1：4～1；8混合，于温度为45～55℃的条件下恒温浸泡1～2h后，过滤，得改性玻璃纤维；将改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维按质量比1：2～1：3混合，并向改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维的混合物中加入改性玻璃纤维质量0.5～0.6倍的碳化硅纤维，于转速为150～200r/min的条件下搅拌混合20～40min，得混合纤维料，将混合纤维料经开松，梳理，铺网和针刺后制得玻璃纤维板半成品，将玻璃纤维板半成品移入压制机中，经热压和冷压后，裁剪成相应尺寸，制得改性玻璃纤维板；将氧化石墨与石蜡按质量比1：2～1：3混合加入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入氧化石墨质量3～5倍的氧化锆球磨珠，球磨混合25～40min后，出料，得预处理石墨；将海泡石与水按质量比1：5～1：8混合于烧瓶中，并向烧瓶中加入海泡石质量0.3～0.5倍的氮化硅粉末和海泡石质量0.3～0.4倍的氮化铝粉末，将烧瓶移入超声振荡仪，于频率为45～60kHz的条件下超声振荡15～25min后，过滤，得预处理海泡石，将预处理海泡石与导热油按质量比1：4～1：6混合，于温度为45～55℃的条件下混合浸泡45～55min后，过滤，得改性海泡石；按重量份数计，依次称取30～40份环氧树脂，2～3份抗氧剂，3～5份阻燃剂，7～10份预处理石墨和12～18份改性海泡石，将环氧树脂、抗氧剂、阻燃剂、预处理石墨和改性海泡石依次加入反应釜中，于温度为60～70℃，转速为200～260r/min的条进下搅拌混合45～60min，得导热胶；将导热胶移入涂布机中，以4～8μm的厚度涂布于铜箔上，得单面板，将单面板移入烘箱中，于温度为160～180℃的条件下处理4～12min后，得预处理单面板，将两块预处理单面板以导热胶相对分别贴合于改性玻璃纤维板上，得坯料，将坯料移入真空压力机中，于温度为300～350℃，压力为5～8MPa的条件下，压制成型，得覆铜板。所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-550，硅烷偶联剂KH-560或硅烷偶联剂KH-570中任意一种。所述橡胶混合乳液的制备方法为将橡胶乳液与碳化硅粉末按质量比4：1～6：1混合，并加入橡胶乳液质量0.1～0.2倍的分散剂NNO，搅拌混合，得橡胶混合乳液，所述橡胶乳液为丁腈橡胶乳液，天然橡胶乳液或硅橡胶乳液中任意一种。所述改性玻璃纤维板的厚度为3～5μm。所述石蜡为碳原子数24～30的石蜡混合物。所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010，抗氧剂1076或抗氧剂CA中任意一种。所述阻燃剂为阻燃剂BPC，阻燃剂BDP或阻燃剂PBO中任意一种。
实例1
将玻璃纤维与硅烷偶联剂按质量比1：5混合于烧杯中，并向烧杯中加入玻璃纤维质量10倍的水，将烧杯移入数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器，于温度为50℃，转速为280r/min的条件下，恒温搅拌混合3h后，过滤，得滤饼，将滤饼于温度为90℃的条件下干燥40min后，得预处理玻璃纤维，将预处理玻璃纤维与橡胶混合乳液按质量比1；8混合，于温度为55℃的条件下恒温浸泡2h后，过滤，得改性玻璃纤维；将改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维按质量比1：3混合，并向改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维的混合物中加入改性玻璃纤维质量0.6倍的碳化硅纤维，于转速为200r/min的条件下搅拌混合40min，得混合纤维料，将混合纤维料经开松，梳理，铺网和针刺后制得玻璃纤维板半成品，将玻璃纤维板半成品移入压制机中，经热压和冷压后，裁剪成相应尺寸，制得改性玻璃纤维板；将氧化石墨与石蜡按质量比1：3混合加入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入氧化石墨质量5倍的氧化锆球磨珠，球磨混合40min后，出料，得预处理石墨；将海泡石与水按质量比1：8混合于烧瓶中，并向烧瓶中加入海泡石质量0.5倍的氮化硅粉末和海泡石质量0.4倍的氮化铝粉末，将烧瓶移入超声振荡仪，于频率为60kHz的条件下超声振荡25min后，过滤，得预处理海泡石，将预处理海泡石与导热油按质量比1：6混合，于温度为55℃的条件下混合浸泡55min后，过滤，得改性海泡石；按重量份数计，依次称取40份环氧树脂，3份抗氧剂，5份阻燃剂，10份预处理石墨和18份改性海泡石，将环氧树脂、抗氧剂、阻燃剂、预处理石墨和改性海泡石依次加入反应釜中，于温度为70℃，转速为260r/min的条进下搅拌混合60min，得导热胶；将导热胶移入涂布机中，以8μm的厚度涂布于铜箔上，得单面板，将单面板移入烘箱中，于温度为180℃的条件下处理12min后，得预处理单面板，将两块预处理单面板以导热胶相对分别贴合于改性玻璃纤维板上，得坯料，将坯料移入真空压力机中，于温度为350℃，压力为8MPa的条件下，压制成型，得覆铜板。所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-550。所述橡胶混合乳液的制备方法为将橡胶乳液与碳化硅粉末按质量比6：1混合，并加入橡胶乳液质量0.2倍的分散剂NNO，搅拌混合，得橡胶混合乳液，所述橡胶乳液为丁腈橡胶乳液。所述改性玻璃纤维板的厚度为5μm。所述石蜡为碳原子数26～28的石蜡混合物。所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010。所述阻燃剂为阻燃剂BPC。
实例2
将玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维按质量比1：3混合，并向玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维的混合物中加入玻璃纤维质量0.6倍的碳化硅纤维，于转速为200r/min的条件下搅拌混合40min，得混合纤维料，将混合纤维料经开松，梳理，铺网和针刺后制得玻璃纤维板半成品，将玻璃纤维板半成品移入压制机中，经热压和冷压后，裁剪成相应尺寸，制得改性玻璃纤维板；将氧化石墨与石蜡按质量比1：3混合加入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入氧化石墨质量5倍的氧化锆球磨珠，球磨混合40min后，出料，得预处理石墨；将海泡石与水按质量比1：8混合于烧瓶中，并向烧瓶中加入海泡石质量0.5倍的氮化硅粉末和海泡石质量0.4倍的氮化铝粉末，将烧瓶移入超声振荡仪，于频率为60kHz的条件下超声振荡25min后，过滤，得预处理海泡石，将预处理海泡石与导热油按质量比1：6混合，于温度为55℃的条件下混合浸泡55min后，过滤，得改性海泡石；按重量份数计，依次称取40份环氧树脂，3份抗氧剂，5份阻燃剂，10份预处理石墨和18份改性海泡石，将环氧树脂、抗氧剂、阻燃剂、预处理石墨和改性海泡石依次加入反应釜中，于温度为70℃，转速为260r/min的条进下搅拌混合60min，得导热胶；将导热胶移入涂布机中，以8μm的厚度涂布于铜箔上，得单面板，将单面板移入烘箱中，于温度为180℃的条件下处理12min后，得预处理单面板，将两块预处理单面板以导热胶相对分别贴合于改性玻璃纤维板上，得坯料，将坯料移入真空压力机中，于温度为350℃，压力为8MPa的条件下，压制成型，得覆铜板。所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-550。所述橡胶混合乳液的制备方法为将橡胶乳液与碳化硅粉末按质量比6：1混合，并加入橡胶乳液质量0.2倍的分散剂NNO，搅拌混合，得橡胶混合乳液，所述橡胶乳液为丁腈橡胶乳液。所述改性玻璃纤维板的厚度为5μm。所述石蜡为碳原子数26～28的石蜡混合物。所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010。所述阻燃剂为阻燃剂BPC。
实例3
将玻璃纤维与硅烷偶联剂按质量比1：5混合于烧杯中，并向烧杯中加入玻璃纤维质量10倍的水，将烧杯移入数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器，于温度为50℃，转速为280r/min的条件下，恒温搅拌混合3h后，过滤，得滤饼，将滤饼于温度为90℃的条件下干燥40min后，得预处理玻璃纤维，将预处理玻璃纤维与橡胶混合乳液按质量比1；8混合，于温度为55℃的条件下恒温浸泡2h后，过滤，得改性玻璃纤维；将改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维按质量比1：3混合，于转速为200r/min的条件下搅拌混合40min，得混合纤维料，将混合纤维料经开松，梳理，铺网和针刺后制得玻璃纤维板半成品，将玻璃纤维板半成品移入压制机中，经热压和冷压后，裁剪成相应尺寸，制得改性玻璃纤维板；将氧化石墨与石蜡按质量比1：3混合加入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入氧化石墨质量5倍的氧化锆球磨珠，球磨混合40min后，出料，得预处理石墨；将海泡石与水按质量比1：8混合于烧瓶中，并向烧瓶中加入海泡石质量0.5倍的氮化硅粉末和海泡石质量0.4倍的氮化铝粉末，将烧瓶移入超声振荡仪，于频率为60kHz的条件下超声振荡25min后，过滤，得预处理海泡石，将预处理海泡石与导热油按质量比1：6混合，于温度为55℃的条件下混合浸泡55min后，过滤，得改性海泡石；按重量份数计，依次称取40份环氧树脂，3份抗氧剂，5份阻燃剂，10份预处理石墨和18份改性海泡石，将环氧树脂、抗氧剂、阻燃剂、预处理石墨和改性海泡石依次加入反应釜中，于温度为70℃，转速为260r/min的条进下搅拌混合60min，得导热胶；将导热胶移入涂布机中，以8μm的厚度涂布于铜箔上，得单面板，将单面板移入烘箱中，于温度为180℃的条件下处理12min后，得预处理单面板，将两块预处理单面板以导热胶相对分别贴合于改性玻璃纤维板上，得坯料，将坯料移入真空压力机中，于温度为350℃，压力为8MPa的条件下，压制成型，得覆铜板。所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-550。所述橡胶混合乳液的制备方法为将橡胶乳液与碳化硅粉末按质量比6：1混合，并加入橡胶乳液质量0.2倍的分散剂NNO，搅拌混合，得橡胶混合乳液，所述橡胶乳液为丁腈橡胶乳液。所述改性玻璃纤维板的厚度为5μm。所述石蜡为碳原子数26～28的石蜡混合物。所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010。所述阻燃剂为阻燃剂BPC。
实例4
将玻璃纤维与硅烷偶联剂按质量比1：5混合于烧杯中，并向烧杯中加入玻璃纤维质量10倍的水，将烧杯移入数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器，于温度为50℃，转速为280r/min的条件下，恒温搅拌混合3h后，过滤，得滤饼，将滤饼于温度为90℃的条件下干燥40min后，得预处理玻璃纤维，将预处理玻璃纤维与橡胶混合乳液按质量比1；8混合，于温度为55℃的条件下恒温浸泡2h后，过滤，得改性玻璃纤维；将改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维按质量比1：3混合，并向改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维的混合物中加入改性玻璃纤维质量0.6倍的碳化硅纤维，于转速为200r/min的条件下搅拌混合40min，得混合纤维料，将混合纤维料经开松，梳理，铺网和针刺后制得玻璃纤维板半成品，将玻璃纤维板半成品移入压制机中，经热压和冷压后，裁剪成相应尺寸，制得改性玻璃纤维板；将海泡石与水按质量比1：8混合于烧瓶中，并向烧瓶中加入海泡石质量0.5倍的氮化硅粉末和海泡石质量0.4倍的氮化铝粉末，将烧瓶移入超声振荡仪，于频率为60kHz的条件下超声振荡25min后，过滤，得预处理海泡石，将预处理海泡石与导热油按质量比1：6混合，于温度为55℃的条件下混合浸泡55min后，过滤，得改性海泡石；按重量份数计，依次称取40份环氧树脂，3份抗氧剂，5份阻燃剂和18份改性海泡石，将环氧树脂、抗氧剂、阻燃剂和改性海泡石依次加入反应釜中，于温度为70℃，转速为260r/min的条进下搅拌混合60min，得导热胶；将导热胶移入涂布机中，以8μm的厚度涂布于铜箔上，得单面板，将单面板移入烘箱中，于温度为180℃的条件下处理12min后，得预处理单面板，将两块预处理单面板以导热胶相对分别贴合于改性玻璃纤维板上，得坯料，将坯料移入真空压力机中，于温度为350℃，压力为8MPa的条件下，压制成型，得覆铜板。所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-550。所述橡胶混合乳液的制备方法为将橡胶乳液与碳化硅粉末按质量比6：1混合，并加入橡胶乳液质量0.2倍的分散剂NNO，搅拌混合，得橡胶混合乳液，所述橡胶乳液为丁腈橡胶乳液。所述改性玻璃纤维板的厚度为5μm。所述石蜡为碳原子数26～28的石蜡混合物。所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010。所述阻燃剂为阻燃剂BPC。
实例5
将玻璃纤维与硅烷偶联剂按质量比1：5混合于烧杯中，并向烧杯中加入玻璃纤维质量10倍的水，将烧杯移入数显测速恒温磁力搅拌器，于温度为50℃，转速为280r/min的条件下，恒温搅拌混合3h后，过滤，得滤饼，将滤饼于温度为90℃的条件下干燥40min后，得预处理玻璃纤维，将预处理玻璃纤维与橡胶混合乳液按质量比1；8混合，于温度为55℃的条件下恒温浸泡2h后，过滤，得改性玻璃纤维；将改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维按质量比1：3混合，并向改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维的混合物中加入改性玻璃纤维质量0.6倍的碳化硅纤维，于转速为200r/min的条件下搅拌混合40min，得混合纤维料，将混合纤维料经开松，梳理，铺网和针刺后制得玻璃纤维板半成品，将玻璃纤维板半成品移入压制机中，经热压和冷压后，裁剪成相应尺寸，制得改性玻璃纤维板；将氧化石墨与石蜡按质量比1：3混合加入球磨机中，并向球磨机中加入氧化石墨质量5倍的氧化锆球磨珠，球磨混合40min后，出料，得预处理石墨；按重量份数计，依次称取40份环氧树脂，3份抗氧剂，5份阻燃剂，10份预处理石墨，将环氧树脂、抗氧剂、阻燃剂、预处理石墨依次加入反应釜中，于温度为70℃，转速为260r/min的条进下搅拌混合60min，得导热胶；将导热胶移入涂布机中，以8μm的厚度涂布于铜箔上，得单面板，将单面板移入烘箱中，于温度为180℃的条件下处理12min后，得预处理单面板，将两块预处理单面板以导热胶相对分别贴合于改性玻璃纤维板上，得坯料，将坯料移入真空压力机中，于温度为350℃，压力为8MPa的条件下，压制成型，得覆铜板。所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-550。所述橡胶混合乳液的制备方法为将橡胶乳液与碳化硅粉末按质量比6：1混合，并加入橡胶乳液质量0.2倍的分散剂NNO，搅拌混合，得橡胶混合乳液，所述橡胶乳液为丁腈橡胶乳液。所述改性玻璃纤维板的厚度为5μm。所述石蜡为碳原子数26～28的石蜡混合物。所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010。所述阻燃剂为阻燃剂BPC。
对比例：江阴某绝缘材料有限公司生产的覆铜板。
将实例1至5所得的覆铜板及对比例产品进行性能检测，具体检测方法如下：
1.力学性能：按照GB/T 3354对试件拉伸强度进行检测；
2.绝缘性能：按照GB/T 1410对试件体积电阻率进行检测；
3.导热性能：采用台湾瑞领科技公司的LW9090IR热导率测试仪对试件进行测试。
具体检测结果如表1所示：
表1
由表1检测结果可知，本发明技术方案制备的覆铜板具有优异的绝缘性能及导热性能的特点，除此之外，其力学性能较传统的覆铜板也显著提高，在导热材料行业的发展中具有广阔的前景。

Claims (6)

1.一种覆铜板的制备方法，其特征在于具体制备步骤为：
（1）将玻璃纤维与硅烷偶联剂按质量比1：3～1：5混合，并加入玻璃纤维质量5～10倍的水，浸泡，过滤，干燥，得预处理玻璃纤维，将预处理玻璃纤维与橡胶混合乳液按质量比1：4～1：8混合，浸泡，过滤，得改性玻璃纤维；所述橡胶混合乳液的制备方法为将橡胶乳液与碳化硅粉末按质量比4：1～6：1混合，并加入橡胶乳液质量0.1～0.2倍的分散剂NNO，搅拌混合，得橡胶混合乳液，所述橡胶乳液为丁腈橡胶乳液，天然橡胶乳液或硅橡胶乳液中任意一种；
（2）将改性玻璃纤维与丙纶纤维按质量比1：2～1：3混合，并加入改性玻璃纤维质量0.5～0.6倍的碳化硅纤维，得混合纤维料，将混合纤维料经开松，梳理，铺网和针刺后制得玻璃纤维板半成品，将玻璃纤维板半成品经热压和冷压后，裁剪成相应尺寸，制得改性玻璃纤维板；
（3）将氧化石墨与石蜡按质量比1：2～1：3混合球磨，得预处理石墨；
（4）将海泡石与水按质量比1：5～1：8混合，并加入海泡石质量0.3～0.5倍的氮化硅粉末和海泡石质量0.3～0.4倍的氮化铝粉末，超声振荡后，过滤，得预处理海泡石，将预处理海泡石与导热油按质量比1：4～1：6混合浸泡后，过滤，得改性海泡石；
（5）按重量份数计，依次称取30～40份环氧树脂，2～3份抗氧剂，3～5份阻燃剂，7～10份预处理石墨和12～18份改性海泡石，将原料移入反应釜中，搅拌混合，得导热胶；
（6）将导热胶涂布于铜箔上，得单面板，将单面板干燥后，得预处理单面板，将两块预处理单面板以导热胶相对分别贴合于改性玻璃纤维板上，得坯料，将坯料于高温下压合，即得覆铜板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的覆铜板的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（1）所述硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂KH-550，硅烷偶联剂KH-560或硅烷偶联剂KH-570中任意一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的覆铜板的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（2）所述改性玻璃纤维板的厚度为3～5μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的覆铜板的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（3）所述石蜡为碳原子数24～30的石蜡混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的覆铜板的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（4）所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010，抗氧剂1076或抗氧剂CA中任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的覆铜板的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（4）所述阻燃剂为阻燃剂BPC，阻燃剂BDP或阻燃剂PBO中任意一种。
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