CN108188408A - A kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108188408A CN108188408A CN201810008492.7A CN201810008492A CN108188408A CN 108188408 A CN108188408 A CN 108188408A CN 201810008492 A CN201810008492 A CN 201810008492A CN 108188408 A CN108188408 A CN 108188408A
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/002—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof amorphous or microcrystalline
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- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
- C22C45/005—Amorphous alloys with Mg as the major constituent
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0844—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid in controlled atmosphere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/086—Cooling after atomisation
- B22F2009/0876—Cooling after atomisation by gas
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of spherical atomization magnesium-zinc alloy powders and preparation method thereof.The problem of intermetallic reaction easily occurs in alloying process for magnesium zinc, by inhibiting mutualization technology, magnesium metal and the metal material constituent element of addition in alloy is made respectively to crystallize, or only small part reacts to form interphase, it is avoided to discharge chemical inactivation caused by a large amount of reaction heat in mutualization, so as to which alloy material be made still to have the higher combustion heat, and keep good igniting, combustibility.Using more smelting furnaces, fusing and reinforcing mechanical mixing apparatus, mutualization that can inhibit in liquid metal mixed process are reacted in advance;Using anoxybiotic, closed loop preparation facilities, it can prevent magnesium and zinc from being aoxidized in preparation process;Liquid alloy can be made to be atomized into the higher spherical powder of circularities using centrifugal atomizing and ultralow temperature inert gas purge RAPID SOLIDIFICATION TECHNIQUE.The magnesium and zinc of the present invention is uniformly mixed, 13 μm~45 μm of alloy powder particle size range, circularities 0.94.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the novel fuel agent preparing technical fields in energetic material system, and in particular to a kind of spherical atomization
Magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Due to having preferable igniting and combustion characteristics, metal magnesium powder to be widely used as flammable in energetic material system
Agent.In energetic material system, water, carbon dioxide, oxygen in magnesium particle and energetic material combustion product etc. are into promoting the circulation of qi gas phase
Reaction, therefore, reaction rate depend on the gasification rate of magnesium particle.Since magnesium particle is surface gasification, so, burning speed
Rate depends primarily on the size of particle.Improve burn rate, it is necessary to reduce the size of magnesium particle.And nanometer magnesium particle activity pole
Height easily reacts with oxidizing gas, so as to make its inactivation, it is impossible to meet general storage and process conditions, meanwhile, it is difficult
To realize the effect for improving energetic material energyreleaserate.
Make magnesium particle that heat self-destruction occur in burning the purpose of the present invention is designing and preparing a kind of, become nanoscale
Particle, improve the burn rate of aluminum particulate, and then realize to the energyreleaserate of aluminum composition, firework medicament etc. substantially
Degree improves.
Non-crystaline amorphous metal is quenched and solidified by super, and atom during alloy graining is made to have little time ordered arrangement crystallization, obtains long-range
The solid alloy of disordered structure, this non-crystaline amorphous metal there is no the crystal grain of crystal alloy, crystal boundary, have many unique property
Energy.When aluminium and molten boiling point form non-crystaline amorphous metal far below the metal of aluminium, since the fusing point and boiling point difference of two kinds of metals are larger,
Its fusion process can detach under high temperature impact, and the metal of low melting point is first melted and gasified, and under thermal expansion effects, cause to close
Gold particle expansion is burst, and forms more tiny particle.Even low-boiling metal has reached boiling temperature and has gasified, in gas
Realize that more violent explosion forms more tiny particle under body expansion.
The fusing point of magnesium is 648 DEG C, and boiling point is 1107 DEG C.The fusing point and boiling point of metallic zinc are respectively 419.5 DEG C and 906 DEG C,
Its heat of fusion and heat of gasification are relatively low simultaneously, respectively 7.3kJ/mol and 115.3kJ/mol.By zinc and zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal, profit
With the molten boiling point of zinc and the characteristic of fusing and gasification, non-crystaline amorphous metal particle is made to realize heat self-destruction in ignition process, improves it
Gasification rate, so as to improve its efficiency of combustion.Meanwhile the granularity of non-crystaline amorphous metal be micron-scale, can meet it is general storage and
The requirement of technique.
Invention content
1. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder and preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that non-crystaline amorphous metal just has good
Good igniting and combustion characteristics, while be not easy to be aoxidized under general storage and process conditions.
2. a kind of as described in claim 1, spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder, middle magnesium metal and zinc can be crystallized respectively
Or form a small amount of magnesium zinc intermetallic compound.
3. a kind of as described in claim 1, spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder, wherein the content of magnesium and zinc is larger
In the range of it is adjustable, the mass content of magnesium in the alloy is 95%~55%, and the content of zinc is 5%~45%.
A kind of 4. as described in claim 1, spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder, it is characterised in that the grain of alloy powder
Range is spent between 5 μm~200 μm, and circularities are more than 0.82.
5. as described in claim 1, a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder, non-crystaline amorphous metal density value are
2.89g/cm3~4.22g/cm3, be conducive to its application in high density mixes energetic material system.
6. a kind of as described in claim 1, high chemism spherical shape atomization magnesium base amorphous alloy powder, in preparation process
It is melted in advance using anoxybiotic, closed loop, strong mechanical mixture, ingot and rapid condensation device is, it can be achieved that the high-purity alloy of alloy.
A kind of 7. spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
(1) surface of metal magnesium ingot and metal zinc ingot or respective powder cleans;
(2) valve of gas and fluid passage is opened, inert protective gas is filled with into equipment;
(3) liquid outlet valve of pre- melting furnace is closed, magnesium metal and zinc are separately added into pre- fusing furnace body, are filled with guarantor
Gas is protected, heating makes metal molten;
(4) it opens liquid and leads to valve, the dish-style mist that liquid metal magnesium and zinc are imported by proportioning is pre-seted in atomizing furnace
Change on device, sprayed after being mixed on atomizer and form spherical droplets;
(5) low temperature high-purity argon gas is passed through in atomization tank, makes atomized drop rapid condensation, forms alloy powder;
(6) alloy powder of collection is subjected to cyclonic separation and be sieved, realize grading, and pack.
A kind of 8. spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder preparation method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that institute
State pre- smelting furnace, the crucible of mechanical mixture stove be heat safe ceramic coated internal layer crucible, liquid magnesium and zinc can be effectively prevent
Dissolving to furnace body, crucible etc..
9. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder as claimed in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, feature exists
In the fusing, mixing, drainage, atomization, condensation and screening process are continuous, closed loops, and are prevented using inertia protection gas
Powder is aoxidized.
10. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder as claimed in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, feature exists
In liquid metal is introduced directly on dish-style atomizer, is in a relatively short period of time uniformly mixed mixed metal liquid, is shortened gold
Belong to the reaction time of magnesium and zinc.
11. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder as claimed in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, cold in gas
But directly cooled down to inert gas using liquid nitrogen in tower, the ultra low temperature that purge gass is made to drop to less than -80 degrees Celsius, purge gass can
Cycle, flow are adjustable in the range of 2~100L/min;
12. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder as claimed in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, the inertia
Gas is high-purity (purity is more than 99.99%) argon gas or helium etc..
13. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder as claimed in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, feature exists
In the centrifuge speed of the high speed centrifugation atomization is 3000~10000 revs/min.
14. preparation facilities is as shown in Figure 1:Metal magnesium ingot and metal zinc ingot are respectively in pre- melting furnace 1 and pre- melting furnace 2
It is melted, pre- melting furnace is heated using mid frequency radiated, while fusion process is completed under inert gas shielding.Liquid after fusing
State metal is entered by diversion pipe into atomizing furnace 3 respectively, and liquid metal is ejected shape after being mixed on dish-style atomizer
Into spherical droplets, parameter is atomized by control to control the size of droplet.Using the ultralow wet flowed out from gas colling tower
Body purges spherical droplet, makes its rapid condensation, so as to make its surface rounder and more smooth, while has higher circularities.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described.
The pre- melting furnaces 1 of Fig. 1 1-, the pre- melting furnaces 2 of 2-, 3- atomizing furnaces, 4- gas colling towers, 5- collectors
Fig. 2 atomizing furnace 1- inlet valves, 2- dish-style atomizing disks, 3- atomization furnace bodies, 4- discharge ports, 5- purge gass entrances,
6- purge gass export
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further described with reference to example.The ratio " part " that the present invention is previously mentioned is such as
Fruit does not mark particularly, as unit of quality.
Present embodiments provide a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder and preparation method thereof, component and quality hundred
It is 95%~55% to divide than being metal content of magnesium, and metal Zn content is 5%~45%.
In the implementation case, by pre- melting furnace technology and the strong machine-mixing techniques on dish-style atomizing disk, liquid is reduced
The time that state magnesium and liquid Zn coexist participates in the amount of mutualization reaction, so as to make to have in alloy a large amount of monocrystalline phase so as to reduce it
Magnesium and zinc.
The non-crystaline amorphous metal preparation method of magnesium metal zinc described in the implementation case is sprayed using high speed centrifugation by high-temperature fusion
The master alloy solution of magnesium and zinc sprays, while using RAPID SOLIDIFICATION TECHNIQUE, is just formed before cavity wall face is fallen under drop cold
Solid-state is congealed into, avoid droplets from hitting broken again with wall surface or is deformed, it is made to keep higher sphericity.
In the implementation case in magnesium metal Zinc alloy powder production procedure, metal magnesium ingot and metal zinc ingot are before heating is melted
It need to be pre-processed, to remove surface film oxide;It is heated in metal magnesium ingot and metal zinc ingot and melts, mixes, spraying, being condensed into
It is carried out under the protection of high purity inert gas during the entire process of type, avoids being aoxidized under the high temperature conditions, improved magnesium zinc and close
Active metallic content in bronze body.
Implement 1
Magnesium-zinc (80-20) alloyed powder is prepared as follows:
(1) magnesium ingot and zinc ingot metal is respectively put into after being vacuumized in two pre- melting furnaces, is purged, removed using high temperature inert gas
Remove the gas containing oxidizing atmosphere of adsorption;
(2) furnace body is heated using heating in medium frequency circle, the furnace body containing magnesium ingot is heated to 680 DEG C, the furnace body containing zinc ingot metal
650 DEG C are heated to, and is protected using argon gas;
(3) liquid magnesium and liquid Zn are passed through on the dish-style atomizer in atomizing furnace, by controlling respective flow velocity come real
Existing 80:20 quality proportioning.Magnesium liquid and zinc liquid are uniformly mixed on dish-style atomizer, are sent into forth droplet after mixing, are controlled
Atomizer frequency is 55Hz, and the size of molten drop is controlled by controlling the parameters such as centrifuge speed;
(4) by alloy droplet rapid condensation, suboxides solid spherical magnesium-zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder is formed;
(5) grading is carried out to alloy powder using vibrating screen, is sealed packaging later.
Wherein, 325 mesh sieve is crossed after screening, the granularity for sieving lower magnesium-zinc alloy powder is 7m~47 μm, and circularities 0.85 are close
It spends for 2.62g/cm3.Example 2
Magnesium-zinc (55-45) alloyed powder is prepared as follows:
(1) magnesium ingot and zinc ingot metal is respectively put into after being vacuumized in two pre- melting furnaces, is purged, removed using high temperature inert gas
Remove the gas containing oxidizing atmosphere of adsorption;
(2) furnace body is heated using heating in medium frequency circle, the furnace body containing magnesium ingot is heated to 680 DEG C, the furnace body containing zinc ingot metal
650 DEG C are heated to, and is protected using argon gas;
(3) liquid magnesium and liquid Zn are passed through on the dish-style atomizer in atomizing furnace, by controlling respective flow velocity come real
Existing 70:30 quality proportioning.Magnesium liquid and zinc liquid are uniformly mixed on dish-style atomizer, are sent into forth droplet after mixing, are controlled
Atomizer frequency is 55Hz, and the size of molten drop is controlled by controlling the parameters such as centrifuge speed;
(4) by alloy droplet rapid condensation, suboxides solid spherical magnesium-zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder is formed;
(5) grading is carried out to alloy powder using vibrating screen, is sealed packaging later.
Wherein, 325 mesh sieve is crossed after screening, the granularity for sieving lower magnesium-zinc alloy powder is 13 μm~45 μm, circularities 0.94,
Density is 3.80g/cm3。
Claims (14)
1. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder and preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that non-crystaline amorphous metal just has good
Igniting and combustion characteristics, while be not easy to be aoxidized under general storage and process conditions.
2. a kind of as described in claim 1, spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder, middle magnesium metal and zinc can respectively crystallize or shape
Into a small amount of magnesium zinc intermetallic compound.
3. a kind of as described in claim 1, spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder, wherein the content of magnesium and zinc is in wide range
Interior adjustable, the mass content of magnesium in the alloy is 95%~55%, and the content of zinc is 5%~45%.
A kind of 4. as described in claim 1, spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder, it is characterised in that the granularity model of alloy powder
It is trapped among between 5 μm~200 μm, circularities are more than 0.82.
5. a kind of as described in claim 1, spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder, non-crystaline amorphous metal density value is 2.89g/cm3
~4.22g/cm3, be conducive to its application in high density mixes energetic material system.
6. as described in claim 1, a kind of high chemism spherical shape is atomized magnesium base amorphous alloy powder, used in preparation process
Anoxybiotic, closed loop, strong mechanical mixture, ingot melt in advance and rapid condensation device is, it can be achieved that the high-purity alloy of alloy.
7. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step:
(1) surface of metal magnesium ingot and metal zinc ingot or respective powder cleans;
(2) valve of gas and fluid passage is opened, inert protective gas is filled with into equipment;
(3) liquid outlet valve of pre- melting furnace is closed, magnesium metal and zinc are separately added into pre- fusing furnace body, are filled with protection
Gas, heating make metal molten;
(4) it opens liquid and leads to valve, the dish-style atomizer that liquid metal magnesium and zinc are imported by proportioning is pre-seted in atomizing furnace
On, it is sprayed after being mixed on atomizer and forms spherical droplets;
(5) low temperature high-purity argon gas is passed through in atomization tank, makes atomized drop rapid condensation, forms alloy powder;
(6) alloy powder of collection is subjected to cyclonic separation and be sieved, realize grading, and pack.
8. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder preparation method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that described pre-
Smelting furnace, mechanical mixture stove crucible be the crucible of heat safe ceramic coated internal layer, liquid magnesium and zinc can be effectively prevent to stove
The dissolving of body, crucible etc..
A kind of 9. spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder as claimed in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that institute
It is continuous, closed loop to state fusing, mixing, drainage, atomization, condensation and screening process, and prevents powder using inertia protection gas
It is aoxidized.
10. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder as claimed in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that
Liquid metal is introduced directly on dish-style atomizer, is in a relatively short period of time uniformly mixed mixed metal liquid, is shortened metal
The reaction time of magnesium and zinc.
11. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder as claimed in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, in gas colling tower
Interior directly to be cooled down to inert gas using liquid nitrogen, the ultra low temperature that purge gass is made to drop to less than -80 degrees Celsius, purge gass can be followed
Ring, flow are adjustable in the range of 2~100L/min.
12. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder as claimed in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, the inert gas
For high-purity (purity is more than 99.99%) argon gas or helium etc..
13. a kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder as claimed in claim 7 and preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that
The centrifuge speed of the high speed centrifugation atomization is 3000~10000 revs/min.
14. preparation facilities is as shown in Figure 1:Metal magnesium ingot and metal zinc ingot carry out in pre- melting furnace 1 and pre- melting furnace 2 respectively
Fusing, pre- melting furnace is heated using mid frequency radiated, while fusion process is completed under inert gas shielding.Liquid gold after fusing
Category is entered by diversion pipe into atomizing furnace 3 respectively, and liquid metal is ejected to form ball after mixing on dish-style atomizer
Shape drop is atomized parameter to control the size of droplet by control.Using the ultralow temperature gas pair flowed out from gas colling tower
Spherical droplet is purged, and makes its rapid condensation, so as to make its surface rounder and more smooth, while has higher circularities.
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CN109014225A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Globular metallic powder preparation facilities reactor and globular metallic powder preparation facilities |
CN109702214A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-03 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of aluminium Zinc-based multi-element alloy spherical powder and the preparation method and application thereof |
CN111945025A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-17 | 北京理工大学 | Aluminum magnesium alloy powder and preparation method and application thereof |
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