CN109022826B - Reduction and refining integrated smelting system - Google Patents

Reduction and refining integrated smelting system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109022826B
CN109022826B CN201811218687.0A CN201811218687A CN109022826B CN 109022826 B CN109022826 B CN 109022826B CN 201811218687 A CN201811218687 A CN 201811218687A CN 109022826 B CN109022826 B CN 109022826B
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magnesium
pipeline
reduction
reduction tank
argon
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CN109022826A (en
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习朋欢
冯蕾
董泊宁
徐东明
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Xi'an Yinyan Magnesium Equipment Co ltd
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Xi'an Yinyan Magnesium Equipment Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B26/00Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/20Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • C22B26/22Obtaining magnesium
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Abstract

The application relates to a reduction and refining integrated smelting system which comprises a reduction tank, a vacuum unit, a cooling crystallization unit, an argon protection unit and a magnesium liquefaction collection unit, wherein the vacuum unit is arranged in the reduction tank; a heat preservation block is arranged in the upper part of the reduction tank, a reduction tank cooling water jacket is arranged outside the upper part of the reduction tank, and the upper opening of the reduction tank is sealed through a reduction tank upper cover; the reduction tank is connected with the cooling crystallization unit through a magnesium steam pipeline; the cooling crystallization unit comprises a crystallizer heater upper cover, a potassium-sodium plate, a heater and a crystallizer; the vacuum unit comprises a vacuum pipeline and a vacuum pump; the argon protection unit comprises an argon pipeline and an argon supply device; the magnesium liquefaction collecting unit comprises a high-temperature-resistant ceramic valve and a magnesium liquid pipeline, the magnesium liquid pipeline is connected with the heater, and the high-temperature-resistant ceramic valve is arranged at the inlet of the magnesium liquid pipeline and the outlet of the magnesium vapor pipeline. The application solves the problems of low magnesium recycling rate, serious pollution, dangerous operation environment and low magnesium ingot quality in the prior art.

Description

Reduction and refining integrated smelting system
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of magnesium metal smelting, and particularly relates to a reduction and refining integrated smelting system which realizes the refining and ingot casting of crude magnesium metal magnesium on the premise of meeting the energy-saving and environment-friendly requirements.
Background
The crude magnesium (crystallized magnesium) obtained by smelting magnesium by the Pidgeon process (vacuum silicon thermal process) contains a lot of metal impurities and non-metal impurities, so that the crude magnesium (crystallized magnesium) is large in volume, loose and difficult to store, store and transport, and the metal impurities can form Gu Fani battery together with magnesium to generate electrochemical corrosion, the magnesium plays an anode role, and the metal impurities such as iron and nickel play a cathode role to accelerate the corrosion of the magnesium. Therefore, the crude magnesium must be refined to meet the requirements of direct industrial use.
And (3) after the magnesium is smelted by the Pidgeon process to obtain crystalline magnesium, breaking vacuum (breaking vacuum by air), taking out the crystallizer, removing the crystalline magnesium from the crystallizer, and sending the crystalline magnesium into a refining workshop. In the refining process, firstly adding a refining solvent into a crucible, then adding crystalline magnesium, heating and melting at 750 ℃, slowly adding crystalline magnesium and a smelting solvent, keeping the temperature of magnesium liquid in the crucible at 710 ℃ when the magnesium in the crucible reaches the effective volume of the crucible, then adding the refining solvent, stirring (stirring while adding) for about 10 minutes, then raising the temperature to 740 ℃ (or 720 ℃), standing for 5-10 minutes, cooling the magnesium liquid to 710 ℃, and then preserving the heat to finish refining of crude magnesium. The magnesium burns during refining, and the solvent needs to be spread to prevent the burning of the magnesium and prevent the oxidation loss of the magnesium.
After refining, adopting a continuous ingot casting machine to cast ingot, hanging a crucible containing molten magnesium into a valve heat-preserving ladle of a turnover machine, tilting the turnover machine, injecting magnesium liquid in the crucible into an ingot mould on a mould ingot conveyor, scattering sulfur powder in the ingot casting process, enabling the sulfur powder to burn on the surface of a magnesium ingot to generate sulfur dioxide gas, preventing magnesium from being oxidized, and finishing the casting process.
The traditional refining furnace has some disadvantages in refining crude magnesium and casting process:
1. the traditional refining method adopts air to break vacuum, crude magnesium is taken out of a crystallizer and is refined, magnesium in the crystallizer is combusted with oxygen and nitrogen in the air to generate MgO and MgN in the process of breaking vacuum of a reduction furnace, the yield of Mg is reduced, and smoke dust is generated to pollute the environment; 2. the recovery rate of refined magnesium in the traditional refining process is generally about 94% (Zhu Danqing. Shallow-talking magnesium refining process and design by a silicon heat method, light metal 1996 (5) 42-48) has higher magnesium content in refining slag, wastes resources and pollutes the environment; 3. in the refining process, a refining crucible is required to be taken and placed by a travelling crane, and the operation process is dangerous; 4. the refining process is discontinuous, and a large amount of Mg is oxidized and lost in the transferring and smelting processes; 5. the refining solvent added in the refining process is a No. 2 solvent, toxic and harmful smoke dust can be generated in the solvent adding process, the smoke dust can not be effectively collected and treated, the operating environment of workers is poor, and the pollution is serious; 6. mg is easy to oxidize in the casting process, and the quality of cast ingots is reduced; sulfur powder is scattered in the ingot casting process to generate sulfur dioxide gas, so that the environment is polluted; 7. the purity of the magnesium ingot obtained by solvent refining casting is only 99.95%, and the quality is low; 8. the crystallizer of the conventional vertical reduction tank is arranged in the cooling water jacket of the reduction tank, and part of impurities are carried in the rising process of magnesium vapor, so that the purity of crystallized magnesium is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a metal magnesium refining and continuous casting system, which solves the problems of low magnesium recycling rate, serious pollution, dangerous operation environment and low magnesium ingot quality in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a reduction and refining integrated smelting system comprises a reduction tank, a vacuum unit, a cooling crystallization unit, an argon protection unit and a magnesium liquefaction collection unit; a heat insulation block is arranged in the upper part of the reduction tank, a reduction tank cooling water jacket is arranged outside the upper part of the reduction tank, and the upper opening of the reduction tank is sealed through a reduction tank upper cover; the reduction tank is connected with the cooling crystallization unit through a magnesium vapor pipeline; the cooling crystallization unit comprises a crystallizer heater upper cover, a potassium-sodium plate, a heater and a crystallizer, wherein the crystallizer is arranged in the heater, the potassium-sodium plate is arranged at the upper end of the crystallizer, and the heater upper cover is arranged at the upper opening of the heater; the vacuum unit comprises a vacuum pipeline and a vacuum pump, and the heater is connected with the vacuum pump through the vacuum pipeline; the argon protection unit comprises an argon pipeline and an argon supply device, and the heater argon pipeline is connected with the argon supply device; the magnesium liquefaction collecting unit comprises a high-temperature-resistant ceramic valve and a magnesium liquid pipeline, the magnesium liquid pipeline is connected with the heater, and the high-temperature-resistant ceramic valve is arranged at the inlet of the magnesium liquid pipeline and the outlet of the magnesium vapor pipeline.
Further, the reduction tanks are arranged in a plurality, the magnesium vapor pipeline comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section, the reduction tanks are connected with the vertical section of the magnesium vapor pipeline through pipelines, and the horizontal section of the magnesium vapor pipeline is connected with the intermediate frequency furnace.
Furthermore, the crystallizer is made of non-electromagnetic induction heating materials.
Furthermore, the crystallizer is made of graphite materials.
Further, the magnesium liquid protection pipeline and the magnesium vapor pipeline comprise pipeline bodies, heat-insulating cotton and heating devices; the heat preservation cotton is wrapped outside the pipeline body, and the heating device heats the pipeline body at intervals.
Further, the heat preservation block is made of aluminum silicate fiber plates.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
the application adopts the structure that the crystallizer is externally arranged (placed outside the reduction tank), and impurities in magnesium vapor automatically settle when passing through the magnesium vapor pipeline, thereby playing a role in filtering impurities and ensuring better quality of crystallized crude magnesium. The argon is used for breaking vacuum, so that the contact between crude magnesium and air is avoided, and dust and MgO produced in the vacuum breaking process are avoided; crude magnesium on the crystallizer is directly heated and liquefied in an argon environment, a refining solvent is not required to be added, the crude magnesium is not contacted with air, the quality of magnesium is ensured, no pollutant is generated, and the operation is simple; the magnesium liquid in the heat preservation pipeline always flows into the casting machine under the protection of argon, and is cast under the protection of the argon, so that the pollution of sulfur dioxide gas caused by using sulfur powder is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reduction and refining integrated smelting system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a magnesium liquid conduit and a magnesium vapor conduit of the present application;
in the figure, a 1-vacuum pump, a 2-vacuum pipeline, a 3-heater upper cover, a 4-potassium sodium plate, a 5-heater, a 6-crystallizer, a 7-high temperature resistant ceramic valve, an 8-magnesium liquid pipeline, a 9-argon pipeline, a 10-argon supply device, a 11-reduction tank upper cover, a 12-reduction tank cooling water jacket, a 13-heat insulation block, a 14-reduction tank, a 15-magnesium steam pipeline, a 16-pipeline body, 17-heat insulation cotton and an 18-heating device.
Detailed Description
The application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings by means of specific embodiments. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered alike in association. In the following embodiments, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, one skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted, or replaced by other elements, materials, or methods in different situations. In some instances, related operations of the present application have not been shown or described in the specification in order to avoid obscuring the core portions of the present application, and may be unnecessary to persons skilled in the art from a detailed description of the related operations, which may be presented in the description and general knowledge of one skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, a reduction and refining integrated smelting system includes a reduction tank 14, a vacuum unit, a cooling crystallization unit, an argon protection unit, and a magnesium liquefaction collection unit; a heat preservation block 13 is arranged in the upper part of the reduction tank 14, a reduction tank cooling water jacket 12 is arranged outside the upper part of the reduction tank 14, and the upper opening of the reduction tank 14 is sealed by an original tank upper cover 11; the reduction tank 14 is connected with a cooling crystallization unit through a magnesium vapor pipeline 15; the cooling crystallization unit comprises a crystallizer heater upper cover 3, a potassium-sodium plate 4, a heater 5 and a crystallizer 6, wherein the crystallizer 6 is arranged in the heater 5, the potassium-sodium plate 4 is arranged at the upper end of the crystallizer 6, and the heater upper cover 3 is arranged at the upper opening of the heater 5; the vacuum unit comprises a vacuum pipeline 2 and a vacuum pump 1, and the heater 5 is connected with the vacuum pump 1 through the vacuum pipeline 2; the argon protection unit comprises an argon pipeline 9 and an argon supply device 10, and the argon pipeline 9 of the heater 5 is connected with the argon supply device 10; the magnesium liquefaction collecting unit comprises a high-temperature-resistant ceramic valve 7 and a magnesium liquid pipeline 8, the magnesium liquid pipeline 8 is connected with the heater 5, and the high-temperature-resistant ceramic valve 7 is arranged at an outlet of the magnesium liquid pipeline 8.
The two reduction tanks 14 are provided, the magnesium vapor pipeline 15 comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section, the two reduction tanks 14 are connected with the vertical section of the magnesium vapor pipeline 15 through a three-way valve, and the horizontal section of the magnesium vapor pipeline 15 is connected with the heater 5.
Referring to fig. 2, the magnesium liquid pipeline 8 and the magnesium vapor pipeline 15 comprise a pipeline body 16, heat preservation cotton 17 and a heating device 18; the heat preservation cotton 17 is wrapped outside the pipeline body 16, and the heating device 18 heats the pipeline body 16 at intervals.
The following describes the use of the device of the application:
the application adopts a structure that a crystallizer is externally arranged (placed outside a reduction tank), when the reduction reaction is carried out, a high-temperature resistant ceramic valve 7 of a magnesium vapor pipeline is opened, and magnesium vapor enters a crystallizer 6 through a magnesium vapor pipeline 15 to be cooled and crystallized. Impurities in the magnesium vapor self-settle when passing through the vertical section of the magnesium vapor pipeline 15, and the impurities are filtered. After the reduction reaction is finished, argon in the argon supply device 10 is used for breaking vacuum, so that crude magnesium is prevented from contacting with air, and dust and MgO produced in the vacuum breaking process are avoided; after the vacuum breaking is finished, the high-temperature-resistant ceramic valve 7 on the magnesium vapor pipeline 15 is closed, the heater 5 is started after the high-temperature-resistant ceramic valve 7 on the magnesium liquid pipeline 8 is opened, crude magnesium on the crystallizer is directly heated and liquefied in an argon environment to enter the magnesium liquid pipeline 8, the magnesium liquid in the magnesium liquid pipeline 8 always flows into the continuous casting machine under the protection of argon, and casting is performed under the protection of argon, so that sulfur dioxide gas pollution caused by using sulfur powder is avoided.
The reduction and refining integrated smelting system provided by the application has the following innovation points for the traditional reduction tank and crystallization system: 1. reducing the water jacket height of the reduction tank, and placing aluminum silicate fiber cotton at the bottom of the water jacket to prevent magnesium vapor from crystallizing at the water jacket; 2. changing the material of the crystallizer, adopting graphite and other materials which cannot be heated by electromagnetic induction, placing the crystallizer above the outside of the reduction tank, so that impurities in magnesium vapor automatically settle in a pipeline, achieving the effect of secondary purification and improving the purity of crystallized magnesium; 3. the heat preservation design is carried out on the magnesium vapor/magnesium liquid pipeline, and the pipeline is heated at intervals/continuously by adopting the heating device, so that the temperature of the magnesium liquid/magnesium vapor in the pipeline is ensured, and magnesium crystallization or solidification is prevented.
The foregoing description of the application has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be limiting. Several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may also be made by a person skilled in the art to which the application pertains, based on the idea of the application.

Claims (3)

1. A reduction and refining integrated smelting system is characterized in that: comprises a reduction tank (14), a vacuum unit, a cooling crystallization unit, an argon protection unit and a magnesium liquefaction collection unit; a heat insulation block (13) is arranged in the upper part of the reduction tank (14), a reduction tank cooling water jacket (12) is arranged outside the upper part of the reduction tank (14), and the upper opening of the reduction tank (14) is sealed through a reduction tank upper cover (11); the reduction tank (14) is connected with the cooling crystallization unit through a magnesium vapor pipeline (15); the cooling crystallization unit comprises a crystallizer intermediate frequency furnace upper cover (3), a potassium-sodium plate (4), an intermediate frequency furnace (5) and a crystallizer (6), wherein the crystallizer (6) is arranged in the intermediate frequency furnace (5), the potassium-sodium plate (4) is arranged at the upper end of the crystallizer (6), and the intermediate frequency furnace upper cover (3) is arranged at the upper opening of the intermediate frequency furnace (5); the vacuum unit comprises a vacuum pipeline (2) and a vacuum pump (1), and the intermediate frequency furnace (5) is connected with the vacuum pump (1) through the vacuum pipeline (2); the argon protection unit comprises an argon pipeline 9 and an argon supply device (10), and the argon pipeline (9) of the intermediate frequency furnace (5) is connected with the argon supply device (10); the magnesium liquefaction collecting unit comprises a high-temperature-resistant ceramic valve (7) and a magnesium liquid protection pipeline (8), the magnesium liquid protection pipeline (8) is connected with the intermediate frequency furnace (5), and the high-temperature-resistant ceramic valve (7) is arranged at the inlet of the magnesium liquid protection pipeline (8) and the outlet of the magnesium vapor pipeline (15);
the crystallizer (6) is made of graphite;
the magnesium liquid protection pipeline (8) and the magnesium vapor pipeline (15) comprise a pipeline body (16), heat preservation cotton (17) and a heating device (18); the heat preservation cotton (17) is wrapped outside the pipeline body (16), and the heating device (18) heats the pipeline body (6) at intervals.
2. The reduction and refining integrated smelting system according to claim 1, wherein: the reduction tanks (14) are arranged in a plurality, the magnesium vapor pipeline (15) comprises a vertical section and a horizontal section, the reduction tanks (14) are connected with the vertical section of the magnesium vapor pipeline (15) through pipelines, and the horizontal section of the magnesium vapor pipeline (15) is connected with the intermediate frequency furnace (5).
3. The reduction and refining integrated smelting system according to claim 2, wherein: the heat insulation block (13) is made of aluminum silicate fiber plates.
CN201811218687.0A 2018-10-19 2018-10-19 Reduction and refining integrated smelting system Active CN109022826B (en)

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CN109022826B true CN109022826B (en) 2023-11-24

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110863118B (en) * 2019-11-27 2021-11-05 国科镁业科技(河南)有限公司 Application of nickel-based filter material in gas-phase magnesium purification and production system comprising same
CN111778410A (en) * 2020-07-07 2020-10-16 西安银研镁业装备有限公司 Clean vacuum pyrometallurgical zinc smelting device and zinc smelting method
CN113774235B (en) * 2021-08-25 2022-06-21 西安交通大学 Method and device for intermittently and continuously extracting crystallized magnesium in Pidgeon magnesium smelting
CN113737019B (en) * 2021-08-25 2022-06-21 西安交通大学 Method and device for continuously extracting crystallized magnesium in Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at high temperature

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1827808A (en) * 2006-03-24 2006-09-06 东北大学 Inner resistance heating metallothermic reduction furnace for melting magnesium
CN201942729U (en) * 2010-12-13 2011-08-24 昆明理工大学 Semi-continuous vacuum induction heating magnesium reduction furnace
CN201981246U (en) * 2011-02-25 2011-09-21 王全祥 Reduction furnace device for vacuum-thermal reduction of metallic magnesium
CN105950889A (en) * 2016-06-29 2016-09-21 狄保法 Electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system and magnesium smelting method thereof
CN106191467A (en) * 2016-07-12 2016-12-07 吉林市润成膜科技有限公司 A kind of method that former Smelting magnesium prepares porous silicon simultaneously
CN108188408A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-06-22 北京理工大学 A kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder and preparation method thereof
CN209052749U (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-07-02 西安银研镁业装备有限公司 A kind of reduction refining integration smelting system

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1827808A (en) * 2006-03-24 2006-09-06 东北大学 Inner resistance heating metallothermic reduction furnace for melting magnesium
CN201942729U (en) * 2010-12-13 2011-08-24 昆明理工大学 Semi-continuous vacuum induction heating magnesium reduction furnace
CN201981246U (en) * 2011-02-25 2011-09-21 王全祥 Reduction furnace device for vacuum-thermal reduction of metallic magnesium
CN105950889A (en) * 2016-06-29 2016-09-21 狄保法 Electric arc furnace vacuum magnesium smelting system and magnesium smelting method thereof
CN106191467A (en) * 2016-07-12 2016-12-07 吉林市润成膜科技有限公司 A kind of method that former Smelting magnesium prepares porous silicon simultaneously
CN108188408A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-06-22 北京理工大学 A kind of spherical atomization magnesium zinc non-crystaline amorphous metal powder and preparation method thereof
CN209052749U (en) * 2018-10-19 2019-07-02 西安银研镁业装备有限公司 A kind of reduction refining integration smelting system

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