CN108180108B - A kind of MPPT wireless sensor wind collecting method based on resistance emulation - Google Patents
A kind of MPPT wireless sensor wind collecting method based on resistance emulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108180108B CN108180108B CN201711346560.2A CN201711346560A CN108180108B CN 108180108 B CN108180108 B CN 108180108B CN 201711346560 A CN201711346560 A CN 201711346560A CN 108180108 B CN108180108 B CN 108180108B
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of MPPT wireless sensor wind collecting method based on resistance emulation, the energy that mini fan generates becomes direct current after AC-DC MOSFET rectification, then is supplied to load end after DC-DC boost converter；Pass through the voltage V after the output end acquisition rectification of voltage and current sensing loopsWith electric current Is, VsAnd IsRespectively V is generated after operational amplifier is handledfbAnd Ifb, MPP tracking and control loop are to RoptAnd RfbIt is compared, the error R of generationerrV is generated after proportional and integral controller is handledmppt；PWM generates circuit according to VmpptGenerate square wave control signal；Using square wave control signal as the gate signal of DC-DC boost converter, its output voltage V is adjustedoutWith output electric current Iout, so that the equivalent impedance of load end is equal to Ropt.The present invention can be realized application of the MPPT technique in mini fan wind collecting, and the working life of Lai Yanchang WSNs reduces the maintenance cost of equipment, increases economic efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking, maximum works based on resistance emulation
The tracking of rate point) wireless sensor wind collecting method, it is application of the MPPT technique based on resistance emulation in mini fan, belongs to
In WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks, wireless sensor network) wind collecting field.
Background technique
Instantly, WSNs wind collecting has certain research, but the efficient spatial run at low wind speeds for one
WEH (miniature wind collecting) system, the alternating voltage peak generated by wind-driven generator 1 to 3V, therefore, in AC-DC
It is challenging in rectifier using conventional diode, there is diode the voltage drop about 0.7 of a high-voltage state to arrive
1V by the ac voltage rectifier of short arc and is converted into a kind of available form of electronic circuit.Another is challenging to ask
Topic is, by WEH system acquisition for driving the electrical power of wireless sensor node usually very low, only reach milliwatt rank or
Less.If wechat blower is not run in maximum power point, such case can become even worse.Therefore, most important problem is
A kind of efficient power inverter and its micro-move device related to electronic circuit and comprising MPPT algorithm are developed, for tracking and protecting
The peak power output of wind-driven generator is held to maintain operation of the wireless sensor node under many different operating conditions.
Currently, MPPT technique has been widely used for large-scale WEH system, for acquiring more energy from environment
Amount.However, these MPPT techniques need very high computing capability to realize accurate and accurate MPP tracking target.Small-scale
In WEH, to realize that such accurate MPPT technique, energy consumed by complicated MPPT circuit are significantly larger than collected energy
Itself, therefore this method is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of based on resistance emulation
MPPT wireless sensor wind collecting method, by load impedance come the source impedance of simulates blower fan, so that power supply and load
Between can reach good impedance matching, allow collected power to be all maximum value under any operating air velocity.
Technical solution: to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
The present invention is from the practical application of mini fan wind collecting, by the research to mini fan operation characteristic,
It is proposed that a kind of resistance emulation mode, basic principle are effectively to control load impedance to simulate the source impedance of mini fan with this in electricity
Reach good impedance matching between source and load, therefore, collected power is all its maximum under any operating air velocity
Value.
A kind of MPPT wireless sensor wind collecting method based on resistance emulation, under a certain wind speed, mini fan is produced
Raw energy becomes direct current after AC-DC MOSFET rectification, is filtered by capacitor C in parallel, shaping and promotion are averaged
Value, is most supplied to load end after DC-DC boost converter (boost chopper converter) afterwards；It is sensed back by voltage and current
Voltage V after the output end acquisition rectification on roadsWith electric current Is, VsAnd IsRespectively V is generated after operational amplifier is handledfbAnd Ifb, will
VfbAnd IfbMPP tracking and control loop are supplied to as feedback signal；According toObtain feedback resistance Rfb, MPP tracking
With control loop to the optimal load R of mini fanoptAnd RfbIt is compared, the error R of generationerrAt proportional and integral controller
V is generated after reasonmppt, VmpptFor in the P-V curve of the mini fan under current wind speed, with source impedance R=RoptCorresponding voltage
Value；PWM (pulse width modulation) generates circuit according to VmpptGenerate square wave control signal；Using square wave control signal as DC-DC
The gate signal of boost converter adjusts the output voltage V of DC-DC boost converteroutWith output electric current Iout, so that load
The equivalent impedance of (supercapacitor, power management unit, sensor node) is held to be equal to Ropt, reach mini fan source impedance with
The purpose that load impedance matches guarantees that WSNs can be collected more so that mini fan be made to operate at maximum power point
Energy.
Specifically, the optimal load R of the mini fanoptIt is obtained by following process:
(S1) voltage V, electric current I and output power P of the mini fan under different wind speed and loading condition are obtained；
(S2) gather source impedanceDraw the P-V curve, P-I curve and P-R curve of different wind speed；
(S3) to the P-R curve of different wind speed, source impedance corresponding to maximum power and maximum power is found respectively, it will most
High-power corresponding source impedance is denoted as the optimal load impedance under corresponding wind speed；
(S4) whether the optimal load impedance under more different wind speed is in Ropt-δ1≤Ropt≤Ropt+δ2In range: if,
Then enter step (S5)；Otherwise, return step (S1)；RoptFor optimal load, δ1And δ2For optimal load RoptThe fluctuation model of permission
It encloses；
(S5) R is found in P-V curve and P-I curve respectivelyoptVoltage V corresponding to (maximum power point)mpptAnd electric current
Imppt。
The utility model has the advantages that the MPPT wireless sensor wind collecting method provided by the invention based on resistance emulation, makes miniature
Blower operates at maximum power point always, to acquire more energy to maintain the operation of wireless sensor node, also solves
Traditional MPPT algorithm circuit of having determined consumes energy high problem, under space and all limited situation of energy, is guaranteeing that precision is up to standard
Under the premise of, energy consumption is reduced as far as possible, improves efficiency；The present invention is able to extend the working life of WSNs, reduces equipment
Maintenance cost is increased economic efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is implementation flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is electrical block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of voltage and current sensing loop；
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of MPP tracking and control loop；
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram that PWM generates circuit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is as shown in Figure 1 a kind of MPPT wireless sensor wind collecting method based on resistance emulation, includes the following steps:
(S1) voltage V and electric current I of the mini fan under different wind speed and loading condition are obtained, formula P=UI is being based on
Calculate output power P corresponding to each case；
(S2) gather source impedanceDraw the P-V curve, P-I curve and P-R curve of different wind speed；
(S3) to the P-R curve of different wind speed, source impedance corresponding to maximum power and maximum power is found respectively, it will most
High-power corresponding source impedance is denoted as the optimal load impedance under corresponding wind speed；
(S4) whether the optimal load impedance under more different wind speed is in Ropt-δ1≤Ropt≤Ropt+δ2In range: if,
Then enter step (S5)；Otherwise, return step (S1) re-measures and calculates the accuracy to guarantee experimental result；RoptFor most
Excellent load (mini fan only one optimal load), δ1And δ2For optimal load RoptThe fluctuation range of permission；
(S5) R is found in P-V curve and P-I curve respectivelyoptVoltage V corresponding to (maximum power point)mpptAnd electric current
Imppt。
(S6) according to Ropt、VmpptWith Imppt, control circuit is designed, specifically:
(S61) energy that mini fan generates becomes direct current after AC-DC MOSFET rectification, by capacitor C in parallel into
Row filtering (the residual Alternating Component after rectification is bypassed reflux using the characteristic of capacitor separated by direct communication), shaping are (after rectification
Output is the DC voltage of pulsation, output voltage stabilization can be made smooth in one using the charge-discharge characteristic (height fills low put) of capacitor
Average value) and promote average value (because rectification output is pulsation, therefore to be lower than former ac voltage many for mean effective value, subtract
The forward voltage drop of rectifying tube is gone, whole efficiency is just very low, and the peak charge characteristic of capacitor (both end voltage can reach to peak value)
Output voltage can be made close to the peak value (1.414 times of original exchange) of former pulsating volage, to improve average value), most pass through afterwards
Load end is supplied to after DC-DC boost converter；
(S62) pass through the voltage V after the output end acquisition rectification of voltage and current sensing loopsWith electric current Is, VsAnd IsRespectively
V is generated from after operational amplifier is handledfbAnd Ifb, by VfbAnd IfbMPP tracking and control loop are supplied to as feedback signal；
(S63) basisObtain feedback resistance Rfb, MPP tracking and control loop are to RoptAnd RfbIt is compared, produces
Raw error RerrV is generated after proportional and integral controller is handledmppt；Proportional and integral controller has proportional controller and integral concurrently
The advantages of adjuster, proportional parts can respond rapidly to control action, and integral part then finally eliminates steady-state deviation, to ensure that
The high efficiency of MPP tracking and control.
(S64) PWM generates circuit according to VmpptGenerate square wave control signal；
(S65) using square wave control signal as the gate signal of DC-DC boost converter, DC-DC boost transformation is adjusted
The output voltage V of deviceoutWith output electric current Iout, so that the equivalent impedance of load end is equal to Ropt, reach mini fan source impedance with
The purpose that load impedance matches guarantees that WSNs can be collected more so that mini fan be made to operate at maximum power point
Energy；
(S66) when the output of mini fan changes (for example wind speed changes), then return step (S62).
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of MPPT wireless sensor wind collecting method based on resistance emulation, it is characterised in that: micro- under a certain wind speed
The energy that type blower generates becomes direct current after AC-DC MOSFET rectification, is filtered, shaping and is mentioned by capacitor C in parallel
Peaceful mean value is most supplied to load end after DC-DC boost converter afterwards；Pass through the output end of voltage and current sensing loop
Voltage V after acquisition rectificationsWith electric current Is, VsAnd IsRespectively V is generated after operational amplifier is handledfbAnd Ifb, by VfbAnd IfbMake
MPP tracking and control loop are supplied to for feedback signal；According toObtain feedback resistance Rfb, MPP track and control back
Optimal load R of the road to mini fanoptAnd RfbIt is compared, the error R of generationerrIt is generated after proportional and integral controller is handled
Vmppt；PWM generates circuit according to VmpptGenerate square wave control signal；Using square wave control signal as DC-DC boost converter
Gate signal adjusts the output voltage V of DC-DC boost converteroutWith output electric current Iout, so that the equivalent impedance etc. of load end
In Ropt；VmpptFor in the P-V curve of the mini fan under current wind speed, with source impedance R=RoptCorresponding voltage value；
The optimal load R of the mini fanoptIt is obtained by following process:
(S1) voltage V, electric current I and output power P of the mini fan under different wind speed and loading condition are obtained；
(S2) gather source impedanceDraw the P-V curve, P-I curve and P-R curve of different wind speed；
(S3) to the P-R curve of different wind speed, source impedance corresponding to maximum power and maximum power is found respectively, by maximum work
Source impedance corresponding to rate is denoted as the optimal load impedance under corresponding wind speed；
(S4) whether the optimal load impedance under more different wind speed is in Ropt-δ1≤Ropt≤Ropt+δ2In range: if, into
Enter step (S5)；Otherwise, return step (S1)；RoptFor optimal load, δ1And δ2For optimal load RoptThe fluctuation range of permission；
(S5) R is found in P-V curve and P-I curve respectivelyoptCorresponding voltage VmpptWith electric current Imppt。
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008138636A (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-19 | Tokyo Metropolitan Univ | Wind power generation system |
| CN103166557A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-19 | 中山北京理工大学研究院 | Small wind power generation power controller |
| CN103384079A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-11-06 | 合肥为民电源有限公司 | Method and circuit for tracking maximum power of small and medium-sized direct-driven wind power generation systems |
| CN205490276U (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-17 | 国网青海省电力公司 | Small -size permanent -magnet direct -drive aerogenerator's MPPT controlling means based on FPGA |
| ES2586977A1 (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2016-10-19 | Universidad De Huelva | Method of modeling of photovoltaic generators and follower of the point of maximum power of a photovoltaic generator (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9141123B2 (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2015-09-22 | Volterra Semiconductor LLC | Maximum power point tracking controllers and associated systems and methods |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008138636A (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-19 | Tokyo Metropolitan Univ | Wind power generation system |
| CN103166557A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-19 | 中山北京理工大学研究院 | Small wind power generation power controller |
| CN103384079A (en) * | 2013-08-12 | 2013-11-06 | 合肥为民电源有限公司 | Method and circuit for tracking maximum power of small and medium-sized direct-driven wind power generation systems |
| ES2586977A1 (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2016-10-19 | Universidad De Huelva | Method of modeling of photovoltaic generators and follower of the point of maximum power of a photovoltaic generator (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN205490276U (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-08-17 | 国网青海省电力公司 | Small -size permanent -magnet direct -drive aerogenerator's MPPT controlling means based on FPGA |
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