CN203586455U - Photovoltaic air conditioning system - Google Patents
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- CN203586455U CN203586455U CN201320818220.6U CN201320818220U CN203586455U CN 203586455 U CN203586455 U CN 203586455U CN 201320818220 U CN201320818220 U CN 201320818220U CN 203586455 U CN203586455 U CN 203586455U
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- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a photovoltaic air conditioning system. This photovoltaic air conditioning system includes: a solar cell array; the converter unit is connected between the solar cell array and a public power grid and is provided with a first direct current bus, a voltage regulating module and a rectification inversion grid-connected module which are connected through the first direct current bus, and a first controller which is connected with the voltage regulating module and the rectification inversion grid-connected module; and the air conditioning unit is provided with a second direct current bus connected to the first direct current bus, an inversion module and a switching power supply which are connected with the second direct current bus, and a second controller. Through the utility model discloses, solved the unable problem of operation from the net of photovoltaic air conditioning system among the prior art, reached and reduced the reliance of photovoltaic air conditioning system to the electric wire netting, still reduced photovoltaic air conditioning system's cost simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an air conditioner field particularly, relates to a photovoltaic air conditioning system.
Background
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic air conditioning system in the prior art, and as shown in fig. 1, the entire system mainly includes a solar cell array 10, an air conditioning inverter 20, and a first dc bus L1, where the air conditioning inverter 20 includes a rectification inversion grid-connection module 21, an inversion power module 22, and a second dc bus L2. The method is characterized in that:
a) the direct current generated by the solar cell array 10 enters the air-conditioning inverter 20 through the first direct current bus L1.
b) The rectification inversion grid-connected module 21 and the inversion power module 22 included in the air-conditioning inverter 20 are connected through a second direct current bus L2, and the first direct current bus L1 is further connected with a second direct current bus L2.
c) The rectification inversion grid connection module 21 can perform rectification and inversion grid connection switching according to the power provided by the solar battery array 10 and the power required by the air conditioning unit 40. The rectification inversion grid-connected module 21 realizes Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of the solar cell array.
d) The low-voltage direct-current working power of the rectification inversion grid-connection module 21 and the inversion power module 22 in the air-conditioning frequency converter 20 is provided by a rectification module (AC/DC module), and the input power of the AC/DC module is provided by a public power grid 30.
e) System load (e.g., surge, scavenge, etc.) power for the air conditioning unit 40 is provided from the utility grid 30 single phase power (220 VAC).
The photovoltaic air conditioning system has the following disadvantages:
1) because the output of the solar cell array 10 is directly connected to the rectification inversion grid-connected module 21, and the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of the solar cell array 10 is realized by the rectification inversion grid-connected module 21, the output voltage of the solar cell array 10 is determined by the rectification inversion grid-connected module 21, and when the utility grid 30 is powered off, the rectification inversion grid-connected module 21 is also powered off, and cannot normally work, that is, the output power of the solar cell array 10 cannot be controlled. Even if the external working power supply can be connected to the rectification inversion grid-connected module 21, the output voltage of the solar cell array 10 cannot be controlled in a very wide range, that is, the off-grid operation of the air conditioning unit cannot be satisfied.
2) The switching power supply which supplies a low-voltage direct-current working power supply to each module of the whole system gets the alternating current from the public power grid 30, and each module of the system cannot work after the public power grid 30 is powered off.
Aiming at the problem that a photovoltaic air conditioning system cannot be operated off-grid in the related art, an effective solution is not provided at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
A primary object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic air conditioning system to solve the problem that the photovoltaic air conditioning system can not be operated off-grid in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to the utility model discloses, a photovoltaic air conditioning system is provided, include: a solar cell array; the converter unit is connected between the solar cell array and a public power grid and is provided with a first direct current bus, a voltage regulating module and a rectification inversion grid-connected module which are connected through the first direct current bus, and a first controller which is connected with the voltage regulating module and the rectification inversion grid-connected module, wherein the first controller is used for regulating the output power of the solar cell array; and the air conditioning unit is provided with a second direct current bus connected to the first direct current bus, an inversion module and a switching power supply which are connected with the second direct current bus, and a second controller, wherein the switching power supply is connected with the inversion module, the second controller and the load, and the second controller is used for adjusting the operating power of the air conditioning unit.
Further, the voltage regulation module is a Boost module.
Further, the Boost module comprises a power switch device, wherein the first controller controls the output power of the solar cell array by controlling the power switch device.
Further, the converter unit is a bidirectional converter unit.
Further, the bidirectional converter unit comprises an outage detection module, wherein the bidirectional converter unit cuts off the connection with the utility grid under the condition that the outage detection module detects the outage of the utility grid.
Further, the load includes compressor and fan, and the contravariant module includes: the input end of the compressor inversion module is connected with the second direct current bus, and the output end of the compressor inversion module is connected with the compressor; and the input end of the fan inversion module is connected with the second direct current bus, and the output end of the fan inversion module is connected with the fan.
Further, the photovoltaic air conditioning system further includes: and the confluence unit is connected between the solar cell array and the current transformation unit.
Further, the air conditioning unit is a multi-connected air conditioning unit.
Further, the air conditioning unit also comprises a load, and the switching power supply provides direct current for the second controller, the inversion module and the load.
The utility model discloses a photovoltaic air conditioning system with following structure: a solar cell array; a utility grid; the converter unit is connected between the solar cell array and a public power grid and is provided with a first direct current bus, a voltage regulating module and a rectification inversion grid-connected module which are connected through the first direct current bus, and a first controller which is connected with the voltage regulating module and the rectification inversion grid-connected module, wherein the first controller is used for regulating the output power of the solar cell array; and the air conditioning unit is provided with a second direct current bus connected to the first direct current bus, an inversion module, a switching power supply, a second controller and a load, wherein the inversion module and the switching power supply are connected with the second direct current bus, the load is connected with the inversion module and the second controller, the switching power supply is connected with the inversion module, the second controller and the load, and the second controller is used for adjusting the running power of the air conditioning unit.
With the photovoltaic air conditioning system with the structure, when the air conditioning unit stops operating, the converter unit operates in an inversion state, and all output power of the solar cell array is fed back to the public power grid; when the solar cell array does not generate electricity, the converter unit operates in a full-control rectification state, and the air conditioning unit completely uses a public power grid power supply; when the output power of the solar cell array is greater than the consumed power of the air conditioning unit, part of the solar power is used for meeting the total consumption of the air conditioning unit, and the redundant part is inverted to the public power grid by the converter unit without a storage battery; when the output power of the solar cell array is smaller than the consumed power of the air conditioning unit, all the solar power is used for the air conditioning unit to consume, and the insufficient energy is complemented from the public power grid by the converter unit. When the output power of the solar cell array is equal to the consumption power of the air conditioning unit, the whole solar power is used for consumption of the air conditioning unit. It can be seen that the photovoltaic air conditioning system with the structure can adjust the output power of the solar cell array through the first controller in the converter unit without increasing storage battery energy under the condition of off-grid (no power grid or power grid outage), the second controller adjusts the operating power of the air conditioning unit, the normal operation of the photovoltaic air conditioning system can still be ensured, the problem that the photovoltaic air conditioning system cannot operate off-grid in the prior art is solved, the dependence of the photovoltaic air conditioning system on the power grid is reduced, the cost of the photovoltaic air conditioning system is reduced, the photovoltaic air conditioning system is suitable for remote mountainous areas lacking the power grid, the photovoltaic air conditioning system has wider market prospect, and the application range of the photovoltaic air conditioning system is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic air conditioning system according to the related art;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a Boost module employed by the photovoltaic air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a further schematic diagram of a photovoltaic air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a control method of a photovoltaic air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of controlling the frequency reduction of the inverter compressor according to the control method of the photovoltaic air conditioning system of the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a specific flowchart of a control method of a photovoltaic air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, for controlling a frequency reduction of a variable frequency compressor;
fig. 8 is a graph illustrating an output characteristic of a solar cell array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a control method of a photovoltaic air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, for controlling a solar cell array to reduce an output voltage; and
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a control method of a photovoltaic air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, performing double closed-loop control on a solar cell array.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic air conditioning system, it is following right the utility model provides a photovoltaic air conditioning system who provides specifically introduces:
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the photovoltaic air conditioning system mainly includes a solar cell array 10, a converter unit 50 and an air conditioning unit 40, wherein:
the converter unit 50 is connected between the solar cell array 10 and the utility grid 30, and has a first dc bus 53, a voltage regulation module 51 and a rectification inversion grid-connected module 52 connected by the first dc bus 53, and a first controller 54 connected to both the voltage regulation module 51 and the rectification inversion grid-connected module 52, the first controller 54 is used for regulating the output power of the solar cell array 10, wherein the converter unit 50 is a bidirectional converter unit, and specifically, may be a photovoltaic converter unit. The air conditioning unit 40 has a second dc bus 41 connected to the first dc bus 53, an inverter module 42 and a switching power supply 45 connected to the second dc bus 41, and a second controller 46, and in addition, the air conditioning unit 40 further includes a low-voltage dc load 47, including various valves, sensors, etc., in addition to ac loads such as a compressor, a fan, etc., the load 47 is connected to the second controller 46, wherein the switching power supply 45 is connected to the inverter module 42, the second controller 46, and the load 47, and the second controller 46 is used for controlling the operation of the air conditioning unit 40, including controlling the control unit, the load 47, etc., in the inverter module 42. The switching power supply 45 provides low voltage dc power to the second controller 46, the load 47, and the control unit in the inverter module 42. The converter unit 50 and the air conditioning unit 40 are also communicated with each other through a communication line B, and mainly transmit the output power of the solar cell array 10, the operating power and the operating state of the air conditioning unit 40, and the like.
With the photovoltaic air conditioning system with the structure, when the air conditioning unit 40 stops operating, the converter unit 50 operates in an inversion state, and all the output power of the solar cell array 10 is fed back to the public power grid 30; when the solar cell array 10 does not generate electricity, the converter unit 50 operates in a full-control rectification state, and the air conditioning unit 40 completely uses the power supply of the public power grid 30; when the output power of the solar cell array 10 is greater than the consumed power of the air conditioning unit 40, part of the solar power is used for meeting the total consumption of the air conditioning unit 40, and the redundant part is inverted to the public power grid 30 by the converter unit 50 without a storage battery; when the output power of the solar cell array 10 is smaller than the consumed power of the air conditioning unit 40, the whole solar power is used for the consumption of the air conditioning unit 40, and the insufficient energy is complemented from the utility grid 30 by the converter unit 50. When the output power of the solar cell array 10 is equal to the consumption power of the air conditioning unit 40, the entire solar power is used for consumption of the air conditioning unit 40. It can be seen from the above description, the embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic air conditioning system can be under the circumstances of leaving the net (no electric wire netting or electric wire netting outage), need not increase the battery energy storage, the output through first controller 54 adjustment solar cell array 10 in the unit 50 of converter, the operating power of air conditioning unit 40 is adjusted to second controller 46, photovoltaic air conditioning system's normal operating still can be guaranteed, the problem of the unable off-grid operation of photovoltaic air conditioning system among the prior art has been solved, the reliance of photovoltaic air conditioning system to the electric wire netting has been reached, photovoltaic air conditioning system's cost has still been reduced simultaneously, it is applicable in the mountain area of lacking the electric wire netting far away, wider market prospect has, photovoltaic air conditioning system's application scope has been improved.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage regulating module 51 is a Boost module, and the Boost module mainly controls the output voltage of the solar cell array 10, so as to realize Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT); the rectification inversion grid-connected module 52 can realize full-control rectification and inversion grid connection, namely energy can flow in two directions; control signals of the BOOST module and the rectification inversion grid-connected module 52 are generated by the first controller 54, and the first controller 54 controls the power switch device Q1 in the BOOST module through a Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) signal to control the output power of the solar cell array 10. The direct current output by the solar cell array 10 is directly input to the inverter direct current bus (i.e., the first direct current bus 53) after passing through the BOOST module, and then is transmitted to the air conditioning unit 40 through the air conditioning direct current bus (i.e., the second direct current bus 41).
Fig. 3 is the utility model discloses the circuit diagram of the Boost module that the embodiment adopted, as shown in fig. 3, the Boost module includes energy storage inductance L, diode D, power switching device Q1 and energy storage capacitor C, its theory of operation is when power switching device Q1 switches on, energy storage inductance L electric current increase, because the inductance has the characteristic that the electric current can not break, during power switching device Q1 turn-off, the voltage that produces on energy storage inductance L and solar cell array 10's output voltage, through diode D, charge toward energy storage capacitor C, thereby the output energy to solar cell array 10 is transferred to first direct current bus 53 on.
Preferably, the converter unit 50 in the photovoltaic air conditioning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a bidirectional converter unit, and the bidirectional converter unit includes a power failure detection module, wherein, when the power failure detection module detects that the utility grid 30 is powered off, the bidirectional converter unit cuts off the connection with the utility grid 30.
When the bidirectional converter unit detects that the power grid is disconnected, the connection between the bidirectional converter unit and the power grid is cut off immediately, so that the effect of ensuring the safety of the power grid is achieved, and in the state, the rectification inversion grid-connected module enters a dormant state.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the load 47 of the air conditioning unit 40 further includes a compressor and a fan, and accordingly, the inverter module 42 mainly includes a compressor inverter module 421 and a fan inverter module 422, wherein an input end of the compressor inverter module 421 is connected to the second dc bus 41, an output end of the compressor inverter module is connected to the compressor, an input end of the fan inverter module 422 is connected to the second dc bus 41, and an output end of the fan inverter module 422 is connected to the fan.
The compressor inverter module 421 inverts the high-voltage direct current into variable-frequency and variable-voltage alternating current for driving the compressor, and the fan inverter module 422 inverts the high-voltage direct current into variable-frequency and variable-voltage alternating current for driving the fan. The high-voltage switching power supply 45 connected to the second dc bus 41 converts the high-voltage dc power into low-voltage dc power, and provides a low-voltage dc power supply for each inverter module, the second controller 46, and the system load. The system load power supply voltage is lower than 36V and accords with human safety, and a control signal of the system load power supply voltage is provided by the second controller 46, so that the safety of the whole machine is improved.
Further, the photovoltaic air conditioning system further includes a junction unit 60, and the junction unit 60 is connected between the solar cell array 10 and the converter unit 50. For converging the output energy of the solar cell array 10 and transmitting the converged output energy to the converter unit 50.
Further, in the photovoltaic air conditioning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the air conditioning unit 40 may be a multiple air conditioning unit.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a photovoltaic air conditioning system's control method, this control method is mainly right the utility model discloses any kind of photovoltaic air conditioning system that above-mentioned content provided controls, and is following right the utility model discloses the control method who provides specifically introduces:
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a control method of a photovoltaic air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the control method mainly includes the following steps S1 to S7:
s1: acquiring output power Ppv of a solar cell array in the photovoltaic air-conditioning system, and acquiring operating power P of an air-conditioning unit in the photovoltaic air-conditioning systemAir conditioner。
S3: comparing the output power Ppv with the operating power PAir conditionerThe size of (2).
S5: when the comparison shows that the output power Ppv is smaller than the running power PAir conditionerIn case of (2), controlling the air conditioning unit to reduce the operating power PAir conditionerAnd returns to step S1 until the output power Ppv is equal to the operating power PAir conditioner。
S7: when the comparison shows that the output power Ppv is greater than the running power PAir conditionerIn the case of (1), the solar cell array is controlled to reduce the output power Ppv, and the process returns to step S1 until the output power Ppv is equal to the operating power PAir conditioner。
By comparing the output power of the solar battery array with the operating power of the air conditioning unit and controlling the air conditioning unit to reduce the operating power under the condition that the output power of the solar battery array is relatively small, under the condition of relatively large output power, the solar cell array is controlled to reduce the output power, and the comparison is carried out again every time the solar cell array is controlled, so that the output power is equal to the running power, and the photovoltaic air-conditioning system can realize that under the condition of off-grid (no power grid or power grid outage), the photovoltaic air-conditioning system can still normally operate without increasing the energy storage of a storage battery, solves the problem that the photovoltaic air-conditioning system can not operate off the grid in the prior art, achieves the purposes of reducing the dependence of the photovoltaic air-conditioning system on the grid, meanwhile, the cost of the photovoltaic air-conditioning system is reduced, the photovoltaic air-conditioning system is suitable for remote mountainous areas lacking of a power grid, the photovoltaic air-conditioning system has a wider market prospect, and the application range of the photovoltaic air-conditioning system is widened.
Wherein the operating power P of the air conditioning unit is influencedAir conditionerThe main component of the size is a variable frequency compressor in the air conditioning unit, and correspondingly, the output power Ppv is smaller than the running power PAir conditionerThe embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for reducing the frequency of the inverter compressor, and controlling the air conditioning unit to reduce the operating power PAir conditioner. In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific manner of controlling the frequency reduction of the inverter compressor is as shown in step S51 to step S55 in fig. 6:
s51: calculating output power Ppv and operation power PAir conditionerPower difference Δ P, Δ P = Ppv-PAir conditioner；
S52: calculating the power difference value delta P and the running power PAir conditionerAbsolute value of the ratio of (1)
S53: determining absolute values
The photovoltaic air conditioning system comprises a threshold interval, a photovoltaic air conditioning system and a control unit, wherein the threshold interval is stored in the photovoltaic air conditioning system, the threshold intervals are not intersected with each other, and the union of the threshold intervals is a positive number;
s54: searching for preset frequencies corresponding to target threshold intervals, wherein the target threshold intervals are threshold intervals where the determined absolute values are located, and the preset frequencies corresponding to each threshold interval are stored in the photovoltaic air conditioning system; and
s55: controlling the inverter compressor to reduce the frequency according to the target preset frequency, and returning to the step S51 until the running power PAir conditionerAnd reducing the frequency to be equal to the output power Ppv, wherein the target preset frequency is the searched preset frequency corresponding to the target threshold interval.
When the photovoltaic air conditioning system operates at Ppv<PAir conditionerWhen the solar battery array is in the state, the output power of the solar battery array cannot meet the consumption of the air conditioning unit, and the air conditioning unit needs to be controlled to perform derating operation. In order to ensure the stability of the operation of the air conditioning unit, avoid the problems of unit protection and the like caused by overlarge fluctuation of direct current bus voltage of the air conditioner due to insufficient output power of the solar cell array, control the frequency reduction operation speed of the air conditioning unit, and control the difference value delta P = P between the output power of the solar cell array and the consumption power of the air conditioning unitpv-PAir conditionerProportional relation, the frequency-reducing operation of the air conditioning unit is mainly realized by the rapid frequency reduction of the frequency-converting compressor, and when calculatedThe larger the size of the tube is,
the larger the corresponding preset frequency of the threshold interval is, the faster the frequency reduction of the variable frequency compressor is controlled to quickly reach the state that the consumed power of the air conditioning unit and the output power of the solar cell array reach balance, and in the control process, the operating frequency of the air conditioning unit is gradually reduced,
become smaller, found and
the threshold interval that locates corresponds predetermines the frequency also less, realizes that control inverter compressor's the lower frequency is slower, reaches to avoid the regulation of air conditioning unit operating frequency to appear overshooting, promptly, adopts cascaded control mode of falling frequency to control inverter compressor's frequency and reduces, along with control inverter compressor's frequency reduction, control compressor's the range of falling frequency is littleer and more, and concrete control mode is as shown in fig. 7, can see out from fig. 7, the utility model discloses in the embodiment, the corresponding relation between threshold interval and predetermine the frequency is as shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
| Threshold interval | Preset frequency |
| （0.5，∞） | 8Hz/s |
| （0.3，0.5] | 6Hz/s |
| （0.1，0.3] | 4Hz/s |
| （0，0.1] | 2Hz/s |
Wherein when the frequency of the inverter compressor is controlled to be reduced, the running power P is enabledAir conditionerAnd reducing the power to be equal to the output power Ppv, wherein delta P =0, and controlling the photovoltaic air-conditioning system to achieve the optimal energy efficiency by adjusting the load of the variable-frequency fan and other systems.
Further, the output characteristics of the solar cell array are mainly affected by the illumination intensity and the temperature, and the characteristic region line is substantially unchanged at a constant illumination intensity, such as curve l1 and curve l2 in fig. 8, which correspond to different illumination intensities.
For example, according to a characteristic curve l1, when the output current Ipv of the solar panel is zero, the maximum output voltage is Vo, which is referred to as open-circuit voltage for short; when the output voltage Vpv of the solar panel is zero, the maximum output current Io is called open-circuit current for short; when the output voltage of the solar panel is Vpv = Um and the output current is Ipv = Im, the output power Ppv = Pm is maximum. When the output voltage of the solar panel is Vpv = U1 and the output current is Ipv = I1, the output power is Ppv = P1< Pm. Therefore, the solar cell panel can be controlled to output the maximum power, and the output power can be controlled to be smaller than the maximum power, so that the output power can be controlled.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the output power Ppv is greater than the operating power PAir conditionerIn the case of (1), the regulation control of the output power Ppv of the solar cell array is mainly to reduce the output voltage by controlling the solar cell array, and to reduce the output power Ppv of the solar cell array. The specific manner is as step S71 to step S75 shown in fig. 9:
s71: controlling the output voltage VpvReducing the first amplitude Δ VpvI.e. makeWherein,
which represents the reduced output voltage of the voltage converter,
represents the output voltage of the previous time;
s72: determining whether the output power Ppv is increasing or decreasing, i.e. determining
Or to judge
Whether or not it is true, wherein,
representing output voltage
The corresponding output power of the power converter is,
indicating previous output voltage
The corresponding output power is judged
Is established or is judged to be
If the determination is not made, the output power Ppv is determined to be decreased, otherwise, the determination is made
Is not in existence or is judged
If so, an increase in the output power Ppv is determined, wherein the output power increase is determinedIf it is determined that the output power is decreased, step S73 is executed, and if it is determined that the output power is decreased, step S75 is executed;
s73: control output voltage and reduce the second amplitude, wherein the second amplitude is greater than the first amplitude, in the embodiment of the utility model provides an, can set up the second amplitude and be equal to 2X Δ VpvThen in this step is to make
S74: judging whether the output power Ppv increases or decreases again in the same manner as in step S72, and details are not repeated here, wherein if the output power Ppv is judged to increase, the step returns to step S73, and if the output power Ppv is judged to decrease, the step returns to step S71;
s75: it is determined whether the power difference between the output power and the operating power is zero, that is, it is determined whether Δ P is zero, wherein in the case where it is determined that the power difference is zero, the reduction of the output voltage is stopped, and in the case where it is determined that the power difference is not zero, the process returns to step S71.
When the photovoltaic air conditioning system operates at Ppv>PAir conditionerWhen the solar battery array is in a state, the output power of the solar battery array is larger than the consumption of the air conditioning unit, the output power of the solar battery array must be adjusted to be equal to the consumption power of the air conditioning unit, otherwise, redundant power is not consumed, more and more energy is stored on an energy storage capacitor of a direct current bus of a current conversion unit connecting the air conditioning unit and the solar battery array, and the voltage of the direct current bus is continuously increased to burn out components. According to the solar cell panel curve, the embodiment of the utility model provides a control method constantly adjusts solar cell panel output voltage Vpv, then detects output current and be Ipv, and its output Ppv is derived in multiplication to both, with air conditioning unit power consumption PAir conditionerFinding the difference Δ P = Ppv-PAir conditionerWhen Δ P>At 0, the output voltage Vpv of the solar panel is reduced according to the fixed amplitude delta Vpv by a disturbance observation method, the output power change condition is judged, if Ppv is increased, the maximum Vpv is shownOn the right side of the power point voltage Um, the amplitude of the voltage needs to be increased and decreased at this time, and the voltage is decreased according to 2 × Δ Vpv; if Ppv is reduced, the Vpv is shown to be on the left side of the maximum power point voltage Um, and the reduction is continued according to the fixed amplitude value delta Vpv until the output power of the solar cell array is equal to the consumed power of the air conditioning unit.
Wherein, photovoltaic air conditioning system includes the conversion unit, and the conversion unit includes voltage regulation module BOOST, and voltage regulation module includes power switch device the embodiment of the utility model provides an in, long when switching on or turn-off through control power switch device, reduce the output voltage that solar array reduces. Specifically, the control signal for controlling the on or off duration of the power switch device is determined by the double closed-loop control mode shown in fig. 10, as shown in fig. 10, in the double closed-loop control mode, the outer loop is a voltage loop, the output voltage of the solar cell array is controlled, and the reference voltage value Vpv thereof is controlled*Reference voltage value Vpv given by active observation method according to DeltaP*Obtaining a reference current value Ipv of the current loop after the difference value of the actual voltage value Vpv and the actually detected actual voltage value is processed by a PI controller*Namely, the actual voltage value of the solar cell array is detected, the voltage difference value between the reference voltage value and the actual voltage value is calculated, and the proportional integral operation is carried out on the voltage difference value to obtain a reference current value; the inner loop is a current loop with a reference current value Ipv*And obtaining a control signal PWM of the power switch device Q1 after the difference value between the detected actual current value Ipv and the detected actual current value is processed by a PI controller, namely, calculating the current difference value between the reference current value and the actual current value by detecting the actual current value of the solar cell array, and carrying out proportional integral operation on the current difference value to obtain the control signal.
Preferably, when the output power is smaller than the operation power as compared in step S3, the control method according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes: calculating a power difference value between the output power and the operation power, calculating an absolute value of a ratio of the power difference value to the operation power, judging whether the absolute value is smaller than a preset value, and controlling the solar cell array to increase the output power under the condition that the absolute value is smaller than the preset value.
Due to the fluctuation of the load of the air conditioning unit and the fixed steady-state error of the PI controller for proportional integral operation, the output power is rarely equal to the operation power (i.e. the delta P = 0), the delta P may fluctuate above and below the zero point, and when the delta P is equal to the operation power<0, and
in the meantime, the air conditioning unit is not controlled to reduce the operating frequency urgently, but a hysteresis control method is adopted to preferentially adjust (increase) the output power of the solar cell array so as to further enable the air conditioning system to reach a stable operating state.
From the above description, can see that, the utility model discloses a photovoltaic air conditioning system can be under the off-grid (no electric wire netting or electric wire netting outage) condition, need not increase the battery energy storage, still can normal operating, has reached and has reduced the reliance of photovoltaic air conditioning system to the electric wire netting, has still reduced photovoltaic air conditioning system's cost simultaneously, and applicable in the mountain area that lacks the electric wire netting far away, has wider market prospect, has improved photovoltaic air conditioning system's application scope.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A photovoltaic air conditioning system, comprising:
a solar cell array (10);
the converter unit (50) is connected between the solar cell array (10) and a public power grid (30) and is provided with a first direct current bus (53), a voltage regulation module (51) and a rectification inversion grid-connected module (52) which are connected through the first direct current bus (53), and a first controller (54) which is connected with the voltage regulation module (51) and the rectification inversion grid-connected module (52) in a homogeneous mode, wherein the first controller (54) is used for regulating the output power of the solar cell array (10); and
the air conditioning unit (40) is provided with a second direct current bus (41) connected to the first direct current bus (53), an inverter module (42) and a switching power supply (45) connected with the second direct current bus (41), and a second controller (46), wherein the second controller (46) is used for adjusting the operating power of the air conditioning unit (40).
2. Photovoltaic air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage regulation module (51) is a Boost module.
3. The photovoltaic air conditioning system of claim 2, wherein the Boost module comprises a power switching device (Q1), wherein the first controller (54) controls the output power of the solar array (10) by controlling the power switching device (Q1).
4. Photovoltaic air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the converter unit (50) is a bidirectional converter unit.
5. The photovoltaic air conditioning system of claim 4, wherein the bidirectional converter unit comprises an outage detection module, wherein the bidirectional converter unit disconnects from the utility grid (30) in case the outage detection module detects an outage of the utility grid (30).
6. The photovoltaic air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioning assembly (40) further comprises a compressor and a fan, and the inverter module (42) comprises:
the input end of the compressor inverter module (421) is connected with the second direct current bus (41), and the output end of the compressor inverter module is connected with the compressor; and
and the input end of the fan inversion module (422) is connected with the second direct current bus (41), and the output end of the fan inversion module is connected with the fan.
7. The photovoltaic air conditioning system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the confluence unit (60) is connected between the solar cell array (10) and the converter unit (50).
8. Photovoltaic air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the air conditioning unit (40) is a multi-connected air conditioning unit.
9. Photovoltaic air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the air conditioning assembly (40) further comprises a load (47), the switching power supply (45) providing direct current to the second controller (46), the inverter module (42) and the load (47).
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| CN201320818220.6U CN203586455U (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | Photovoltaic air conditioning system |
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| CN103940045A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-23 | 广东美的集团芜湖制冷设备有限公司 | Solar air conditioner and control method and device thereof |
| CN104006479A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-08-27 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic air conditioning system and control method thereof |
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