CN108176132A - The detection of live body planktonic organism removes silt, cleaning system and correlation method with high silt water - Google Patents
The detection of live body planktonic organism removes silt, cleaning system and correlation method with high silt water Download PDFInfo
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- CN108176132A CN108176132A CN201810175745.XA CN201810175745A CN108176132A CN 108176132 A CN108176132 A CN 108176132A CN 201810175745 A CN201810175745 A CN 201810175745A CN 108176132 A CN108176132 A CN 108176132A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8466—Investigation of vegetal material, e.g. leaves, plants, fruits
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of detection of live body planktonic organism silt, cleaning system and correlation method are removed with high silt water.The prior art can not detect, count plankton quantity type in high silt water.For this purpose, the detection of this live body planktonic organism removes silt with high silt water, cleaning system includes the first precipitation vessel and the second precipitation vessel, the former four walls and bottom plate are light tight, and set that there are one cover board, partition board, perpendicular strip optical transmission window and window-blinds.The invention further relates to correlation methods.First precipitation vessel is in addition to vertical strip window by the present invention, rest part makees light tight design, and simply, easily solve the prior art it is insurmountable how to detect, the quantity of live body planktonic organism and the technical issues of kind state in high silt, be the important weapon of the investigation of the high silt ecology of water such as the Yellow River middle and lower reaches, environmental monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection of live body planktonic organism silt, cleaning system and correlation method are removed with high silt water.
Background technology
Important component of the planktonic organism as aquatic ecosystem is the energy that the aquatiles such as other height depend on for existence
Amount and material base are recycled in the substance of the ecosystem with playing an important role in energy flow.Plankton species are various, shape
State Various Functions.Have the characteristics that sensibility is strong, growth cycle is short, be easily isolated culture.Phytoplankton can be divided into and swum dynamic
Object including the small protozoan of build, algae, also includes the young of certain shell-fish, mollusk and certain animals.Big portion
Planktonic organism is divided not have travelling ability, there can only be weak travelling ability with water flowing, fraction.Phytoplankton utilizes illumination
Photosynthesis is carried out, there is good phototaxis.Therefore, under different illumination conditions, the vertical distribution of phytoplankton in water
Certain variation can occur.
Phytoplankton directly can directly be taken the photograph as primary producer as biological feed by the fish of eating planktonic organism
Food.It, can be as the instruction biology of monitoring water environment and water body evaluation since planktonic organism is very sensitive to change of water quality.By adopting
Collection planktonic organism carries out belonging to kind of an identification, understand the type of planktonic organism indicant in water body, biomass, abundance and occur season and
Its distribution situation.
In some rivers (such as the Yellow River middle and lower reaches) often sediment charge is higher, a large amount of silt is to planktonic organism in water body
Identification and analysis has very high interference, and water body silt content is high, and light transmittance is low, and planktonic organism work nothing is detected by microscopy
Method accurately carries out.The prior art is all using natural sedimentation method, since natural sedimentation is longer there is the sedimentation time, at one section
Between after planktonic algae population density will reduce, and in precipitation process planktonic organism death settle, cause silt and biology
It can not detach, cause last prohibited data detection true.
At present, silt and planktonic organism can still be efficiently separated without any filtering and purifying.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to how fill up the above-mentioned blank of the prior art, a kind of live body is provided and is swum life
Analyte detection removes silt, cleaning system and correlation method with high silt water.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the detection of this live body planktonic organism removes silt with high silt water, cleaning system includes the
One precipitation vessel, the first precipitation vessel bottom are set there are one the first drainpipe, and the first drainpipe is equipped with the first drain valve,
It is characterized in that：It further includes the second precipitation vessel, air pump, short stent, middle stent and high trestle,
A cover board is additionally provided at the top of first precipitation vessel, is set below the cover board there are one fluorescent lamp, cover board outside is equipped with
Switch, and equipped with power supply or attaching plug, the fluorescent lamp connects into power for illumination by conducting wire and switch, power supply or attaching plug
Road；
First precipitation vessel, four wall and bottom plate are light tight, and the first precipitation vessel side side wall is equipped with perpendicular strip light transmission
Window, equipped with window-blind, which fixes on the cover board the perpendicular strip optical transmission window, rollable, deployable, and covers
Cover perpendicular strip optical transmission window；
First precipitation vessel bottom is equipped with partition board, and partition board is separated out a filtering cabin, the filtering in the first precipitation vessel lower part
Bag filter is equipped in storehouse, which is sewed by filter cloth, is located inside bag filter filled with activated carbon, the first drainpipe
Filter position one end is set on the partition board of the filtering cabin other end there are one water inlet notch, and being additionally provided with one on the first precipitation vessel side wall returns
Water pipe and the second drainpipe, the second drainpipe are arranged on above partition board, and second drainpipe is equipped with the second valve, the return water
Tube top portion is set there are one funnel, and return pipe lower part is equipped with back-water valve (BWV), and return pipe lower end is passed through in the first precipitation vessel, and return pipe
Lower end port is located above partition board.Partition board is preferentially flexibly connected partition board, and bag filter can also filter bulky grain silt in itself, described
Bag filter and activated carbon are replaceable, it is also possible to which clear water rinses regeneration.
First precipitation vessel is placed on middle stent, and short stent and high trestle are separately positioned on middle stent front and rear sides, the
Two precipitation vessel open tops, bottom are set there are one third drainpipe, and third drainpipe is equipped with third drain valve, and second is heavy
Shallow lake container can be placed as required on short stent or high trestle, when the second precipitation vessel is located on short stent, the first precipitation
First drainpipe nozzle of container is located above the second precipitation vessel open top, when the second precipitation vessel is located on high trestle
When, the third drainpipe nozzle of the second precipitation vessel is located above the funnel at the top of the return pipe of the first precipitation vessel；
The air pump is arranged on the first precipitation vessel side wall, and hose is connected in the air outlet pipe of the air pump, which stretches into
In first precipitation vessel internal water, and venthole is provided on the hose being in water.It is so designed that, it can be ensured that live body swims life
Under the premise of object keeps activity, most of silt is eliminated, meanwhile, it ensure that water temperature, water are unchanged,
Live body planktonic organism detection method in the high silt water of the present invention, includes the following steps：
1. acquires the high silt water containing live body planktonic organism.
2. live body planktonic organism is detected and removes silt, the first drain valve of cleaning system and back-water valve (BWV) all with high silt water by
It closes, then the collected high silt water containing live body planktonic organism is injected in the first precipitation vessel, is capped cover board, is opened
Then air pump is decontroled window-blind, perpendicular strip optical transmission window is covered, while ensure that fluorescent lamp is closed, and
10-12 hour is preserved at room temperature.
3. the second precipitation vessel is placed on short stent by, third drain valve is then shut off, and makes the first precipitation vessel
The upper opening of first drainpipe nozzle the second precipitation vessel of face, then opens fluorescent lamp, after a hour, closes air pump,
After half an hour, window-blind is rolled, at this moment by vertical strip window it can be found that the part silt particle in water has settled
On the upper surface of partition board, the water in the first precipitation vessel is tentatively clarified, and then opens the first drain valve, makes the first precipitation
In container filtering cabin is flowed by preliminary clear water, remaining silt forms clear water by the active carbon adsorption in filtering cabin in water,
Above-mentioned clear water flows into the second precipitation vessel, when the first precipitation vessel water surface is down to 15 centimetres away from partition board, closes through the first drain valve
Close the first drain valve；
4. is then, the second precipitation vessel is moved on high trestle, is located at the third drainpipe nozzle of the second precipitation vessel
Above funnel at the top of the return pipe of first precipitation vessel, then, return valve is first opened, then open third drain valve, make second
Clear water in precipitation vessel slowly passes back into the second precipitation vessel through return duct；
5. treats that the clear water in the second precipitation vessel is all back to the first precipitation vessel, window-blind is decontroled again, it will be perpendicular
Strip optical transmission window covers, and stands 1 hour, window-blind is rolled, the second precipitation vessel then is placed on short branch again
On frame, the first drain valve is opened, makes to pass through preliminary clear water inflow filtering cabin in the first precipitation vessel, remaining silt quilt in water
Active carbon adsorption in filtering cabin forms clear water, and above-mentioned clear water flows into the second precipitation vessel through the first drain valve, when first heavy
When the shallow lake container water surface is down to 15 centimetres away from partition board, the first drain valve is closed；
6., by perpendicular strip optical transmission window, the water quality in the first precipitation vessel is still muddy if observing, the is returned to 4.
Step, in cycles, until the water quality clarification in the first precipitation vessel；If observing the water quality clarification in the first precipitation vessel,
Open the second drain valve, you can obtain the high sediment and purification water containing live body planktonic organism.
7. 6. high sediment and purification water of the step gained containing live body planktonic organism of detections the.
It is so designed that, the first precipitation vessel of the invention is in addition to vertical strip window, and rest part makees light tight set
Meter, while add fluorescent lamp in the first precipitation vessel.In use, by being manually set, live body planktonic organism is made first to be in light
Starvation state, then opens fluorescent lamp again, and live body planktonic organism is attracted near the water surface.At this point, part silt has sunk
It forms sediment to the first precipitation vessel lower part.At this point, opening the first drain valve, the water of middle and lower part in the first precipitation vessel is passed through into filter position mistake
After filter, clear water is formed, is discharged into the second precipitation vessel.By active carbon adsorption, water temperature, water are basic for silt in this part clear water
Do not change.Then this part clear water is back to the first precipitation vessel further through return duct, in this way, the water in the first precipitation vessel
Temperature, water do not change, and only most of silt is by active carbon adsorption.
As an optimization, it the 1. walks, selects fair weather, noon acquisition.Either zooplankter or phytoplankton
All there is phototaxis.Under fair weather, noon is sunny, and planktonic algae photosynthesis is vigorous at this time, zooplankter kind
Population density is higher, and planktonic organism is mostly concentrated in the shallow seated groundwater nearer apart from the face water surface, convenient for acquisition.
Live body planktonic organism detection of the present invention removes silt, cleaning system with simple in structure, easy to use with high silt water
The advantages of, live body planktonic organism detection method makes full use of the phototaxis of planktonic organism and migration model in the high silt water of the present invention
Enclose, simply, easily solve the prior art it is insurmountable how to detect, in high silt live body planktonic organism quantity and kind
The technical issues of class is the important device of the high silt ecology of water investigation such as the Yellow River middle and lower reaches, environmental monitoring.
Description of the drawings
Live body planktonic organism of the present invention is detected below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and removes silt, cleaning system and respective party with high silt water
Method is described further：
Fig. 1 is that in this high silt water 3. live body planktonic organism detection method the walks, and the first precipitation vessel and the second precipitation are held
The structure and position relationship schematic diagram of device；
Fig. 2 is that in this high silt water 4. live body planktonic organism detection method the walks, and the first precipitation vessel and the second precipitation are held
The structure and position relationship schematic diagram of device；
Fig. 3 is that the detection of this live body planktonic organism removes in silt, cleaning system vacuum sampling device with high silt water and uses shape
The structure diagram of state；
Fig. 4 is that the detection of this live body planktonic organism is removed with high silt water after vacuum sampling device enters water in silt, cleaning system,
Floating ball floats, and after horizontal card column is detached from horizontal card slot, shakes winch spool, pulls up drawstring, and tapered plug blocks cone hole part, what sealing valve was closed
Partial cutaway schematic；
Fig. 5 is that the detection of this live body planktonic organism removes vacuum sampling device in silt, cleaning system with high silt water and promoted
Cheng Zhong, sealing valve remain turned-off, and high silt water under atmospheric pressure, is attracted deposits in sampling pipe, takes away the water surface, and promoted
To after enough height, pivoted arm is pulled, arm is gone into the partial cutaway schematic on adapted ship.
In figure：1 is the first precipitation vessel, 2 be the first drainpipe, 3 be the first drain valve, 4 be the second precipitation vessel, 5 be
Air pump, 6 be short stent, 7 be middle stent, 8 be high trestle, 9 be cover board, 10 be fluorescent lamp, 11 be attaching plug, 12 be perpendicular strip
Shape optical transmission window, 13 be window-blind, 14 be partition board, 15 be filtering cabin, 16 be back-water valve (BWV), 17 be return pipe, 18 be the second draining
Pipe, 19 be the second valve, 20 be third drainpipe, 21 be third drain valve, 22 be hose, 23 be winch spool, 24 be arm, 25 be
Pulley, 26 be sampling pipe, 27 be adapted ship, 28 be tapered plug, 29 be connecting rod, 30 be hanging hole, 31 be horizontal card slot, 32 be annular
Hollow pontoon, 33 for prominent plate, 34 be lever, 35 be horizontal card column, 36 be floating ball, 37 be drawstring, 38 be rocking handle, 39 be pivoted arm,
40 be cone hole part, 41 be sample the outer nosing of annular on pipe, 42 be annular clamping plate.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one：As shown in Figure 1, 2, the detection of this live body planktonic organism removes silt, cleaning system packet with high silt water
The first precipitation vessel 1 is included, which sets there are one the first drainpipe 2, and the first drainpipe 2 is equipped with first
Drain valve 3, it is characterised in that：It further includes the second precipitation vessel 4, air pump 5, short stent 6, middle stent 7 and high trestle 8.
The top of first precipitation vessel 1 is additionally provided with a cover board 9, which sets there are one fluorescent lamp 10, outside cover board 9
Portion is equipped with switch (not shown), and equipped with power supply or attaching plug 11, and the fluorescent lamp 10 passes through conducting wire and switch, power supply
Or attaching plug 11 connects into lighting circuit.
First precipitation vessel, 1 four wall and bottom plate are light tight, and 1 side side wall of the first precipitation vessel is saturating equipped with perpendicular strip
Light window 12, equipped with window-blind 13, which is fixed on cover board 9 the perpendicular strip optical transmission window 12, rollable,
It is deployable, and cover perpendicular strip optical transmission window 12；
First precipitation vessel, 1 bottom is equipped with partition board 14, and partition board 14 is separated out a filtering cabin in 1 lower part of the first precipitation vessel
15, bag filter is equipped in the filtering cabin 15, which is sewed by filter cloth, filled with activated carbon inside bag filter, first
Drainpipe 2 is located at 15 one end of filtering cabin, set on the partition board 14 of 15 other end of filtering cabin there are one water inlet notch.
17 and second drainpipe 18 of return pipe is additionally provided on first precipitation vessel, 1 side wall, the second drainpipe 18 is set
Above partition board 14, and second drainpipe 18 is equipped with the second valve 19, and 17 top of the return pipe sets that there are one funnel, return water
17 lower part of pipe is equipped with back-water valve (BWV) 16, and 17 lower end of return pipe is passed through in the first precipitation vessel 1, and 17 lower end port of return pipe be located at every
14 top of plate.
First precipitation vessel 1 is placed on middle stent 7, and short stent 6 and high trestle 8 are separately positioned on two before and after middle stent 7
Side, 4 open top of the second precipitation vessel, bottom are set there are one third drainpipe 20, and third drainpipe 20 is arranged equipped with third
Water valve 21, the second precipitation vessel 4 can be placed as required on short stent 6 or high trestle 8.
When the second precipitation vessel 4 is located on short stent 6,2 nozzle of the first drainpipe of the first precipitation vessel 1 is located at second
Above 4 open top of precipitation vessel, when the second precipitation vessel 4 is located on high trestle 8, the third drainpipe of the second precipitation vessel
20 nozzles are located above the funnel at 17 top of return pipe of the first precipitation vessel；
The air pump 5 is arranged on 1 side wall of the first precipitation vessel, and hose 22 is connected in the air outlet pipe of the air pump 5, the hose
22 stretch into 1 internal water of the first precipitation vessel, and are provided with venthole (not shown) on the hose 22 being in water.
As in Figure 3-5, the detection of this live body planktonic organism is with high silt water removes silt, cleaning system further includes vacuum sample
Device, the vacuum sampling device include winch spool 23, arm 24, pulley 25 and sampling pipe 26, wherein winch spool 23 and are fixed on adapted
On ship 27 (naturally it can also arranged in adapted bridge stage casing, figure omits).
As shown in figure 3, arm 24 is removably secured on adapted ship 27, sampling 26 upper and lower opening of pipe is described
Sampling pipe 26 top sets that there are one cone hole parts 40, and the cone hole part is 40 time big, upper small, the cone equipped with reverse frustoconic in cone hole part 40
Plug 28, which is fixed with a connecting rod 29, which is equipped with hanging hole 30, and 29 stage casing both sides of connecting rod are respectively equipped with
Horizontal card slot 31,26 top of the sampling pipe are cased with annular hollow pontoon 32, sample the outer nosing of annular there are two being set on pipe
41st, outer 41 inside of nosing of two annulars sets two annular clamping plates 42, and annular hollow pontoon 32 is clipped between two annular clamping plates.Ring
After shape hollow pontoon 32 is inflated, two annular clamping plates 42 are supportted outward, are stuck in the inside of the outer nosing 41 of two annulars.
26 top of sampling pipe is set there are two plate 33 of dashing forward relatively, and hinged on each prominent plate 33 there are one lever 34, thick sticks
34 side of bar is long, and side is short, and 34 short end of lever is equipped with horizontal card column 35, and 34 long end of lever is connected a floating ball 36, two levers
34 are located at 29 both sides of connecting rod respectively, and the horizontal card column 35 of two levers 34 can be stuck in corresponding horizontal card slot from both sides respectively
In 31, tapered plug 28 forms a sealing valve with the cone hole part 40, and 40 lower edge height of cone hole part should be less than annular hollow pontoon 32
Water line.When ensuring that sealing valve is closed, the sampling pipe 26 of its underpart is full of water, no air.
There is a drawstring 37 in system in the hanging hole 30, which is fixed on across after the pulley 25 on the winch spool 23,
The hinge cylinder 23 rocking handle 38 with there are one, 24 side of arm is fixed with pivoted arm 39.Through research, the vertical migration of plankton
The limit is 5 meters, and the sampling pipe length in this vacuum sampling device is up to 6 meters, can in the morning, noon, afternoon, even night
Acquire all planktons in 5.5 meters of depth of waters.Meanwhile this vacuum sampling device is due to no any water pump or movable part
Part, minimum to the interference of plankton, sampling is accurate, convenient.Convenient for studying the distribution feelings of each period plankton
Condition.It is so designed that, convenient for the value volume and range of product of plankton in detection, the high silt water of statistical unit.
Live body planktonic organism detection method in this high silt water, includes the following steps：
1. acquires the high silt water containing live body planktonic organism.
Preferential fair weather, noon acquisition.It is preferable to use aforementioned vacuum samplers to be sampled, and method is as follows：
A., adapted ship 27 is driven into the waters for needing to sample, locking of casting anchor, by two levels of aforementioned vacuum sampler
Card column 35 is caught in corresponding horizontal card slot 31, shakes rocking handle 38, drives drawstring 37, and sampling pipe 26 is sling, pulls pivoted arm 39,
Swinging boom 24 goes to sampling pipe 26 outside adapted ship 27, then will sample pipe 26 slowly into the water, the water of surrounding delays
It is slow to enter sampling pipe 26, and finally sank the lower edge of tapered portion 40.
After annular hollow pontoon 32, floating ball 36 enter water, continue to loosen drawstring 37, when floating ball 36 floats, by lever 34,
The horizontal horizontal card slot 31 of 35 abjection of card column is driven, as shown in Figure 4.
B. rocking handle 38 is reversely shaken, tightens drawstring 37, horizontal card slot 31 has been released, and drawstring drives connecting rod 29 to rise,
Tapered plug 28 is got lodged in completely on cone hole part 40 afterwards, seals valve closure.Then continue to tighten drawstring 37, vacuum sampling device is entirely carried
It rises, leaves the water surface.Water in sampling pipe 26 is influenced by atmospheric pressure, is stayed in sampling pipe 26, is risen in company with sampling pipe 26.
C. after sampling pipe 26 is raised to enough height, pivoted arm 39 is pulled, swinging boom 24 goes to sampling pipe 26 and matches
With the top of the first precipitation vessel 1 above 27 deck of ship, as shown in figure 5, removal cover board 9, make 26 time mouths insertions of sampling pipe the
In one precipitation vessel 1；
2. live body planktonic organism is detected and removes silt, the first drain valve 3 of cleaning system and back-water valve (BWV) 16 with high silt water by
It all closes, is then pressed downward connecting rod 29, separate tapered plug 28 and the side wall of cone hole part 40, sealing valve is opened, and samples pipe 26
Interior high silt water is flowed into naturally in the first precipitation vessel 1.
It is capped cover board 9 again, opens air pump 5, then window-blind 13 is decontroled, perpendicular strip optical transmission window 12 is covered, together
When ensure that fluorescent lamp 10 is closed, and at room temperature preserve 4-5 hour.During this, live body phytoplankton energy
Oxygen is obtained, but cannot get sunlight, in light starvation.Bulky grain silt preliminary sedimentation in high silt water, product
There are on 14 upper surface of partition board.
3. the second precipitation vessel 4 is placed on short stent 6 by, third drain valve 21 is then shut off, and holds the first precipitation
Then the upper opening of 2 the second precipitation vessel of nozzle face 4 of the first drainpipe of device 1 opens fluorescent lamp 10, after a hour,
Air pump 5 is closed, after half an hour, window-blind 13 is rolled, at this moment by vertical strip window 12 it can be found that the portion in water
Silt particle is divided to be deposited on the upper surface of partition board 14, the water in the first precipitation vessel 1 is tentatively clarified, and then opens first
Drain valve 3 makes to flow into filtering cabin 15 by preliminary clear water in the first precipitation vessel 1, and remaining silt is by filtering cabin 15 in water
In active carbon adsorption, form clear water, above-mentioned clear water flows into the second precipitation vessel 4 through the first drain valve 3, when the first precipitation is held
When 1 water surface of device is down to 15 centimetres away from partition board, the first drain valve 3 is closed.
It can prevent the water surface from dropping too low in this way, active plankton is by active carbon adsorption.
4. is then, the second precipitation vessel 4 is moved on high trestle 8, manages the third drainpipe 20 of the second precipitation vessel 4
Mouth is located above the funnel at 17 top of return pipe of the first precipitation vessel 1, then, first opens return valve 16, then opens third and arrange
Water valve 21 makes the clear water in the second precipitation vessel 4, and the second precipitation vessel 4 is slowly passed back into through return duct 17.
5. treats that the clear water in the second precipitation vessel 4 is all back to the first precipitation vessel 1, window-blind 13 is decontroled again,
Perpendicular strip optical transmission window 12 is covered, 1 hour is stood, window-blind 13 is rolled, then again puts the second precipitation vessel 4
It puts on short stent 6, opens the first drain valve 3, make to flow into filtering cabin 15 by preliminary clear water in the first precipitation vessel 1,
Remaining silt forms clear water, above-mentioned clear water flows into second through the first drain valve 3 by the active carbon adsorption in filtering cabin 15 in water
Precipitation vessel 4 when 1 water surface of the first precipitation vessel is down to 15 centimetres away from partition board, closes the first drain valve 3.
6. for by erecting strip optical transmission window 12, if observing, the water quality in the first precipitation vessel 1 is still muddy, returns to
4. the walks, in cycles, until the water quality clarification in the first precipitation vessel 1；If observing, the water quality in the first precipitation vessel 1 is clear
Clearly, then the second drain valve 19 is opened, you can obtain the high sediment and purification water containing live body planktonic organism.
7. 6. high sediment and purification water of the step gained containing live body planktonic organism of detections the, hereinafter referred to as high sediment and purification water.
When detecting phytoplankton：Take high sediment and purification water 1000ml that glug test solution is added to fix, precipitate 48h after siphon abandon upper strata
Clear liquid is concentrated into 40ml.After shaking up, quick drop of drawing, in 10 × 40 micro- Microscopic observations, counts two in 0.1ml counting frames
Piece is averaged.
When detecting zooplankter:High sediment and purification water 5L is taken, is concentrated with No. 25 plankton net filtrations, and add in
The formalin of 1.5mL4% is fixed, and is taken back laboratory and is carried out sample analysis.After the sample fixed shakes up, it is quick draw drop in
In 1ml counting frames, in 10 × 10 micro- Microscopic observations, two panels is counted, is averaged.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of detection of live body planktonic organism removes silt, cleaning system with high silt water, including the first precipitation vessel, this is first heavy
Shallow lake container bottom is set there are one the first drainpipe, and the first drainpipe is equipped with the first drain valve, it is characterised in that：It further includes
Two precipitation vessels, air pump, short stent, middle stent and high trestle,
A cover board is additionally provided at the top of first precipitation vessel, is set below the cover board there are one fluorescent lamp, cover board outside is equipped with switch,
And equipped with power supply or attaching plug, the fluorescent lamp connects into lighting circuit by conducting wire and switch, power supply or attaching plug；
First precipitation vessel, four wall and bottom plate are light tight, and the first precipitation vessel side side wall is equipped with perpendicular strip light inlet window
Mouthful, equipped with window-blind, which fixes on the cover board the perpendicular strip optical transmission window, rollable, deployable, and covers
Firmly erect strip optical transmission window；
First precipitation vessel bottom is equipped with partition board, and partition board is separated out a filtering cabin in the first precipitation vessel lower part, in the filtering cabin
Equipped with bag filter, which is sewed by filter cloth, is located at filtering cabin filled with activated carbon, the first drainpipe inside bag filter
One end is set on the partition board of the filtering cabin other end there are one water inlet notch, and a return pipe is additionally provided on the first precipitation vessel side wall
With the second drainpipe, the second drainpipe is arranged on above partition board, and second drainpipe is equipped with the second valve, the return water tube top
Portion is set there are one funnel, and return pipe lower part is equipped with back-water valve (BWV), and return pipe lower end is passed through in the first precipitation vessel, and return pipe lower end
Port is located above partition board；
First precipitation vessel is placed on middle stent, and short stent and high trestle are separately positioned on middle stent front and rear sides, and second is heavy
Shallow lake container top opening, bottom are set there are one third drainpipe, and third drainpipe is equipped with third drain valve, and the second precipitation is held
Device can be placed as required on short stent or high trestle, when the second precipitation vessel is located on short stent, the first precipitation vessel
The first drainpipe nozzle be located above the second precipitation vessel open top, when the second precipitation vessel is located on high trestle, the
The third drainpipe nozzle of two precipitation vessels is located above the funnel at the top of the return pipe of the first precipitation vessel；
The air pump is arranged on the first precipitation vessel side wall, and hose is connected in the air outlet pipe of the air pump, which stretches into first
In precipitation vessel internal water, and venthole is provided on the hose being in water.
2. live body planktonic organism detection method in a kind of high silt water, includes the following steps：
1. acquires the high silt water containing live body planktonic organism；
2. the detection of live body planktonic organism is removed silt, the first drain valve of cleaning system and back-water valve (BWV) with high silt water and all closed by,
Then the collected high silt water containing live body planktonic organism is injected in the first precipitation vessel, is capped cover board, open air pump,
Then window-blind is decontroled, perpendicular strip optical transmission window is covered, while ensure that fluorescent lamp is closed, and at room temperature
4-5 hour is preserved,
3. the second precipitation vessel is placed on short stent by, third drain valve is then shut off, and makes the first of the first precipitation vessel
Then the upper opening of drainpipe nozzle the second precipitation vessel of face opens fluorescent lamp, after a hour, closing air pump, and half
Hour after, window-blind is rolled, at this moment by vertical strip window it can be found that the part silt particle in water be deposited in every
On the upper surface of plate, the water in the first precipitation vessel is tentatively clarified, and then opens the first drain valve, makes the first precipitation vessel
Middle to flow into filtering cabin by preliminary clear water, remaining silt forms clear water by the active carbon adsorption in filtering cabin in water, above-mentioned
Clear water flows into the second precipitation vessel through the first drain valve, when the first precipitation vessel water surface is down to 15 centimetres away from partition board, closes the
One drain valve；
4. is then, the second precipitation vessel is moved on high trestle, the third drainpipe nozzle of the second precipitation vessel is made to be located at first
Above funnel at the top of the return pipe of precipitation vessel, then, return valve is first opened, then open third drain valve, make the second precipitation
Clear water in container slowly passes back into the second precipitation vessel through return duct；
5. treats that the clear water in the second precipitation vessel is all back to the first precipitation vessel, window-blind is decontroled again, by perpendicular strip
Shape optical transmission window covers, and stands 1 hour, window-blind is rolled, then the second precipitation vessel is placed on short stent again,
The first drain valve is opened, makes to flow into filtering cabin by preliminary clear water in the first precipitation vessel, remaining silt is filtered in water
Active carbon adsorption in storehouse, forms clear water, and above-mentioned clear water flows into the second precipitation vessel, when the first precipitation is held through the first drain valve
When the device water surface is down to 15 centimetres away from partition board, the first drain valve is closed；
6., by perpendicular strip optical transmission window, the water quality in the first precipitation vessel is still muddy if observing, returns to the and 4. walk,
In cycles, until the water quality in the first precipitation vessel is clarified；If observing the water quality clarification in the first precipitation vessel, open
Second drain valve, you can obtain the high sediment and purification water containing live body planktonic organism；
7. 6. high sediment and purification water of the step gained containing live body planktonic organism of detections the.
3. live body planktonic organism detection method in high silt water according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：1. the walks, select
Select fair weather, noon acquisition.
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| CN113376001A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-10 | 国家海洋局北海环境监测中心 | Phytoplankton sample impurity removing device and using method thereof |
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