CN108164718A - 纤维素纳米晶体诱导壳聚糖手性自组装体制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

纤维素纳米晶体诱导壳聚糖手性自组装体制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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CN108164718A
CN108164718A CN201711439169.7A CN201711439169A CN108164718A CN 108164718 A CN108164718 A CN 108164718A CN 201711439169 A CN201711439169 A CN 201711439169A CN 108164718 A CN108164718 A CN 108164718A
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陶永新
吕泳其
彭勇刚
储富强
孔泳
秦勇
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Abstract

本发明提供了纤维素纳米晶体诱导壳聚糖手性自组装体的制备方法,壳聚糖自组装在纤维素纳米晶体外围,壳聚糖与纤维素纳米晶体形成新的结晶体,该制备过程简单无污染。本发明所得的手性纳米复合材料,可实现色氨酸对映体的电化学高效识别和紫外光谱识别。

Description

纤维素纳米晶体诱导壳聚糖手性自组装体制备方法及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于手性高分子材料领域,具体涉及纤维素纳米晶体诱导壳聚糖手性自组装体及其氨基酸手性识别。
背景技术
纤维素纳米晶体(NCC)是一种螺旋型棒状结构的纤维素纳米晶须,长度在5~300nm,直径1~20之间,通过硫酸水解牛皮纸,去除纤维素无定型区域,保留剩余的结晶区获得的。纤维素纳米晶体作为天然的、可再生的绿色纳米材料还具有高机械强度、高结晶度和手性等卓越优势。
壳聚糖(CS)是自然界最为丰富的天然多糖之一,也是一种存在大量手性位点的双螺旋链状手性材料,具有良好的生物相容性和成膜性,已经被应用于手性识别与分离。由于一级结构中的双螺旋受到分子内氢键的影响,需要化学修饰和改性才能应用于手性识别。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是借助NCC右手螺旋结构,利用静电引力、氢键和范德华力等物理作用,在NCC表面构建CS高分子的二级螺旋手性结构,并利用这种特定手性结构实现高效手性识别。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:利用纤维素纳米晶体诱导壳聚糖手性自组装。
上述手性自组装的具体步骤如下:
将10~200mg壳聚糖溶于0.1~1M的柠檬酸溶液中,搅拌。将5~200mg纤维素纳米晶体超声分散于水中30分钟,搅拌。将壳聚糖酸溶液逐滴加入纤维素纳米晶体水分散液中,搅拌3~12小时,温度为15~50℃。水洗,离心分离获得固体产物,真空冷冻干燥后,冷冻保存于冰箱。
壳聚糖分子具有双螺旋结构(一级结构),受固有的分子内氢键束缚,直接用于手性识别效果不理想。本发明选用纤维素纳米晶体作为手性模板,多种作用力诱导壳聚糖螺旋缠绕,形成二级螺旋手性结构,避免了壳聚糖一级螺旋结构的内在缺陷,同时赋予CS-NCC纳米材料的高效手性识别能力。
本发明的有益效果是:
CS是无定形结构,NCC是结晶体,CS-NCC纳米材料是新的结晶体,有很好的机械强度,具有高效手性识别能力,对色氨酸对映体能高效电化学识别和紫外光谱识别。
附图说明
图1 NCC(A)和CS-NCC(B)的SEM图
图2 D,L-Trp在CS-NCC修饰玻碳电极上的差分脉冲图
图3不同温度下D,L-Trp在CS-NCC修饰玻碳电极上的差分脉冲电流和电流比
图4 CS-NCC的形成示意图
图5 CS,NCC和CS-NCC的XRD图
图6 CS-NCC吸附前后色氨酸对映体的紫外光谱图
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例,进一步详细地描述本发明。应理解,这些实施例只是为了举例说明本发明,而非以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
将100mg壳聚糖溶于0.1M的柠檬酸溶液中,搅拌。将10mg纤维素纳米晶体超声分散于水中20分钟,搅拌。将壳聚糖酸溶液逐滴加入纤维素纳米晶体水分散液中,搅拌3小时,温度为30℃。水洗,离心分离获得固体产物,冷冻干燥后冷冻保存于冰箱。
实施例2
将100mg壳聚糖溶于0.5M的柠檬酸溶液中,搅拌。将100mg纤维素纳米晶体超声分散于水中40分钟,搅拌。将壳聚糖酸溶液逐滴加入纤维素纳米晶体水分散液中,搅拌6小时,温度为30℃。水洗,离心分离获得固体产物,冷冻干燥后冷冻保存于冰箱。
实施例3
将100mg壳聚糖溶于0.2M的柠檬酸溶液中,搅拌。将50mg纤维素纳米晶体超声分散于水中30分钟,搅拌。将壳聚糖酸溶液逐滴加入纤维素纳米晶体水分散液中,搅拌4小时,温度为30℃。水洗,离心分离获得固体产物,冷冻干燥后冷冻保存于冰箱。
实施例4
将实施例1~3所得复合材料配成2mg/mL的水溶液,取5μL滴涂于玻碳电极表面,自然风干。所得修饰电极静置在20~30mL不同温度(5~40℃)L/D-色氨酸(Trp)溶液中(静置时间30s~40s),以0.1~0.5V/s的扫速在0.4V~1.2V(vs.SCE)的电化学窗范围内进行差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)测试,每次测完后修饰电极在20~30mL 0.1~0.3M磷酸缓冲溶液中进行反复电位扫描至稳定,恢复电极活性。测试3次,取平均值。
实施例5
将实施例1所得复合材料分别加入0.05mM的D/L-Trp溶液,比较加入前后的紫外吸收光谱。

Claims (4)

1.纤维素纳米晶体诱导壳聚糖手性自组装体的制备方法,其特征在于:该方法利用纤维素纳米晶体(NCC)与壳聚糖(CS)之间的静电引力、氢键和范德华力自组装,使壳聚糖缠绕在晶须状纤维素纳米晶体表面,形成新的晶体(CS-NCC)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纤维素纳米晶体诱导壳聚糖手性自组装体的制备方法,其特征在于:具体制备步骤如下:将10~200mg壳聚糖溶于0.1~1M的柠檬酸溶液中,搅拌;将5~200mg纤维素纳米晶体超声分散于水中10~60分钟,搅拌;将壳聚糖酸溶液逐滴加入纤维素纳米晶体水分散液中,搅拌1~12小时,温度为15~50℃;水洗,离心分离获得固体产物,冷冻干燥后冷冻保存于冰箱。
3.根据权利要求1所述的纤维素纳米晶体诱导壳聚糖手性自组装体可在氨基酸手性识别中应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的纤维素纳米晶体诱导壳聚糖手性自组装体在氨基酸手性识别中的应用,其特征在于:按如下步骤进行:相同浓度的色氨酸对映体溶液分别加入相同量的CS-NCC纳米复合物,比较CS-NCC加入前后,色氨酸对映体紫外吸收;加入前,色氨酸对映体紫外吸收是一致的,加入后,D-色氨酸紫外吸收明显比L-色氨酸要低;CS-NCC配成悬浮水溶液,滴涂于玻碳电极表面,自然风干;所得修饰电极静置在L/D-色氨酸(Trp)溶液中,以0.1~0.5V/s的扫速在0.4V~1.2V(vs.SCE)的电化学窗范围内进行差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)测试,L-色氨酸的差分脉冲电流明显高于D-色氨酸。
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