CN108162436A - 玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法 - Google Patents

玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法 Download PDF

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CN108162436A
CN108162436A CN201810066514.5A CN201810066514A CN108162436A CN 108162436 A CN108162436 A CN 108162436A CN 201810066514 A CN201810066514 A CN 201810066514A CN 108162436 A CN108162436 A CN 108162436A
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孙晓红
高鸽
徐艳春
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Taishan Fiberglass Inc
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    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/485—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with weld-bonding
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    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs

Abstract

本发明涉及一种玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，包括以下步骤：在玻璃纤维针刺毡上浇上流动状态的热塑型树脂，热塑性树脂将玻璃纤维针刺毡充分混合浸透；所述的玻璃纤维针刺毡为GMT用短切针刺毡，厚度为10‑15cm。本发明的优点是：(1)开发出了GMT用短切针刺毡，产品单重均匀；通过反复试验，生产的产品能够满足不同客户、不同玻璃钢制品对针刺毡的要求：满足了玻璃钢生产工艺对流动性、膨胀高度的要求，同时满足了制品强度要求。

Description

玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法
技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，属于玻璃纤维短切针刺毡产品的加工方法，一种生产热塑玻璃钢的增强基材。
背景技术
热塑玻璃钢分为短纤维增强热塑性塑料(SFT)和玻纤毡增强热塑性塑料(GMT),SFT由于纤维短，其流动性好，主要用于注塑、压塑工艺，生产形状复杂的产品，但强度低，只能用于非结构件。
因此，开发一种长纤维毡材，通过针刺工艺使纤维间相互纠缠，可大大提高热塑玻璃钢比强度、韧性和抗冲击能力强。使热塑玻璃钢应用到强度要求高的结构件中，对于扩大热塑玻璃钢的应用具有重要意义。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供一种玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，本发明的技术方案是：
一种玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)在玻璃纤维针刺毡上浇上流动状态的热塑型树脂，热塑性树脂将玻璃纤维针刺毡充分混合浸透；所述的玻璃纤维针刺毡为GMT用短切针刺毡，厚度为10-15cm；
(2)将步骤(1)中浸透后的玻璃纤维针刺毡依次经冷却和压扎后成为厚度均匀的玻璃钢板材；该玻璃钢板材的厚度为4-6mm；
(3)根据制品需要的尺寸和形状进行裁切，然后放入烘箱进行烘烤，烘烤温度200-210℃，烘烤时间1-3分钟，使步骤(2)中的玻璃钢板材变成熔融状态并进行膨胀；
(4)当步骤(3)中的玻璃钢板材的厚度膨胀到10-15mm，移入到安装在压机上的磨具内；
(5)经模压和冷却后成型，最后进行切边，修整成为成品。
所述的GMT用短切针刺毡通过以下工艺制备而成：将玻璃纤维原丝从纱架引出进入短切机头，将玻璃纤维原丝短切成所需要的长度，落到传送网带上的下层基布上，再覆上上层基布,送入针刺机，经过预刺、主刺工艺后针刺成型，最后切边卷取。
所述的上层基布和下层基布均采用丙纶无纺布。
短切所用的短切机头安装于传送网带的上方，该短切机头包括刀辊、胶辊和压辊，所述的胶辊与刀辊相对转动，该刀辊与胶辊之间形成切割空间；所述的压辊位于胶辊的上部，该压辊在气缸的作用下压在胶辊上，在胶辊的带动下转动；玻璃纤维原丝依次通过胶辊和压辊之间以及胶辊和刀辊之间，玻璃纤维原丝通过刀辊和压辊之间时被刀辊上的刀片切断；沿刀辊的圆周方向均布数个嵌刀槽，相邻两嵌刀槽之间形成间距，该间距为12.5mm，每一嵌刀槽内装有刀片；所述刀片的根部通过弹簧片和压条固定在嵌刀槽内，该压条位于弹簧片的一侧；所述的刀辊的直径为190mm。
压辊区与针刺区的间距为50mm，所述压辊区的压辊的直径为50mm。
在所述的预刺、主刺工艺中，叉型针和三角针同时使用，叉型针的作用是将短切后的玻璃纤维原丝成束顶出，以便使GMT用短切针刺毡具有弹性，三角针的作用是使玻璃纤维原丝相互纠缠使GMT用短切针刺毡具有强度；选择叉型针和三角针时，要保持当叉型针针刺深度为5mm时，三角针最上面的钩刺从GMT用短切针刺毡中完全穿出。
本发明的优点是：
(1)开发出了GMT用短切针刺毡，产品单重均匀；
(2)通过反复试验，生产的产品能够满足不同客户、不同玻璃钢制品对针刺毡的要求：满足了玻璃钢生产工艺对流动性、膨胀高度的要求，同时满足了制品强度要求。
(3)成型所用丙纶无纺布能够直接热塑与玻璃钢完全相容。
附图说明
图1是本发明中叉型针与三角针的配合关系示意图。
图2是短切机头的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明，本发明的优点和特点将会随着描述而更为清楚。但这些实施例仅是范例性的，并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是，在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换，但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
参见图1和图2，本发明涉及一种玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)在玻璃纤维针刺毡上浇上流动状态的热塑型树脂(例如PE-聚乙烯、PP-聚丙烯、PVC-聚氯乙烯、PS-聚苯乙烯、PA-聚酰胺、POM-聚甲醛、PC-聚碳酸酯，优选PP-聚丙烯)，热塑性树脂将玻璃纤维针刺毡充分混合浸透；所述的玻璃纤维针刺毡为GMT用短切针刺毡，厚度为10-15cm；
(2)将步骤(1)中浸透后的玻璃纤维针刺毡依次经冷却和压扎后成为厚度均匀的玻璃钢板材；该玻璃钢板材的厚度为4-6mm；
(3)根据制品需要的尺寸和形状进行裁切，然后放入烘箱进行烘烤，烘烤温度200-210℃，烘烤时间1-3分钟，使步骤(2)中的玻璃钢板材变成熔融状态并进行膨胀；
(4)当步骤(3)中的玻璃钢板材的厚度膨胀到10-15mm，移入到安装在压机上的磨具内；
(5)经模压和冷却后成型，最后进行切边，修整成为成品。
所述的GMT用短切针刺毡通过以下工艺制备而成：将玻璃纤维原丝从纱架引出进入短切机头，将玻璃纤维原丝短切成所需要的长度，落到传送网带上的下层基布上，再覆上上层基布,送入针刺机，经过预刺、主刺工艺后针刺成型，最后切边卷取。
所述的上层基布和下层基布均采用丙纶无纺布。
短切所用的短切机头安装于传送网带的上方，该短切机头包括刀5、胶辊4和压辊3，所述的胶辊4与刀辊5相对转动，该刀辊与胶辊之间形成切割空间；所述的压辊3位于胶辊4的上部，该压辊在气缸的作用下压在胶辊上，在胶辊的带动下转动；玻璃纤维原丝依次通过胶辊和压辊之间以及胶辊和刀辊之间，玻璃纤维原丝通过刀辊和压辊之间时被刀辊上的刀片切断；沿刀辊的圆周方向均布数个嵌刀槽，相邻两嵌刀槽之间形成间距，该间距为12.5mm，每一嵌刀槽内装有刀片；所述刀片的根部通过弹簧片和压条固定在嵌刀槽内，该压条位于弹簧片的一侧；所述的刀辊的直径为190mm。
压辊区与针刺区的间距为50mm，所述压辊区的压辊的直径为50mm，以使短切纤维不受控的区域变小，避免毡面不匀。
在所述的预刺、主刺工艺中，叉型针1和三角2针同时使用，叉型针的作用是将短切后的玻璃纤维原丝成束顶出，以便使GMT用短切针刺毡具有弹性，三角针的作用是使玻璃纤维原丝相互纠缠使GMT用短切针刺毡具有强度；选择叉型针和三角针时，要保持当叉型针针刺深度为5mm时，三角针最上面的钩刺从GMT用短切针刺毡中完全穿出。

Claims (6)

1.一种玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)在玻璃纤维针刺毡上浇上流动状态的热塑型树脂，热塑性树脂将玻璃纤维针刺毡充分混合浸透；所述的玻璃纤维针刺毡为GMT用短切针刺毡，厚度为10-15cm；
(2)将步骤(1)中浸透后的玻璃纤维针刺毡依次经冷却和压扎后成为厚度均匀的玻璃钢板材；该玻璃钢板材的厚度为4-6mm；
(3)根据制品需要的尺寸和形状进行裁切，然后放入烘箱进行烘烤，烘烤温度200-210℃，烘烤时间1-3分钟，使步骤(2)中的玻璃钢板材变成熔融状态并进行膨胀；
(4)当步骤(3)中的玻璃钢板材的厚度膨胀到10-15mm，移入到安装在压机上的磨具内；
(5)经模压和冷却后成型，最后进行切边，修整成为成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，其特征在于，所述的GMT用短切针刺毡通过以下工艺制备而成：将玻璃纤维原丝从纱架引出进入短切机头，将玻璃纤维原丝短切成所需要的长度，落到传送网带上的下层基布上，再覆上上层基布,送入针刺机，经过预刺、主刺工艺后针刺成型，最后切边卷取。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，其特征在于，所述的上层基布和下层基布均采用丙纶无纺布。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，其特征在于，短切所用的短切机头安装于传送网带的上方，该短切机头包括刀辊、胶辊和压辊，所述的胶辊与刀辊相对转动，该刀辊与胶辊之间形成切割空间；所述的压辊位于胶辊的上部，该压辊在气缸的作用下压在胶辊上，在胶辊的带动下转动；玻璃纤维原丝依次通过胶辊和压辊之间以及胶辊和刀辊之间，玻璃纤维原丝通过刀辊和压辊之间时被刀辊上的刀片切断；沿刀辊的圆周方向均布数个嵌刀槽，相邻两嵌刀槽之间形成间距，该间距为12.5mm，每一嵌刀槽内装有刀片；所述刀片的根部通过弹簧片和压条固定在嵌刀槽内，该压条位于弹簧片的一侧；所述的刀辊的直径为190mm。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，其特征在于，压辊区与针刺区的间距为50mm，所述压辊区的压辊的直径为50mm。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种玻璃纤维短切针刺毡的加工方法，其特征在于，在所述的预刺、主刺工艺中，叉型针和三角针同时使用，叉型针的作用是将短切后的玻璃纤维原丝成束顶出，以便使GMT用短切针刺毡具有弹性，三角针的作用是使玻璃纤维原丝相互纠缠使GMT用短切针刺毡具有强度；选择叉型针和三角针时，要保持当叉型针针刺深度为5mm时，三角针最上面的钩刺从GMT用短切针刺毡中完全穿出。
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