CN108150141A - A kind of shale gas horizontal well operational method based on pressure oscillation - Google Patents

A kind of shale gas horizontal well operational method based on pressure oscillation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108150141A
CN108150141A CN201810028125.3A CN201810028125A CN108150141A CN 108150141 A CN108150141 A CN 108150141A CN 201810028125 A CN201810028125 A CN 201810028125A CN 108150141 A CN108150141 A CN 108150141A
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truck
pressure
pump
oscillatory system
high pressure
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CN108150141B (en
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李忠厚
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Yanan University
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Yanan University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/003Vibrating earth formations
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B28/00Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/267Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of shale gas horizontal well operational method based on pressure oscillation, it is realized using a kind of shale gas horizontal well apparatus for work based on pressure oscillation, pump truck and measuring truck are connected on production tree respectively especially by high pressure line, it will be connected between pump truck and measuring truck by data line, fracturing blender truck and acid tank truck are connected to by high pressure line on pump truck respectively, pump truck also connects oscillatory system by high pressure line, oscillatory system includes signal generator, servo mechanism and plunger pump, the oscillatory system connects pressure sensor by data line, pressure sensor is connected to by high pressure line on the production tree.The present invention can make target reservoir generate a plurality of ribs of the fan shape major fracture, and the long bifurcated small crack of extension is generated on major fracture;The moment development length of major fracture can also be reduced, so as to avoid pressing to wear water layer.

Description

A kind of shale gas horizontal well operational method based on pressure oscillation
The application is the applying date on May 6th, 2016, application No. is 201610298193.2, a kind of entitled " base In the shale gas horizontal well operational method of pressure oscillation " divisional application.
Technical field
The invention belongs to natural gas extraction apparatus for work and method and technology fields, are related to a kind of shale based on pressure oscillation Air water horizontal well operational method.
Background technology
Shale gas refer to main body with adsorb, dissociate or dissolution mechanism preservation in shale and shale reservoir folded chiltern, Natural gas in silty stratum.It is just the same with conventional gas physicochemical properties, is to be filled in shale crack, The natural gas in fine pore and level that aperture is several nanometers.Since the usual reservoir of shale gas is in tight stratum, exploitation Difficulty is big, of high cost;So as to usually require to take well stimulation.In the recovery process to shale gas, generally use pressure break Means improve the permeability on stratum, and the shale gas in reservoir is made to be easier to flow into pit shaft.
But in place of the existing usual Shortcomings of shale gas horizontal well operational method:Due to stratum three-dimensional principal stress Relative size variation is difficult to predict, when the prior art is built the pressure with high pressure with the technique of huge discharge progress stratum operation, single pressure Effect makes formation fracture unidirectionally extended and easily presses to wear water table, and the bifurcated small crack development length on major cracks is small, again Major fracture is returned to, so as to reduce the production efficiency of shale gas.Therefore there is an urgent need for one kind in the prior art can change formation fracture shape Shape and the apparatus for work and method for improving shale gas recovery ratio.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of shale gas horizontal well operational methods based on pressure oscillation, solve existing page The problem of shale gas recovery ratio is low caused by crack existing for rock air water horizontal well is unidirectionally extended.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of shale gas horizontal well apparatus for work based on pressure oscillation, including Fracturing blender truck, acid tank truck, pump truck and the measuring truck of multigroup liquid tank are connected to, by high pressure line respectively by the pump truck and the instrument Table vehicle is connected on production tree, will be connected between the pump truck and the measuring truck by data line, by fracturing blender truck and acid tank truck It is connected on the pump truck by high pressure line respectively, display pressure break Dynamic Construction curve and pump truck is equipped on the measuring truck The display of discharge curve, the pump truck also connects oscillatory system by high pressure line, in the pump truck and the oscillatory system Between high pressure line on be additionally provided with hydraulic valve, the oscillatory system includes signal generator, servo mechanism and plunger pump, The oscillatory system connects pressure sensor by data line, and pressure sensor is connected to the production tree by high pressure line On, well head pressure signal is fed back by the pressure sensor, to start and run the signal generator, and then is watched by described Taking mechanism drives the plunger pump to generate oscillation pressure.
Optionally, the oscillatory system further includes the high pressure sealing valve being connected on the plunger pump.
Another technical solution of the present invention is to utilize the above-mentioned horizontal well operations of the shale gas based on pressure oscillation The method that device carries out shale gas acquisition, is as follows:
Step 1: according to the analysis and processing result of the seismic data of shale gas target reservoir and geologic information, determine described The rock forming mineral type and its content of net horizontal section in target reservoir;
Step 2: according to the rock forming mineral type and its content of the net horizontal section, the well-flushing for acidizing flushing is determined Sour type and content in liquid start pump truck, and pass through acid tank truck and carry out acidizing flushing operation to target reservoir;
Step 3: carrying out pressing crack construction preparation, operation is squeezed including carrying out the cycle in pressing crack construction, pressure testing and examination;
Step 4: starting pressing crack construction work, while oscillatory system is opened, and pass through pressure sensor monitoring well head and return Pressure, oscillatory system according to receive pressure sensor feeds back come well head pressure signal, to start and run signal generator, believe The signal that number generator generates passes to the servo mechanism in oscillatory system, and servo mechanism controls plunger according to received signal Pump makes plunger pump generate oscillation pressure, and then feeds back to downhole fluid by pump truck;
Step 5: in the uphill process of monitoring wellhead back pressure, when back pressure is in 0~40Mpa, often rise 5Mpa operations one Secondary oscillatory system after back pressure rises to 40Mpa, often rises 2Mpa and runs an oscillatory system, and shown on measuring instrument vehicle The pressure break Dynamic Construction curve shown, when apparent change in shape occurs for pressure break Dynamic Construction curve, continuous service oscillatory system 10 ~shutdown system, and carry out adding sand operation after the discharge curve stabilization shown on measuring truck after twenty minutes, adds institute in sand operation It is mixed in a certain ratio with load fluid by the fracturing fluid in sand proppant and multigroup liquid tank and additive;
Step 6: carrying out the displacement fluid operation of pressing crack construction, and all exits and entrances valves of well head are closed, broken according to fracturing fluid Glue time t0Determine closed-in time t, it is desirable that t=1.2t0, staff cleaned and put to pump truck and high pressure line with clear water Pressure promotes down-hole string and tidies up construction site, and pressing crack construction work is completed and safely evacuates well site.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that
The mineral species of rock include at least one of following:Sandstone, limestone, dolomite.
The type of acid solution includes at least one of following:Hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, using the design of exclusive oscillatory system, in the horizontal well operations of shale gas, it can generate target reservoir more Ribs of the fan shape major fracture, and the long bifurcated small crack of extension is generated on major fracture, oily more than 5-25% can be increased.
2nd, oscillator signal caused by signal generator in the horizontal well operations of shale gas, can slow down single pressure spike It is worth the action intensity to stratum, reduces moment development length of the major fracture under single pressure peak, so as to avoid pressing to wear water Layer.
3rd, the signal feedback mechanism of rational pressure oscillation opportunity and Erecting and improving is selected, is changed by monitoring wellhead back pressure And the progress constructed according to the change in shape of pressure break Dynamic Construction curve and the status monitoring of pump truck output curve, so as to polygonal Degree ensures that stablizing for shale gas horizontal well is constructed.
4th, it is radiationless, safety and environmental protection, can full-automatic continuous operation, reduce maintenance cost, it is efficient, save dimension Protect cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of the shale gas horizontal well apparatus for work based on pressure oscillation of the present invention.
In figure, 1. liquid tanks, 2. fracturing blender trucks, 3. acid tank trucks, 4. signal generators, 5. oscillatory systems, 6. servo mechanisms, 7. Plunger pump, 8. hydraulic valves, 9. pressure sensors, 10. production trees, 11. pump trucks, 12. measuring trucks.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the application, below in conjunction with the application reality The attached drawing in example is applied, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical solution in the embodiment of the present application, it is clear that described implementation Example is merely a part but not all of the embodiments of the present application.Based on the embodiment in the application, this field is common Technical staff's all other embodiments obtained without making creative work should all belong to the application protection Range.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of shale gas horizontal well apparatus for work based on pressure oscillation of the present invention, including both can individually carry For liquid the fracturing fluid in tank 1 with carry out pressing crack construction and can provide the fracturing fluid in sand proppant and multigroup liquid tank 1 and The load fluid that various additives are mixed in a certain ratio can generate high pressure and huge discharge to carry out the fracturing blender truck 2 for adding sand operation To the pump truck 11 of stratum injection liquid, for recording the measuring truck 12 of various parameters in construction, wherein being distinguished by high pressure line The measuring truck 12 and the pump truck 11 are connected on production tree 10, will be carried out between the pump truck 11 and the measuring truck 12 It is connected by data line, the display of display pressure break Dynamic Construction curve and pump truck output curve is equipped on the measuring truck 10 Device, the pump truck 11 connects acid tank truck 3, fracturing blender truck 2 and oscillatory system 5 by high pressure line respectively, in the pump truck 11 and institute It states and hydraulic valve 8 is additionally provided on the high pressure line between oscillatory system 5, the oscillatory system 5 includes signal generator 4, watches Mechanism 6 and plunger pump 7 are taken, the production tree 10 also connects pressure sensor 9 by high pressure line, and the oscillatory system 5 passes through Data line connects the pressure sensor 9.Further, oscillatory system 5 further includes to provide connecting with plunger pump for protection High pressure sealing valve, in order to avoid excessively high back pressure damage oscillatory system.
During practice of construction, oscillatory system 5 is according to receiving the well head that is fed back via data line of pressure sensor 9 Pressure signal, to start and run signal generator 4, the signal that signal generator 4 generates passes to servo in oscillatory system 5 Structure 6, servo mechanism 6 control the plunger pump 7 in oscillatory system 5 according to received signal, and plunger pump 7 is made to generate oscillation pressure and is carried out Construction operation is vibrated, when the oscillation pressure that plunger pump 7 generates acts on anisotropic shale reservoir, reservoir can be made to exist In the short time pressed off, the crack of a plurality of ribs of the fan shape is generated, slows down action intensity of the single pressure peak to stratum, reduces master Moment development length of the crack under single pressure peak, so as to avoid pressing to wear water layer.
Another technical solution of the present invention is a kind of shale gas horizontal well operator based on pressure oscillation Method is as follows:
Step 1: according to the analysis and processing result of the seismic data of shale gas target reservoir and geologic information, determine described The rock forming mineral type and its content of net horizontal section in target reservoir;
Step 2: according to the rock forming mineral type and its content of the net horizontal section, the well-flushing for acidizing flushing is determined Sour type and content in liquid start pump truck 11, and pass through acid tank truck 3 and carry out acidizing flushing operation to target reservoir;
Step 3: carrying out pressing crack construction preparation, operation is squeezed including carrying out the cycle in pressing crack construction, pressure testing and examination;
Step 4: starting pressing crack construction work, while oscillatory system 5 is opened, and pass through pressure sensor 9 and monitor well head time Pressure, the well head pressure signal that oscillatory system 5 is fed back according to pressure sensor 9 is received, to start and run signal generator 4, the signal that signal generator 4 generates passes to the servo mechanism 6 in oscillatory system, and servo mechanism 6 is according to received signal control Plunger pump 7 processed makes plunger pump 7 generate oscillation pressure, and then feeds back to downhole fluid by pump truck 11;
Step 5: in the uphill process of monitoring wellhead back pressure, when back pressure is in 0~40Mpa, often rise 5Mpa operations one Secondary oscillatory system 5 after back pressure rises to 40Mpa, often rises 2Mpa and runs an oscillatory system 5, and measuring instrument vehicle 12 The pressure break Dynamic Construction curve of upper display, when apparent change in shape occurs for pressure break Dynamic Construction curve, continuous service oscillation system System 10~shutdown system, and carry out adding sand operation after the discharge curve stabilization shown on measuring truck 12 after twenty minutes, adds sand to make Load fluid used is mixed in a certain ratio by the fracturing fluid in sand proppant and multigroup liquid tank 1 and additive in industry;
Step 6: carrying out the displacement fluid operation of pressing crack construction, and all exits and entrances valves of well head are closed, broken according to fracturing fluid Glue time t0Determine closed-in time t, it is desirable that t=1.2t0, staff cleans pump truck 11 and each high pressure line with clear water With bleed off pressure, promote down-hole string and simultaneously tidy up construction site, pressing crack construction work is completed simultaneously to safely evacuate well site.
Optionally, the mineral species of the rock include at least one of following:Sandstone, limestone, dolomite.
Optionally, the type of the acid solution includes at least one of following:Hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid.
The above, only preferable specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to This, all those familiar with the art are in technical scope disclosed by the invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention And its design of the present invention is subject to equivalent substitution or change and is covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of shale gas horizontal well operational method based on pressure oscillation, horizontal using a kind of shale gas based on pressure oscillation Well operations devices realizes that concrete structure is:Fracturing blender truck (2), acid tank truck (3), pump truck including being connected to multigroup liquid tank (1) (11) and measuring truck (12), which is characterized in that by high pressure line respectively by the pump truck (11) and the measuring truck (12) even It is connected on production tree (10), will be connected between the pump truck (11) and the measuring truck (12) by data line, by the mulling Vehicle (2) and the acid tank truck (3) are connected to by high pressure line on the pump truck (11) respectively, are set on the measuring truck (12) There is the display of display pressure break Dynamic Construction curve and pump truck output curve, the pump truck (11) is also shaken by high pressure line connection System (5) is swung, hydraulic valve (8) is additionally provided on the high pressure line between the pump truck (11) and the oscillatory system (5), The oscillatory system (5) includes signal generator (4), servo mechanism (6) and plunger pump (7), and the oscillatory system (5) passes through number According to line connection pressure sensor (9), the pressure sensor (9) is connected to by high pressure line on the production tree (10), is led to The pressure sensor (9) feedback well head pressure signal is crossed, to start and run the signal generator (4), and then by described Servo mechanism (6) drives the plunger pump (7) to generate oscillation pressure.
The shale gas horizontal well operational method that the apparatus for work carries out, includes the following steps:
Step 1: according to the analysis and processing result of the seismic data of shale gas target reservoir and geologic information, the target is determined The rock forming mineral type and its content of net horizontal section in reservoir, rock forming mineral type include at least one of following:Sandstone, ash Rock, dolomite;
Step 2: according to the rock forming mineral type and its content of the net horizontal section, determine in the flushing fluid for acidizing flushing The type and content of acid start pump truck (11), and pass through acid tank truck (3) and carry out acidizing flushing operation to target reservoir;
Step 3: carrying out pressing crack construction preparation, operation is squeezed including carrying out the cycle in pressing crack construction, pressure testing and examination;
Step 4: starting pressing crack construction work, while oscillatory system (5) is opened, and pass through pressure sensor (9) monitoring well head and return Pressure, the well head pressure signal that oscillatory system (5) is fed back according to pressure sensor (9) is received, to start and run signal hair Raw device (4), the signal that signal generator (4) generates pass to the servo mechanism (6) in oscillatory system, servo mechanism (6) according to Received signal control plunger pump (7) makes plunger pump (7) generate oscillation pressure, and then feeds back to underground by pump truck (11) and flow Body;
Step 5: in the uphill process of monitoring wellhead back pressure, when back pressure is in 0~40Mpa, often rises 5Mpa operations and once shake System (5) is swung, after back pressure rises to 40Mpa, often rises 2Mpa and runs an oscillatory system (5), and measuring instrument vehicle (12) the pressure break Dynamic Construction curve shown on, when apparent change in shape occurs for pressure break Dynamic Construction curve, continuous service shakes Swing system (5) 10~shutdown system, and after the discharge curve stabilization shown on measuring truck (12) carry out that sand is added to make after twenty minutes Industry adds in sand operation load fluid used by the fracturing fluid in sand proppant and multigroup liquid tank (1) and additive by certain ratio Example mixes;
Step 6: carrying out the displacement fluid operation of pressing crack construction, and all exits and entrances valves of well head are closed, during according to fracturing liquid rubber-breaking Between t0Determine closed-in time t, it is desirable that t=1.2t0, staff with clear water to pump truck (11) and each high pressure line carry out cleaning and It bleeds off pressure, promote down-hole string and tidies up construction site, pressing crack construction work is completed and safely evacuates well site.
CN201810028125.3A 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation Expired - Fee Related CN108150141B (en)

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CN201810028125.3A CN108150141B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation
CN201610298193.2A CN105863571B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 A kind of shale gas horizontal well operational method based on pressure oscillation

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CN201810027716.9A Expired - Fee Related CN108150140B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation device based on pressure oscillation
CN201810028125.3A Expired - Fee Related CN108150141B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation
CN201610298193.2A Expired - Fee Related CN105863571B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 A kind of shale gas horizontal well operational method based on pressure oscillation
CN201810027717.3A Expired - Fee Related CN108266162B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation
CN201810028120.0A Expired - Fee Related CN108561110B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method

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CN201810027717.3A Expired - Fee Related CN108266162B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation
CN201810028120.0A Expired - Fee Related CN108561110B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method

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CN108266162A (en) 2018-07-10
CN108150141B (en) 2021-03-16
CN108266162B (en) 2021-03-16
CN108561110A (en) 2018-09-21
CN108150140A (en) 2018-06-12
CN105863571B (en) 2018-01-16
CN108150140B (en) 2021-03-16
CN105863571A (en) 2016-08-17
CN108561110B (en) 2021-03-16

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