CN108266162B - Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation - Google Patents

Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108266162B
CN108266162B CN201810027717.3A CN201810027717A CN108266162B CN 108266162 B CN108266162 B CN 108266162B CN 201810027717 A CN201810027717 A CN 201810027717A CN 108266162 B CN108266162 B CN 108266162B
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pressure
truck
fracturing
oscillation
pump
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CN108266162A (en
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李忠厚
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Yanan University
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Yanan University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/003Vibrating earth formations
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B28/00Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/267Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation, which is characterized in that a pump truck and an instrument truck are respectively connected to a Christmas tree through high-pressure pipelines, the pump truck and the instrument truck are connected through data lines, a sand mixer truck and an acid tanker truck are respectively connected to the pump truck through the high-pressure pipelines, the pump truck is also connected with an oscillation system through the high-pressure pipelines, the oscillation system comprises a signal generator, a servo mechanism and a plunger pump, the oscillation system is connected with a pressure sensor through the data lines, the pressure sensor is connected to the Christmas tree through the high-pressure pipelines, and the oscillation system further comprises a high-pressure sealing valve connected to the plunger pump. The invention can lead the target reservoir to generate a plurality of fan-bone-shaped main cracks and generate extended branch small cracks on the main cracks; the instantaneous extension of the main crack can also be reduced, avoiding the water layer from being pressed through.

Description

Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas exploitation operation devices and methods, and relates to a shale gas horizontal well operation device based on pressure oscillation.
Background
Shale gas refers to natural gas whose main body is present in shale and sandy shale formations sandwiched in shale reservoirs in an adsorption, dissociation or dissolution manner. The natural gas has the same physical and chemical properties as the conventional natural gas, and is natural gas filled in shale cracks, micro pores with the pore diameter of a few nanometers and a layer surface. Because the shale gas is usually stored in a compact rock stratum, the exploitation difficulty is high, and the cost is high; thus, stimulation measures are often required. In the process of exploiting shale gas, a fracturing method is generally adopted to improve the permeability of a stratum, so that the shale gas in a reservoir stratum can flow into a shaft more easily.
However, the existing shale gas horizontal well operation method has the following defects: because the relative size change of the three-dimensional principal stress of the stratum is difficult to predict, when the stratum operation is carried out by a high-pressure suppressed pressure and large discharge process in the prior art, the stratum cracks are extended in a single direction and easily press through a groundwater layer under the action of single pressure, the extension length of the branched small cracks on the main cracks is small, and the branched small cracks return to the main cracks, so that the exploitation efficiency of the shale gas is reduced. Therefore, there is a need in the art for an operating device and method that can change the shape of the formation fractures and improve the recovery efficiency of shale gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shale gas horizontal well operation device based on pressure oscillation, and solves the problem of low shale gas recovery ratio caused by unidirectional extension of cracks in the existing shale gas horizontal well.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the shale gas horizontal well operation device based on pressure oscillation comprises a sand mixer truck, an acid tank truck, a pump truck and an instrument truck which are connected with a plurality of groups of liquid tanks, wherein the pump truck and the instrument truck are respectively connected to a production tree through high-pressure pipelines, the pump truck and the instrument truck are connected through data lines, the sand mixer truck and the acid tank truck are respectively connected to the pump truck through high-pressure pipelines, the instrument truck is provided with a display for displaying a fracturing dynamic construction curve and a pump truck discharge curve, the pump truck is also connected with an oscillation system through the high-pressure pipelines, a hydraulic valve is further arranged on the high-pressure pipeline between the pump truck and the oscillation system, the oscillation system comprises a signal generator, a servo mechanism and a plunger pump, the oscillation system is connected with a pressure sensor through the data lines, the pressure sensor is connected to the production tree through the high-pressure pipelines, and feeding back a wellhead pressure signal through the pressure sensor so as to start and operate the signal generator, and further driving the plunger pump to generate oscillating pressure by the servo mechanism.
Optionally, the oscillation system further comprises a high-pressure sealing valve connected to the plunger pump.
The shale gas acquisition method of the shale gas horizontal well operation device by adopting the device comprises the following specific steps:
determining rock mineral types and contents of horizontal well sections in a target reservoir according to analysis and processing results of seismic data and geological data of the shale gas target reservoir;
secondly, determining the type and the content of acid in the well-flushing liquid for acidizing and flushing the well according to the rock mineral type and the content of the rock mineral type of the horizontal well section, starting a pump truck, and performing acidizing and flushing operation on a target reservoir through an acid tank truck;
thirdly, preparing fracturing construction work, including circulation, pressure test and trial extrusion work in the fracturing construction;
starting fracturing construction work, simultaneously starting an oscillation system, monitoring wellhead back pressure through a pressure sensor, starting and operating a signal generator by the oscillation system according to a wellhead pressure signal fed back by the pressure sensor, transmitting a signal generated by the signal generator to a servo mechanism in the oscillation system, and controlling a plunger pump by the servo mechanism according to the received signal to enable the plunger pump to generate oscillation pressure so as to feed back the oscillation pressure to underground fluid through a pump truck;
in the process of monitoring the rising of the wellhead back pressure, when the back pressure is 0-40 Mpa, operating an oscillation system once every 5Mpa, when the back pressure is 40Mpa, operating the oscillation system once every 2Mpa, monitoring a fracturing dynamic construction curve displayed on an instrument vehicle, when the fracturing dynamic construction curve has obvious shape change, continuously operating the oscillation system for 10-20 minutes, shutting down the system, and performing sand adding operation after a discharge curve displayed on the instrument vehicle is stable, wherein sand carrying liquid used in the sand adding operation is formed by mixing a sand propping agent, fracturing liquid in a plurality of groups of liquid tanks and additives according to a certain proportion;
sixthly, performing the displacement fluid operation of the fracturing construction, closing all inlet and outlet valves of the wellhead, and breaking gel time t according to the fracturing fluid0Determining the well closing time t, wherein the t is 1.2t0And cleaning and releasing the pump truck and the high-pressure pipeline by using clean water, lifting the underground pipe column and picking up a construction site, completing fracturing construction work and safely withdrawing from a well site.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the mineral species of the rock includes at least one of: sandstone, limestone, dolomite.
The type of acid liquor comprises at least one of the following: hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by adopting the design of a unique oscillating system, a plurality of fan-bone-shaped main cracks can be generated on a target reservoir stratum in the operation of a shale gas horizontal well, and extended branched small cracks are generated on the main cracks, and the oil can be increased by more than 5-25%.
2. The oscillation signal generated by the signal generator can slow down the action intensity of a single pressure peak value on the stratum and reduce the instant extension length of the main crack under the single pressure peak value in the shale gas horizontal well operation, thereby avoiding pressing through a water layer.
3. And selecting a reasonable pressure oscillation time, establishing a perfect signal feedback mechanism, and monitoring the construction according to the shape change of a fracturing dynamic construction curve and the state of a pump truck displacement curve by monitoring the back pressure change of a wellhead, so that the stable construction of the shale gas horizontal well is ensured at multiple angles.
4. The device has the advantages of no radiation, safety, environmental protection, full-automatic continuous operation, reduction of maintenance cost, high efficiency and maintenance cost saving.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shale gas horizontal well operation device based on pressure oscillation.
In the figure, 1, a liquid tank, 2, a sand mixer, 3, an acid tank truck, 4, a signal generator, 5, an oscillation system, 6, a servo mechanism, 7, a plunger pump, 8, a hydraulic valve, 9, a pressure sensor, 10, a Christmas tree, 11, a pump truck and 12, an instrument truck are arranged.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in figure 1, the shale gas horizontal well operation device based on pressure oscillation comprises a sand mixing truck 2 which can independently provide fracturing fluid in a liquid tank 1 for fracturing construction and can provide sand carrying fluid for mixing sand propping agent, the fracturing fluid in a plurality of groups of liquid tanks 1 and various additives according to a certain proportion for sand adding operation, a pump truck 11 which can generate high pressure and large discharge capacity and inject liquid into stratum, and an instrument truck 12 for recording various parameters in construction, wherein the instrument truck 12 and the pump truck 11 are respectively connected on a Christmas tree 10 through high-pressure pipelines, the pump truck 11 and the instrument truck 12 are connected through data lines, a display for displaying a fracturing dynamic construction curve and a pump truck discharge capacity curve is arranged on the instrument truck 10, the pump truck 11 is respectively connected with an acid tank truck 3, the sand mixing truck 2 and an oscillation system 5 through high-pressure pipelines, a hydraulic valve 8 is further arranged on a high-pressure pipeline between the pump truck 11 and the oscillating system 5, the oscillating system 5 comprises a signal generator 4, a servo mechanism 6 and a plunger pump 7, the Christmas tree 10 is further connected with a pressure sensor 9 through the high-pressure pipeline, and the oscillating system 5 is connected with the pressure sensor 9 through a data line. Further, the oscillating system 5 also comprises a high pressure sealing valve connected to the plunger pump for providing protection against excessive back pressure damaging the oscillating system.
In the actual construction process, the oscillating system 5 starts and operates the signal generator 4 according to a wellhead pressure signal fed back by the receiving pressure sensor 9 through a data line, the signal generated by the signal generator 4 is transmitted to the servo mechanism 6 in the oscillating system 5, the servo mechanism 6 controls the plunger pump 7 in the oscillating system 5 according to the received signal, so that the plunger pump 7 generates oscillating pressure to carry out oscillating construction operation, when the oscillating pressure generated by the plunger pump 7 acts on an anisotropic shale reservoir stratum, the reservoir stratum can generate a plurality of fan-bone-shaped cracks in a short time after being pressed open, the action strength of a single pressure peak value on the stratum is relieved, the instantaneous extension length of a main crack under the single pressure peak value is reduced, and water layer pressing and penetration are avoided.
The shale gas acquisition method of the shale gas horizontal well operation device by adopting the device comprises the following specific steps:
determining rock mineral types and contents of horizontal well sections in a target reservoir according to analysis and processing results of seismic data and geological data of the shale gas target reservoir;
secondly, determining the type and the content of acid in the well-flushing liquid for acidizing and flushing the well according to the rock mineral type and the content of the rock mineral type of the horizontal well section, starting a pump truck 11, and performing acidizing and flushing operation on a target reservoir through an acid tank truck 3;
thirdly, preparing fracturing construction work, including circulation, pressure test and trial extrusion work in the fracturing construction;
fourthly, starting fracturing construction work, simultaneously starting an oscillation system 5, monitoring wellhead back pressure through a pressure sensor 9, enabling the oscillation system 5 to start and operate a signal generator 4 according to wellhead pressure signals fed back by the pressure sensor 9, transmitting signals generated by the signal generator 4 to a servo mechanism 6 in the oscillation system, and controlling a plunger pump 7 by the servo mechanism 6 according to the received signals to enable the plunger pump 7 to generate oscillation pressure, and further feeding back the oscillation pressure to underground fluid through a pump truck 11;
in the process of monitoring the rising of the wellhead back pressure, when the back pressure is 0-40 Mpa, operating the oscillation system 5 once every 5Mpa, when the back pressure is 40Mpa, operating the oscillation system 5 once every 2Mpa, monitoring the fracturing dynamic construction curve displayed on the instrument truck 12, when the fracturing dynamic construction curve has obvious shape change, continuously operating the oscillation system for 10-20 minutes, shutting down the system, and performing sand adding operation after the discharge curve displayed on the instrument truck 12 is stable, wherein sand carrying liquid used in the sand adding operation is formed by mixing sand propping agent, fracturing liquid in a plurality of groups of liquid tanks 1 and additives according to a certain proportion;
sixthly, performing the displacement fluid operation of the fracturing construction, closing all inlet and outlet valves of the wellhead, and breaking gel time t according to the fracturing fluid0Determining the well closing time t, wherein the t is 1.2t0And cleaning and releasing the pump truck 11 and each high-pressure pipeline by using clean water by workers, lifting the underground pipe column and picking up the construction site, completing the fracturing construction work and safely withdrawing from the well site.
Optionally, the mineral species of the rock comprises at least one of: sandstone, limestone, dolomite.
Optionally, the type of the acid solution comprises at least one of the following: hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and all persons skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions of the present invention and the equivalent alternatives or modifications thereof within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation is realized by adopting a shale gas horizontal well operation device based on pressure oscillation, and the specific structure is as follows: including fracturing blender truck (2), acid tank truck (3), pump truck (11) and instrument truck (12) that have connect multiunit liquid jar (1), its characterized in that will respectively through high-pressure line pump truck (11) with instrument truck (12) are connected on production tree (10), will pump truck (11) with connect through the data line between instrument truck (12), will fracturing blender truck (2) with acid tank truck (3) are connected through high-pressure line respectively on pump truck (11) be equipped with the display that shows fracturing dynamic construction curve and pump truck discharge capacity curve on instrument truck (12), pump truck (11) still connect oscillating system (5) through high-pressure line pump truck (11) with still be provided with hydraulic valve (8) on the high-pressure line between oscillating system (5), oscillating system (5) are pressed the pipe including signal generator (4), The oscillating system (5) is connected with a pressure sensor (9) through a data line, the pressure sensor (9) is connected to the Christmas tree (10) through a high-pressure pipeline, a wellhead pressure signal is fed back through the pressure sensor (9) to start and operate the signal generator (4), and the servo mechanism (6) drives the plunger pump (7) to generate oscillating pressure;
the method for collecting shale gas by adopting the shale gas horizontal well device comprises the following specific steps:
determining rock mineral types and contents of horizontal well sections in a target reservoir according to analysis and processing results of seismic data and geological data of the shale gas target reservoir; the rock mineral species comprises at least one of: sandstone, limestone, dolomite;
secondly, determining the type and the content of acid in the well-flushing liquid for acidizing the well-flushing according to the rock mineral type and the content of the rock mineral type of the horizontal well section, starting a pump truck (11), and performing acidizing well-flushing operation on a target reservoir through an acid tank truck (3);
thirdly, preparing fracturing construction work, including circulation, pressure test and trial extrusion work in the fracturing construction;
fourthly, starting fracturing construction work, simultaneously starting an oscillation system (5), monitoring wellhead back pressure through a pressure sensor (9), enabling the oscillation system (5) to start and operate a signal generator (4) according to wellhead pressure signals fed back by the pressure sensor (9), enabling signals generated by the signal generator (4) to be transmitted to a servo mechanism (6) in the oscillation system, and enabling the servo mechanism (6) to control a plunger pump (7) according to the received signals to enable the plunger pump (7) to generate oscillation pressure, and further feeding back the oscillation pressure to underground fluid through a pump truck (11);
step five, in the process of monitoring the rising of the wellhead back pressure, when the back pressure is 0-40 Mpa, operating the oscillation system (5) once every 5Mpa rises, when the back pressure rises to 40Mpa, operating the oscillation system (5) once every 2Mpa rises, monitoring a fracturing dynamic construction curve displayed on an instrument truck (12), when the fracturing dynamic construction curve has obvious shape change, continuously operating the oscillation system (5) for 10-20 minutes, shutting down the system, and performing sand adding operation after a discharge curve displayed on the instrument truck (12) is stable, wherein sand carrying liquid used in the sand adding operation is formed by mixing a sand propping agent, fracturing liquid and additives in a plurality of groups of liquid tanks (1) according to a certain proportion;
sixthly, performing the displacement fluid operation of the fracturing construction, closing all inlet and outlet valves of the wellhead, and breaking gel time t according to the fracturing fluid0Determining the well closing time t, wherein the t is 1.2t0The working personnel clean and release the pump truck (11) and the high-pressure pipeline with clean water, lift the underground pipe column and pick up the construction site, and the fracturing construction work is completedAnd safely removing the well site.
CN201810027717.3A 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation Expired - Fee Related CN108266162B (en)

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CN201610298193.2A CN105863571B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 A kind of shale gas horizontal well operational method based on pressure oscillation

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CN201810027717.3A Expired - Fee Related CN108266162B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation
CN201810028125.3A Expired - Fee Related CN108150141B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method based on pressure oscillation
CN201610298193.2A Expired - Fee Related CN105863571B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 A kind of shale gas horizontal well operational method based on pressure oscillation
CN201810028120.0A Expired - Fee Related CN108561110B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method

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CN201810028120.0A Expired - Fee Related CN108561110B (en) 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 Shale gas horizontal well operation method

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CN105863571A (en) 2016-08-17
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CN108150141B (en) 2021-03-16
CN108561110B (en) 2021-03-16
CN108561110A (en) 2018-09-21
CN105863571B (en) 2018-01-16
CN108150141A (en) 2018-06-12
CN108150140B (en) 2021-03-16

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