CN108136529A - 用于制造双壁管的方法和双壁管 - Google Patents

用于制造双壁管的方法和双壁管 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108136529A
CN108136529A CN201680061332.8A CN201680061332A CN108136529A CN 108136529 A CN108136529 A CN 108136529A CN 201680061332 A CN201680061332 A CN 201680061332A CN 108136529 A CN108136529 A CN 108136529A
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Prior art keywords
tube
outer tube
inner tube
double
wall pipe
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CN201680061332.8A
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CN108136529B (zh
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T·许勒尔
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Butting & Co Kg H GmbH
H Butting GmbH and Co KG
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Butting & Co Kg H GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/154—Making multi-wall tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
    • B23K9/0282—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams for welding tube sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
    • B23K9/046—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces on surfaces of revolution
    • B23K9/048—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces on surfaces of revolution on cylindrical surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K9/232—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded of different metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
    • F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
    • F16L58/08—Coatings characterised by the materials used by metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F16L58/18—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings
    • F16L58/181—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings for non-disconnectible pipe joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/10—Pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/16—Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
    • B23K2103/166—Multilayered materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/0004—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C63/0013—Removing old coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/0017—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/0073—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor of non-flat surfaces, e.g. curved, profiled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/48—Preparation of the surfaces
    • B29C63/481—Preparation of the surfaces mechanically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/48—Preparation of the surfaces
    • B29C63/486—Preparation of the surfaces of metal surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/565—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits involving interference fits, e.g. force-fits or press-fits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301—Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/349—Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B29C66/612—Making circumferential joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B29C66/632—Internally supporting the article during joining using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/02—Rigid pipes of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
    • F16L9/147—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups comprising only layers of metal and plastics with or without reinforcement

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及一种用于制造双壁管(1)的方法和一种这样的管(1)，该管具有外管(3)，该外管与由耐腐蚀的合金组成的内管(2)压紧，其中，在外管(3)与内管(2)之间至少局部地引入粘接剂(4)，其中，在将内管(2)与外管(3)粘接之后将管端部上的内管(2)和粘接剂层(4)移除，并且在与内管(2)材料锁合地连接的情况下对外管(3)的内侧进行施覆。

Description

用于制造双壁管的方法和双壁管
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造具有外管的双壁管的方法，该外管与优选由耐腐蚀的合金组成的内管压紧，其中，在外管与内管之间至少局部地引入粘接剂。本发明也涉及这种双壁管。
背景技术
由DE 200 16 937U1已知一种双金属管，该双金属管由铁素体外管组成，以内高压成形方法将由耐腐蚀的合金、例如不锈钢组成的内管压入到该外管中。在制造这种管时的重要特征在于：在环境温度下内管在无缝的或经焊接的外管中的液压三维膨胀过程。在此，内管首先弹性地、然后塑性地扩开2％与5％之间，直至该内管贴靠在外管的内壁上。然后内管和外管还共同扩开大约0.5％至1％，其中，外管由两件式的外部工具来保持。通过机械液压的连接方法能够使大量不同的材料相互连接，只要原材料符合强度要求。
为了使双金属管也用于所谓的卷绕方法，在该卷绕方法中将管绕在大的卷筒上并且通常在离岸管铺设(Offshore-Rohrverlegung)时取下，提出：在外管与内管之间至少局部地设置粘接剂，以便防止内管或衬里从外管脱开或所述内管在展开时折叠。粘接剂优选是持久有弹性的粘合剂，该粘合剂可以接收高的拉力和剪力。在该内管被导入到外管中之前，粘接剂能够呈环形的粘接轴环的形式施加并且均匀地分布到内管的周面上。为了保证双金属管与管路的无缺陷的焊接，适合的是：每个双金属管的两个管端部分别是没有粘接剂的。所述管的端侧也应该是没有粘接剂的。
发明内容
本发明的任务是，提供一种方法，以该方法可以简单地制造能卷绕的双壁管。本发明的另一任务是，提供一种改善的能卷绕的双壁管。
根据本发明，该任务通过一种具有主权利要求的特征的方法以及一种具有并列权利要求的特征的双壁管来解决。本发明的有利构型和扩展方案在从属权利要求、说明书以及附图中公开。
根据本发明提出一种用于制造双壁管的方法，该双壁管具有外管，该外管与优选由耐腐蚀的合金组成的内管压紧，其中，在外管与内管之间至少局部地引入粘接剂，规定，在将内管与外管粘接之后将管端部上的内管和粘接剂层移除，并且在与内管材料锁合地连接的情况下对外管的内侧进行施覆(aufplattiert)。内管被压入到外管中，其方式为，所述内管被从内部扩开，替代地或补充地，通过挤压外管或通过减小外管的内直径、例如在将外管扩开之后通过冷却或通过减小内压力来实现压紧。通过移除内管和粘接剂层的一部分能够将焊覆部(Schweiβplattierung)高质量地施加在外管的内侧上，从而也可以满足对焊覆部或双壁管的安全技术上的要求。如果在存在有粘接剂或剩余粘接剂的情况下实施焊覆，则存在如下危险：在经焊覆的层内部形成夹杂物、缩孔或气孔，由此可能损害管的耐久性和质量并且可能也损害所需要的稳定性。通过焊覆部与外管和内管的材料锁合的连接能够提供一种机械稳定的管端部，该管端部可以在端侧上通过焊接与相对应的双壁管简单地连接，使得能够制造由双壁管区段组成的长的、能卷绕的管。在管线被管卷筒卷起和展开时，通过粘接剂层有效地避免内管或衬里的褶皱形成，使得一方面没有流动妨碍且另一方面没有腐蚀危险存在于内管的褶皱和外管之间的中间空间中。
外管的管端部在内侧上的焊覆是对于外管的磨损、氧化和腐蚀防护。通过焊覆使内管和外管的不同材料相互材料锁合地连接，其中，在外管内侧上焊覆的材料比外管的材料合金化程度更高。
内管的管端部能够以热和/或机械的方式移除，以便由此能够接触粘接剂层，该粘接剂层在管端部的区域中处于内管与外管之间，或者以便在移除内管的管端部之后在焊覆部应被施加的长度上能够接触外管。内管可以在待分离的管端部的区域中例如通过车削、铣削或磨削被机械分离，但或者也可以通过热的方法分离，如激光射束切割、激光射束燃烧切割或燃烧切割。替代地或补充地，使用如下研磨的或其他剥离的分离方法，在所述分离方法中内管通过呈电能、热能、化学反应及其组合的形式的物理的和化学的作用原理来分离。管端部可以完全以热和/或机械的方式移除，替代地能够仅移除内管的狭缝状或环形的部分，并且然后将内管的仅还由粘接剂层保持的经分离的部分从外管中移除。例如通过施加拉力或压力或通过施加扭力使待移除的内管区段运动出来，以便解除通过粘接剂所产生的附着。也能够在内管的待移除的管端部被机械和/或热分离或拆开之后，将粘接剂层以化学的、电化学的、热的或机械的方式移除或将粘接剂的粘接力消除或破坏到这样程度，使得经分离的内管端部可以从外管中移除。
在将内管端部移除之后，在外管内侧上的管端部的区域中可能仍存在的粘接剂可以以热的、化学的和/或机械的方式例如通过加热、燃烧、化学溶化或溶解或转变或通过机械制造方法移除。在将内管端部移除之后，同样可以使内管与外管之间的区域消除粘接剂，从而在内管与外管之间产生无粘接剂的间隙。
外管的内侧的表面可以在施覆之前以化学和/或机械的方式加工，以便确保施覆的材料在外管上改善的附着。尤其是粘接剂和可能的为了移除粘接剂所使用的材料的残留物通过外管的内侧的加工而被移除。因此，所述表面被清洁并且可能通过表面加工被这样制备，使得能够进行优化的施覆。
在生产双壁管时首先在整个长度上粘接内管，使得两个由内管和外管组成的基本上长度相同的管区段产生双壁管作为中间产物，其中，所述管在整个长度上并且有利地也整面地相互粘接。由此简化粘接剂施加，因为在将内管导入到外管中时在所述管的引导方面的不准确性是不成问题的，因为应该绝对没有内管或外管的区域没有被施加粘接剂。内管与外管的整面粘接建立内管相对于外管的可靠配属并且防止在卷绕时产生内管或衬里的褶皱形成。
内管有利地由耐腐蚀的合金、尤其由铬镍钢或镍基合金组成，其中，优选使用由碳素钢组成的管作为外管。通过焊覆使不同的钢种类材料锁合地相互连接。
优选使用持久有弹性的粘接剂作为粘接剂，以便能够在负载和敷设期间补偿在内管与外管之间存在热膨胀或可能的相对运动的情况下的差异。
在施覆期间可以冷却内管和/或外管。通过有利地以环绕的焊接过程(在该环绕的焊接过程的情况下，管在焊接过程中相对于施覆的材料或焊炬或电极转动)进行的焊覆，首先将缩短的内管通过焊覆材料与外管材料锁合地连接。从处于外管内部的这个区域开始，朝着管端部的方向螺线形地施加另外的材料，直至焊覆部从缩短的内管延伸直至外管内侧上的端侧上的管端部。为了避免可能导致粘接剂的粘接力减小的过高的温度峰值，从内部或外部作用于管的局部冷却是有利的。可以在焊覆开始之前使用冷却。在焊覆期间，既可以从内部也可以从外部进行冷却，同样可以仅从一侧进行冷却。同样可以进行再冷却。
焊覆材料在外管的内侧上形成闭合的覆层并且覆盖该外管的内侧，其中，为了施覆所使用的材料同样是耐腐蚀的。
双壁管具有外管，该外管与内管压紧，内管优选被压入到外管中，其中，在外管与内管之间至少局部地布置粘接剂，所述双壁管设置为：在外管的管端部上施加焊覆部，该焊覆部使外管与内管材料锁合地连接。因此，内管相对于外管缩短，更确切地说缩短了焊覆部的如下长度，内管在该长度上与外管材料锁合地耦合，其中，焊覆部优选整面地施加在外管的内侧上，以便保护外管免受机械和化学影响。内管优选由耐腐蚀的合金、尤其是由铬镍钢或镍基合金构造，而外管优选由碳素钢制造。
焊覆部优选在从管端部看50mm至250mm的长度上施加在外管上，以便在足够的长度上提供双壁管的纯金属的端侧，使得彼此相对置的双壁管的两个端部能够毫无问题地相互焊接。焊覆部的长度能够实现，管端部或端侧可以被机械地预加工，以便使得管端部能够可靠地并且可自动化地焊接成一个长的管线。
焊覆部优选延伸直至外管的端部，使得外管的内侧是完全防腐蚀的，也就是说首先通过焊覆部并且然后在管长度的进一步走向上通过内管或衬里实现防腐蚀。
焊覆部的内直径优选相当于内管的内直径，由此确保了：没有涡流或流动障碍可以出现在双壁管中，并且可以提供即使在管端部彼此焊接的情况下也具有几乎恒定的内直径的双壁管。
附图说明
下面参照附图详细阐释本发明的实施例。其中：
图1示出在粘接之后的双壁管端部的剖视图；
图2示出根据图1的管端部的立体的部分剖视图；
图3示出在移除一部分内管之后和在焊覆期间的管端部的剖视图；以及
图4示出图3的立体的部分剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1以部分剖视图示出双壁管1的端部，该双壁管具有内管2，该内管通过整面施加的粘接剂层4与外管3粘接。外管3由碳素钢组成并且比内管2厚得多，该内管构造为所谓的衬里并且由耐腐蚀的材料组成，优选由铬镍钢或镍基合金组成。为了制造双壁管1，内管2的外侧或外管3的内侧在整个长度上整面地设有粘接剂4。内管2在未装配的状态下具有小于外管3的内直径的外直径。在将内管2导入到外管3中之后，内管2机械地、例如液压机械地扩开，使得内管2的外侧与粘接剂4接触，并且共同使外管3至少稍微扩开。替代地或组合地，内管2可以被导入到经扩开的外管3中，该外管随后例如通过去应力、挤压外管或冷却来减小该外管的内直径。在机械的施覆方法结束之后，内管2均匀地贴靠在外管3的内侧上并且通过粘接剂层4与该外管力锁合地耦合。对此附加地，内管2在外管3中的配属和固定通过机械夹紧来进行，该机械夹紧基于内管2和外管3由于机械扩开或压紧所产生的不同复位行程。
不仅可以由图1而且也可以由图2得知，粘接剂层4均匀地施加在内管2的整个周边上和外管3的内周上，粘接剂层4达到双壁管1的端侧，内管端部21由此同样通过粘接剂层4与外管端部31连接。从该状态出发，进行双壁管1的进一步加工。
图3和4示出双壁管1在其制造结束时的管端部。内管端部21的一部分被移除，其方式为，内管端部21例如被车削掉、铣削掉或磨削掉。用于移除内管端部21的替代方法可以是引入环绕的狭缝并且必要时在移除这个区域中的粘接剂层4或使其失活之后将已分离的管端部拉出。环绕的狭缝可以通过机械的剥离或分离方法或也可以通过热分离方法如燃烧切割、激光燃烧切割或者电化学的或化学的工艺来实现。在移除内管端部21之后，将可能仍残留的粘接剂层4完全移除。所述移除可以以热的、机械的、化学的方式或以这些方法中的多个方法的组合来实施。同样可行并且设置的是：对外管端部31的没有粘接剂层4的内侧的表面进行机械加工、例如磨削或抛光。然后通过焊炬6将焊覆部5施加在双壁管1的没有内管端部21的部分上。焊覆部5的施加能够以环绕的施加方法进行，在该施加方法中，要么双壁管2要么焊炬6与待施加的焊接物一起转动。焊覆部5延伸直至管端部，即直至外管3的端侧并且将外管3与内管2材料锁合地连接。在此，粘接剂层4优选达到焊覆部5之前不远处。为了减少焊接区中的热损伤，可以在焊覆期间冷却、尤其是局部冷却外管3和/或内管2。
焊覆部5的内直径相当于内管2的内直径，焊覆部5可以在堆焊之后仍被机械加工，从而实现焊覆部5的基本上壁平滑的表面。外管端部31在焊覆部5制造完成之后在端侧完全是金属的，焊覆部可以在从外管3的端侧出发50mm至250mm的长度上伸入到双壁管1中。

Claims (13)

1.用于制造双壁管(1)的方法，所述双壁管具有外管(3)，该外管与由耐腐蚀的合金组成的内管(2)压紧，其中，在所述外管(3)与所述内管(2)之间至少局部地引入粘接剂(4)，其特征在于，在将所述内管(2)与所述外管(3)粘接之后将管端部(21、31)上的所述内管(2)和所述粘接剂层(4)移除，并且在与所述内管(2)材料锁合地连接的情况下对所述外管(3)的内侧进行施覆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述外管(3)的管端部(31)在所述内侧上被焊覆。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，以热的和/或机械的方式移除所述内管(2)的管端部(21)。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，以热的和/或机械的方式移除在所述管端部(21、31)的区域中在所述外管(3)的内侧上的和/或在内管(2)与外管(3)之间的所述粘接剂(4)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在施覆之前以化学的和/或机械的方式加工所述外管(3)的所述内侧的表面。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述内管(2)在整个长度上被粘接。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述内管(2)被整面地粘接。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述内管(2)和/或所述外管(3)在施覆期间被冷却。
9.双壁管(1)，具有外管(3)，所述外管与内管(2)压紧，其中，在所述外管(3)与所述内管(2)之间至少局部地布置有粘接剂(4)，其特征在于，在所述外管(3)的管端部(31)上施加焊覆部(5)，该焊覆部使所述外管(3)与所述内管(2)材料锁合地连接。
10.根据权利要求9所述的双壁管(1)，其特征在于，所述内管(2)由耐腐蚀的合金、尤其是由铬镍钢或镍基合金制造，并且所述外管(3)由碳素钢制造。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的双壁管，其特征在于，所述焊覆部(5)在从所述管端部看50mm至250mm的长度上施加在所述外管(3)上。
12.根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的双壁管(1)，其特征在于，所述焊覆部延伸直至所述外管(3)的端侧。
13.根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的双壁管(1)，其特征在于，所述焊覆部(5)的内直径相当于所述内管(2)的内直径。
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HK1250686A1 (zh) 2019-01-11
BR112018006916A2 (pt) 2018-10-16
SG11201803051SA (en) 2018-05-30
CN108136529B (zh) 2021-04-13
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