CN108131083B - 一种悬挂式平移中子屏蔽门 - Google Patents

一种悬挂式平移中子屏蔽门 Download PDF

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CN108131083B
CN108131083B CN201711422259.5A CN201711422259A CN108131083B CN 108131083 B CN108131083 B CN 108131083B CN 201711422259 A CN201711422259 A CN 201711422259A CN 108131083 B CN108131083 B CN 108131083B
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door leaf
doorframe
door
steel
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CN108131083A (zh
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何伦华
罗平
陈洁
康乐
卢怀乐
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Institute of High Energy Physics of CAS
Spallation Neutron Source Science Center
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
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    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
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    • E06B3/34—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement
    • E06B3/42—Sliding wings; Details of frames with respect to guiding
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    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
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Abstract

本发明涉及中子辐射防护技术领域，尤指一种电动平移实现开关的悬挂式平移中子屏蔽门；屏蔽门主要包括门扇、门框和驱动平移系统，其中门框开设在墙体上，门扇悬挂式安装在门框旁侧，驱动平移系统与门扇连接安装在门扇上方，驱动门扇往门框方向平移闭合和/或远离门框方向平移开启；门板主体采用“三明治”式的夹层结构，包括正面钢板、背面钢板以及夹在中间的含硼聚乙烯板，采用悬挂承重安装方式可避免因地面沉降或者门轴倾斜或变形等原因造成门体卡死；在闭门时包络增强台阶门框配合形成迷路，另外门扇底部下沉，嵌入至地面凹槽内以形成迷路，从而能有效减少中子泄露，且结构紧凑节省空间；能同时满足电动和手动开启和关闭功能。

Description

一种悬挂式平移中子屏蔽门
技术领域
本发明涉及中子辐射防护技术领域，尤指一种电动平移实现开关的悬挂式平移中子屏蔽门。
背景技术
由于中子不带电、穿透性强、具有磁矩、对轻元素敏感、能区分同位素及邻近元素等独特的优点，使得中子散射技术在物理、化学、新能源、生命、医药、材料、工程和国家安全等科学研究和工业应用领域发挥着不可替代的作用。但正因为中子不带电及穿透性强，对人体产生的危害非常严重，因此在中子应用场合，屏蔽门是工作人员和设备进出屏蔽室的主要通道，中子屏蔽门成了一道极为重要的安全保障。
现有技术中，通常使用厚重的钢壳包裹混凝土结构、具有水通道的复层门扇结构，其中纯混凝土屏蔽门结构厚重，不利于屏蔽门的快速开合，而具有水通道的复层门扇则因为分部繁杂的水通道使得门体结构复杂。也有采用钢板与含硼聚乙烯材料组成的对开平开屏蔽门，在门缝处分别设置固定与活动挡块，平开门设置阶梯式子口，结构复杂，且由于门体本身重量造成平开门转轴变形或者倾斜以及地面沉降容易导致屏蔽门卡死。利用为实现良好的屏蔽效果，更好的保护人身安全，选择合适的材料并合理中子屏蔽门结构显得尤为重要。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的不足，本发明旨在提供一种可以有效屏蔽中子辐射的隔离门，尤指一种可广泛用于中子应用的各种空间场合，尤其是辐射剂量较大的场合，可同时实现电动或手动开启或关闭的悬挂式平移中子屏蔽门。
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种悬挂式平移中子屏蔽门，所述的屏蔽门主要包括门扇、门框和驱动平移系统，其中门框开设在墙体上，门扇悬挂式安装在门框旁侧，驱动平移系统与门扇连接安装在门扇上方，驱动门扇往门框方向平移闭合和/或远离门框方向平移开启。
所述的门扇整体呈方体结构，包括门板主体和固定安装在门板主体四周的框体，门板主体采用“三明治”式的夹层结构，包括正面钢板、背面钢板以及夹在中间的含硼聚乙烯板，门扇背面钢板远离门框方向处纵向设置有钢质方形台阶。
所述的门框开设在墙体上，近门扇侧的墙体表面并与门框垂直的位置上设置有增强台阶门框，增强台阶门框以混凝土为主要原料采用灌浆料二次回抹方式呈凸台式门框成型在近门扇侧的墙体表面，增强台阶门框内外两侧面采用角钢框架框定限位通过膨胀螺栓固定在墙体上。
所述的驱动平移系统包括驱动装置和传动平移机构，驱动装置安装在门扇上端顶面，采用电机和减速器连接，所述的传动平移机构主要包括轨道式承重梁和跑车行走机构，所述的轨道式承重梁由承重工字钢与轨道构成，承重工字钢与轨道为一体浇铸成型，轨道式承重梁下侧固定设置有齿条；所述的跑车行走机构一端通过螺钉安装连接在门扇上端顶面，另外一端可滑动连接在轨道式承重梁的轨道上，跑车行走机构在轨道上往复运动跟随门扇左右往复平移实现开启和关闭。
所述的门扇的框体采用钢板结构固定支撑门板主体，通过焊接或者螺钉连接方式与门扇的正面钢板和背面钢板固定连接，将含硼聚乙烯板完全固定封闭在正面板、背面板和门框组成的方形体内。
所述的钢质方形台阶的左侧面与门扇左侧面平齐，上端面与门扇上端顶面平齐。
所述的门扇底部正对地面在横向方向上开设有与门扇底部形状相匹配的凹槽，闭门时钢质方形台阶和增强台阶门框形成迷路，同时门扇底部下沉，嵌入至地面凹槽内以形成迷路。
所述的减速器输入轴与电机输出轴连接，输出轴安装有电磁离合器与齿轮，齿轮与轨道式承重梁上固定安装的齿条啮合。
所述的跑车行走机构有两个，在门扇重心两侧呈对称布置。
所述的轨道式承重梁通过预埋工字钢或H钢支架安装在门扇上方，并通过悬吊牛腿固装在墙体上。
所述的轨道及跑车行走机构接触面为相互配合的圆弧形结构。
所述的增强台阶门框采用钢板+含硼聚乙烯板+钢板的类“三明治”式的夹层结构，并采用钢板包边。
所述的增强台阶门框右侧设置有凸出的门框加强屏蔽柱，门框加强屏蔽柱与墙体一起浇筑成一体。
本发明的有益效果是：首先，本发明的屏蔽门采用悬挂承重安装方式，不用设置平开门轴而是在轨道式承重梁上滑动平移实现门扇开启和关闭，轨道式承重梁刚性好强度大，且轨道式承重梁通过预埋工字钢或H钢支架及悬吊牛腿固装于墙体之上，而墙体为厚重高强度的钢筋混凝土结构墙，因此可避免因地面沉降或者门轴倾斜或变形等原因造成门体卡死；其次，屏蔽门的门扇采用“正面钢板+含硼聚乙烯板+背面钢板”组成的“三明治”结构，并设置钢块方形台阶，在闭门时包络增强台阶门框配合形成迷路，另外门扇底部下沉，嵌入至地面凹槽内以形成迷路，从而能有效减少中子泄露，且结构紧凑节省空间；再次，跑车行走机构使得承重分布均匀性好，轨道及跑车行走机构接触面为相互配合的圆弧形结构，使屏蔽门开合具有良好的平稳性；最后，减速器输出轴安装有电磁离合器，停电等特殊工况时离合器脱开，可通过人力开门，有利于人员应急逃离高辐射区，进而保证人身安全，使得本发明的门扇能同时满足电动和手动开启和关闭功能。
附图说明
图1是本发明的装配结构示意图。
图2是本发明中门扇的背面主视结构示意图。
图3是图2中A-A截面结构示意图。
图4是本发明中门框装在墙体上的结构示意图。
图5是本发明中驱动平移系统的装配结构示意图。
图6是本发明门扇处于闭门状态时门扇左侧迷路结构示意图。
图7是本发明门扇处于闭门状态时门扇右侧迷路结构示意图。
附图标注说明：1-门扇，101-正面钢板，102-背面钢板，103-含硼聚乙烯板，104-框体，2-门框， 21-增强台阶门框，22-角钢框架
3-驱动平移系统，31-电机，32-减速器，33-轨道式承重梁，34-跑车行走机构，35-轨道，36-H钢支架， 4-钢质方形台阶，5-门框加强屏蔽柱，6-凹槽，7-膨胀螺栓，8-齿条，9-电磁离合器，10-齿轮，11-悬吊牛腿，12-墙体，13-地面。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例结合说明书附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式：
为了对本发明进行详细清楚的说明，本权利要求书及说明书中所述的门扇1的背面钢板102为靠近辐射源面，门扇1的正面钢板101为远离辐射源面，本实施例的上、下、左、右、正面、背面是基于人面向屏蔽门，正对门扇1正面钢板101为基准参照；本实施例中，门口的开启是指门扇1远离门框2往左侧平移，门口的关闭是指门扇1从左侧往门框2方向闭合。
如图1-7所示，一种悬挂式平移中子屏蔽门，所述的屏蔽门主要包括门扇1、门框2和驱动平移系统3，其中门框2开设在墙体12上，门扇1悬挂式安装在门框2旁侧，驱动平移系统3与门扇1连接安装在门扇1上方，驱动门扇1往门框2方向平移闭合和/或远离门框2方向平移开启。
所述的门扇1整体呈方体结构，包括门板主体和固定安装在门板主体四周的框体104，门板主体采用“三明治”式的夹层结构，包括正面钢板101、背面钢板102以及夹在中间的含硼聚乙烯板103，门扇1背面钢板102远离门框2方向处纵向设置有钢质方形台阶4，钢质方形台阶4的左侧面与门扇1左侧面平齐，上端面与门扇1上端顶面平齐，既起到固定限位作用，又起到密闭空间的作用，提高了屏蔽中子的效果；所述的门扇1的框体104采用钢板结构固定支撑门板主体，通过焊接或者螺钉连接方式与门扇1的正面钢板101和背面钢板102固定连接，将含硼聚乙烯板103完全固定封闭在正面板、背面板和门框2组成的方形体内；钢板材质本身就有慢化中子作用，含硼聚乙烯是主要的中子吸收材料，吸收效率比钢与混凝土高，相比之下，使得门扇1的厚度比纯混凝土结构或钢板结构的厚度要薄，且含硼聚乙烯的密度很小，约1.1t/m3，比水大一点，而混凝土是水的2倍数，约2.4t/m3，所以整个门扇1的质量也可以得到大幅度降低。
所述的门框2开设在墙体上，近门扇1侧的墙体12表面并与门框2垂直的位置上设置有增强台阶门框21，增强台阶门框21以混凝土为主要原料采用灌浆料二次回抹方式呈凸台式门框成型在近门扇1侧的墙体12表面，增强台阶门框21内外两侧面采用角钢框架22框定限位通过膨胀螺栓7固定在墙体上；或者采用钢板+含硼聚乙烯板+钢板的类“三明治”式的夹层结构，并采用钢板包边，并通过膨胀螺栓7固定在墙体上；增强台阶门框21便于控制门扇1-门框2间间隙，使得屏蔽效果更好。
所述的驱动平移系统3包括驱动装置和传动平移机构，驱动装置安装在门扇1上端顶面，采用电机31和减速器32连接，所述的传动平移机构主要包括轨道式承重梁33和跑车行走机构34，所述的轨道式承重梁33由承重工字钢与轨道35构成，轨道式承重梁33通过预埋工字钢或H钢支架36安装在门扇1上方，并通过悬吊牛腿11固装在墙体12上，承重工字钢与轨道35为一体浇铸成型，轨道式承重梁33下侧固定设置有齿条8；减速器32输入轴与电机31输出轴连接，输出轴安装有电磁离合器9与齿轮10，齿轮10与轨道式承重梁33上固定安装的齿条8啮合，带动门扇1向右侧的门框2方向平行移动实现闭合或向左侧远离门框2方向平行移动实现开启；屏蔽门采用悬挂承重安装方式，不用设置平开门轴而是在轨道式承重梁33上滑动平移实现门扇1开启和关闭，轨道式承重梁33刚性好强度大，且轨道式承重梁33通过预埋工字钢或H钢支架36及悬吊牛腿11固装于墙体12之上，而墙体12为厚重高强度的钢筋混凝土结构墙，因此可避免因地面13沉降或者门轴倾斜或变形等原因造成门体卡死。
所述的跑车行走机构34在本技术领域上可以叫行车机构，也可以叫轨道轮，其中一端通过螺钉安装连接在门扇1上端顶面，另外一端可滑动连接在轨道式承重梁33的轨道35上，轨道35及跑车行走机构34接触面为相互配合的圆弧形结构，跑车行走机构34在轨道上往复运动跟随门扇1左右往复平移实现开启和关闭；所述的跑车行走机构34有两个，在门扇1重心两侧呈对称布置，使得承重分布均匀性好，轨道35及跑车行走机构34接触面为相互配合的圆弧形结构，使屏蔽门开合具有良好的平稳性；减速器32输出轴安装有电磁离合器9，停电等特殊工况时离合器9脱开，可通过人力开门，有利于人员应急逃离高辐射区，进而保证人身安全。
所述的门扇1底部正对地面13在横向方向上开设有与门扇1底部形状相匹配的凹槽6，可通过修形控制尺寸精度；增强台阶门框21右侧设置有凸出的门框加强屏蔽柱5，门框加强屏蔽柱5与墙体12一起浇筑成一体，加强屏蔽柱5设置在凹槽6右侧的末端，闭门时钢质方形台阶4包络增强台阶门框21形成迷路，同时门扇1底部下沉，嵌入至地面13凹槽6内以形成迷路，迷路在本技术领域上也称为迷宫，指一条不是直的缝隙需要拐弯，例如呈Z形的缝隙、或者凹形缝隙。
工作原理：电机31驱动减速器32工作，使齿轮10与固定安装在轨道式承重梁33下侧齿条8啮合，带动门扇1向右侧的门框2平行移动实现闭合，安装在门扇1上侧的跑车行走机构34在轨道35上与门扇1同步移动，进而实现电动平稳闭门操作，闭门时，如图6、图7所示，钢质方形台阶4包络门混凝土增强台阶门框21形成迷路；门扇1右侧与混凝土增强台阶门框21及门框加强屏蔽柱5形成迷路，能有效减少中子泄露，且结构紧凑节省空间。
应急逃离：屏蔽门闭门后，停电等特殊工况时电磁离合器9脱开，可通过人力撬动门扇1向左侧开门方向移动，实现手动应急开门，使被困人员逃离高辐射区，保证人身安全。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明的技术范围作任何限制，本行业的技术人员，在本技术方案的启迪下，可以做出一些变形与修改，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上的实施例所作的任何修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (2)

1.一种悬挂式平移中子屏蔽门，所述的屏蔽门主要包括门扇、门框和驱动平移系统，其中门框开设在墙体上，门扇悬挂式安装在门框旁侧，驱动平移系统与门扇连接安装在门扇上方，驱动门扇往门框方向平移闭合和/或远离门框方向平移开启；其特征在于：
所述的门扇包括门板主体和固定安装在门板主体四周的框体，门板主体采用“三明治”式的夹层结构，包括正面钢板、背面钢板以及夹在中间的含硼聚乙烯板，门扇背面钢板远离门方向处纵向设置有钢质方形台阶，钢质方形台阶的左侧面与门扇左侧面平齐，上端面与门扇上端顶面平齐，所述的门扇的框体采用钢板结构固定支撑门板主体，通过焊接或者螺钉连接方式与门扇的正面钢板和背面钢板固定连接，将含硼聚乙烯板完全固定封闭在正面板、背面板和门框组成的方形体内；
所述的门框开设在墙体上，近门扇侧的墙体表面并与门框垂直的位置上设置有增强台阶门框，增强台阶门框以混凝土为主要原料采用灌浆料二次回抹方式呈凸台式门框成型在近门扇侧的墙体表面，增强台阶门框内外两侧面采用角钢框架框定限位通过膨胀螺栓固定在墙体上；
所述的驱动平移系统包括驱动装置和传动平移机构，驱动装置安装在门扇上端顶面，采用电机和减速器连接，所述的传动平移机构主要包括轨道式承重梁和跑车行走机构，所述的轨道式承重梁由承重工字钢与轨道构成，轨道式承重梁通过预埋工字钢或H钢支架安装在门扇上方，并通过悬吊牛腿固装在墙体上，承重工字钢与轨道为一体浇铸成型，轨道式承重梁下侧固定设置有齿条；减速器输入轴与电机输出轴连接，输出轴安装有电磁离合器与齿轮，齿轮与轨道式承重梁上固定安装的齿条啮合，带动门扇向右侧的门框方向平行移动实现闭合或向左侧远离门框方向平行移动实现开启；所述的跑车行走机构其中一端通过螺钉安装连接在门扇上端顶面，另外一端可滑动连接在轨道式承重梁的轨道上，轨道及跑车行走机构接触面为相互配合的圆弧形结构，跑车行走机构在轨道上往复运动跟随门扇左右往复平移实现开启和关闭；所述的跑车行走机构有两个，在门扇重心两侧呈对称布置，减速器输出轴安装有电磁离合器；
所述的门扇底部正对地面在横向方向上开设有与门扇底部形状相匹配的凹槽，可通过修形控制尺寸精度；增强台阶门框右侧设置有凸出的门框加强屏蔽柱，门框加强屏蔽柱与墙体一起浇筑成一体，加强屏蔽柱设置在凹槽右侧的末端，闭门时钢质方形台阶包络增强台阶门框形成迷路，同时门扇底部下沉，嵌入至地面凹槽内以形成迷路。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种悬挂式平移中子屏蔽门，其特征在于：所述的增强台阶门框采用钢板+含硼聚乙烯板+钢板的类“三明治”式的夹层结构，并采用钢板包边，并通过膨胀螺栓固定在墙体上。
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