CN108112363B

CN108112363B - Straw crushing device

Info

Publication number: CN108112363B
Application number: CN201711362142.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 占学宽; 左伟媛; 张子天
Original assignee: Liuyang Yueliangdao Agricultural Technology Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Liuyang Yueliangdao Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-18
Filing date: 2017-12-18
Publication date: 2020-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-18
Also published as: CN108112363A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machine manufacturing, in particular to a straw crushing device. The crushing device comprises a shell, supporting legs, a discharge hole, a crushing plate, a material passing hole, a movable ring, a connecting spring, a separating plate, a movable plate, a cross-shaped crushing cutter, a cylinder, a lower pressing shaft, a top plate, a sliding block, a lower pressing rod, a supporting spring and a feed inlet; the straw crushing device is characterized in that a top plate is arranged at the top of the shell, a sliding block is arranged on the top plate, a crushing plate, a separating plate and a movable plate are mounted inside the shell, a cross-shaped crushing cutter is connected to the lower portion of the movable plate, the separating plate is arranged on the lower portion of the movable plate, the cross-shaped crushing cutter penetrates through the separating plate, a cylinder is arranged above the movable plate, a lower pressing shaft is arranged inside the cylinder, one end of the lower pressing rod is connected with the lower pressing shaft, the other end of the lower pressing rod is connected with the sliding block, when the rotating mechanism is started, the rotating mechanism drives a winding wheel to wind a wire rope, the sliding block is close to each other, the lower pressing shaft drives the movable plate.

Description

Straw crushing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of machine manufacturing, in particular to a straw crushing device.

Background

Along with the development of society, environmental protection of various countries is increasingly emphasized, and environmental protection is deeply paid attention to people, so that the environment protection has the requirement of living in better environment for both society and common people. China is a developing large country and is more important for protecting the environment. The recycling of the biomass soft materials is more urgent, and the effective utilization of the biomass soft materials is an important link in environmental protection.

The biomass flexible material is not convenient to transport and utilize due to small density and large volume, and the biomass flexible material must be treated when the biomass flexible material is effectively utilized. For the treatment of biomass flexible materials, crushing is mainly carried out.

The existing biomass flexible material crushing is usually equipment treatment due to the problems of crushing principle and equipment design

The capability is too small, and the granularity of the biomass flexible material after treatment cannot meet the utilization requirement.

The existing flexible biomass crusher mainly comprises one or more rollers for combined shearing and crushing. Due to feeding and crushing

The problem of principle, in the crushing process, the material easily twines, blocks up the working roll, influences the throughput and the treatment result of breaker (granularity overlength is too big).

In order to solve the problems, a Chinese patent with application number 201310692027.7 discloses a straw crusher, which comprises a frame, a motor, a belt pulley, a feeding hole, a quantitative feeding and discharging device, a rotating shaft, a quantitative feeding and discharging roller, a crushing device, a connecting shaft, a circular disc cutter, a steel wire saw blade, a discharging hole, a material guide plate, an electric control system and a conveyor. The quantitative feeding and discharging device comprises a rotating shaft and a quantitative feeding and discharging roller, material guide plates are arranged on the quantitative feeding and discharging roller at intervals, the crushing device comprises a connecting shaft, a circular disc cutter and a steel wire saw blade, the rotating shaft and a transmission shaft are connected with a belt pulley and a motor, a discharge port is arranged below the frame, materials enter the quantitative feeding and discharging device through the feeding port during working, the quantitative feeding and discharging roller rotates at a constant speed under the driving of rotation to bring the materials into a crushing area, the materials are cut by the steel wire saw blade on the connecting shaft rotating at a high speed and cut by the circular disc cutter to be crushed, and the processed materials are discharged from the discharge port under the action of centrifugal force of the crushing device and the quantitative feeding and discharging roller; the quantitative feeding device has the advantages that the quantitative feeding rotary roller feeds the material quantitatively to the material discharging device at a constant speed, so that the feeding speed is uniform, the material blocking phenomenon can be prevented, the device has a complex structure, the materials cannot be fully mixed, the circular cutter and the wire saw blade are easy to wear and not easy to replace, and certain influence is generated on the working efficiency of the device.

In view of the above, the present invention provides a straw device capable of overcoming the above technical problems, which can successfully solve the problems of uneven material mixing and cutter wear of a general device, and has the following specific beneficial effects:

1. the invention can improve the cutting efficiency of the straw by arranging the sawteeth on the cross crushing knife.

2. According to the straw crushing machine, the shifting teeth at the bottom of the separating plate are arranged, so that straws can be disordered by the shifting teeth, the straws can be conveniently punched and crushed next time, and the crushing efficiency is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a straw crushing device which is mainly suitable for cutting hay, straws or the like. The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a straw crushing device comprises a shell, supporting legs, a discharge hole, a crushing plate, a material passing hole, a movable ring, a connecting spring, a separating plate, a movable plate, a cross-shaped crushing knife, a cylinder, a lower pressing shaft, a top plate, a sliding block, a lower pressing rod, a supporting spring and a feed inlet; the shell is cylindrical, two support legs are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the shell, the support legs are cuboid, and the support legs are used for supporting the whole shell; the bottom of the shell is uniformly provided with discharge ports for discharging the ground straws; the straw crushing device comprises a shell, a discharge port, a crushing plate, a connecting spring, a material passing hole, a separating plate, a connecting spring, a material feeding hole, a separating plate and a connecting spring, wherein the crushing plate is arranged above the discharge port, is connected with the inner wall of the shell, two movable rings are arranged at symmetrical positions of the inner wall of the shell, the connecting spring is horizontally arranged on the movable rings, the material passing hole is uniformly formed in the crushing plate, the separating plate is horizontally arranged above the crushing plate, is circular, is connected with the connecting spring, is uniformly provided with a cross hole, the outer wall of the left side of the shell is provided with a feed inlet, the feed inlet is positioned above the crushing plate and below; a movable plate is arranged above the separating plate and is circular, the movable plate is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the shell, cross-shaped crushing knives are uniformly and vertically arranged below the movable plate, the tops of the cross-shaped crushing knives are connected with the bottoms of the movable plate, the bottoms of the cross-shaped crushing knives penetrate through cross holes in the separating plate, and the cross-shaped crushing knives are used for crushing straws; a cylinder is arranged at the right center above the movable plate and is fixedly connected with the movable plate; the inner wall of the cylinder is uniformly provided with Z-shaped grooves which are connected end to end, sliding pins are arranged in the Z-shaped grooves, the sliding pins are spherical, the sliding pins can slide in the spiral grooves, the Z-shaped grooves are provided with stop blocks which are inserted inwards from the outside of the cylinder wall, one ends of the stop blocks are hinged with inflection points on the upper layer of the spiral grooves, and the stop blocks can control the movement of the cylinder by controlling the movement of the sliding pins; a lower pressing shaft is arranged in the cylinder, and the center of the lower pressing shaft and the center of the cylinder are in the same vertical direction; the lower pressing shaft is cylindrical, a top plate is horizontally arranged above the lower pressing shaft and is circular, the top plate is connected with the top of the shell, sliding blocks are arranged at the symmetrical positions of the top plate and are hinged with the top plate, a lower pressing rod is connected below the sliding blocks, one end of the lower pressing rod is hinged with the bottom of the sliding blocks, the other end of the lower pressing rod is hinged with the top of the lower pressing shaft, when the sliding blocks are close to each other, the lower pressing rod can drive the lower pressing shaft to move downwards, and the lower pressing shaft drives the cylinder to move downwards; a support spring is arranged in the middle of the lower pressing shaft of the top plate, the upper end of the support spring is connected with the center of the bottom of the top plate, and the lower end of the support spring is connected with the center of the top surface of the lower pressing shaft; the straw crushing device is characterized in that a feed inlet is formed in the outer wall of the shell, the feed inlet is located between the separating plate and the crushing plate, and the feed inlet is used for placing straws into the shell.

The cross-shaped crushing cutter is made of a metal plate in a cross shape, sawteeth are arranged at the edge of the cross-shaped crushing cutter, and the cross-shaped crushing cutter can penetrate through a cross hole in the separating plate.

The straw crushing device is characterized in that the bottom of the separating plate is provided with a shifting tooth, the shifting tooth is a cuboid, the top end of the shifting tooth is connected with the bottom of the separating plate, and the shifting tooth is used for disordering straws so as to punch and crush the straws next time, so that the crushing efficiency can be remarkably improved.

The straw crushing device is characterized in that a rotating mechanism is arranged at the center of the top plate, a winding wheel is arranged above the rotating mechanism, two sides of the winding wheel are connected with the sliding block through a wire rope, the rotating mechanism can drive the winding wheel to rotate forwards and backwards, the winding wheel can drive the lower pressing rod and the lower pressing shaft to drive the cylinder to rotate downwards through forward and backward rotation, and the movable plate can be pressed downwards, so that the purpose of crushing straws in the shell is achieved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

3. The rotating mechanism is connected with the motor, so that the rolling wheel can be driven to rotate forwards and backwards, the rolling wheel rotates to drive the sliding blocks to move away from or close to each other, the lower pressing rod moves downwards or upwards, the lower pressing shaft is driven to move downwards or upwards, the straws in the box body can be compacted, and the crushing efficiency is improved.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an expanded schematic view of the cylinder of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the separator plate of the present invention;

in the figure: the crushing device comprises a shell 1, supporting legs 2, a discharge hole 3, a crushing plate 4, a material passing hole 5, a movable ring 6, a spring 7, a separating plate 8, a shifting tooth 81, a cross hole 82, a movable plate 9, a cross crushing cutter 10, sawteeth 101, a cylinder 11, a Z-shaped groove 111, a sliding pin 112, a stop block 113, a lower pressing shaft 12, a top plate 13, a rotating mechanism 131, a winding wheel 132, a wire rope 133, a sliding block 14, a lower pressing rod 15, a supporting spring 16 and a feeding hole 17.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the following embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 1, a straw crushing device comprises a shell 1, supporting legs 2, a discharge port 3, a crushing plate 4, a material passing hole 5, a movable ring 6, a spring 7, a separating plate 8, a movable plate 9, a cross-shaped crushing knife 10, a cylinder 11, a lower pressing shaft 12, a top plate 13, a slide block 14, a lower pressing rod 15, a supporting spring 16 and a feeding port 17; the shell 1 is cylindrical, two support legs 2 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, the support legs 2 are cuboids, and the support legs 2 are used for supporting the whole shell 1; the bottom of the shell 1 is uniformly provided with discharge ports 3, and the discharge ports 3 are used for discharging the ground straws; the straw crushing device is characterized in that a crushing plate 4 is arranged above the discharge port 3, the crushing plate 4 is circular, the crushing plate 4 is connected with the inner wall of the shell 1, two movable rings 6 are mounted at symmetrical positions of the inner wall of the shell 1, springs 7 are horizontally arranged on the movable rings 6, material passing holes 5 are uniformly formed in the crushing plate 4, a separating plate 8 is horizontally arranged above the crushing plate 4, the separating plate 8 is circular, the separating plate 8 is connected with the springs 7, cross holes are uniformly formed in the separating plate 8, a feed port 17 is formed in the outer wall of the left side of the shell 1, the feed port 17 is located above the crushing plate 4 and below the separating plate 8, and the feed port 17 is used for placing straws into the shell 1; a movable plate 9 is arranged above the separation plate 8, the movable plate 9 is circular, the movable plate 9 is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the shell 1, cross-shaped crushing knives 10 are uniformly and vertically arranged below the movable plate 9, the top of each cross-shaped crushing knife 10 is connected with the bottom of the movable plate 9, the bottoms of the cross-shaped crushing knives 10 penetrate through cross holes in the separation plate 8, and the cross-shaped crushing knives 10 are used for crushing straws; a cylinder 11 is arranged at the right center above the movable plate 9, and the cylinder 11 is fixedly connected with the movable plate 9; z-shaped grooves 111 which are connected end to end are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the cylinder 11, sliding pins 112 are arranged in the Z-shaped grooves 111, the sliding pins 112 are spherical, the sliding pins 112 can slide in the Z-shaped grooves 111, a stop block 113 which is inserted inwards from the outer wall of the cylinder 11 is arranged on the Z-shaped grooves, and one end of the stop block 113 is hinged with an inflection point on the upper layer of the Z-shaped grooves 111; a lower pressing shaft 12 is arranged in the cylinder 11, and the center of the lower pressing shaft 12 and the center of the cylinder 11 are in the same vertical direction; the lower pressing shaft 12 is cylindrical, a top plate 13 is horizontally arranged above the lower pressing shaft 12, the top plate 13 is circular, the top plate 13 is connected with the top of the shell 1, sliding blocks 14 are arranged at symmetrical positions of the top plate 13, the sliding blocks 14 are hinged with the top plate 13, a lower pressing rod 15 is connected below the sliding blocks 14, one end of the lower pressing rod 15 is hinged with the bottom of the sliding block 14, the other end of the lower pressing rod 15 is hinged with the top of the lower pressing shaft 12, when the sliding blocks 14 approach, the lower pressing rod 15 can drive the lower pressing shaft 12 to move downwards, and the lower pressing shaft 12 drives the cylinder 11 to move downwards; a supporting spring 16 is arranged between the top plate 13 and the lower pressing shaft 12, the upper end of the supporting spring 16 is connected with the center of the bottom of the top plate 13, and the lower end of the supporting spring 16 is connected with the center of the top surface of the lower pressing shaft 12; the outer wall of the shell is provided with a feed inlet 17, the feed inlet 17 is positioned between the separating plate 8 and the crushing plate 4, and the feed inlet 17 is used for placing straws into the shell 1.

The cross-shaped crushing cutter 10 is made of a cross-shaped metal plate, sawteeth 101 are arranged at the edge of the cross-shaped crushing cutter 10, and the cross-shaped crushing cutter 10 can penetrate through the cross-shaped hole 82 in the separating plate 8.

8 bottoms of separator plate set up and dial tooth 81, it is the cuboid to dial tooth 81, the top of dialling tooth 81 is connected with 8 bottoms of separator plate, dials tooth 81 and is used for disorganizing the straw so that carry out punching press and breakage to the straw next time, can show improvement crushing efficiency.

The rotating mechanism 131 is arranged at the center of the top plate 13, the winding wheel 132 is arranged above the rotating mechanism 131, two sides of the winding wheel 132 are connected with the sliding block 14 through a wire 133, the rotating mechanism 131 can drive the winding wheel 132 to rotate forwards and backwards, the winding wheel can drive the lower pressing rod 15 and the lower pressing shaft 12 to drive the cylinder 11 to rotate downwards through forward and backward rotation, and the movable plate 9 can be pressed downwards, so that the purpose of crushing straws in the shell 1 is achieved.

The serrations 101 on adjacent sides of the cruciform crushing blade 10 face in opposite directions.

The working process is as follows:

firstly, putting straws into the shell 1 from the feeding hole 17, starting the rotating mechanism 131, driving the winding wheel to rotate by the rotating mechanism 131, tightening the wire rope 133 when the winding wheel rotates forwards, driving the sliding blocks 14 to approach each other by the wire rope 133, driving the lower pressing shaft 12 to move downwards by the sliding blocks 14 by driving the lower pressing rod 15, driving the cylinder 11 to move downwards along with the sliding blocks, driving the cross-shaped crushing knife 10 to move downwards by the movable plate 9, and simultaneously, driving the cross-shaped crushing knife 10 to move downwards and rotate, so that the sawteeth 101 can crush the straws in the shell 1; the minced straw passes through a material passing hole 5 on the crushing plate 4 and finally flows out of the discharge hole 3.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A straw crushing device is characterized in that: the crushing device comprises a shell (1), supporting legs (2), a discharge hole (3), a crushing plate (4), a material passing hole (5), a movable ring (6), a connecting spring (7), a separating plate (8), a movable plate (9), a cross-shaped crushing cutter (10), a cylinder (11), a lower pressing shaft (12), a top plate (13), a sliding block (14), a lower pressing rod (15), a supporting spring (16) and a feed inlet (17); the shell (1) is cylindrical, the bottom of the shell (1) is symmetrically provided with two support legs (2), the support legs (2) are cuboid, the bottom of the shell (1) is uniformly provided with a discharge port (3), a crushing plate (4) is arranged above the discharge port (3), the crushing plate (4) is circular, the crushing plate (4) is connected with the inner wall of the shell (1), two movable rings (6) are installed at the symmetrical positions of the inner wall of the shell (1), a connecting spring (7) is horizontally arranged on each movable ring (6), material passing holes (5) are uniformly formed in the crushing plate (4), a separating plate (8) is horizontally arranged above the crushing plate (4), the separating plate (8) is circular, the separating plate (8) is connected with the connecting spring (7), and cross holes (82) are uniformly formed in the separating plate (8); a feed inlet (17) is formed in the outer wall of the left side of the shell (1), the feed inlet (17) is located above the crushing plate (4) and below the separating plate (8), and the feed inlet (17) is used for placing straws into the shell (1); a movable plate (9) is arranged above the separation plate (8), the movable plate (9) is circular, the movable plate (9) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the shell (1), a cross-shaped crushing cutter (10) is uniformly and vertically arranged below the movable plate (9), the top of the cross-shaped crushing cutter (10) is connected with the bottom of the movable plate (9), and the bottom of the cross-shaped crushing cutter (10) penetrates through a cross hole (82) in the separation plate (8); a cylinder (11) is arranged at the right center above the movable plate (9), and the cylinder (11) is fixedly connected with the movable plate (9); z-shaped grooves (111) which are connected end to end are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the cylinder (11), sliding pins (112) are arranged in the Z-shaped grooves (111), the sliding pins (112) are spherical, the sliding pins (112) can slide in the Z-shaped grooves (111), stop blocks (113) which are inserted from the outside to the inside of the cylinder wall are arranged on the Z-shaped grooves (111), and one ends of the stop blocks (113) are hinged with inflection points of the upper layer of the sliding grooves; a lower pressing shaft (12) is arranged in the cylinder (11), and the center of the lower pressing shaft (12) and the center of the cylinder (11) are in the same vertical direction; the lower pressing shaft (12) is cylindrical, a top plate (13) is horizontally arranged above the lower pressing shaft (12), the top plate (13) is circular, and the top plate (13) is connected with the top of the shell (1); the top plate (13) is symmetrically provided with sliding blocks (14), the sliding blocks (14) are hinged with the top plate (13), a lower pressing rod (15) is connected below the sliding blocks (14), one end of the lower pressing rod (15) is hinged with the bottom of the sliding blocks (14), and the other end of the lower pressing rod (15) is hinged with the top of the lower pressing shaft (12); and a supporting spring (16) is arranged in the middle of the top plate (13) and the pressing shaft (12), the upper end of the supporting spring (16) is connected with the center of the bottom of the top plate (13), and the lower end of the supporting spring (16) is connected with the center of the top surface of the pressing shaft (12).

2. The straw crushing device of claim 1, wherein: the cross-shaped crushing cutter (10) is made of a cross-shaped metal plate, saw teeth (101) are uniformly arranged at the edge of the cross-shaped crushing cutter (10), and the cross-shaped crushing cutter (10) can penetrate through a cross hole (82) in the separating plate (8).

3. The straw crushing device of claim 1, wherein: set up bottom the separation plate (8) and dial tooth (81), it is the cuboid to dial tooth (81), the top of dialling tooth (81) is connected with separation plate (8) bottom.

4. The straw crushing device of claim 1, wherein: the center of the top plate (13) is provided with a rotating mechanism (131), a winding wheel (132) is arranged above the rotating mechanism (131), two sides of the winding wheel (132) are connected with the sliding block (14) through a wire rope (133), and the rotating mechanism (131) can drive the winding wheel (132) to rotate forwards and backwards.

5. The straw crushing device of claim 2, wherein: the sawteeth (101) on the adjacent sides of the cross-shaped crushing knife (10) are opposite in direction.