CN108106998A - Atmosphere pollution detection device and detection method - Google Patents
Atmosphere pollution detection device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108106998A CN108106998A CN201810009934.XA CN201810009934A CN108106998A CN 108106998 A CN108106998 A CN 108106998A CN 201810009934 A CN201810009934 A CN 201810009934A CN 108106998 A CN108106998 A CN 108106998A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 203
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000241872 Lycium chinense Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000015468 Lycium chinense Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000041 tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of gas detection, and in particular to a kind of gas-detecting device, especially a kind of atmosphere pollution detection device and detection method.Device includes laser emitting module, input path, detection module, emitting light path, laser pick-off module, control single chip computer, computer, Cloud Server；The present invention is converted into normal room temperature using by air to be detected, normal atmosphere is depressed, and is detected by dry mode, and this detection mode avoids different temperature, humidity, error when air pressure detects infrared absorption, it need not be modified, it is as a result more accurate.Pollutant concentration under obtained standard state after calculating is converted to the concentration of pollutant in the air under state at that time, it can be compared with the data of high in the clouds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of gas detection, particularly relates to a gas detection device, and particularly relates to an atmospheric pollutant detection device and a detection method.
Background
Atmospheric pollutants, refer to those substances that are emitted into the atmosphere due to human activities or natural processes and have a harmful effect on humans and the environment. In a dry clean atmosphere, the composition of the constant gas is negligible. However, in a certain range of atmosphere, trace substances which are not available originally appear, and the quantity and the duration of the trace substances can cause adverse effects and harm to people, animals, plants, articles and materials. When the concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere reaches a harmful level, the ecological system and the conditions for normal survival and development of human beings are destroyed, and the phenomenon of harming human beings or objects is called atmospheric pollution.
Atmospheric pollutants can be mainly divided into two categories, namely natural pollutants and man-made pollutants, and the pollution-causing pollutants are often man-made pollutants and mainly come from fuel combustion and large-scale industrial and mining enterprises. Particulate matter: it refers to liquid and solid matter in the atmosphere, also called dust, and is pm 2.5. Sulfur oxides: is a generic term for sulfur oxides, including sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, disulfur trioxide, sulfur monoxide, and the like. Oxide of carbon: mainly carbon monoxide. Nitrogen oxides: is a generic term for nitrogen oxides, including nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, dinitrogen trioxide, and the like. Hydrocarbon compound (b): is a compound formed by carbon element and hydrogen element, such as hydrocarbon gas of methane, ethane, etc. Other harmful substances: such as heavy metals, fluorine-containing gases, chlorine-containing gases, and the like.
At present, the tunable semiconductor laser technology is mainly adopted for detecting the atmospheric pollutants, the technology of the tunable semiconductor laser is mature day by day, and the application of the tunable semiconductor laser in an optical communication network is increased gradually. However, the current tunable semiconductor laser technology has some disadvantages for detecting atmospheric pollutants, such as:
application number 2017103299038's patent application adopts the TDLAS technique to carry out the detection of real-time CO concentration, adopts the testing result of revising the formula and revising CO, has improved the detection accuracy of CO concentration, but only adopts the revision formula to be difficult to satisfy the influence of different gases to detecting, and the revision formula can not adjust in real time to external condition, and the revision result still has certain deviation.
Application number 201710435871X's patent application adopts the method of parallelly connected two air chambers, eliminates the temperature drift that TDLAS detected, but the equipment structure of its adoption is complicated, need design two identical air chambers, and its air chamber is fixed structure moreover, can not adjust, is difficult to adapt to the detection under the no atmospheric pressure.
Application number 201620410262X's patent application adopts the TDLAS method to detect multiple gas composition, and its mode that adopts different gas chambers carries out standard gas's detection to realize the detection of multiple gas concentration. However, when different gases are detected, different gas chambers need to be replaced, it is difficult to detect a plurality of gases simultaneously, and the calibration has an error because a gas absorption peak of a single component generally affects the actual gas.
The patent application of application number 2015106513566 has designed the absorption cell of a long optical path, and its absorption cell adopts helical structure, has reduced the volume of absorption cell, has improved the precision that detects, but the curved surface processing of its absorption cell is very difficult, and its optical path is fixed, is difficult to adjust, can not adjust to the gas of different concentrations.
To sum up, the detection device and the detection mode in the prior art are difficult to overcome the influence of temperature, humidity and air pressure on the detection result, and a single detection device is difficult to be suitable for the detection of multiple gases, and in addition, the structure is complex, the equipment function is single, and the intelligent technology and the like are not adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects and designs the atmospheric pollutant detection device.
According to the relation between the temperature and the atmospheric pressure, the gas pressure is from P after the gas enters the detection cavity on the assumption that the temperature does not changeFruit of Chinese wolfberryChange to PSign boardSince this change is due to a volume change, the gas concentration N in the detection chamberInner part/NOuter cover=PSign board/PFruit of Chinese wolfberryI.e. NOuter cover=NInner part×PFruit of Chinese wolfberry/PSign board. On the basis, the internal and external temperatures also change, and when the temperature is from TFruit of Chinese wolfberryChange to TSign boardWhen, assuming the volume is constant, PInner part/POuter cover=TSign board/TFruit of Chinese wolfberryI.e. PInner part=POuter cover×TSign board/TFruit of Chinese wolfberry. That is, the air pressure in the detection chamber changes by T due to the change of the temperatureSign board/TFruit of Chinese wolfberryThis change in gas pressure has no effect on the concentration and therefore needs to be removed at the time of processing, that is, the actual NOuter cover=NInner part×PFruit of Chinese wolfberry×TSign board/(PSign board×TFruit of Chinese wolfberry). Therefore, when the temperature and the pressure in the detection chamber are changed, after the gas concentration in the actual inner part is detected, N can be usedOuter cover=NInner part×PFruit of Chinese wolfberry×TSign board/(PSign board×TFruit of Chinese wolfberry) And calculating to obtain the gas concentration of the actual external environment.
The invention designs an atmospheric pollutant detection device based on the principle, which comprises a laser emission module, an incident light path, a detection module, an emergent light path, a laser receiving module, a control single chip microcomputer, a computer and a cloud server, wherein the laser emission module is used for emitting laser light; the cloud server is connected with the internet, and the cloud server stores the temperature, the humidity, the air pressure and the concentration data of different pollutant gases at all positions.
The laser emission module includes: a modulation signal generator, a wavelength scanning signal generator, a current controller, a temperature controller, a laser and a laser energy detector;
the incident light path and the emergent light path are formed by optical fibers; one end of the incident light path is connected with the laser emission module, and the other end of the incident light path is connected with the detection module; one end of the emergent light path is connected with the laser receiving module, and the other end of the emergent light path is connected with the detection module;
the laser receiving module comprises a spectrometer;
the laser emitting module, the detection module and the laser receiving module are respectively connected with the control single chip microcomputer, the control single chip microcomputer is connected with a computer, and the computer is in remote communication with the cloud server;
the control singlechip is provided with a time sequence circuit and can control the time difference between the laser emission of the laser emission module and the signal reception of the laser receiving module; the control single chip is responsible for controlling the laser emitting module to emit laser, the laser receiving module to receive laser and the detection module to operate the detection steps according to the detection parameters output by the computer, and transmits the received data of the laser receiving module to the computer.
The computer is provided with a GPS module and a sensor module, and can be used for positioning and acquiring temperature, humidity and air pressure data of the current position through the sensor module; the computer can download the temperature, humidity, air pressure and existing pollutant concentration data of the position where the computer is located from the cloud server; the computer calculates according to the detection parameters and the data uploaded by the control single chip microcomputer to obtain a detection result of the atmospheric pollutants, and uploads the detection result to the cloud server;
the computer is provided with a display module, and the display module can compare and display the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data downloaded from the cloud server with the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data obtained by the sensor module and calculated by the computer;
the detection module comprises a standard gas cylinder, an air inlet pipeline, an adjustable long optical path pool, an air outlet pipeline and an optical path pool controller; the standard gas cylinder is filled with standard atmosphere mixed gas containing various atmosphere pollutants with known concentrations.
The adjustable long optical path cell includes: the optical path pool comprises a cylindrical shell, a left reflector, a right reflector and a sensor group; the left reflector is fixedly arranged at the left end of the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool and is in sealing connection with the cylindrical shell, an incident light port and an emergent light port are formed in the left reflector, and the incident light port and the emergent light port are respectively connected with an incident light path and an emergent light path; the right reflector is connected to the right side of the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool in a sliding manner, a hydraulic push-pull rod is arranged on the back surface of the right reflector, the other end of the hydraulic push-pull rod is connected to the right end of the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool, and the right reflector can be driven to slide back and forth in the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic push-pull rod so as to change the volume of the optical path pool; the right reflector is connected with the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool in a sealing sliding way; the right reflector is provided with a distance measuring transmitting head and a distance measuring receiving head, and the mounting positions of the distance measuring transmitting head and the distance measuring receiving head on the right reflector correspond to the mounting positions of the incident light port and the emergent light port on the left reflector, so that the optical path of emergent light incident from the incident light port to the emergent light port is equal to the optical path of emergent light transmitted from the distance measuring transmitting head to the distance measuring receiving head;
the sensor group is arranged between the left reflector and the right reflector in the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool and is embedded on the inner wall of the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool, and the sensor group is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an air pressure sensor; the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool is provided with a heating device and an air cooling device, and a drying filtering membrane is arranged behind the air inlet single valve;
an air inlet and an air outlet are also arranged between the left reflector and the right reflector in the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool, the air inlet is arranged on the bottom surface of the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool, and the air outlet is arranged on the top surface of the cylindrical shell of the optical path pool; the air inlet pipeline is connected with the air inlet, and the air outlet pipeline is connected with the air outlet;
the air inlet pipeline comprises a controllable three-way valve, and three connecting ports of the controllable three-way valve are respectively connected with one end of a standard air bottle connecting pipeline, an air connecting pipeline and one end of a detection pool connecting pipeline; the other end of the standard gas bottle connecting pipeline is connected with a standard gas bottle, the other end of the air connecting pipeline is open to the atmosphere, and the other end of the detection cell connecting pipeline is connected with a gas inlet at the lower end of the adjustable long-optical-path cell; the detection cell connecting pipeline is provided with an air inlet one-way valve, only airflow is allowed to flow to the adjustable long optical path cell from the three-way valve, and the air inlet one-way valve can be closed;
one end of the gas outlet pipeline is connected with a gas outlet of the adjustable long-optical-path pool, and the other end of the gas outlet pipeline is connected with a gas extraction pump; an air outlet one-way valve is arranged on the air outlet pipeline, only the air flow is allowed to flow to the air pump from the adjustable long optical path pool, and the air outlet one-way valve can be closed;
the controllable three-way valve, the air inlet one-way valve, the air outlet one-way valve, the air suction pump, the sensor group, the hydraulic push-pull rod, the distance measuring transmitting head and the distance measuring receiving head are electrically connected with the optical path pool controller.
Further, a method for detecting atmospheric pollutants by using the detection device of claim 1 is designed, which comprises the following steps:
1) the computer is connected and positioned through a GPS, and temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data of the current position are obtained through a cloud server.
2) The computer sends a starting monitoring command to the control single chip microcomputer, the control single chip microcomputer controls the laser emitting module to emit laser, the laser receiving module to receive the laser, the detection module detects pollutant concentration data, the control single chip microcomputer obtains the data of the laser receiving module and transmits the data to the computer, and the computer calculates according to the detection parameters and the data uploaded by the control single chip microcomputer to obtain a detection result of the atmospheric pollutants;
3) the computer uploads the detection result together with the positioning data of the GPS and the temperature, humidity and air pressure acquired by the sensor module to the cloud server;
4) the computer compares and displays the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data downloaded from the cloud server and the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data obtained by the sensor module through calculation by the computer at the display module, wherein the displayed pollutant concentration is the pollutant concentration data obtained by converting the calculated pollutant concentration data into the external environment.
The step 2) is specifically as follows:
2-1) the computer sends the detection wavelength to the control singlechip;
2-2) the control singlechip determines working parameters of the laser emitting module and the laser receiving module according to the detection wavelength, wherein the working parameters comprise working parameters of a modulation signal generator, a wavelength scanning signal generator, a current controller and a temperature controller and working parameters of a spectrometer;
2-3) controlling the single chip microcomputer to control the detection module to detect the standard gas, transmitting the detection data of the standard gas of the laser receiving module to the computer, comparing the detection data with the standard gas data stored in the computer, and if the detection data of the standard gas is less than 99% of the standard gas data stored in the computer or more than 101% of the standard gas data stored in the computer, reporting an error by the computer and informing a tester of equipment maintenance;
2-4) controlling the single chip microcomputer to control the detection module to detect the atmospheric pollutants, obtaining data of the laser receiving module by the control single chip microcomputer and transmitting the data to the computer, and calculating by the computer according to the detection parameters and the data uploaded by the control single chip microcomputer to obtain a detection result of the atmospheric pollutants;
the step 2-3 is specifically as follows:
2-3-1) the controller of the optical path pool controls the air inlet one-way valve to be closed, the air outlet one-way valve to be opened, the air pump to be opened, the hydraulic push-pull rod to be extended to the longest length to enable the volume in the optical path pool to be the smallest, and the air pressure sensor to monitor the air pressure in the optical path pool in real time;
2-3-2) when the air pressure in the optical path pool is less than 0.001 atmospheric pressure, the optical path pool controller controls the air pump to be closed, the air outlet one-way valve is closed, and the hydraulic push-pull rod is contracted to half of the movable distance;
2-3-3) the controller of the optical path pool controls the air inlet one-way valve to be opened, the controllable three-way valve is communicated with the optical path pool and a standard gas cylinder, standard gas enters the optical path pool, and the pressure sensor monitors the pressure in the optical path pool in real time;
2-3-4) when the air pressure in the optical path pool is 1 atmosphere, the optical path pool controller controls the air inlet one-way valve to be closed, the optical path pool controller controls the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor to obtain the temperature and the humidity in the optical path pool, the air temperature in the optical path pool is controlled to be 25 ℃ through the heating device and the air cooling device, and the humidity detected by the humidity sensor is waited to be 0;
2-3-5) the controller of the optical path pool controls the hydraulic push-pull rod to stretch and retract, and the air pressure in the optical path pool is adjusted to be 1 atmosphere;
2-3-6) the optical path pool controller controls the distance measuring transmitter and the distance measuring receiver to measure the optical path in the optical path pool;
2-3-7) controlling the singlechip to control the laser transmitter to transmit laser and control the laser receiver to receive laser signals and split light;
2-3-8) controlling the singlechip to send the receiving signal of the laser receiver and the optical path in the optical path pool to the computer;
2-3-9) computer calculates the concentration c from a = lg (1/T) = Kbc and compares c to the concentration of the measured component in the standard gas stored by the computer, where: a is absorbance, T is transmittance, and is the ratio of emergent light intensity I to incident light intensity I0(ii) a K is the molar absorption coefficient, which is related to the absorbentA constant related to the nature of the substance and the wavelength of the incident light; c is the concentration of the light-absorbing substance and b is the thickness of the absorbing layer, i.e. the measured optical path, where I0For the intensity of light obtained by the spectrometer, I is a known quantity, and K, b is also a known quantity;
2-3-10) if the detection data of the standard gas is less than 99% of the data of the standard gas stored in the computer or more than 101% of the data of the standard gas stored in the computer, the computer reports an error and informs a tester to carry out equipment maintenance;
the step 2-4) is specifically as follows:
2-4-1) the controller of the optical path pool controls the air inlet one-way valve to be closed, the air outlet one-way valve to be opened, the air pump to be opened, the hydraulic push-pull rod to be extended to the longest length to enable the volume in the optical path pool to be the minimum, and the air pressure sensor to monitor the air pressure in the optical path pool in real time;
2-4-2) when the air pressure in the optical path pool is less than 0.001 atmospheric pressure, the optical path pool controller controls the air pump to be closed, the air outlet one-way valve is closed, and the hydraulic push-pull rod is contracted to half of the movable distance;
2-4-3) the controller of the optical path pool controls the air inlet one-way valve to be opened, the controllable three-way valve is communicated with the optical path pool and the atmosphere, the atmosphere enters the optical path pool, and the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure in the optical path pool in real time;
2-4-4) when the air pressure in the optical path pool is 0.9 atmosphere, the optical path pool controller controls the air inlet one-way valve to be closed, the optical path pool controller controls the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor to obtain the temperature and the humidity in the optical path pool, the air temperature in the optical path pool is controlled to be 25 ℃ through the heating device and the air cooling device, and the humidity detected by the humidity sensor is waited to be 0;
2-4-5) the controller of the optical path pool controls the hydraulic push-pull rod to stretch and retract, and the air pressure in the optical path pool is adjusted to be 1 atmosphere;
2-4-6) the optical path pool controller controls the distance measuring transmitter and the distance measuring receiver to measure the optical path in the optical path pool;
2-4-7) controlling the singlechip to control the laser transmitter to transmit laser and control the laser receiver to receive laser signals and split light;
2-4-8) controlling the singlechip to send the receiving signal of the laser receiver and the optical path in the optical path pool to the computer;
2-4-9) calculating the concentration of the component to be measured according to A = lg (1/T) = Kbc by a computer, wherein: a is absorbance, T is transmittance, and is the ratio of emergent light intensity I to incident light intensity I0(ii) a K is a molar absorption coefficient, which is a constant related to the nature of the absorbing species and the wavelength of the incident light; c is the concentration of the light absorbing substance, b is the thickness of the absorbing layer, i.e. the measured optical path, where I is the light intensity obtained by the spectrometer, I is0K, b is also a known quantity, which is obtained by the laser's power meter.
The formula for converting the calculated pollutant concentration data into the pollutant concentration data of the external environment is as follows:
Nouter cover=NInner part×PFruit of Chinese wolfberry×TSign board/(PSign board×TFruit of Chinese wolfberry)
Wherein N isOuter coverIs the actual concentration of the contaminant, N, in the environmentInner partIs the concentration of contaminant, P, in the optical path cell obtained by the computerFruit of Chinese wolfberryIs the actual pressure of the outside world, TSign boardIs an absolute temperature of 298.15K, P at 25 DEG CSign boardStandard atmospheric pressure, TFruit of Chinese wolfberryIs the absolute temperature of the actual temperature of the outside world.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the mode of converting the atmosphere to be detected into the standard room temperature and drying the atmosphere under the standard atmospheric pressure for detection, and the detection mode avoids the errors of different temperatures, humidity and air pressure in the infrared absorption detection without correction.
2. The optical path cell can adjust the volume and the optical path, can be suitable for detection under different optical paths, and can adjust the temperature and the air pressure, so that all detections are carried out under the same state, and the result is more accurate.
3. The standard gas cylinder of the invention stores the gas with known standard concentration and containing various atmospheric pollutants, so that various gases to be measured can be directly calibrated without replacing the standard gas.
4. The optical path cell has simple structure and easy processing, and the distance measuring device is designed in the optical path cell, so that the optical path can be accurately measured.
5. The calculated pollutant concentration in the standard state is converted into the pollutant concentration in the atmosphere in the current state, and the pollutant concentration can be compared with cloud data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an atmospheric pollutant detection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detection module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-2
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, an atmospheric pollutant detection device includes a laser emission module 1, an incident light path 2, a detection module 3, an emergent light path 4, a laser receiving module 5, a control single chip 6, a computer 7, and a cloud server 8;
the laser emission module 1 includes: a modulation signal generator 101, a wavelength scanning signal generator 102, a current controller 103, a temperature controller 104, a laser 105, a laser energy detector;
the incident light path 2 and the emergent light path 4 are formed by optical fibers; one end of the incident light path 2 is connected with the laser emitting module 1, and the other end is connected with the detection module 3; one end of the emergent light path 4 is connected with the laser receiving module 5, and the other end is connected with the detection module 3;
the laser receiving module 5 includes a spectrometer 501;
the laser emitting module 1, the detection module 3 and the laser receiving module 5 are respectively connected with a control single chip microcomputer 6, the control single chip microcomputer 6 is connected with a computer 7, and the computer 7 is in remote communication with a cloud server 8;
the control singlechip 6 is provided with a time sequence circuit and can control the time difference between the laser emission of the laser emission module 1 and the signal reception of the laser receiving module 5; the control single chip microcomputer 6 is responsible for controlling the laser emitting module 1 to emit laser, the laser receiving module 5 to receive laser and the detection module 3 to operate the detection steps according to the detection parameters output by the computer 7, and transmitting the receiving data of the laser receiving module 5 to the computer 7.
The computer 7 is provided with a GPS module and a sensor module, and can be used for positioning and acquiring temperature, humidity and air pressure data of the current position through the sensor module; the computer 7 can download the temperature, humidity, air pressure and the existing pollutant concentration data of the position where the computer 7 is located from the cloud server 8; the computer 7 calculates according to the detection parameters and the data uploaded by the control single chip microcomputer 6 to obtain a detection result of the atmospheric pollutants, and uploads the detection result to the cloud server 8;
the computer 7 is provided with a display module, and the display module can compare and display the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data downloaded from the cloud server 8 with the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data obtained by the sensor module and calculated by the computer 7;
the detection module 3 comprises a standard gas cylinder 301, a gas inlet pipeline 302, an adjustable long optical path pool 303, a gas outlet pipeline 304 and an optical path pool controller 305;
the adjustable long-path cell 303 includes: an optical path cell cylindrical shell 3031, a left reflector 3032, a right reflector 3033 and a sensor group 3034; the left reflector 3032 is fixedly installed at the left end of the cylindrical shell 3031 of the optical path cell and is in sealed connection with the cylindrical shell, an incident light port 3035 and an exit light port 3036 are arranged on the left reflector 3032, and the incident light port 3035 and the exit light port 3036 are respectively connected with the incident light path 2 and the exit light path 4; the right reflector 3033 is slidably connected to the right side of the optical path cell cylindrical shell 3031, a hydraulic push-pull rod 3037 is arranged on the back surface of the right reflector 3033, the other end of the hydraulic push-pull rod 3037 is connected to the right end of the optical path cell cylindrical shell 3031, and the right reflector 3033 can be driven to slide back and forth in the optical path cell cylindrical shell 3031 by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic push-pull rod 3037 to change the volume of the optical path cell; the right reflecting mirror 3033 is connected with the optical path cell cylindrical shell 3031 in a sealing sliding way; a distance measuring transmitting head 3038 and a distance measuring receiving head 3039 are arranged on the right reflecting mirror 3033, the mounting positions of the distance measuring transmitting head 3038 and the distance measuring receiving head 3039 on the right reflecting mirror 3033 correspond to the mounting positions of the incident light port 3035 and the emergent light port 3036 on the left reflecting mirror 3032, so that the optical path of emergent light incident from the incident light port 3035 to the emergent light port 3036 is equal to the optical path of emergent light emitted from the distance measuring transmitting head 3038 to the distance measuring receiving head 3039;
the sensor group 3034 is arranged between the left reflector 3032 and the right reflector 3033 in the optical path cell cylindrical shell 3031, is embedded on the inner wall of the optical path cell cylindrical shell 3031, and is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an air pressure sensor 3034; the cylindrical shell 3031 of the optical path cell is provided with a heating device and an air cooling device, and a drying filter membrane is arranged behind the air inlet single valve;
an air inlet 30310 and an air outlet 30311 are also arranged between the left reflector 3032 and the right reflector 3033 in the optical path cell cylindrical shell 3031, the air inlet 30310 is arranged on the bottom surface of the optical path cell cylindrical shell 3031, and the air outlet 30311 is arranged on the top surface of the optical path cell cylindrical shell 3031; the air inlet pipeline 302 is connected with an air inlet 30310, and the air outlet pipeline 304 is connected with an air outlet 30311;
the air inlet pipeline 302 comprises a controllable three-way valve 3021, and three connecting ports of the controllable three-way valve 3021 are respectively connected with one end of a standard gas cylinder connecting pipeline 3022, one end of an air connecting pipeline 3023, and one end of a detection cell connecting pipeline 3024; the other end of the standard gas bottle connecting pipeline 3022 is connected with the standard gas bottle 301, the other end of the air connecting pipeline 3023 is open to the atmosphere, and the other end of the detection cell connecting pipeline 3024 is connected with a gas inlet 30310 at the lower end of the adjustable long-optical-path cell 303; the detection cell connecting pipeline 3024 is provided with an air inlet one-way valve 3025, which only allows air flow from the three-way valve to the adjustable long-optical-path cell 303, and the air inlet one-way valve 3025 can be closed;
one end of the gas outlet pipeline 304 is connected with a gas outlet 30311 of the adjustable long-optical-path pool 303, and the other end of the gas outlet pipeline is connected with a gas suction pump 3041; the air outlet pipe 304 is provided with an air outlet one-way valve 3042, which only allows the air flow to flow from the adjustable long optical path cell 303 to the air pump 3041, and the air outlet one-way valve 3042 can be closed;
the controllable three-way valve 3021, the air inlet one-way valve 3025, the air outlet one-way valve 3042, the air pump 3041, the sensor group 3034, the hydraulic push-pull rod 3037, the distance measuring transmitting head 3038 and the distance measuring receiving head 3039 are electrically connected with the optical path pool controller 305.
Example 2
This example further illustrates the apparatus of example 1.
A method for detecting atmospheric pollutants by using the detection device of embodiment 1, comprising the steps of:
1) the computer 7 is connected with a GPS for positioning, and acquires the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data of the current position through the cloud server 8;
2) the computer 7 sends a starting monitoring command to the control singlechip 6, the control singlechip 6 controls the laser emitting module 1 to emit laser, the laser receiving module 5 to receive laser, and the detection module 3 to detect the pollutant concentration data, the control singlechip 6 acquires the data of the laser receiving module 5 and transmits the data to the computer 7, and the computer 7 calculates according to the detection parameters and the data uploaded by the control singlechip 6 to obtain the detection result of the atmospheric pollutant;
3) the computer 7 uploads the detection result together with the positioning data of the GPS and the temperature, humidity and air pressure acquired by the sensor module to the cloud server 8;
4) the computer 7 compares and displays the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data downloaded from the cloud server 8 and the temperature, humidity, air pressure obtained by the sensor module and the pollutant concentration data calculated by the computer 7 at the display module, wherein the displayed pollutant concentration is the pollutant concentration data obtained by converting the calculated pollutant concentration data into the pollutant concentration data of the external environment.
The step 2) is specifically as follows:
2-1) the computer 7 sends the detection wavelength to the control singlechip 6;
2-2) the single chip microcomputer 6 is controlled to determine working parameters of the laser emitting module 1 and the laser receiving module 5 according to the detection wavelength, wherein the working parameters comprise working parameters of the modulation signal generator 101, the wavelength scanning signal generator 102, the current controller 103 and the temperature controller 104 and working parameters of the spectrometer 501;
2-3) the control singlechip 6 controls the detection module 3 to detect the standard gas, transmits the detection data of the standard gas of the laser receiving module 5 to the computer 7, compares the detection data with the standard gas data stored in the computer 7, and if the detection data of the standard gas is less than 99% of the standard gas data stored in the computer 7 or more than 101% of the standard gas data stored in the computer 7, the computer 7 reports an error and informs a tester to perform equipment maintenance;
2-4) controlling the singlechip 6 to control the detection module 3 to detect the atmospheric pollutants, controlling the singlechip 6 to acquire data of the laser receiving module 5 and transmit the data to the computer 7, and calculating by the computer 7 according to the detection parameters and the data uploaded by the control singlechip 6 to obtain a detection result of the atmospheric pollutants;
the step 2-3) is specifically as follows:
2-3-1) the optical path cell controller 305 controls the air inlet one-way valve 3025 to be closed, the air outlet one-way valve 3042 to be opened, the air pump 3041 to be opened, the hydraulic push-pull rod 3037 to be longest to enable the volume in the optical path cell to be minimum, and the air pressure sensor to monitor the air pressure in the optical path cell in real time;
2-3-2) when the air pressure in the optical path cell is less than 0.001 atmospheric pressure, the optical path cell controller 305 controls the air pump 3041 to close, the air outlet one-way valve 3042 to close, and the hydraulic push-pull rod 3037 to contract to a half of the movable distance;
2-3-3) the optical path pool controller 305 controls the air inlet one-way valve 3025 to be opened, the controllable three-way valve 3021 is communicated with the optical path pool and the standard gas cylinder 301, the standard gas enters the optical path pool, and the gas pressure sensor monitors the gas pressure in the optical path pool in real time;
2-3-4) when the air pressure in the optical path pool is 1 atmosphere, the optical path pool controller 305 controls the air inlet one-way valve 3025 to be closed, the optical path pool controller 305 controls the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor to obtain the temperature and the humidity in the optical path pool, controls the air temperature in the optical path pool to be 25 ℃ through the heating device and the air cooling device, and waits for the humidity detected by the humidity sensor to be 0;
2-3-5) the optical path pool controller 305 controls the hydraulic push-pull rod 3037 to stretch and retract, and the air pressure in the optical path pool is adjusted to be 1 atmosphere;
2-3-6) the optical path cell controller 305 controls the ranging transmitter and the ranging receiver to measure the optical path in the optical path cell;
2-3-7) controlling the singlechip 6 to control the laser transmitter to transmit laser and control the laser receiver to receive laser signals and split light;
2-3-8) controlling the singlechip 6 to send the receiving signal of the laser receiver and the optical path in the optical path pool to the computer 7;
2-3-9) the computer 7 calculates the concentration c from a = lg (1/T) = Kbc and compares c with the concentration of the measured component in the standard gas stored by the computer 7, where: a is absorbance, T is transmittance, and is the ratio of emergent light intensity I to incident light intensity I0; k is a molar absorption coefficient, which is a constant related to the nature of the absorbing species and the wavelength of the incident light; c is the concentration of the light absorbing substance, b is the thickness of the absorbing layer, i.e. the measured optical path length, wherein I0 is the light intensity obtained by the spectrometer 501, I is a known quantity, K, b is also a known quantity;
2-3-10) if the detection data of the standard gas is less than 99% of the data of the standard gas stored in the computer 7 or more than 101% of the data of the standard gas stored in the computer 7, the computer 7 reports an error and informs a tester to carry out equipment maintenance;
the step 2-4) is specifically as follows:
2-4-1) the optical path cell controller 305 controls the air inlet one-way valve 3025 to be closed, the air outlet one-way valve 3042 to be opened, the air pump 3041 to be opened, the hydraulic push-pull rod 3037 to be longest to enable the volume in the optical path cell to be minimum, and the air pressure sensor to monitor the air pressure in the optical path cell in real time;
2-4-2) when the air pressure in the optical path cell is less than 0.001 atmospheric pressure, the optical path cell controller 305 controls the air pump 3041 to close, the air outlet one-way valve 3042 to close, and the hydraulic push-pull rod 3037 to contract to a half of the movable distance;
2-4-3) the optical path pool controller 305 controls the air inlet one-way valve 3025 to be opened, the controllable three-way valve 3021 is communicated with the optical path pool and the atmosphere, the atmosphere enters the optical path pool, and the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure in the optical path pool in real time;
2-4-4) when the air pressure in the optical path pool is 0.9 atm, the optical path pool controller 305 controls the air inlet one-way valve 3025 to be closed, the optical path pool controller 305 controls the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor to obtain the temperature and the humidity in the optical path pool, controls the air temperature in the optical path pool to be 25 ℃ through the heating device and the air cooling device, and waits for the humidity detected by the humidity sensor to be 0;
2-4-5) the optical path pool controller 305 controls the hydraulic push-pull rod 3037 to stretch and retract, and the air pressure in the optical path pool is adjusted to be 1 atmosphere;
2-4-6) the optical path cell controller 305 controls the ranging transmitter and the ranging receiver to measure the optical path in the optical path cell;
2-4-7) controlling the singlechip 6 to control the laser transmitter to transmit laser and control the laser receiver to receive laser signals and split light;
2-4-8) controlling the singlechip 6 to send the receiving signal of the laser receiver and the optical path in the optical path pool to the computer 7;
2-4-9) the computer 7 calculates the concentration of the component to be measured according to a = lg (1/T) = Kbc, wherein: a is absorbance, T is transmittance, and is the ratio of emergent light intensity I to incident light intensity I0(ii) a K is a molar absorption coefficient, which is a constant related to the nature of the absorbing species and the wavelength of the incident light; c is the concentration of the light absorbing species, b is the thickness of the absorbing layer, i.e., the measured optical path length, where I is the light intensity obtained by the spectrometer 501, I is0K, b is also a known quantity, a known quantity.
The formula for converting the calculated pollutant concentration data into the pollutant concentration data of the external environment is as follows:
Nouter cover=NInner part×PFruit of Chinese wolfberry×TSign board/(PSign board×TFruit of Chinese wolfberry)
Wherein N isOuter coverIs the actual concentration of the contaminant, N, in the environmentInner partIs the concentration of the contaminant, P, in the cell of the optical path obtained by the computer 7Fruit of Chinese wolfberryIs the actual pressure of the outside world, TSign boardIs an absolute temperature of 298.15K, P at 25 DEG CSign boardStandard atmospheric pressure, TFruit of Chinese wolfberryIs the absolute temperature of the actual temperature of the outside world.
Example 3
The method of example 2 is used for detecting various gases, specifically:
setting SO by computer2With a detection center wavelength of 2516nm and N2O: 2557nm, NO: 1800nm or 2650nm, CO2: 2004nm or 2680nm, CO: 1563nm, NO2：7.3μm、O3：9.6μm。
For each of the above gases, the measurement was performed once in the manner of example 2, and the measurement results were compared with those of the cloud server.
As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the detection gas of the present invention is not limited to the above, and the detection can be performed by using the present apparatus and method as long as the gas has a characteristic absorption peak for infrared light.
Claims (7)
1. An atmospheric pollutant detection device is characterized by comprising a laser emission module (1), an incident light path (2), a detection module (3), an emergent light path (4), a laser receiving module (5), a control single chip microcomputer (6), a computer (7) and a cloud server (8);
the laser emitting module (1) includes: a modulation signal generator (101), a wavelength scanning signal generator (102), a current controller (103), a temperature controller (104), a laser (105), and a laser energy detector;
the incident light path (2) and the emergent light path (4) are formed by optical fibers; one end of the incident light path (2) is connected with the laser emitting module (1), and the other end is connected with the detection module (3); one end of the emergent light path (4) is connected with the laser receiving module (5), and the other end is connected with the detection module (3);
the laser receiving module (5) comprises a spectrometer (501);
the laser emitting module (1), the detecting module (3) and the laser receiving module (5) are respectively connected with the control single chip microcomputer (6), the control single chip microcomputer (6) is connected with the computer (7), and the computer (7) is in remote communication with the cloud server (8);
the control singlechip (6) is provided with a time sequence circuit and can control the time difference between the laser emission of the laser emission module (1) and the signal receiving of the laser receiving module (5); the control single chip microcomputer (6) is responsible for controlling the laser emitting module (1) to emit laser, the laser receiving module (5) to receive laser and the detection module (3) to operate the detection steps according to the detection parameters output by the computer (7), and transmits the received data of the laser receiving module (5) to the computer (7).
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the computer (7) is provided with a GPS module and a sensor module, which can be used for positioning and acquiring the temperature, humidity and air pressure data of the current position; the computer (7) can download the temperature, humidity, air pressure and existing pollutant concentration data of the position where the computer (7) is located from the cloud server (8); the computer (7) calculates according to the detection parameters and the data uploaded by the control single chip microcomputer (6) to obtain a detection result of the atmospheric pollutants, and uploads the detection result to the cloud server (8);
the computer (7) is provided with a display module, and the display module can compare and display the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data downloaded from the cloud server (8) with the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data obtained by the sensor module and calculated by the computer (7);
the detection module (3) comprises a standard gas cylinder (301), a gas inlet pipeline (302), an adjustable optical path pool (303), a gas outlet pipeline (304) and an optical path pool controller (305);
the adjustable long-path cell (303) comprises: the optical path cell comprises a cylindrical shell (3031), a left reflector (3032), a right reflector (3033) and a sensor group (3034); the left reflector (3032) is fixedly installed at the left end of the cylindrical shell (3031) of the optical path pool and is in sealed connection with the cylindrical shell, an incident light port (3035) and an emergent light port (3036) are arranged on the left reflector (3032), and the incident light port (3035) and the emergent light port (3036) are respectively connected with the incident light path (2) and the emergent light path (4); the right reflector (3033) is connected to the right side of the optical path pool cylindrical shell (3031) in a sliding mode, a hydraulic push-pull rod (3037) is arranged on the back face of the right reflector (3033), the other end of the hydraulic push-pull rod (3037) is connected to the right end of the optical path pool cylindrical shell (3031), and the right reflector (3033) can be driven to slide back and forth in the optical path pool cylindrical shell (3031) through the stretching of the hydraulic push-pull rod (3037) so that the volume of the optical path pool is changed; the right reflector (3033) is connected with the cylindrical shell (3031) of the optical path pool in a sealing sliding way; the right reflector (3033) is provided with a ranging emission head (3038) and a ranging receiving head (3039), the mounting positions of the ranging emission head (3038) and the ranging receiving head (3039) on the right reflector (3033) correspond to the mounting positions of the incident light port (3035) and the emergent light port (3036) on the left reflector (3032), so that the optical path of emergent light incident from the incident light port (3035) to the emergent light port (3036) is equal to the optical path of emergent light emitted from the ranging emission head (3038) to the ranging receiving head (3039);
the sensor group (3034) is arranged between the left reflector (3032) and the right reflector (3033) in the optical path pool cylindrical shell (3031) and is embedded on the inner wall of the optical path pool cylindrical shell (3031), and the sensor group (3034) is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an air pressure sensor; the optical path pool cylindrical shell (3031) is provided with a heating device and an air cooling device, and a drying filtering membrane is arranged behind the air inlet single valve;
an air inlet (30310) and an air outlet (30311) are further arranged between the left reflector (3032) and the right reflector (3033) in the optical path pool cylindrical shell (3031), the air inlet (30310) is arranged on the bottom surface of the optical path pool cylindrical shell (3031), and the air outlet (30311) is arranged on the top surface of the optical path pool cylindrical shell (3031); the air inlet pipeline (302) is connected with the air inlet (30310), and the air outlet pipeline (304) is connected with the air outlet (30311);
the air inlet pipeline (302) comprises a controllable three-way valve (3021), and three connecting ports of the controllable three-way valve (3021) are respectively connected with one end of a standard air bottle connecting pipeline (3022), one end of an air connecting pipeline (3023) and one end of a detection pool connecting pipeline (3024); the other end of the standard gas bottle connecting pipeline (3022) is connected with the standard gas bottle (301), the other end of the air connecting pipeline (3023) is open to the atmosphere, and the other end of the detection cell connecting pipeline (3024) is connected with a gas inlet (30310) at the lower end of the adjustable long-optical-path cell (303); the detection cell connecting pipeline (3024) is provided with an air inlet one-way valve (3025) which only allows air flow to flow from the three-way valve to the adjustable long-optical-path cell (303), and the air inlet one-way valve (3025) can be closed;
one end of the air outlet pipeline (304) is connected with an air outlet (30311) of the adjustable long-optical-path pool (303), and the other end of the air outlet pipeline is connected with an air pump (3041); an air outlet one-way valve (3042) is arranged on the air outlet pipeline (304), only air flow is allowed to flow to the air pump (3041) from the adjustable long optical path pool (303), and the air outlet one-way valve (3042) can be closed;
the controllable three-way valve (3021), the air inlet one-way valve (3025), the air outlet one-way valve (3042), the air pump (3041), the sensor group (3034), the hydraulic push-pull rod (3037), the distance measurement transmitting head (3038) and the distance measurement receiving head (3039) are electrically connected with the optical path pool controller (305).
3. A method for detecting atmospheric pollutants using the detection device of claim 2, comprising the steps of:
1) the computer (7) is connected and positioned through a GPS, and the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data of the current position are obtained through the cloud server (8);
2) the computer (7) sends a starting monitoring command to the control single chip microcomputer (6), the control single chip microcomputer (6) controls the laser emitting module (1) to emit laser, the laser receiving module (5) to receive the laser, the detection module (3) to detect pollutant concentration data, the control single chip microcomputer (6) obtains the data of the laser receiving module (5) and transmits the data to the computer (7), and the computer (7) calculates according to the detection parameters and the data uploaded by the control single chip microcomputer (6) to obtain the detection result of the atmospheric pollutants;
3) the computer (7) uploads the detection result together with the positioning data of the GPS and the temperature, humidity and air pressure acquired by the sensor module to the cloud server (8);
4) the computer (7) compares and displays the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data downloaded from the cloud server (8) and the temperature, humidity, air pressure and pollutant concentration data obtained by the sensor module and calculated by the computer (7) at the display module, wherein the displayed pollutant concentration is the pollutant concentration data obtained by converting the calculated pollutant concentration data into the pollutant concentration data of the external environment.
4. The method for detecting atmospheric pollutants according to claim 3, wherein the step 2 is specifically as follows:
2-1) the computer (7) sends the detection wavelength to the control singlechip (6);
2-2) controlling the singlechip (6) to determine working parameters of the laser emitting module (1) and the laser receiving module (5) according to the detection wavelength, wherein the working parameters comprise working parameters of a modulation signal generator (101), a wavelength scanning signal generator (102), a current controller (103), a temperature controller (104) and working parameters of a spectrometer (501);
2-3) controlling the singlechip (6) to control the detection module (3) to detect the standard gas, transmitting the detection data of the standard gas of the laser receiving module (5) to the computer (7), comparing the detection data with the standard gas data stored in the computer (7), and if the detection data of the standard gas is less than 99% of the standard gas data stored in the computer (7) or more than 101% of the standard gas data stored in the computer (7), the computer (7) reports an error and informs a tester to perform equipment maintenance;
2-4) controlling the singlechip (6) to control the detection module (3) to detect the atmospheric pollutants, controlling the singlechip (6) to acquire the data of the laser receiving module (5) and transmit the data to the computer (7), and calculating by the computer (7) according to the detection parameters and the data uploaded by the control singlechip (6) to obtain the detection result of the atmospheric pollutants.
5. The method for detecting the atmospheric pollutants as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step 2-3) is specifically as follows:
2-3-1) the optical path pool controller (305) controls the air inlet one-way valve (3025) to be closed, the air outlet one-way valve (3042) to be opened, the air pump (3041) to be opened, the hydraulic push-pull rod (3037) to be extended to the longest length to enable the volume in the optical path pool to be the smallest, and the air pressure sensor to monitor the air pressure in the optical path pool in real time;
2-3-2) when the air pressure in the optical path pool is less than 0.001 atmospheric pressure, the optical path pool controller (305) controls the air pump (3041) to be closed, the air outlet one-way valve (3042) to be closed, and the hydraulic push-pull rod (3037) to be contracted to half of the movable distance;
2-3-3) the optical path pool controller (305) controls the air inlet one-way valve (3025) to be opened, the controllable three-way valve (3021) is communicated with the optical path pool and the standard gas cylinder (301), the standard gas enters the optical path pool, and the gas pressure sensor monitors the gas pressure in the optical path pool in real time;
2-3-4) when the air pressure in the optical path pool is 1 atmosphere, the optical path pool controller (305) controls the air inlet one-way valve (3025) to be closed, the optical path pool controller (305) controls the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor to obtain the temperature and the humidity in the optical path pool, controls the air temperature in the optical path pool to be 25 ℃ through the heating device and the air cooling device, and waits for the humidity detected by the humidity sensor to be 0;
2-3-5) the optical path pool controller (305) controls the hydraulic push-pull rod (3037) to stretch and retract, and the air pressure in the optical path pool is adjusted to be 1 atmosphere;
2-3-6) the optical path pool controller (305) controls the distance measuring transmitter and the distance measuring receiver to measure the optical path in the optical path pool;
2-3-7) controlling the singlechip (6) to control the laser transmitter to transmit laser and control the laser receiver to receive laser signals and split light;
2-3-8) controlling the singlechip (6) to send the receiving signal of the laser receiver and the optical path in the optical path pool to the computer (7);
2-3-9) the computer (7) calculates the concentration c from a = lg (1/T) = Kbc and compares c with the concentration of the measured component in the standard gas stored by the computer (7), wherein: a is absorbance, T is transmittance, and is the ratio of emergent light intensity I to incident light intensity I0(ii) a K is a molar absorption coefficient, which is a constant related to the nature of the absorbing species and the wavelength of the incident light; c is the concentration of the light-absorbing substance and b is the thickness of the absorbing layer, i.e. the measured optical path, where I0For the intensity of light obtained by the spectrometer (501), I is a known quantity, and K, b is also a known quantity;
2-3-10) if the detected data of the standard gas is less than 99% of the data of the standard gas stored in the computer (7) or more than 101% of the data of the standard gas stored in the computer (7), the computer (7) reports an error and informs a tester to carry out equipment maintenance.
6. The method for detecting the atmospheric pollutants as claimed in claim 5, wherein the steps 2-4) are specifically as follows:
2-4-1) the optical path pool controller (305) controls the air inlet one-way valve (3025) to be closed, the air outlet one-way valve (3042) to be opened, the air pump (3041) to be opened, the hydraulic push-pull rod (3037) to be extended to the longest length to enable the volume in the optical path pool to be the smallest, and the air pressure sensor to monitor the air pressure in the optical path pool in real time;
2-4-2) when the air pressure in the optical path pool is less than 0.001 atmospheric pressure, the optical path pool controller (305) controls the air pump (3041) to be closed, the air outlet one-way valve (3042) to be closed, and the hydraulic push-pull rod (3037) to be contracted to half of the movable distance;
2-4-3) the optical path pool controller (305) controls the air inlet one-way valve (3025) to be opened, the controllable three-way valve (3021) is communicated with the optical path pool and atmosphere, the atmosphere enters the optical path pool, and the air pressure sensor monitors the air pressure in the optical path pool in real time;
2-4-4) when the air pressure in the optical path pool is 0.9 atmosphere, the optical path pool controller (305) controls the air inlet one-way valve (3025) to be closed, the optical path pool controller (305) controls the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor to obtain the temperature and the humidity in the optical path pool, controls the air temperature in the optical path pool to be 25 ℃ through the heating device and the air cooling device, and waits for the humidity detected by the humidity sensor to be 0;
2-4-5) the optical path pool controller (305) controls the hydraulic push-pull rod (3037) to stretch and retract, and the air pressure in the optical path pool is adjusted to be 1 atmosphere;
2-4-6) the optical path pool controller (305) controls the distance measuring transmitter and the distance measuring receiver to measure the optical path in the optical path pool;
2-4-7) controlling the singlechip (6) to control the laser transmitter to transmit laser and control the laser receiver to receive laser signals and split light;
2-4-8) controlling the singlechip (6) to send the receiving signal of the laser receiver and the optical path in the optical path pool to the computer (7);
2-4-9) the computer (7) calculates the concentration of the component to be measured according to a = lg (1/T) = Kbc, wherein: a is absorbance, T is transmittance, and is the ratio of emergent light intensity I to incident light intensity I0(ii) a K is a molar absorption coefficient, which is a constant related to the nature of the absorbing species and the wavelength of the incident light; c is the concentration of the light absorbing substance, b is the thickness of the absorbing layer, i.e. the measured optical path, where I is the light intensity obtained by the spectrometer (501), I is0K, b is also a known quantity, a known quantity.
7. The method for atmospheric pollutant detection according to claim 6, wherein the formula for converting the calculated pollutant concentration data into the pollutant concentration data of the external environment is as follows:
Nouter cover=NInner part×PFruit of Chinese wolfberry×TSign board/(PSign board×TFruit of Chinese wolfberry)
Wherein,Nouter coverIs the actual concentration of the contaminant, N, in the environmentInner partIs the concentration of the contaminant in the optical path cell, P, obtained by the computer (7)Fruit of Chinese wolfberryIs the actual pressure of the outside world, TSign boardIs an absolute temperature of 298.15K, P at 25 DEG CSign boardStandard atmospheric pressure, TFruit of Chinese wolfberryIs the absolute temperature of the actual temperature of the outside world.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN108760640A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽安诚泽宇环境科技有限公司 | A kind of moving source exhaust emission gas rapid detection system and detection method |
| CN109115721A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-01 | 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 | There is the gas remote measurement device of self-calibration function based on tunable laser |
| CN109187354A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-11 | 深圳市卡普瑞环境科技有限公司 | A kind of purging gas path device suitable for optical cavity structure |
| CN109187355A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-11 | 深圳市卡普瑞环境科技有限公司 | A kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure |
| CN109187344A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-11 | 深圳市卡普瑞环境科技有限公司 | A kind of gas circuit structure applied to atmospheric molecule detection system |
| CN109211807A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-15 | 深圳市卡普瑞环境科技有限公司 | A kind of atmospheric molecule detection system having pre-reformer before gas is examined |
| CN109238975A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-18 | 深圳市卡普瑞环境科技有限公司 | The compatible gas circuit structure for flowing backward zero gas in a kind of atmospheric molecule detection system |
| CN109883965A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-06-14 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | It is a kind of for high temperature, the synthesis gas component detection device of hyperbaric environment |
| CN113758890A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-12-07 | 清华大学 | Gas concentration calculation method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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| CN108760640A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽安诚泽宇环境科技有限公司 | A kind of moving source exhaust emission gas rapid detection system and detection method |
| CN109187354A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-11 | 深圳市卡普瑞环境科技有限公司 | A kind of purging gas path device suitable for optical cavity structure |
| CN109187355A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-11 | 深圳市卡普瑞环境科技有限公司 | A kind of purging gas path device applied to optical cavity structure |
| CN109187344A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-11 | 深圳市卡普瑞环境科技有限公司 | A kind of gas circuit structure applied to atmospheric molecule detection system |
| CN109211807A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-15 | 深圳市卡普瑞环境科技有限公司 | A kind of atmospheric molecule detection system having pre-reformer before gas is examined |
| CN109238975A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-18 | 深圳市卡普瑞环境科技有限公司 | The compatible gas circuit structure for flowing backward zero gas in a kind of atmospheric molecule detection system |
| CN109115721A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-01 | 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 | There is the gas remote measurement device of self-calibration function based on tunable laser |
| CN109115721B (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2024-05-28 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Gas telemetry device with self-calibration function based on tunable laser |
| CN109883965A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-06-14 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | It is a kind of for high temperature, the synthesis gas component detection device of hyperbaric environment |
| CN113758890A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-12-07 | 清华大学 | Gas concentration calculation method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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