CN103792544A - Vibration-rotational Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Vibration-rotational Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103792544A CN103792544A CN201410053652.1A CN201410053652A CN103792544A CN 103792544 A CN103792544 A CN 103792544A CN 201410053652 A CN201410053652 A CN 201410053652A CN 103792544 A CN103792544 A CN 103792544A
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/65—Raman scattering
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vibration-rotational Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system and a working method thereof. The system comprises a first system and a second system, wherein the first system works in an ultraviolet wave segment, the second system works in a visible infrared wave segment, and the first system and the second system both comprise laser emission units, optical receiving units, signal detection and data collecting units and control units. The laser emission units are used for emitting lasers to air, the optical receiving units are used for receiving back scattering echo signals of the air on the lasers emitted by the laser emission units, and conduct rotational Raman, vibration Raman and elastic scattering light splitting on the back scattering echo signals, the signal detection and data collecting units are used for obtaining parameter information of air temperature, water vapor, aerosol and cloud from the back scattering echo signals after light splitting, and the control units are used for controlling the laser emission units, the optical receiving units and the signal detection and data collecting units to run. The vibration-rotational Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system and the working method of the system can achieve all-weather air comprehensive continuous automatic observation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atmospheric exploration technical field, relate in particular to vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system and method for work thereof.
Background technology
The fast development of laser equipment and photoelectric detection equipment, making to use remote sensing to carry out Continuous Observation to Atmosphere and humidity profiles becomes possibility.Because detection Shu Bochang used is shorter and directionality is stronger, make laser radar there is the advantages such as very high space, time resolution (spatial discrimination can reach several meters, and time resolution can reach the several seconds) and very high detection sensitivity (the only sparse Atmospheric components of several atoms of detectable nearly hundred kilometers of At The Height cubic centimetres).Application atmospheric exploration laser radar can convenience and high-efficiency various gas componants and gasoloid in atmosphere survey, apply laser radar simultaneously and can also obtain the parameter such as atmosphere temperature profile of high-spatial and temporal resolution.Comparatively speaking, laser radar is suitable for detection and the research to atmosphere most, and therefore laser radar has vast potential for future development in atmospheric exploration field certificate.
Atmospheric temperature and water vapor profile are weather forecast, atmospheric science research, an of paramount importance observation data part in climatic study even.Traditional observation procedure is to use sounding balloon means, but the drift of its sky high cost, horizontal direction and the complicacy of operation and the dependence of weather condition is made to realize the observation of continuous high time precision.Many weather stations only carry out 1 time or No. 2 sounding balloon observation for common one day.Along with human society is for the concern of atmospheric pollution and climate change, need to sharply increase for the observation of gasoloid (mankind's pollution) and cloud (the climate change prediction maximum uncertainty factor).For cloud and aerocolloidal observation, conventionally use independently remote sensing observations instrument, for example laser radar at present.
Atmosphere temperature profile is normally based on microwave radiometer (sometimes coordinating radar) remote sensing observations, and atmospheric humidity profile is normally based on the Raman lidar observation of (sometimes coordinating microwave radiometer).Although the certain methods based on microwave radiometer exploitation also can be measured temperature and humidity profile simultaneously, its precision and accuracy are not fine.And method based on Raman radar detection atmospheric humidity profile is relatively ripe, degree of accuracy is also fine.And Raman scattering laser radar can be realized the real-time detection of temperature aspect thermometric, has high spatial and temporal resolution, the original advantage having at aspects such as continuous monitoring and measuring accuracy, is the incomparable novel applications of atmospheric remote sensing techniques of other detection means.
At present, have a lot of methods can be used for the profile of observed temperature and humidity although domestic, the radar system that can simultaneously carry out temperature and humidity whole day automatic Observation also seldom or imperfection; In addition, along with the extensive concern for atmospheric pollution and whole world change, society and scientific research more and more need the long-term continuity observation of gasoloid and cloud, and the instrument that cloud and gasoloid are surveyed respectively is also followed demand and occurred a lot.But, can be simultaneously to atmospheric temperature, steam, gasoloid and cloud carry out synchronously, continuously, automatically, the instrument of whole day observation almost do not have.
With regard to this technical field, domestic research was mainly the L625 multifunction laser radar of building in nineteen ninety-five based on Chinese Academy of Sciences's Anhui ray machine institute's atmospheric optics center, and this radar has increased the R that measures steam in 1999
am
an passage, but can only carry out the measurement of 1～5km steam in view of the restriction of radar itself, and only only limit to observation at night, and do not contain the emission wavelength of 1064nm, can not carry out the observation to cloud.No matter be that system architecture or investigative range, detection accuracy all remain to be further improved.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, and in order to realize the comprehensive automatic Observation continuously of round-the-clock atmosphere, this vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system comprises:
The first system and second system, wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band; The first system and second system include:
Laser emission element, for to air-launched laser;
Optics receiving element, for receiving the backscattering echo signal of atmosphere to laser emission element institute Emission Lasers, carries out rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting to described backscattering echo signal;
Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, obtain atmospheric temperature, steam, the gasoloid parameter information with cloud for the described backscattering echo signal from light splitting;
Control module, for controlling laser emission element, optics receiving element and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit operation.
In an embodiment, described laser emission element comprises:
Laser instrument, the two look beam splitting chips that are connected with laser instrument and the beam expander being connected with two look beam splitting chips.
In an embodiment, described laser instrument provides the pulsed laser light source of 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm.
In an embodiment, described beam expander adopts 3 times for 355nm laser beam and expands, and adopts 5 times expand for 532nm and 1064nm laser beam.
In an embodiment, the optics receiving element of described the first system comprises: ultraviolet telescope and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group;
The optics receiving element of described second system comprises: visible infrared telescope and light splitting optical filtering and light-collecting lens group.
In an embodiment, described ultraviolet telescope adopts Cassegrain type, and telescope bore is 450mm, and focal length is 4000mm; Described visible infrared telescope adopts Cassegrain type, and telescope bore is 300mm, and focal length is 4000mm.
In an embodiment, 354nm and 353nm atmosphere rotational raman scattering signal that described ultraviolet telescope excites specifically for receiving 355nm shoot laser, 355nm atmosphere Mie scattering signal, and 386nm atmosphere nitrogen Raman scattering signal and 407nm atmosphere vapour Raman scattering signal;
532nm and 1064nm atmosphere Mie scattering signal that described visible infrared telescope excites specifically for receiving 532nm and 1064nm shoot laser.
In an embodiment, outer telescopical light splitting optical filtering includes with light-collecting lens group described ultraviolet telescope: optical fiber, the collimating mirror being connected with optical fiber, the two look beam splitting chips that are connected with collimating mirror and the multi-disc narrow band filter slice being connected with two look beam splitting chips with visible red.
In an embodiment, described acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit comprise:
Photomultiplier, carries out opto-electronic conversion for the light signal of correspondence being surveyed to wavelength;
Data acquisition unit and photon counting card, carry out data acquisition for the signal to after opto-electronic conversion.
In an embodiment, the parameter that described photomultiplier adopts is Φ 8mm/80mA/W.
In an embodiment, the frequency of described data acquisition unit is 20MHz, adopts 12bit modulus AD conversion; The frequency of described photon counting card is 250MHz.
In an embodiment, described control module comprises:
Pulse delay unit, for sensing after the laser that laser emission element sends, sends start pulse signal, triggers optics receiving element and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit and starts operation;
Industrial computer, for controlling the sequential of laser emission element Emission Lasers and the sequential of optics receiving element reception laser.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of method of work of above-mentioned vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, and in order to realize the comprehensive automatic Observation continuously of round-the-clock atmosphere, the method comprises:
In the first system and second system, by laser emission element to air-launched laser;
Receive the backscattering echo signal of atmosphere to laser emission element institute Emission Lasers by optics receiving element, described backscattering echo signal is carried out to rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting;
In described backscattering echo signal from light splitting, obtain atmospheric temperature, steam, the gasoloid parameter information with cloud by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit;
By control module control laser emission element, optics receiving element and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit operation;
Wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band.
In an embodiment, in the first system:
In laser emission element, by the laser pulse of three wavelength of laser instrument transmitting, be divided into ultraviolet and the outer two parts of visible red by two look beam splitting chips, after through beam expander, 355nm laser being expanded and being collimated, enter atmosphere, 355nm, 532nm, the 1064nm laser beam of transmitting enter in the air laser pulse light beam vertical sand shooting by catoptron, and through atmosphere, cloud and gasoloid; Simultaneously, in control module, being positioned near the pulse delay unit of laser instrument senses after the laser sending, send start pulse signal, make the data acquisition unit and the photon counting card that send back echo signal arrival front signal detection and data acquisition unit at laser prepare to receive backscattering echo signal;
In optics receiving element, receive ultraviolet echo by ultraviolet telescope, import collimating mirror by optical fiber; Textural association by two look beam splitting chips and multi-disc narrow band filter slice carries out light splitting, outputs to respectively in 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm and five wavelength channels of 407nm;
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, by photomultiplier, output signal is surveyed, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to convert temperature, humidity and 355nm extinction coefficient profile data to.
In an embodiment, in second system:
In laser emission element, by the laser pulse of three wavelength of laser instrument transmitting, be divided into ultraviolet and visible red two parts outward by two look beam splitting chips, after through beam expander, visible infrared laser being expanded and being collimated, enter atmosphere; 355nm, 532nm, the 1064nm laser beam of transmitting enter in the air laser pulse light beam vertical sand shooting by catoptron, and through atmosphere, cloud and gasoloid; Simultaneously, in control module, being positioned near the pulse delay unit of laser instrument senses after the laser sending, send start pulse signal, make echoed signal after laser sends arrive that front signal is surveyed and the data acquisition unit of data acquisition unit and photon counting card prepare to receive backscattering echo signal;
In optics receiving element, receive the outer echo of visible red by visible infrared telescope, import collimating mirror by optical fiber; Textural association by two look beam splitting chips and multi-disc narrow band filter slice carries out light splitting, outputs to respectively in 532nm, two wavelength channels of 1064nm;
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, by photomultiplier, output signal is surveyed, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to convert 532nm and 1064nm extinction coefficient profile data to.
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system of the embodiment of the present invention is used novel Dual System Design scheme, the first system and second system include laser emission element, optics receiving element, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, control module, wherein the first system and second system work in respectively ultraviolet band and visible infrared band, the optics receiving element of the first system and second system receives respectively and processes ultraviolet echo and the outer echo of visible red, realize the undistorted collection of mixolimnion signal by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, guarantee that by control module system order moves, compared with existing laser radar system, can be simultaneously to atmospheric temperature and moisture profile, gasoloid and cloud physical characteristic carry out round-the-clock observation continuously and automatically, not only investigative range is large, detection accuracy is high, continuity is good, studies significant for weather (as weather modification, weather forecast etc.) and weather (as Global climate change etc.).
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a concrete application example of vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an instantiation of the first system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of an instantiation of second system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the method for work schematic diagram of vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system.
Embodiment
For making object, technical scheme and the advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further details.At this, schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, can realize the comprehensive automatic Observation continuously of round-the-clock atmosphere, concrete, can realize the round-the-clock while Continuous Observation of atmospheric temperature, vertical steam, gasoloid and cloud.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system.As shown in Figure 1, vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system 10 can comprise:
The first system 101 and second system 102, wherein, the first system 101 is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system 102 is operated in visible infrared band; The first system 101 and second system 102 include:
Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit 203, obtain atmospheric temperature, steam, the gasoloid parameter information with cloud for the backscattering echo signal from light splitting;
Structure can be learnt as shown in Figure 1, vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system of the embodiment of the present invention is used novel Dual System Design scheme, the first system and second system include laser emission element, optics receiving element, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, control module, wherein the first system and second system work in respectively ultraviolet band and visible infrared band, the optics receiving element of the first system and second system receives respectively and processes ultraviolet echo and the outer echo of visible red, realize the undistorted collection of mixolimnion signal by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, guarantee that by control module system order moves, can be simultaneously to atmospheric temperature and moisture profile, gasoloid and cloud physical characteristic carry out round-the-clock observation continuously and automatically, not only investigative range is large, detection accuracy is high, studies significant for weather (as weather modification, weather forecast etc.) and weather (as Global climate change etc.).
When concrete enforcement, in vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system of the embodiment of the present invention, most of components and parts all adopt small-sized complete solidifying or medelling structure as much as possible, make whole system have the advantages such as compact conformation, volume is little, lightweight, automaticity is high, working stability is reliable.
When concrete enforcement, laser emission element can comprise: laser instrument (LASER), the two look beam splitting chips (DBS) that are connected with laser instrument and the beam expander (BE) being connected with two look beam splitting chips.Wherein beam expander can adopt beam expanding lens.Be appreciated that while enforcement, laser emission element can also comprise transmitting lens set, for laser pulse light beam vertical sand shooting is entered in the air.
When concrete enforcement, laser emission element is multi-wavelength emission unit, and 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm pulsed laser light source can be provided.Concrete, can, by laser instrument to air-launched laser pulse, provide the pulsed laser light source of 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm.When enforcement, laser instrument can adopt the POWERLITE DLS8020 of continuum company of the U.S. to adjust Q Nd:YAG laser instrument, transmitting 355nm, 532nm, tri-pulse laser emission wavelengths of 1064nm, single mode pulse stabilization degree reaches 5%, frequency 20HZ, monopulse emitted energy is greater than respectively 300mJ, 150mJ, 400mJ, output simultaneously, pulsewidth is less than 10ns, and live width is less than 1.5cm
-1, 24 continuous throughout the twenty-four hour24s.
When concrete enforcement, beam expander collimates and expands outgoing pulse laser, can adopt 3 times to expand for 355nm laser beam, can adopt 5 times to expand for 532nm and 1064nm laser beam.The basic parameter of beam expanding lens can be 10mm/3X (355nm)/5X (532nm, 1064nm); Input aperture: 10mm; Optics material: ultraviolet band melts quartz; Optical transmittance: >95%; Anti-damage threshold: 0.8J/cm
2.
When concrete enforcement, optics receiving element can adopt hyperchannel to receive optical unit design, can comprise telescope (TEL) and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group.The first system and second system move simultaneously, are operated in different-waveband, and the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band (532nm and 1064nm wave band).The optics receiving element of the first system can comprise: ultraviolet telescope and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group; The optics receiving element of second system can comprise: visible infrared telescope and light splitting optical filtering and light-collecting lens group.Concrete, ultraviolet telescope can adopt Cassegrain type, and telescope bore can be 450mm, and focal length can be 4000mm; Visible infrared telescope can adopt Cassegrain type, and telescope bore can be 300mm, and focal length can be 4000mm.Concrete, ultraviolet telescope can receive 354nm and the 353nm atmosphere rotational raman scattering signal that 355nm shoot laser excites, 355nm atmosphere Mie scattering signal, and 386nm atmosphere nitrogen Raman scattering signal and 407nm atmosphere vapour Raman scattering signal; Visible infrared telescope can receive 532nm and the 1064nm atmosphere Mie scattering signal that 532nm and 1064nm shoot laser excite.
When concrete enforcement, outer telescopical light splitting optical filtering all can comprise with light-collecting lens group ultraviolet telescope: optical fiber (OF), the collimating mirror (L) being connected with optical fiber, the two look beam splitting chips that are connected with collimating mirror and the multi-disc narrow band filter slice (F) being connected with two look beam splitting chips with visible red.When enforcement, can use advanced narrow band filter slice to form the full filter plate light splitting optical path of small volume, take volume little, structural design is ingenious.
Concrete, in the light splitting optical filtering and light-collecting lens group of ultraviolet telescope, form the first polychromator by two look beam splitting chips and multi-disc narrow band filter slice; Outside visible red, in telescopical light splitting optical filtering and light-collecting lens group, form the second polychromator by two look beam splitting chips and multi-disc narrow band filter slice.The first polychromator and the second polychromator that form respectively by the textural association of two look beam splitting chips and multi-disc high-performance narrow band filter slice, the echo that telescope is collected carries out light splitting, as separated vibration, rotary Raman signal and rice, the Rayleigh scattering signal in echo, to obtain the scattered information of steam, temperature and cloud, gasoloid etc.The first polychromator and the second polychromator can adopt the parameter of following table:
When concrete enforcement, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit can comprise: photomultiplier (PMT), carries out opto-electronic conversion for the light signal of correspondence being surveyed to wavelength; Data acquisition unit and photon counting card, carry out data acquisition for the signal to after opto-electronic conversion.When enforcement, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit can also comprise avalanche photo diode (APD).Concrete, the parameter that photomultiplier adopts can be Φ 8mm/80mA/W.The frequency of data acquisition unit can be 20MHz, adopts 12bit modulus AD conversion; The frequency of photon counting card can be 250MHz.When enforcement, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit can be surveyed respectively the laser radar echo signal of seven passages after light splitting, wherein, and 2, rotary Raman passage, 2, vibrating Raman passage, 3, Mie scattering passage; Can adopt high dynamic range, low-noise photomultiplier and broad band amplifier; Can use the undistorted collection great dynamic range of high speed echo photosignal, gather simulation and the reception signal distortion of photon counting signal to avoid being caused by great dynamic range simultaneously, also can import in real time the data of collection into computing machine for subsequent treatment.
When concrete enforcement, control module can adopt Pulse-trigger control, can comprise: pulse delay unit (PDG), for sensing after the laser that laser emission element sends, send start pulse signal (TRIG), trigger optics receiving element and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit and start operation; Industrial computer, for controlling the sequential of laser emission element Emission Lasers and the sequential of optics receiving element reception laser.When enforcement, control module can also comprise display, keyboard and mouse etc.; Control module can be controlled the ruly work in the each unit of whole system according to the time sequential routine.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a concrete application example of vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system.Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an instantiation of the first system in the embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of an instantiation of second system in the embodiment of the present invention.In the example shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4:
The first system comprises: laser emission element, optics receiving element, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit and control module.Wherein laser emission element comprises: laser instrument LASER, two look beam splitting chip DBS3, beam expander BE1; Optics receiving element comprises: telescope TEL1, optical fiber OF, collimating mirror L0, the first polychromator of two look beam splitting chip DBS1-DBS2 and multi-disc high-performance narrow band filter slice F0-F5 composition; Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit comprise: photomultiplier PMT1-PMT5, data acquisition unit and photon counting card DA1-DA5; Control module comprises: pulse delay unit PDG, and for sending trigger pulse TRIG.Telescope TEL1 can be used for receiving the atmospheric scattering echo of wavelength 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm, 407nm, wherein 355nm is for the back scattering of probe gas colloidal sol, 353nm, 354nm are for atmospheric sounding temperature and Aerosol Extinction, and 386nm, 407nm are used for surveying Water Vapor Distribution.The Cassegrain system that telescope TEL1 can select Nanjing Schmidt's optical instrument company limited to produce, effective aperture 450mm, focal length 4000mm.The first polychromator, carries out light splitting for the echo that telescope TEL1 is collected, output 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm, five wavelength of 407nm.The parameters of the first polychromator can be as shown in table 1.
Second system comprises: laser emission element, optics receiving element, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit and control module.Wherein laser emission element comprises: laser instrument LASER, two look beam splitting chip DBS3, beam expander BE2; Optics receiving element comprises: telescope TEL2, optical fiber OF, collimating mirror L1, the second polychromator of two look beam splitting chip DBS4 and multi-disc high-performance narrow band filter slice F6-F7 composition; Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit comprise: photomultiplier PMT6-PMT7, data acquisition unit and photon counting card DA6-DA7; Control module comprises: pulse delay unit PDG, and for sending trigger pulse TRIG.Telescope TEL2 can be used for receiving 532nm, 1064nm echoed signal, is respectively used to survey two extinction coefficient and backscattering coefficients on wavelength, is used for analyzing the particle diameter distributed intelligence of gasoloid and cloud in conjunction with 355nm back scattering.The Cassegrain system that telescope TEL2 can select Nanjing Schmidt's optical instrument company limited to produce, effective aperture 300mm, focal length 4000mm.The second polychromator, carries out light splitting for the echo that telescope TEL2 is collected, and output 532nm, 1064nm echo, for the extinction coefficient on two wavelength of inverting, are combined with 355nm and are distributed for the distribution of Retrieval of Cloud drop-size distribution, aerosol particle size distribution.The parameters of the second polychromator can be as shown in table 1.In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, DIA represents aperture, and MIRROR represents deviation mirror.
Fig. 5 is the method for work schematic diagram of above-mentioned vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system in the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, be included in the first system and second system:
Wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band; The first system and second system move simultaneously.
When concrete enforcement, in the first system:
In laser emission element, by the laser pulse of three wavelength of laser instrument transmitting, be divided into ultraviolet and the outer two parts of visible red by two look beam splitting chips, after through beam expander, 355nm laser being expanded and being collimated, enter atmosphere, 355nm, 532nm, the 1064nm laser beam of transmitting enter in the air laser pulse light beam vertical sand shooting by catoptron, and through atmosphere, cloud and gasoloid; Simultaneously, in control module, being positioned near the pulse delay unit of laser instrument senses after the laser sending, send start pulse signal, make the data acquisition unit and the photon counting card that send back echo signal arrival front signal detection and data acquisition unit at laser prepare to receive backscattering echo signal;
In optics receiving element, receive ultraviolet echo by ultraviolet telescope, import collimating mirror by optical fiber; Textural association by two look beam splitting chips and multi-disc narrow band filter slice carries out light splitting, outputs to respectively in 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm and five wavelength channels of 407nm;
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, by photomultiplier, output signal is surveyed, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to convert temperature, humidity and 355nm extinction coefficient profile data to.
When concrete enforcement, in second system:
In laser emission element, by the laser pulse of three wavelength of laser instrument transmitting, be divided into ultraviolet and visible red two parts outward by two look beam splitting chips, after through beam expander, visible infrared laser being expanded and being collimated, enter atmosphere; 355nm, 532nm, the 1064nm laser beam of transmitting enter in the air laser pulse light beam vertical sand shooting by catoptron, and through atmosphere, cloud and gasoloid; Simultaneously, in control module, being positioned near the pulse delay unit of laser instrument senses after the laser sending, send start pulse signal, make echoed signal after laser sends arrive that front signal is surveyed and the data acquisition unit of data acquisition unit and photon counting card prepare to receive backscattering echo signal;
In optics receiving element, receive the outer echo of visible red by visible infrared telescope, import collimating mirror by optical fiber; Textural association by two look beam splitting chips and multi-disc narrow band filter slice carries out light splitting, outputs to respectively in 532nm, two wavelength channels of 1064nm;
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, by photomultiplier, output signal is surveyed, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to convert 532nm and 1064nm extinction coefficient profile data to.
Take the first system of Fig. 3 as example, in the first system:
The 1st step: by the laser pulse of three wavelength of laser instrument LASER transmitting, be divided into ultraviolet (355nm) and outer (532nm, the 1064nm) two parts of visible red by two look beam splitting chip DBS3, after through beam expander BE1,355nm laser being expanded and being collimated, enter atmosphere, 355nm, 532nm, the 1064nm laser beam of transmitting make laser pulse light beam vertical sand shooting enter in the air by catoptron, and through atmosphere, cloud and gasoloid;
Meanwhile, be positioned near the pulse-delay unit PDG of laser instrument and sense after the laser sending, send start pulse signal TRTG, make data acquisition unit and photon counting card DA1-DA5 preparation reception backscattering echo signal before laser sends the arrival of back echo signal.
The 2nd step: receive ultraviolet echo by telescope TEL1, import collimating mirror L0 by optical fiber OF.
The 3rd step: the textural association by two look beam splitting chip DBS1 and DBS2 and multi-disc high-performance narrow band filter slice F0-F5 carries out light splitting, the common composition of these filter plates and two look beam splitting chips the first polychromator, outputs to respectively in 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm, five wavelength channels of 407nm.
The 4th step: by photomultiplier PMT1-PMT5(post amplifier) output signal is surveyed, simulate with two kinds of modes of photon counting DA1-DA5 and gather in case signal distortion by high-performance capture card.
The 5th step: after gathering, signal processing converts temperature, humidity and the use for deliberation of 355nm extinction coefficient profile data to.
Industrial computer is used for controlling the sequential of Laser emission and electro-optical system reception, and pulse delay circuit PDG is used for controlling and transmits and receives the time difference.
Take the second system of scheming as example, in second system:
The 1st step: by the laser pulse of three wavelength of laser instrument transmitting, be divided into ultraviolet (355nm) and outer (532nm, the 1064nm) two parts of visible red by two look beam splitting chip DBS3, after (532nm, 1064nm) laser expands and collimate outside to visible red through beam expander BE2, enter atmosphere; 355nm, 532nm, the 1064nm laser of transmitting enter in the air laser pulse light beam vertical sand shooting by catoptron, and through atmosphere, cloud and gasoloid;
Simultaneously, being positioned near the pulse-delay unit PDG of laser instrument senses after the laser sending, send start pulse signal TRTG, make before laser sends back echo signal and arrives data acquisition unit and photon counting card DA6 and DA7 open and prepare reception backscattering echo signal.
The 2nd step: receive the outer echo of visible red by telescope TEL2, import collimating mirror L1 by optical fiber OF.
The 3rd step: the textural association by two look beam splitting chip DBS4 and multi-disc high-performance narrow band filter slice F6-F7 carries out light splitting, the common composition of these filter plates and two look beam splitting chips the second polychromator, outputs to respectively in 532nm, two wavelength channels of 1064nm.
The 4th step: by photomultiplier PMT6 and PMT7(post amplifier) output signal is surveyed, simulate with two kinds of modes of photon counting DA6-DA7 and gather in case signal distortion by high-performance capture card.
The 5th step: after gathering, signal processing converts 532nm and the use for deliberation of 1064nm extinction coefficient profile data to.
Industrial computer is used for controlling the sequential that Laser emission and electro-optical system receive, and pulse delay circuit is used for controlling and transmits and receives the time difference.The extinction coefficient of the first system and three wavelength of second system gained can be used to the vertical distribution information of joint inversion gasoloid particle diameter.
In sum, vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system of the embodiment of the present invention is used novel Dual System Design scheme, the first system and second system include laser emission element, optics receiving element, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, control module, wherein the first system and second system work in respectively ultraviolet band and visible infrared band, the optics receiving element of the first system and second system receives respectively and processes ultraviolet echo and the outer echo of visible red, realize the undistorted collection of mixolimnion signal by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, guarantee that by control module system order moves, compared with existing laser radar system, can be simultaneously to atmospheric temperature and moisture profile, gasoloid and cloud physical characteristic carry out round-the-clock observation continuously and automatically, not only investigative range is large, detection accuracy is high, continuity is good, studies significant for weather (as weather modification, weather forecast etc.) and weather (as Global climate change etc.).
In vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system of the embodiment of the present invention, most of components and parts all adopt small-sized complete solidifying or medelling structure as much as possible, advantages such as making that whole system has compact conformation, volume is little, lightweight, automaticity is high, be easy to control and adjusting, working stability is reliable.
Those skilled in the art should understand, embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or computer program.Therefore, the present invention can adopt complete hardware implementation example, completely implement software example or the form in conjunction with the embodiment of software and hardware aspect.And the present invention can adopt the form at one or more upper computer programs of implementing of computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk memory, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) that wherein include computer usable program code.
The present invention is with reference to describing according to process flow diagram and/or the block scheme of the method for the embodiment of the present invention, equipment (system) and computer program.Should understand can be by the flow process in each flow process in computer program instructions realization flow figure and/or block scheme and/or square frame and process flow diagram and/or block scheme and/or the combination of square frame.Can provide these computer program instructions to the processor of multi-purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, the instruction that makes to carry out by the processor of computing machine or other programmable data processing device produces the device for realizing the function of specifying at flow process of process flow diagram or multiple flow process and/or square frame of block scheme or multiple square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be stored in energy vectoring computer or the computer-readable memory of other programmable data processing device with ad hoc fashion work, the instruction that makes to be stored in this computer-readable memory produces the manufacture that comprises command device, and this command device is realized the function of specifying in flow process of process flow diagram or multiple flow process and/or square frame of block scheme or multiple square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded in computing machine or other programmable data processing device, make to carry out sequence of operations step to produce computer implemented processing on computing machine or other programmable devices, thereby the instruction of carrying out is provided for realizing the step of the function of specifying in flow process of process flow diagram or multiple flow process and/or square frame of block scheme or multiple square frame on computing machine or other programmable devices.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, is characterized in that, comprising:
The first system and second system, wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band; The first system and second system include:
Laser emission element, for to air-launched laser;
Optics receiving element, for receiving the backscattering echo signal of atmosphere to laser emission element institute Emission Lasers, carries out rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting to described backscattering echo signal;
Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, obtain atmospheric temperature, steam, the gasoloid parameter information with cloud for the described backscattering echo signal from light splitting;
Control module, for controlling laser emission element, optics receiving element and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit operation.
2. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 1-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, is characterized in that, described laser emission element comprises:
Laser instrument, the two look beam splitting chips that are connected with laser instrument and the beam expander being connected with two look beam splitting chips.
3. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 2-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, is characterized in that, described laser instrument provides the pulsed laser light source of 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm.
4. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 3-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, is characterized in that, described beam expander adopts 3 times for 355nm laser beam and expands, and adopts 5 times expand for 532nm and 1064nm laser beam.
5. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 1-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, is characterized in that, the optics receiving element of described the first system comprises: ultraviolet telescope and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group;
The optics receiving element of described second system comprises: visible infrared telescope and light splitting optical filtering and light-collecting lens group.
6. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 5-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, is characterized in that, described ultraviolet telescope adopts Cassegrain type, and telescope bore is 450mm, and focal length is 4000mm; Described visible infrared telescope adopts Cassegrain type, and telescope bore is 300mm, and focal length is 4000mm.
7. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 5-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, it is characterized in that, 354nm and 353nm atmosphere rotational raman scattering signal that described ultraviolet telescope excites specifically for receiving 355nm shoot laser, 355nm atmosphere Mie scattering signal, and 386nm atmosphere nitrogen Raman scattering signal and 407nm atmosphere vapour Raman scattering signal;
532nm and 1064nm atmosphere Mie scattering signal that described visible infrared telescope excites specifically for receiving 532nm and 1064nm shoot laser.
8. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 5-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, it is characterized in that, outer telescopical light splitting optical filtering includes with light-collecting lens group described ultraviolet telescope: optical fiber, the collimating mirror being connected with optical fiber, the two look beam splitting chips that are connected with collimating mirror and the multi-disc narrow band filter slice being connected with two look beam splitting chips with visible red.
9. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 1-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, is characterized in that, described acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit comprise:
Photomultiplier, carries out opto-electronic conversion for the light signal of correspondence being surveyed to wavelength;
Data acquisition unit and photon counting card, carry out data acquisition for the signal to after opto-electronic conversion.
10. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 9-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, is characterized in that, the parameter that described photomultiplier adopts is Φ 8mm/80mA/W.
11. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 9-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar systems, is characterized in that, the frequency of described data acquisition unit is 20MHz, adopt 12bit modulus AD conversion; The frequency of described photon counting card is 250MHz.
12. vibration-rotary Raman as claimed in claim 1-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar systems, is characterized in that, described control module comprises:
Pulse delay unit, for sensing after the laser that laser emission element sends, sends start pulse signal, triggers optics receiving element and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit and starts operation;
Industrial computer, for controlling the sequential of laser emission element Emission Lasers and the sequential of optics receiving element reception laser.
Described in 13. 1 kinds of claim 1 to 12 any one, the method for work of vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, is characterized in that, comprising:
In the first system and second system, by laser emission element to air-launched laser;
Receive the backscattering echo signal of atmosphere to laser emission element institute Emission Lasers by optics receiving element, described backscattering echo signal is carried out to rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting;
In described backscattering echo signal from light splitting, obtain atmospheric temperature, steam, the gasoloid parameter information with cloud by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit;
By control module control laser emission element, optics receiving element and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit operation;
Wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band.
14. methods as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, in the first system:
In laser emission element, by the laser pulse of three wavelength of laser instrument transmitting, be divided into ultraviolet and the outer two parts of visible red by two look beam splitting chips, after through beam expander, 355nm laser being expanded and being collimated, enter atmosphere, 355nm, 532nm, the 1064nm laser beam of transmitting enter in the air laser pulse light beam vertical sand shooting by catoptron, and through atmosphere, cloud and gasoloid; Simultaneously, in control module, being positioned near the pulse delay unit of laser instrument senses after the laser sending, send start pulse signal, make the data acquisition unit and the photon counting card that send back echo signal arrival front signal detection and data acquisition unit at laser prepare to receive backscattering echo signal;
In optics receiving element, receive ultraviolet echo by ultraviolet telescope, import collimating mirror by optical fiber; Textural association by two look beam splitting chips and multi-disc narrow band filter slice carries out light splitting, outputs to respectively in 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm and five wavelength channels of 407nm;
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, by photomultiplier, output signal is surveyed, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to convert temperature, humidity and 355nm extinction coefficient profile data to.
15. methods as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, in second system:
In laser emission element, by the laser pulse of three wavelength of laser instrument transmitting, be divided into ultraviolet and visible red two parts outward by two look beam splitting chips, after through beam expander, visible infrared laser being expanded and being collimated, enter atmosphere; 355nm, 532nm, the 1064nm laser beam of transmitting enter in the air laser pulse light beam vertical sand shooting by catoptron, and through atmosphere, cloud and gasoloid; Simultaneously, in control module, being positioned near the pulse delay unit of laser instrument senses after the laser sending, send start pulse signal, make echoed signal after laser sends arrive that front signal is surveyed and the data acquisition unit of data acquisition unit and photon counting card prepare to receive backscattering echo signal;
In optics receiving element, receive the outer echo of visible red by visible infrared telescope, import collimating mirror by optical fiber; Textural association by two look beam splitting chips and multi-disc narrow band filter slice carries out light splitting, outputs to respectively in 532nm, two wavelength channels of 1064nm;
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, by photomultiplier, output signal is surveyed, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to convert 532nm and 1064nm extinction coefficient profile data to.
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