CN108103300A - A kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process - Google Patents

A kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108103300A
CN108103300A CN201810034694.9A CN201810034694A CN108103300A CN 108103300 A CN108103300 A CN 108103300A CN 201810034694 A CN201810034694 A CN 201810034694A CN 108103300 A CN108103300 A CN 108103300A
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speed steel
sodium chloride
heat treatment
temperature
treatment process
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王稳
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Suzhou Chien Shiung Institute of Technology
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Suzhou Chien Shiung Institute of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/22Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for drills; for milling cutters; for machine cutting tools
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/48Ion implantation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process, including step:(1), forging:High speed steel material to be treated is forged into the preliminary configuration of required cutter, is divided to two sections of forgings, is kept the temperature;(2), annealing:Point second stage annealing, then cooled to room temperature in air or in oil;(3), tempering:Divide three sections of heating, heat preservation;(4), quenching:High speed steel material is carried out by quenching treatment using oil cooling mode;(5), double tempering, cooling:Repeat step(3)Afterwards, successively salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathe A, B in one cooling, after cool down in air;(6), machining, sharpening;(7), surface treatment:Under carbon-containing atmosphere, high-speed steel tool is injected using metal ion beam.The technique level of the present invention is distinct, more accurate compared to conventional method, and beneficial to the uniformity of high-speed steel tool performance everywhere, on using, blade enhancing hardening can simultaneously use for a long time, be a kind of high efficient technology for being applicable in high-speed steel.

Description

A kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal heat treatmet field more particularly to a kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process.
Background technology
High-speed steel is used on lathe or for frequent cutting metal material outer circle and section material, during cutting, Friction generates substantial amounts of heat, easily causes tipping.Therefore high-speed steel tool needs should have the spy that hardness is high, red hardness is good and wear-resisting Point;The principal mode of high-speed steel tool failure is abrasion, tipping and fractures.
Heat treatment process generates the performance of high-speed steel vital influence, heat treatment can improve cutter hardness, Red hardness and wearability, basic thinking are that the preheating substep of high-speed steel tool, cooling, tempering multistep and refinement quench item The control of part, surface treatment etc..The present invention develops a kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process, to promote high speed steel heat treatment Development, is continuously improved domestic rapid steel tool quality.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention:The present invention proposes a kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process, technique refinement, have both preferable hardness, Red hardness and wearability, while cost is relatively low, service life is long, to solve problems of the prior art.
The content of the invention:A kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process, comprises the following steps:
(1), forging:High speed steel material to be treated is forged into the preliminary configuration of required cutter, is divided to two sections of forgings, just forging temperature Then 1150 ~ 1220 DEG C of degree, 775 ~ 850 DEG C of final forging temperature keep the temperature 1.5 ~ 2h under final forging temperature;
(2), annealing:Divide second stage annealing, be 450 ~ 750 DEG C of furnace coolings respectively, 225 ~ 450 DEG C of oil baths cool down, then in air In or oil in cooled to room temperature;
(3), tempering:Points of three sections heating, first segment are heated to 375 ~ 450 DEG C, keep the temperature 25 ~ 35min, and second segment is heated to 725 ~ 800 DEG C, 35~40min is kept the temperature, the 3rd section is heated to 1125~1180 DEG C, keeps the temperature 25 ~ 30min;
(4), quenching:High speed steel material is carried out by quenching treatment using oil cooling mode;
(5), double tempering, cooling:Repeat step(3)Afterwards, 525~550 DEG C are cooled in salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathes A, then in salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathes B Be cooled to 325~375 DEG C, after natural cooling in air;
(6), machining, sharpening:It is refined to required high-speed steel tool;
(7), surface treatment:Under carbon-containing atmosphere, high-speed steel tool, association carbonization treatment are injected using metal ion beam.
Preferably, the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath A or salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath B are included in sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, potassium nitrate The mixture of at least two substances.Sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, potassium nitrate are high-performance salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath media, and combination can be facilitated to adjust Save treatment temperature.
Further, the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath A includes the component of following weight percent part:Sodium nitrate 55%, nitric acid Potassium 45%.The first step that the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath A provides higher temperatures is cooled down, it is necessary to relatively dystectic combination of media.
Further, the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath B includes the component of following weight percent part:Sodium nitrite 48%, nitre Sour potassium 52%.The salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath B provides the second step cooling compared with low temperature, it is necessary to the combination of media of opposite low melting point.
Preferably, step(7)In, the metal ion of metal ion beam is in V, Ti, Nb, Ta, Cr, W, Yb, Zr, Mo At least two.The ion permeability of more than metal, hardness and it is all good in the combination of surface of high speed steel.
Preferably, the high speed steel material is one kind in aluminium high-speed steel, cobalt high speed steel or low cobalt high-speed steel.Aluminium is at a high speed Steel, cobalt high speed steel or low cobalt high-speed steel are high speed steel, and it handles operating mode and is also applied for the present invention.
Preferably, the high speed steel material for W12Mo3Cr4V3Co5Si, W6Mo5Cr4V2Al, One kind in W12Mo3Cr4V3Co3N.W12Mo3Cr4V3Co5Si, W6Mo5Cr4V2Al, W12Mo3Cr4V3Co3N are high-performance Aluminium high-speed steel, cobalt high speed steel or low cobalt high speed steel Alto concrete models.
Compared to the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:Heat treatment process of the present invention becomes more meticulous, highly effective, Applicability is wide.Forging, annealing, tempering process linking, temperature control segmentation is clear and definite, and three above step is all brilliant in different level The arrangement that becomes more meticulous and homogenize of phase constitution;Oil quenchinng and double tempering cooling, because hardness external after quenching obtains very Big raising, double tempering, which can further improve internal crystalline phase tissue, to be made it system adapts to again everywhere with material;Finishing The hard blade of high-strength height is obtained with surface treatment.The technique level of the present invention is distinct, more accurate compared to conventional method, beneficial to height The uniformity of fast steel cutter performance everywhere, on using, blade enhancing hardening can simultaneously use for a long time, be a kind of applicable high-speed steel High efficient technology.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, letter will be made to embodiment below Single introduction.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process, comprises the following steps:
(1), forging:High speed steel material to be treated is forged into the preliminary configuration of required cutter, is divided to two sections of forgings, just forging temperature Then 1150 ~ 1220 DEG C of degree, 775 ~ 850 DEG C of final forging temperature keep the temperature 1.5 ~ 2h under final forging temperature;The high speed steel material is W12Mo3Cr4V3Co5Si;
(2), annealing:Divide second stage annealing, be 480 ~ 680 DEG C of furnace coolings respectively, 350 ~ 400 DEG C of oil baths cool down, then in air In or oil in cooled to room temperature;
(3), tempering:Points of three sections heating, first segment are heated to 395 ~ 415 DEG C, keep the temperature 25 ~ 35min, and second segment is heated to 755 ~ 780 DEG C, 35~40min is kept the temperature, the 3rd section is heated to 1155~1165 DEG C, keeps the temperature 25 ~ 30min;
(4), quenching:High speed steel material is carried out by quenching treatment using oil cooling mode;
(5), double tempering, cooling:Repeat step(3)Afterwards, 530 DEG C are cooled in salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathes A, then is cooled down in salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathes B To 375 DEG C, after natural cooling in air;The salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath A includes the component of following weight percent part:Nitre Sour sodium 55%, potassium nitrate 45%, the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath B include the component of following weight percent part:Sodium nitrite 48%, potassium nitrate 52%;
(6), machining, sharpening:It is refined to required high-speed steel tool;
(7), surface treatment:Under carbon-containing atmosphere, high-speed steel tool, association carbonization treatment are injected using metal ion beam;Metal The metal ion of ion beam includes element ti, W, Mo.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process, comprises the following steps:
(1), forging:High speed steel material to be treated is forged into the preliminary configuration of required cutter, is divided to two sections of forgings, just forging temperature Then 1150 ~ 1220 DEG C of degree, 775 ~ 850 DEG C of final forging temperature keep the temperature 1.5 ~ 2h under final forging temperature;The high speed steel material is W12Mo3Cr4V3Co3N;
(2), annealing:Divide second stage annealing, be 600 ~ 750 DEG C of furnace coolings respectively, 225 ~ 290 DEG C of oil baths cool down, then in air In or oil in cooled to room temperature;
(3), tempering:Points of three sections heating, first segment are heated to 400 ~ 450 DEG C, keep the temperature 25 ~ 35min, and second segment is heated to 735 ~ 750 DEG C, 35~40min is kept the temperature, the 3rd section is heated to 1125~1150 DEG C, keeps the temperature 25 ~ 30min;
(4), quenching:High speed steel material is carried out by quenching treatment using oil cooling mode;
(5), double tempering, cooling:Repeat step(3)Afterwards, 550 DEG C are cooled in salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathes A, then is cooled down in salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathes B To 325 DEG C, after natural cooling in air;The salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath A includes the component of following weight percent part:Nitre Sour sodium 55%, potassium nitrate 45%, the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath B include the component of following weight percent part:Sodium nitrite 48%, potassium nitrate 52%;
(6), machining, sharpening:It is refined to required high-speed steel tool;
(7), surface treatment:Under carbon-containing atmosphere, high-speed steel tool, association carbonization treatment are injected using metal ion beam;Metal The metal ion of ion beam includes element Cr, W, Yb, Zr.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process, comprises the following steps:
(1), forging:High speed steel material to be treated is forged into the preliminary configuration of required cutter, is divided to two sections of forgings, just forging temperature Then 1150 ~ 1220 DEG C of degree, 775 ~ 850 DEG C of final forging temperature keep the temperature 1.5 ~ 2h under final forging temperature;The high speed steel material is W6Mo5Cr4V2Al;
(2), annealing:Divide second stage annealing, be 550 ~ 590 DEG C of furnace coolings respectively, 335 ~ 450 DEG C of oil baths cool down, then in air In or oil in cooled to room temperature;
(3), tempering:Points of three sections heating, first segment are heated to 375 ~ 400 DEG C, keep the temperature 25 ~ 35min, and second segment is heated to 775 ~ 800 DEG C, 35~40min is kept the temperature, the 3rd section is heated to 1150~1180 DEG C, keeps the temperature 25 ~ 30min;
(4), quenching:High speed steel material is carried out by quenching treatment using oil cooling mode;
(5), double tempering, cooling:Repeat step(3)Afterwards, 545 DEG C are cooled in salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathes A, then is cooled down in salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathes B To 350 DEG C, after natural cooling in air;The salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath A includes the component of following weight percent part:Nitre Sour sodium 55%, potassium nitrate 45%, the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath B include the component of following weight percent part:Sodium nitrite 48%, potassium nitrate 52%;
(6), machining, sharpening:It is refined to required high-speed steel tool;
(7), surface treatment:Under carbon-containing atmosphere, high-speed steel tool, association carbonization treatment are injected using metal ion beam;Metal The metal ion of ion beam includes element V, Nb, Ta.
Above example is only to illustrate the preferred technical solution of the present invention, it is noted that for the general of the art For logical technical staff, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement made or equivalent substitution are accordingly to be regarded as this The protection domain of invention should be covered in scope of the presently claimed invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps:
(1), forging:High speed steel material to be treated is forged into the preliminary configuration of required cutter, is divided to two sections of forgings, just forging temperature Then 1150 ~ 1220 DEG C of degree, 775 ~ 850 DEG C of final forging temperature keep the temperature 1.5 ~ 2h under final forging temperature;
(2), annealing:Divide second stage annealing, be 450 ~ 750 DEG C of furnace coolings respectively, 225 ~ 450 DEG C of oil baths cool down, then in air In or oil in cooled to room temperature;
(3), tempering:Points of three sections heating, first segment are heated to 375 ~ 450 DEG C, keep the temperature 25 ~ 35min, and second segment is heated to 725 ~ 800 DEG C, 35~40min is kept the temperature, the 3rd section is heated to 1125~1180 DEG C, keeps the temperature 25 ~ 30min;
(4), quenching:High speed steel material is carried out by quenching treatment using oil cooling mode;
(5), double tempering, cooling:Repeat step(3)Afterwards, 525~550 DEG C are cooled in salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathes A, then in salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bathes B Be cooled to 325~375 DEG C, after natural cooling in air;
(6), machining, sharpening:It is refined to required high-speed steel tool;
(7), surface treatment:Under carbon-containing atmosphere, high-speed steel tool, association carbonization treatment are injected using metal ion beam.
2. a kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath A or nitre The salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride medium of salt bath B includes the mixture of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, at least two substances in potassium nitrate.
A kind of 3. high-speed steel tool heat treatment process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the nitre of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath A Salt medium includes the component of following weight percent part:Sodium nitrate 55%, potassium nitrate 45%.
A kind of 4. high-speed steel tool heat treatment process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the nitre of the salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride bath B Salt medium includes the component of following weight percent part:Sodium nitrite 48%, potassium nitrate 52%.
A kind of 5. high-speed steel tool heat treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step(7)In, metal from The metal ion of beamlet in V, Ti, Nb, Ta, Cr, W, Yb, Zr, Mo at least two.
6. a kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high speed steel material is One kind in aluminium high-speed steel, cobalt high speed steel or low cobalt high-speed steel.
7. a kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high speed steel material is One kind in W12Mo3Cr4V3Co5Si, W6Mo5Cr4V2Al, W12Mo3Cr4V3Co3N.
CN201810034694.9A 2018-01-15 2018-01-15 A kind of high-speed steel tool heat treatment process Pending CN108103300A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109365732A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-02-22 南通四合不锈钢制品有限公司 A kind of heat treatment process in cutter making production process
CN111850249A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-10-30 南京军平机械制造有限公司 Forging process for high-speed steel cutter
CN112025231A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-12-04 南京军平机械制造有限公司 Machining process for machining cutter
CN113088638A (en) * 2021-04-07 2021-07-09 南通四合不锈钢制品有限公司 Heat treatment process for steel cutter

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109365732A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-02-22 南通四合不锈钢制品有限公司 A kind of heat treatment process in cutter making production process
CN111850249A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-10-30 南京军平机械制造有限公司 Forging process for high-speed steel cutter
CN112025231A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-12-04 南京军平机械制造有限公司 Machining process for machining cutter
CN112025231B (en) * 2020-08-18 2022-08-23 南京军平机械制造有限公司 Machining process for machining cutter
CN113088638A (en) * 2021-04-07 2021-07-09 南通四合不锈钢制品有限公司 Heat treatment process for steel cutter

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