CN105925773A - Heat treatment method for steel - Google Patents
Heat treatment method for steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105925773A CN105925773A CN201610351613.9A CN201610351613A CN105925773A CN 105925773 A CN105925773 A CN 105925773A CN 201610351613 A CN201610351613 A CN 201610351613A CN 105925773 A CN105925773 A CN 105925773A
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- Prior art keywords
- steel
- heat treatment
- treatment method
- hour
- time
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000171 quenching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium nitrate Chemical group [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036748 firing rate Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/58—Oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/607—Molten salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment method for steel. The heat treatment method includes the steps that the steel is heated to 860 DEG C to 880 DEG C, the temperature is kept for 1 hour to 2 hours, and the steel is taken out from a furnace after being subjected to isothermal annealing and general annealing; then the obtained steel is preheated twice, the temperature rises to 1,220 DEG C to 1,280 DEG C and is kept for 0.5 hour to 1 hour, and quenching is conducted; and tempering is conducted immediately after quenching, and tempering is conducted for three times. The steel treated through the heat treatment method is suitable for manufacturing tools; and due to the fact that the steel has good heat hardness and wear resistance and higher strength and toughness, the tools with the high cutting speed can be manufactured, and the cutting tools which can bear the large load and are complex in shape can be manufactured as well.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to the heat treatment method of a kind of steel.
Background technology
The quenching of steel is that steel is heated to critical temperature Ac3 (sub-eutectoid steel) or a certain temperature of more than Ac1 (hypereutectoid steel)
Degree, is incubated a period of time, is allowed to all or part of austenite and melts, then with the cooling rate rapid cooling more than critical cooling rate
The Technology for Heating Processing that martensite (or bainite) changes is carried out to below Ms (or isothermal near Ms).Generally also will
The solution treatment of the materials such as aluminium alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, safety glass or the heat treatment work with quick cooling procedure
Skill is referred to as quenching.
The process for quenching of prior art, uses regular solution Quenching Treatment bad, is easily reduced the quality of heat treated article.
The Chinese patent of such as Publication No. CN105177229A discloses a kind of steel Technology for Heating Processing, comprises the following steps:
A, prepare heat treatment steel；B, Quenching Treatment, hardening heat is 860 DEG C～980 DEG C, keeps 1～2 hour, selects oil
Cool down 3～4 minutes；C, temper, low tempering temperatures is 130 DEG C～230 DEG C, continues 5 hours～6 hours；d、
Air-cooled, the steel after tempering are cooled to room temperature.And for example the Chinese patent of Publication No. CN1721558A discloses one
The carburizing quenching process of cold-extruded steel, specifically includes: 1) enter furnace temperature 950 DEG C～990 DEG C；2) firing rate 30 DEG C/minute～50 DEG C
/ point；3) heating and thermal insulation temperature 920 DEG C～980 DEG C；4) temperature retention time 3～11 hours are oozed by force；5) diffusion temperature retention time 2～9 is little
Time；6) cooling rate 30 DEG C/time～60 DEG C/h；7) hardening heat 820 DEG C～880 DEG C；8) strong carburizing gesture is 0.95～1.2C%；
9) diffusion carbon potential is 0.7～0.9C%.It is therefore desirable to develop a kind of novel heat treatment method.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for weak point of the prior art, the invention provides the heat treatment method of a kind of steel.
Technical scheme: the heat treatment method of steel of the present invention, is that heat steel to 860～880 DEG C is incubated 1～2
Hour, come out of the stove after isothermal annealing and general annealing, then through twice preheating, temperature is increased to 1220～1280 DEG C of guarantors
Hold 0.5～1 hour, then quench, be tempered immediately after quenching, totally three tempering.Raise when temperature after preheating
During to 1220～1280 DEG C, various steel alloys dissolubility in austenite the most slowly increases, but, the time is the longest, meeting
Causing crystal grain to grow up, even there will be crystal boundary and dissolve, therefore, the optimum time is 0.5 hour.
Described isothermal annealing is to be incubated 2 hours when being cooled to 720～750 DEG C；The most typically anneal, be cooled to
Come out of the stove for less than 550 DEG C.Hardness is 207～225HBW, is organized as sorbite+carbide.
Twice described preheating, preheating is to be warming up to 600～650 DEG C for the first time, is incubated 2 hours；Second time preheating is to rise
Temperature, to 800～850 DEG C, keeps 2 hours.Such heating technique can avoid deformation and the cracking caused due to thermal stress.
Described hardening media is the mixture of white oil and sodium salt.Described sodium salt is sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite.Quenching is situated between
Each composition in matter: white oil, sodium nitrate, the proportioning of sodium nitrite are 10:1:2.It is organized as martensite+carbon after quenching
Compound+retained austenite (25～30%).
Described tempering is carried out three times altogether, and quenched martensite is only played drawing effect by tempering for the first time, cooled in tempering
, there is the transformation of retained austenite, produce new internal stress simultaneously in Cheng Zhong.Through second time tempering, thoroughly do not change
Retained austenite continues new transformation, produces again new stress.This is accomplished by third time and is tempered, three times of the present invention
Tempering be respectively as follows: be for the first time 560 DEG C 1 hour；550 DEG C 1.5 hours for the second time；560 DEG C 1 hour for the third time.Three times
The retained austenite of 1～3% is still retained after tempering.By said method, quenching stress can be eliminated, reduce the Ovshinsky scale of construction,
Stabilizing tissue, reaches performance requirement.
Beneficial effect: the steel that heat treatment method of the present invention obtains after processing are suitable to make cutter, owing to it has
There are good thermohardening, wearability and higher intensity and toughness, are possible not only to make the cutter that cutting speed is higher, and
And can manufacture and bear big load, complex-shaped cutting tool.
Detailed description of the invention:
Embodiment 1
Heat steel is incubated 1 hour to 860 DEG C, is cooled to insulation 2 hours when 720 DEG C；The most typically anneal,
Being cooled to less than 550 DEG C come out of the stove, then preheating is to be warming up to 600 DEG C for the first time, is incubated 2 hours；Second time preheating is
It is warming up to 800 DEG C, keeps 2 hours.Temperature is increased to 1220 DEG C and keeps 0.5 hour, then quenches, and quenching is situated between
Matter is white oil and sodium nitrate, the mixture (white oil: sodium nitrate: nitrous acid mass ratio is 10:1:2) of sodium nitrite, quenches
Be tempered immediately after fire, for the first time tempering be 560 DEG C 1 hour；Second time is tempered 550 DEG C 1.5 hours；Third time is returned
Fire 560 DEG C 1 hour.
Embodiment 2
Heat steel is incubated 1 hour to 860 DEG C, is cooled to insulation 2 hours when 750 DEG C；The most typically anneal,
Being cooled to less than 550 DEG C come out of the stove, then preheating is to be warming up to 650 DEG C for the first time, is incubated 2 hours；Second time preheating is
It is warming up to 850 DEG C, keeps 2 hours.Temperature is increased to 1220 DEG C and keeps 0.5 hour, then quenches, and quenching is situated between
Matter is white oil and sodium nitrate, the mixture (white oil: sodium nitrate: nitrous acid mass ratio is 10:1:2) of sodium nitrite, quenches
Be tempered immediately after fire, for the first time tempering be 560 DEG C 1 hour；Second time is tempered 550 DEG C 1.5 hours；Third time is returned
Fire 560 DEG C 1 hour.
Embodiment 3
Heat steel is incubated 2 hours to 880 DEG C, is cooled to insulation 2 hours when 720 DEG C；The most typically anneal,
Being cooled to less than 550 DEG C come out of the stove, then preheating is to be warming up to 600 DEG C for the first time, is incubated 2 hours；Second time preheating is
It is warming up to 800 DEG C, keeps 2 hours.Temperature is increased to 1280 DEG C and keeps 1 hour, then quenches, hardening media
For white oil and sodium nitrate, the mixture (white oil: sodium nitrate: nitrous acid mass ratio is 10:1:2) of sodium nitrite, quenching
After be tempered immediately, for the first time tempering be 560 DEG C 1 hour；Second time is tempered 550 DEG C 1.5 hours；Third time tempering
560 DEG C 1 hour.
Embodiment 4
Heat steel is incubated 2 hours to 880 DEG C, is cooled to insulation 2 hours when 750 DEG C；The most typically anneal,
Being cooled to less than 550 DEG C come out of the stove, then preheating is to be warming up to 650 DEG C for the first time, is incubated 2 hours；Second time preheating is
It is warming up to 850 DEG C, keeps 2 hours.Temperature is increased to 1280 DEG C and keeps 1 hour, then quenches, hardening media
For white oil and sodium nitrate, the mixture (white oil: sodium nitrate: nitrous acid mass ratio is 10:1:2) of sodium nitrite, quenching
After be tempered immediately, for the first time tempering be 560 DEG C 1 hour；Second time is tempered 550 DEG C 1.5 hours；Third time tempering
560 DEG C 1 hour.
Steel obtained by above-mentioned are carried out Mechanics Performance Testing, and acquired results is as follows:
Claims (7)
1. the heat treatment method of steel, it is characterised in that heat steel to 860～880 DEG C is incubated 1～2 hour,
Come out of the stove after isothermal annealing and general annealing, then through twice preheating, temperature is increased to 1220～1280 DEG C and keeps 0.5～1
Hour, then quench, be tempered immediately after quenching, totally three tempering.
2. heat treatment method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described isothermal annealing is to be cooled to
It is incubated 2 hours when 720～750 DEG C；The most typically anneal, be cooled to less than 550 DEG C and come out of the stove.
3. heat treatment method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that twice described preheating, preheating for the first time is
It is warming up to 600～650 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours；Second time preheating is to be warming up to 800～850 DEG C, keeps 2 hours.
4. heat treatment method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described hardening media is white oil and sodium salt
Mixture.
5. heat treatment method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described sodium salt is sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite.
6. heat treatment method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that white oil, sodium nitrate, the proportioning of sodium nitrite
For 10:1:2.
7. heat treatment method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that three times described tempering, are 560 DEG C for the first time
1 hour；550 DEG C 1.5 hours for the second time；560 DEG C 1 hour for the third time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610351613.9A CN105925773A (en) | 2016-05-24 | 2016-05-24 | Heat treatment method for steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610351613.9A CN105925773A (en) | 2016-05-24 | 2016-05-24 | Heat treatment method for steel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105925773A true CN105925773A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
Family
ID=56842263
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610351613.9A Pending CN105925773A (en) | 2016-05-24 | 2016-05-24 | Heat treatment method for steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105925773A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110373521A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-25 | 中铁工程装备集团隧道设备制造有限公司 | TBM hob cutter ring complex phase strenthen-toughening mechanizm technique |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101215628A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2008-07-09 | 北京工业大学 | High speed steel composite roller heat treatment method |
| CN101603149A (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2009-12-16 | 攀枝花新钢钒股份有限公司 | A kind of low-alloy high-speed steel |
| CN102430582A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-05-02 | 河北津西钢铁集团大方重工科技有限公司 | Roll sleeve of ultra-strong wear-resistant high alloy steel roll squeezer and manufacturing method roll sleeve |
| CN102719627A (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2012-10-10 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Heat treatment method of high-chromium martensitic stainless steel |
-
2016
- 2016-05-24 CN CN201610351613.9A patent/CN105925773A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101215628A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2008-07-09 | 北京工业大学 | High speed steel composite roller heat treatment method |
| CN101603149A (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2009-12-16 | 攀枝花新钢钒股份有限公司 | A kind of low-alloy high-speed steel |
| CN102430582A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-05-02 | 河北津西钢铁集团大方重工科技有限公司 | Roll sleeve of ultra-strong wear-resistant high alloy steel roll squeezer and manufacturing method roll sleeve |
| CN102719627A (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2012-10-10 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Heat treatment method of high-chromium martensitic stainless steel |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 崔忠圻等主编: "《金属学与热处理》", 31 May 2007, 机械工业出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110373521A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-25 | 中铁工程装备集团隧道设备制造有限公司 | TBM hob cutter ring complex phase strenthen-toughening mechanizm technique |
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Application publication date: 20160907 |
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