CN1081025A - Pasty colloid accumulator and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Pasty colloid accumulator and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1081025A CN1081025A CN92104882A CN92104882A CN1081025A CN 1081025 A CN1081025 A CN 1081025A CN 92104882 A CN92104882 A CN 92104882A CN 92104882 A CN92104882 A CN 92104882A CN 1081025 A CN1081025 A CN 1081025A
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- electrolyte
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- plate group
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- lead
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of improved lead-acid battery and manufacture method thereof, improvement of the present invention is to provide a kind of pasty colloid electrolyte that proportion is 1.40 dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris and alkyd varnish that contains, and the electrolyte that has mainly solved existing lead-acid battery spills problem.Storage battery of the present invention is particularly suitable for on automobile, steamer, aircraft, the naval vessels.
Description
The present invention relates to utilize the lead-acid battery and the manufacture method thereof of reversible electrochemical reaction storing electrical energy and supply of electrical energy, particularly relate to and contain electrolytical lead-acid battery of pasty colloid and manufacture method thereof.Press the IPC classification chart, the invention belongs to
H
0IM
10/06。
Lead-acid battery is widely used on automobile, steamer, aircraft, the naval vessels.Existing lead-sour battery mainly is made up of pole plate, dividing plate, container and electrolyte.Pole plate comprises positive plate and negative plate, and the active material of filling in the grid frame lattice of positive plate is brown lead oxide (PbO
2), the active material of filling in the grid of negative plate is a spongiform pure lead (Pb).With two transverse slats a plurality of positive plates (as 4-13) and a plurality of negative plate (as the 5-14 sheet) are coupled together formation positive plate group and negative plate group respectively.Transverse slat is provided with the electricity stake, leaves the space between each plate.With each pole plate alternate positive and negative in the positive/negative plate group, chimeric mutually, and between every pair of positive/negative plate, insert dividing plate, just constituted a plurality of single lattice battery pack.Dividing plate both should insulate, and also should guarantee the free permeation of electrolyte, for example made with wood materials, the plastic material of porous.The container of lead-acid battery is made with acidproof, heat-resisting, shatter-proof material (as vulcanite), and a plurality of single lattice batteries are installed together.All add a cover on each single lattice battery, cover porosely, be used to draw electricity stake and filling distilled water and electrolyte.Electrolyte in the existing lead-acid battery is with pure sulfuric acid (H
2SO
4) and distilled water (H
2O) cooperate the solution that forms according to a certain percentage.In accumulator charging/discharging process, the active material PbO on the positive and negative pole plate
2With the H in Pb and the electrolyte
2SO
4Reversible chemical reaction takes place:
Therefore, when battery discharging, the sulfuric acid in the electrolyte reduces gradually, and water then increases gradually.That is to say, lead-acid battery in use, the moisture content in the battery jar is more and more, vitriolated electrolyte flow is increasing.If the battery jar bad sealing, the electrolyte of liquid form very easily spills, and the sulfuric acid regular meeting in the electrolyte jeopardizes near the equipment staff or the storage battery.Simultaneously, because electrolyte spills, the sulfuric acid quantity of participating in chemical reaction reduces, and has shortened the service time of this lead-acid battery.These shortcomings of lead-acid battery show particularly outstandingly on the vehicles that often are in the state of jolting (as automobile, steamer, aircraft, naval vessels), and consequence will be more serious also.Lead-acid battery also has the another one important disadvantages, the active material PbO on the promptly positive and negative pole plate
2, Pb outside unprotect layer, be easy to come off.Lead-acid battery is short useful life generally speaking, and 2-3 is only arranged.
For the electrolyte that overcomes lead-acid battery spills problem, generally adopted the lead-acid battery of colloidal electrolyte in the prior art.Promptly in aqueous sulfuric acid, added sodium silicate solution through purifying.After sodium silicate solution and aqueous sulfuric acid mix, condense into the material-colloid of stiff.Because electrolyte is colloidal, can not flow, nothing spills, and can not corrode human body or equipment.But this colloidal electrolyte accumulator exists two big shortcomings: the one, and the resistance ratio sulfuric acid electrolyte of colloidal electrolyte is big, and the internal resistance increase of storage battery, capacity are reduced.For example, the starting capacity under the normal temperature has only 80% of conventional accumulators, and the starting capacity under the low temperature only has 50% of conventional accumulators; The 2nd, contacting of colloidal electrolyte and pole plate is inhomogeneous, can cause the serious much bigger self discharge of ratio conventional accumulators.
One object of the present invention is to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of improved pasty colloid lead-acid battery is provided, and its electrolyte can not spill and can not make the capacity of storage battery to significantly decrease;
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that is used to make said pasty colloid lead-acid battery.
In order to realize above-mentioned first purpose of the present invention, according to the invention provides a kind of pasty colloid lead-acid battery, it comprises:
A positive plate group, it is by a plurality of active material PbO that filled
2Positive pole form and couple together by a transverse slat that has the electricity stake;
A negative plate group, it is made up of a plurality of negative plates of having filled active material Pb and is coupled together by transverse slat that another piece has another electricity stake, and each said negative plate is all chimeric mutually with each said positive plate alternate positive and negative of said positive plate group;
A plurality of dividing plates of making by cellular insulant material, be inserted in whenever align, between the negative plate;
An outer casing container is used to lay said positive and negative pole plate group, said dividing plate and electrolyte; And
Be injected into the electrolyte in the said outer casing container, said electrolyte comprises that proportion is 1.40 dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris (CaSD
41/2 H
2O) and alkyd varnish, the volume ratio between the three is followed successively by:
（2-3）∶（0.7-1.5）∶（0.3-0.8）;
According to most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the volume ratio of dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris and alkyd varnish is:
2.5∶1.0∶0.4。
In order to realize second purpose of the present invention, according to the present invention, provide a kind of method that is used to make said pasty colloid lead-acid battery, this method in turn includes the following steps:
A. preparation contains the electrolyte that proportion is 1.40 dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris, alkyd varnish, and three's volume ratio is followed successively by:
（2-3）∶（0.7-1.5）∶（0.3-0.5）;
The said electrolyte that b. will prepare injects and contains said positive and negative pole plate group, in the said outer casing container of said dividing plate;
C. will inject said electrolytical said outer casing container is cooled to below 15 ℃;
D. initial charge: earlier with 1/10 current charges 1-3 hour of rated capacity, then add the said electrolyte that has been reduced, use 1/20 the current charges 40 minutes of rated capacity at last, the initial charge step finishes, and storage battery can come into operation.
According to the most preferred embodiment of manufacture method of the present invention, the proportion in the said electrolyte is that the volume ratio of 1.40 dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris, alkyd varnish was followed successively by 2.5: 1.0: 0.4.
Because main improvement of the present invention is electrolyte itself, and does not lie in other parts of storage battery: positive and negative pole plate group, dividing plate and container.These parts of storage battery all are known, therefore are not described in detail these parts in this manual, also there is no need their structure chart that draws.
Below, with reference to embodiments of the invention the present invention is carried out comparatively detailed explanation.
At first, be 1.40 with distilled water with Dilution of sulphuric acid to proportion, get proportion and be dilute sulfuric acid 2-3 part (by volume) of 1.40, be preferably 2.5 parts (by volume, down with); To be the plaster of paris of 0.7-1.5 part by volume then, be preferably 1.0 parts the plaster of paris, slowly pour in the said dilute sulfuric acid, stir gently, its surfactant foam is reduced gradually, not become block with glass bar or waddy; Then,, be preferably 0.4 part of alkyd varnish and slowly pour in the mixed liquor of the said dilute sulfuric acid and the said plaster of paris and stir (attention prevents to spill) fast 0.3-0.8 part alkyd varnish, when being the gruel shape till; Like this, just made the employed pasty colloid electrolyte of storage battery of the present invention;
Next, said pasty colloid electrolyte is injected immediately the outer casing container of the said storage battery that contains said positive and negative pole plate group and said dividing plate.When beginning to inject, in each single lattice, may have the electrolyte space, thus will with outer casing container elastic plate (as rubber board) last several down, and then supply lack electrolytical difference in height, filling finishes;
Then, will inject said electrolytical said shell device is cooled to below 15 ℃;
At last, carry out initial charge.Initial charge is carried out in two steps.The first step, 1/10 current charges 1-3 hour of using rated capacity earlier.During initial charge, the outer casing container temperature is increased to about 40 ℃ gradually, a large amount of bubbles of will emerging when beginning in the container, and last bubble reduces gradually, and it is constant substantially that battery tension keeps.Owing to absorbed part acidity on the pole plate, make the electrolyte coagulation retrogradation, electrolytical volume slightly descends, and should after cooling the electrolyte of loss be filled.Generally speaking, electrolytical height is than the high 2-3cm of pole plate group.But what do not add is too full, otherwise it is excessive when normal the use electrolyte to take place easily.Second step of initial charge is that 1/20 current charges with rated capacity is about 40 minutes.At this moment the upper and lower temperature of storage battery should be consistent basically.Initial charge finishes, and storage battery can come into operation.
Just can produce according to above-mentioned making step of the present invention and to accord with pasty colloid lead-acid battery of the present invention; In other words, storage battery according to the invention is made according to the making step of the invention described above method.
For example, with proportion is 1.40 dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris, alkyd varnish (2-3) by volume: (0.7-1.5): the pasty colloid electrolyte of (0.3-0.8) making injects the motorcycle dry storage battery that model is 3-MA10, and the cell tension after 2-3 minute reaches the 2.00-2.10 volt; The cell tension that charges after 3 hours 15 minutes reaches the 2.15-2.27 volt; Total voltage reaches 6.5-6.8 volt, slowly reduces to 6.5 volts and maintenance subsequently and stablizes constant; Continuous discharge in 5 seconds electric current is the 4.5-5 ampere, near common lead-acid battery level; Can discharge 3-4 hour with 6 volts/2.6 amperes.
By most preferred embodiment of the present invention, with proportion is that the pasty colloid electrolyte that 1.40 dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris, alkyd varnish were made in 2.5: 1.0: 0.4 by volume injects the motorcycle dry storage battery that model is 3-MA-10, cell tension after 2-3 minute is 2.05 volts, and total voltage is 6.16 volts; Charging, total voltage rises to 6.7 volts after 3 hours 15 minutes, slowly reduces to 6.5 volts and keep stablizing constant subsequently; Continuous discharge in 5 seconds electric current is 4.6 amperes, is general more than 90% of the equal capacity of lead-acid battery, but greater than colloid storage battery (80%).If in preparation electrolyte process, improve electrolytical weight density slightly, just can reach the discharging current level of general lead-acid battery.
Owing in the electrolyte of lead-acid battery of the present invention, except that dilute sulfuric acid, also added the plaster of paris and alkyd varnish, so the electrolyte in the storage battery of the present invention is the pasty colloid form.Because the flowability of pasty colloid is significantly less than common dilute sulfuric acid, so electrolyte will not spill storage battery and injure human body or near other machine outward, and this is a most outstanding advantage of the present invention.Pasty colloid accumulator in use is not afraid of inclination, is not afraid of and jolts, and is particularly suitable for using on automobile, steamer, aircraft, naval vessels.Because in use electrolyte can not spill, so the service time of pasty colloid accumulator of the present invention is longer than the common lead-acid battery of equal capacity.
As everyone knows, the electrolytical proportion of common lead-acid battery little (1.28-1.30), so capacity is big, but spill easily; Though solved the problem of spilling, proportion is excessive than great (1.48-1.50) for common colloid storage battery electrolytical, and viscosity is big, and internal resistance is big, so capacity is little, only is 80% of same lead-acid battery.Electrolytical proportion (1.40) had therefore both guaranteed can not spill between the electrolytical proportion of above-mentioned two kinds of storage batterys in the pasty colloid lead-acid battery of the present invention, lost the capacity of storage battery again with exceeding.If consider the plaster of paris (CaSD again
41/2 H
2O) effect of part water in, the proportion of the electrolyte in the storage battery of the present invention in fact only about 1.35.Therefore, the capacity characteristic of storage battery of the present invention must be better than colloid storage battery, and near common lead-acid battery.
By experiment as can be known, alkyd varnish is all forming the very thin uniform film of one deck on the pole plate and on dividing plate.These films play the effect of protection pole plate and dividing plate; can prevent active material coming off on pole plate; thereby prolonged the useful life of storage battery, and this film can make the contact gear ratio colloid storage battery between electrolyte and pole plate more even, so can reduce the generation of self discharge.In fact, the generation of film is inevitable, and this is because the proportion of alkyd varnish is lower than the cause of the proportion of sulfuric acid, distilled water and the plaster of paris.
In addition, by experiment as can be known, under the normal condition, the charging interval of storage battery of the present invention is lacked 1-2 hour than common lead-acid battery storage battery, even more.
The performance of storage battery of the present invention is better than common storage battery.Except that dilute sulfuric acid, the used plaster of paris and alkyd varnish consumption are all few.1 kilogram of plaster of paris can be prepared four 3-MA-14 motorcycle storage batterys; 1 kilogram of alkyd varnish can use for 30 above-mentioned storage batterys.Therefore, storage battery cost of the present invention is not high, and production method is simple, is convenient to batch process.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of body of paste lead-acid battery comprises:
A positive plate group, it is by a plurality of active material PbO that filled
2Positive plate form and couple together by a transverse slat that has the electricity stake;
A negative plate group, it is made up of a plurality of negative plates of having filled active material Pb and is coupled together by another piece transverse slat that has another electricity stake; And each said negative plate is all chimeric mutually with each said positive plate alternate positive and negative of said positive plate group;
A plurality of dividing plates of making by cellular insulant material, be inserted in whenever align, between the negative plate;
An outer casing container is used to lay said positive and negative pole plate group, said dividing plate and electrolyte;
It is characterized in that said storage battery also comprises the electrolyte that is injected in the said outer casing container, said electrolyte comprises that proportion is 1.40 dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris and alkyd varnish, and the volume ratio between the three is followed successively by:
(2-3)∶(0.7-1.5)∶(0.3-0.8)。
2, a kind of according to the described pasty colloid lead-acid battery of claim 1, it is characterized in that proportion in the wherein said electrolyte is that the volume ratio of 1.40 dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris, alkyd varnish is followed successively by:
2.5∶1.0∶0.4。
3, a kind of method that is used to make according to the described pasty colloid lead-acid battery of claim 1, said storage battery comprise a positive plate group, negative plate group, a plurality of dividing plate, an outer casing container, it is characterized in that this method in turn includes the following steps:
(a) preparation contains the electrolyte that proportion is 1.40 dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris, alkyd varnish, and three's volume ratio is followed successively by:
（2-3）∶（0.7-1.5）∶（0.3-0.8）;
The said electrolyte that (b) will prepare injects and contains said positive plate group, in the said outer casing container of said negative plate group and said dividing plate;
(c) will inject said electrolytical said outer casing container is cooled to below 15 ℃;
(d) storage battery of making by above-mentioned steps is carried out initial charge, earlier with 1/10 current charges 1-3 hour of rated capacity, then add the said electrolyte that has been reduced, use 1/20 the current charges 40 minutes of rated capacity at last.
4, a kind of according to the described method that is used to make the pasty colloid lead-acid battery of claim 3, the proportion in the wherein said step (a) is that the volume ratio of 1.40 dilute sulfuric acid, the plaster of paris, alkyd varnish is followed successively by:
2.5∶1.0∶0.4。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92104882A CN1049530C (en) | 1992-06-22 | 1992-06-22 | Pasty colloid accumulator and its mfg. method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92104882A CN1049530C (en) | 1992-06-22 | 1992-06-22 | Pasty colloid accumulator and its mfg. method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1081025A true CN1081025A (en) | 1994-01-19 |
| CN1049530C CN1049530C (en) | 2000-02-16 |
Family
ID=4941046
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN92104882A Expired - Fee Related CN1049530C (en) | 1992-06-22 | 1992-06-22 | Pasty colloid accumulator and its mfg. method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1049530C (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE68917283T2 (en) * | 1988-12-09 | 1994-11-24 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Gas-tight lead-acid battery. |
| JPH0744040B2 (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1995-05-15 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Sealed storage battery and manufacturing method thereof |
-
1992
- 1992-06-22 CN CN92104882A patent/CN1049530C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1049530C (en) | 2000-02-16 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
| OR01 | Other related matters | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |