CN108094754A - A kind of young extremely detains the mixed feed in crab stage and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of young extremely detains the mixed feed in crab stage and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108094754A CN108094754A CN201711189043.9A CN201711189043A CN108094754A CN 108094754 A CN108094754 A CN 108094754A CN 201711189043 A CN201711189043 A CN 201711189043A CN 108094754 A CN108094754 A CN 108094754A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of young to the mixed feed for detaining the crab stage, by weight including following components：100 parts of basal feed, 3 ~ 5 parts of zymophyte, 0.3 ~ 0.5 part of vitamin C, 0.01 ~ 0.02 part of trace element, 0.3 ~ 0.5 part of antibacterial peptide, 0.05 ~ 0.1 part of astaxanthin；The basal feed includes 3 ~ 4 parts of dregs of beans, 1 ~ 3 part of rapeseed dregs, 3 ~ 8 parts of wheat bran, 1 ~ 3 part of fish meal by weight.The advantage of the invention is that：A kind of feed is only used in crab breeding process is detained, it is easy to operation；Feed effectively controls the sex premature for buckleing crab by fermentation energy, and sex premature button crab ratio is down to less than 3%；Antibacterial peptide, astaxanthin are added, improves disease resistance, the strengthen immunity of button crab, avoids using antibiotic；Protein, fat, carbohydrate proportion are balanced in feed, are suitble to the growth needs of button crab；Feed palatability is good, easily ingests, and basal feed is cheap, reduces cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to feed for river crab processing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of young to detain the crab stage mixed feed and
Its preparation method.
Background technology
River crab generally cultivation 2 years, First Year is that have megalops larva cultivation to button crab, and second year is from button crab cultivation into crab.
Megalops larva grows up to crab shape through casting off a skin, growing, the young crab of preceding 1~5 husking, successively referred to as I~V phase son crab, because of it
Body is small, only size as soya bean, therefore claims pea crab；Young crab grows up to size as button again through being casted off a skin for several times to the crab species in autumn then,
Become button crab, also referred to as an age crab species, juvenile crab.The main problem for influencing button crab quality at present is to detain the sex premature problem of crab, property
It if precocious button crab second year is cultivated as kind of crab, will die to 4~May, raiser is made to suffer huge economic damage
It loses.During megalops larva cultivation to button crab, the ratio of sex premature causes button crab sex premature generally 20~30%
Mainly there are three aspects for reason：First, environmental factor, such as accumulated temperature is excessively high, too high in salinity, frequently changes water；Second is that inherent cause,
Degeneration of crab species etc. causes sex premature；Third, feeding not science, feedstuff feeding is excessive, excessively smart, and Dietary Energy/albumen is than losing
Weighing apparatus, river crab are stored in after absorbing nutrition in liver, and the transfer of excessive trophotropism gland promotes sexual gland to develop ahead of time, foring property
It is precocious.
The method for solving to buckle crab sex premature in terms of feed at present is being solved mostly using the different feed of feeding stage by stage,
That is megalops larva to III son crab stage phase is fed more than feed and smart, and III~V phase reduced feeding volume, and using roughage, V phase with
Substantially not feeding afterwards, increases feed quality and quantity before overwintering.Although this method can effectively reduce button crab sex premature, operation is multiple
It is miscellaneous, need to prepare different feeds feeding stage by stage, be not easy to grasp.
The content of the invention
To overcome above-mentioned technical problem, crab rank is extremely detained the present invention provides can effectively control a kind of young of button crab sex premature
Mixed feed of section and preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A kind of young is to the mixed feed for detaining the crab stage, by weight including following components：100 parts of basal feed, fermentation
3~5 parts of bacterium, 0.3~0.5 part of vitamin C, 0.01~0.02 part of trace element, 0.3~0.5 part of antibacterial peptide, astaxanthin 0.05
~0.1 part；The basal feed includes 3~4 parts of dregs of beans, 1~3 part of rapeseed dregs, 3~8 parts of wheat bran, fish meal 1~3 by weight
Part.
Further the zymophyte is made of by weight 1~2 part of lactic acid bacteria, 3~4 parts of EM bacterium.
Sugar source is further further included, sugar source is one kind in white sugar or brown sugar, and sugar source is 3 with zymogenic weight ratio
~5:1.
Further the trace element includes 1~2 part of potassium iodide, 5~8 parts of zinc gluconate, copper sulphate 3 by weight
~5 parts, 1~3 part of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1~0.3 part of sodium selenite, 0.5~1 part of magnesium nitrate.
A kind of young is further additionally provided to the preparation method for the mixed feed for detaining the crab stage, is comprised the following steps：
(1) by basal feed be soaked in water 4~8 it is small when, pull out；
(2) it is by formula ratio that sugar source is soluble in water with zymophyte；
(3) by zymocyte liquid and the basal feed mixed fermentation after immersion；
(4) vitamin C, trace element, antibacterial peptide, astaxanthin, mixing, drying are added after the completion of fermentation；(5) crush,
It is granulated to obtain the final product.
Further 25~30 DEG C of fermentation temperature in the step (3), 3~10 days time.
Further pulverizer is crushed to below 80 mesh in the step (5), then is passed through vapor and is modulated 1~3 minute,
90~95 DEG C are granulated into extrusion comminutors, drying again after granulation.
Through everfermentation, the thick precocious substance such as inositol therein, cholesterol, taurine is decreased obviously feed, eats the present invention
The superoxide dismutase T-SOD in crab body that buckles of feed is significantly improved, and lipoperoxide malonaldehyde MDA is substantially reduced, and shows energy
The physiological status of crab is enough adjusted, oxidation resistance, strengthen immunity is improved, delays sex premature.
Advantageous effect：Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
1) a kind of feed is only used in crab breeding process is detained, it is simple and convenient and easy to study, it is easy to operation；
2) feed effectively controls the sex premature for buckleing crab by fermentation energy, and sex premature button crab ratio is down to less than 3%；
3) antibacterial peptide, astaxanthin are added, improves disease resistance, the strengthen immunity of button crab, avoids using antibiotic；
4) protein, fat, carbohydrate proportion are balanced in feed, are suitble to the growth needs of button crab；
5) feed palatability is good, easily ingests, and basal feed is cheap, reduces cost.
Specific embodiment
With reference to example, the present invention is described in further detail.Raw material used in the present invention is commercial product.
Lactic acid bacteria (logical prestige, 5L/ barrels), EM bacterium (providence group, 200ml/ bottles)
Embodiment 1
A kind of young comprises the following steps to the preparation method for the mixed feed for detaining the crab stage：
(1) 3 parts of dregs of beans, 1 part of rapeseed dregs, 3 parts of wheat bran are included by weight, 3 parts of fish meal is made into basal feed, is soaked in water
4 it is small when, absorb water to saturation, pull out；
(2) 1 part of lactic acid bacteria, 4 parts of EM bacterium are mixed into zymophyte by weight, by white sugar or brown sugar and zymogenic weight
Than for 3:1 mixing, it is soluble in water；
(3) by 100 parts of mixed fermentations of basal feed after the zymocyte liquid containing 3 parts of zymophyte and immersion, fermentation temperature 25
DEG C, 10 days time；
(4) 0.3 part of vitamin C, 0.01 part of trace element, 0.3 part of antibacterial peptide, astaxanthin are being added in after the completion of fermentation fermentation
0.05 part, mixing, drying；Trace element includes 1 part of potassium iodide, 8 parts of zinc gluconate, 3 parts of copper sulphate, phosphoric acid hydrogen by weight
2 parts of disodium, 0.3 part of sodium selenite, 0.5 part of magnesium nitrate；
(5) it is crushed to through pulverizer below 80 mesh, then is passed through vapor and modulates 1 minute, is made at 90 DEG C into extrusion
Grain machine is granulated, drying again after granulation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of young comprises the following steps to the preparation method for the mixed feed for detaining the crab stage：
(1) 4 parts of dregs of beans, 2 parts of rapeseed dregs, 5 parts of wheat bran are included by weight, 2 parts of fish meal is made into basal feed, is soaked in water
6 it is small when, absorb water to saturation, pull out；
(2) 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 3 parts of EM bacterium are mixed into zymophyte by weight, by white sugar or brown sugar and zymogenic weight
Than for 4:1 mixing, it is soluble in water；
(3) by 100 parts of mixed fermentations of basal feed after the zymocyte liquid containing 4 parts of zymophyte and immersion, fermentation temperature 30
DEG C, 3 days time；
(4) 0.4 part of vitamin C, 0.02 part of trace element, 0.4 part of antibacterial peptide, shrimp green grass or young crops are being added in after the completion of fermentation fermentation
0.1 part of element, mixing, drying；Trace element includes 2 parts of potassium iodide, 5 parts of zinc gluconate, 4 parts of copper sulphate, phosphoric acid by weight
1 part of disodium hydrogen, 0.1 part of sodium selenite, 0.8 part of magnesium nitrate；
(5) it is crushed to through pulverizer below 80 mesh, then is passed through vapor and modulates 2 minutes, is made at 93 DEG C into extrusion
Grain machine is granulated, drying again after granulation.
Embodiment 3
A kind of young comprises the following steps to the preparation method for the mixed feed for detaining the crab stage：
(1) 3 parts of dregs of beans, 3 parts of rapeseed dregs, 8 parts of wheat bran are included by weight, 1 part of fish meal is made into basal feed, is soaked in water
8 it is small when, absorb water to saturation, pull out；
(2) 1 part of lactic acid bacteria, 3 parts of EM bacterium are mixed into zymophyte by weight, by white sugar or brown sugar and zymogenic weight
Than for 5:1 mixing, it is soluble in water；
(3) by 100 parts of mixed fermentations of basal feed after the zymocyte liquid containing 5 parts of zymophyte and immersion, fermentation temperature 28
DEG C, 6 days time；
(4) 0.5 part of vitamin C, 0.02 part of trace element, 0.5 part of antibacterial peptide, shrimp green grass or young crops are being added in after the completion of fermentation fermentation
0.08 part of element, mixing, drying；Trace element includes 1.5 parts of potassium iodide, 7 parts of zinc gluconate, 5 parts of copper sulphate, phosphorus by weight
Sour 3 parts of disodium hydrogen, 0.2 part of sodium selenite, 1 part of magnesium nitrate；
(5) it is crushed to through pulverizer below 80 mesh, then is passed through vapor and modulates 3 minutes, is made at 95 DEG C into extrusion
Grain machine is granulated, drying again after granulation.
The indices that 1 present invention of table buckled for the Ⅹth phase with conventional cultivation crab compare
The present invention is illustrated according to above-described embodiment, it should be understood that above-described embodiment does not limit this in any form
Invention, all technical solutions obtained using equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation mode are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of young extremely detains the mixed feed in crab stage, which is characterized in that by weight including following components：Basal feed
100 parts, 3 ~ 5 parts of zymophyte, 0.3 ~ 0.5 part of vitamin C, 0.01 ~ 0.02 part of trace element, 0.3 ~ 0.5 part of antibacterial peptide, shrimp it is blue or green
0.05 ~ 0.1 part of element；The basal feed includes 3 ~ 4 parts of dregs of beans, 1 ~ 3 part of rapeseed dregs, 3 ~ 8 parts of wheat bran, fish meal 1 ~ 3 by weight
Part.
2. a kind of young according to claim 1 extremely detains the mixed feed in crab stage, which is characterized in that the zymophyte is pressed
Parts by weight are made of 1 ~ 2 part of lactic acid bacteria, 3 ~ 4 parts of EM bacterium.
3. a kind of young according to claim 1 extremely detains the mixed feed in crab stage, which is characterized in that sugar source is further included,
Sugar source is one kind in white sugar or brown sugar, and sugar source is 3 ~ 5 with zymogenic weight ratio:1.
4. a kind of young according to claim 1 extremely detains the mixed feed in crab stage, which is characterized in that the trace element
Include 1 ~ 2 part of potassium iodide, 5 ~ 8 parts of zinc gluconate, 3 ~ 5 parts of copper sulphate, 1 ~ 3 part of disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium selenite by weight
0.1 ~ 0.3 part, 0.5 ~ 1 part of magnesium nitrate.
5. a kind of young according to any one of claim 1 ~ 4 extremely detains the preparation method of the mixed feed in crab stage,
It is characterized in that, comprises the following steps：
（1）By basal feed be soaked in water 4 ~ 8 it is small when, pull out；
（2）It is by formula ratio that sugar source is soluble in water with zymophyte；
（3）By zymocyte liquid and the basal feed mixed fermentation after immersion；
（4）Vitamin C, trace element, antibacterial peptide, astaxanthin, mixing, drying are added after the completion of fermentation；
（5）It crushes, be granulated to obtain the final product.
6. a kind of young according to claim 5 extremely detains the preparation method of the mixed feed in crab stage, which is characterized in that institute
State step（3）Middle 25 ~ 30 DEG C of fermentation temperature, 3 ~ 10 days time.
7. a kind of young according to claim 5 extremely detains the preparation method of the mixed feed in crab stage, which is characterized in that institute
State step（5）Middle pulverizer is crushed to below 80 mesh, then is passed through vapor and is modulated 1 ~ 3 minute, enters extrusion at 90 ~ 95 DEG C
Comminutor is granulated, drying again after granulation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711189043.9A CN108094754A (en) | 2017-11-24 | 2017-11-24 | A kind of young extremely detains the mixed feed in crab stage and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711189043.9A CN108094754A (en) | 2017-11-24 | 2017-11-24 | A kind of young extremely detains the mixed feed in crab stage and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109198270A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-15 | 鲍源 | A kind of button crab feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN109770113A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-21 | 沈承庆 | Prevention button crab sex premature feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN110089468A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-06 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of cultural method delaying river crab gonad development |
| CN113841815A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-28 | 江苏长寿集团南山饲料有限公司 | Method for breeding juvenile crabs by using floating fermentation soft pellet feed |
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| CN101971923A (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2011-02-16 | 天津生机集团股份有限公司 | Feed additive for promoting growth of bred shrimps and crabs after shelling |
| CN103461741A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2013-12-25 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Antiviral swimming crab feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103504171A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-15 | 丹阳市正大油脂有限公司 | Juvenile crab feed |
| CN103609882A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-03-05 | 南京宁雅环境科技有限公司 | River crab feed with water purifying function and making method of river crab feed |
| CN105639204A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-08 | 山东宝来利来生物工程股份有限公司 | Biological color enhancing agent and application thereof to aquatic animal breeding |
| CN106616056A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 | Larval crab compound feed and production method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-11-24 CN CN201711189043.9A patent/CN108094754A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101971923A (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2011-02-16 | 天津生机集团股份有限公司 | Feed additive for promoting growth of bred shrimps and crabs after shelling |
| CN103461741A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2013-12-25 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Antiviral swimming crab feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN103504171A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-15 | 丹阳市正大油脂有限公司 | Juvenile crab feed |
| CN103609882A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-03-05 | 南京宁雅环境科技有限公司 | River crab feed with water purifying function and making method of river crab feed |
| CN105639204A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-08 | 山东宝来利来生物工程股份有限公司 | Biological color enhancing agent and application thereof to aquatic animal breeding |
| CN106616056A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 盐城恒兴饲料有限公司 | Larval crab compound feed and production method thereof |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109198270A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-15 | 鲍源 | A kind of button crab feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN109770113A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-21 | 沈承庆 | Prevention button crab sex premature feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN110089468A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-06 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of cultural method delaying river crab gonad development |
| CN113841815A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-28 | 江苏长寿集团南山饲料有限公司 | Method for breeding juvenile crabs by using floating fermentation soft pellet feed |
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Application publication date: 20180601 |