CN104431470A - Cashmere goat lamb fattening pellet feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A cashmere goat lamb fattening granular feed comprises the following components: 10wt% of concentrated feed, 20wt% of corn seeds, 25-30wt% of corn stalks, 15-25wt% of sunflower seed husks, and 15-25wt% of distiller's grains. And the feed is prepared into granular feed. The cashmere goat lamb pellet feed uses agricultural and sideline products as raw materials on the basis of balanced nutrition, which can not only increase the utilization value of agricultural and sideline products, turn waste into treasure, but also greatly reduce the production cost of feed, and at the same time, it can improve the fattening degree of cashmere goat lambs. There is a great improvement, the weight gain effect is remarkable, and the economic income of the farmers is effectively increased.

Description

Cashmere goat lamb fattening granular feed and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a granular feed used for lamb fattening. The granular feed has the characteristics of rich nutrition and low cost, and can make full use of agricultural and sideline product resources.

Background technique

Mutton has the characteristics of high protein, low fat, low cholesterol, etc. It is rich in nutritional value and is a nourishing and strong food. Sheep are mainly herbivorous, less diseased, less veterinary drugs and feed additives are used in the production of mutton sheep, so mutton is called green food by consumers. Thereby, mutton is more and more subject to people's favor, and the market demand of mutton is large. However, the production mode of mutton in our country is still dominated by the traditional way, multi-group grazing or loose breeding. The disadvantages of this are: firstly, the production scale is small, and it is difficult to supply large quantities according to the standard; secondly, most of the sheep used to produce mutton are adult sheep, and there are very few fat lambs, which cannot meet the market demand; moreover, the sheep grow slowly , low economic efficiency. Therefore, in order to increase the supply of mutton, the captive breeding model should be widely promoted; this provides a broad market for nutritionally balanced, natural, green and pollution-free pellet feed.

In recent years, with the rapid development of the sheep breeding industry to make up for the shortage of forage, various sheep feeds have also developed rapidly. Pellet feed is a kind of material type in the production of compound feed products. It first appeared in Europe and was widely used by various countries at the end of World War II. In the United States, pellet feed has accounted for more than 60% of the total compound feed. In my country, due to the late start of the feed industry, the small scale of breeding and high power costs, the promotion of pellet feed is slow. However, in recent years, with the rapid development of the economy, my country's feed industry has developed rapidly in the production of pellet feed, especially in the granulation and processing of poultry feed, ruminant feed, aquatic feed, and ornamental animal feed. Received good economic and social benefits.

Feeding with pellet feed can effectively reduce expenses, reduce fattening costs, and improve feeding efficiency at the same time. Compared with the traditional method of feeding coarse and concentrated feed separately, feeding with pellet feed has many advantages. First of all, pellet feed can increase the reproduction and growth of probiotics in sheep, promote the full absorption of nutrients, improve feed efficiency, and can effectively solve the problem of nutrient supply during negative nutritional balance periods (such as winter). Secondly, the pelleted feed can be mixed evenly, with balanced nutrition, and can effectively prevent lambs from being picky eaters, and at the same time improve the palatability of the feed and increase the feed intake. Third, pellet feed can increase rumen function and effectively prevent digestive tract diseases. Sheep pellet feed can not only ensure the normal rumination of sheep, but also greatly reduce the energy consumption of sheep rumination activities. And effectively control the rumen pH value between 6.4-6.8, which is beneficial to the activity of rumen microorganisms and the synthesis of proteins, so as to avoid the occurrence of rumen acidosis and other related diseases. Practice has proved that using sheep feed for several months can not only reduce digestive tract diseases by more than 90%, but also improve the immunity of sheep and reduce the occurrence of epidemic diseases. Fourth, pellet feed can increase the growth rate of lambs and shorten the slaughter period. According to the different nutrients required by the sheep at each stage of growth, more precisely formulate a balanced and nutritious feed formula to greatly increase the daily growth.

The granular feed produced by the invention uses agricultural and sideline products such as corn stalks, distiller's grains, sunflower seed shells, etc. These raw materials are convenient to obtain, low in price, and have high nutritional value, which can not only effectively reduce the feeding cost of lambs, but also accelerate the fattening of lambs , It can also effectively turn waste into treasure, and effectively utilize straw, distiller's grains, and sunflower seed shells, which can be said to serve multiple purposes. One acre of dry corn stalks is equivalent to 46kg of corn, which is rich in crude fiber; the wine tank contains solids, protein, fat and other nutrients, as well as more carotene, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and vitamin B3 , vitamin B6, vitamin B11, choline; the main nutrients in sunflower seed shells are crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, and ash. If the above-mentioned agricultural and sideline products are directly discarded without treatment, it will pollute the environment and waste precious feed resources. The invention conforms to the national concept of green food and has good development prospects.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cashmere goat lamb fattening granular feed. The raw material cost of the feed is low, mostly agricultural by-products, and the production performance of cashmere goat lambs is greatly improved.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing cashmere goat lamb fattening granular feed.

A cashmere goat lamb fattening granular feed comprises the following components:

Concentrated feed of the present invention is derived from (CP FEED) 186S special concentrated feed for goats produced by Inner Mongolia Zhengda Feed Factory.

The concentrated material contains the following components in mass percent: moisture ≤ 14.0, crude protein ≥ 30.0, crude ash ≤ 25.0, crude fiber ≤ 15.0, calcium ≥ 1.60, total phosphorus ≥ 0.60, sodium chloride 1.80-5.00, Lysine ≥ 1.00.

Vitamins and trace elements can further be included in the concentrate.

Among them, vitamin A≥15000IU, vitamin D23000-13000IU, vitamin E≥50mg; manganese 80-480mg, iron 100-1600mg, zinc 80-450mg, copper 2-50mg.

Preferably, the concentrate contains at least the following components: 7.10wt% moisture, 35.66wt% crude protein, 6.57wt% crude fat, 15.12wt% crude fiber and 19.80wt% ash.

The corn stalks and corn seeds are preferably harvested in time in mid-September every year after the seeds mature. The judging principle of the timely harvest is that the bracts turn white and dry, and at the same time, a black layer appears at the base of the grains, and the milk line of the grains disappears.

Preferably, the nutritional components of the corn stalks of the present invention at least include 6.48wt% moisture, 3.02wt% crude protein, 2.94wt% crude fat, 41.26wt% crude fiber and 5.19wt% ash.

Preferably, the conventional nutritional components of the corn seeds include: 11.86wt% moisture, 6.62wt% crude protein, 6.10wt% crude fat, 1.98wt% crude fiber and 1.60wt% ash.

The conventional nutritional components of the sunflower seed hulls in the present invention include: 7.09wt% moisture, 6.81wt% crude protein, 4.57wt% crude fat, 46.73wt% crude fiber and 7.87wt% ash.

The moisture content of the distiller's grains described in the present invention is below 12%.

Preferably, the components of distiller's grains include 7.25wt% water, 15.25wt% crude protein, 6.24wt% crude fat, 20.16wt% crude fiber and 8.73wt% ash.

A method for preparing cashmere goat lamb fattening granular feed, comprising the steps of:

(1) Raw material preparation: pulverize corn stalks to obtain coarse powder; then finely pulverize the concentrate particles, corn seeds, sunflower seed hulls, distiller's grains, and straw coarse powder;

(2) Mixed material: take each raw material and mix according to the formula amount, the water added in the mixed material, the ratio of the added water to the total mass of the mixed material is 12:100-14:100, in a closed state, Stir to mix the ingredients for 15-20 minutes;

(3) Granulation: Granulate on a granulator to obtain granules with a length of 2.0-2.5 cm.

(4) Drying: the granules obtained in step (3) are air-dried and cooled down to room temperature to obtain cashmere goat lamb fattening granule feed.

Step (1) When powdering corn stalks, use a sieve bottom with an aperture of 1.0 mm.

Step (1) When finely pulverizing raw materials, a sieve bottom with an aperture of 0.5 mm is used.

During the granulation of step (3), a grinding disc with a hole depth to aperture ratio of 1.5:1.0 should be selected before granulation, and the gap between the grinding disc and the pressure roller is between 0.05-0.3 mm. This will improve pelleting efficiency and reduce tool wear.

By adjusting the height of the cutter on the edge of the discharge port, the particle length can reach 2.0-2.5cm. The speed of loading raw materials is uniform, and the height of the materials is always kept in the middle of the pressure roller, and the discharge speed is preferably 100kg/t.

The equipment used for crushing corn stalks in the present invention is a caragana rubbing machine (power 18.5KW) and a straw grinder (power 7.5KW).

The equipment used for pulverizing each raw material in the present invention is a fine pulverizer (power 15KW).

The equipment used for the mixed material of the present invention is a drum mixer (power 10KW)

The used equipment of granulation of the present invention is pellet feed machine (power 7.5KW).

Compared with the pellet feed of the prior art, the pellet feed provided by the present invention considers the policy of making full use of roughage to develop grain-saving aquaculture, adopts agricultural and sideline products as production raw materials, and optimizes the combination of various raw material formulas to meet both nutritional needs and The purpose of reducing production costs. This pellet meets the needs of the development of modern animal husbandry, is green, sustainable, and has good economic and social benefits.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. the embodiment. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The raw material ratio of preparation feed is as follows:

Among them, the moisture in the concentrate is ≤14.0, crude protein ≥30.0, crude ash ≤25.0, crude fiber ≤15.0, calcium ≥1.60, total phosphorus ≥0.60, sodium chloride 1.80-5.00, lysine ≥1.00;

The composition of corn stover includes: 6.48wt% moisture, 3.02wt% crude protein, 2.94wt% crude fat, 41.26wt% phase fiber, 70.83wt% middle-washed fiber, 49.26wt% acid-washed fiber, 47.74wt% lignin and 5.19 wt% ash.

The composition of corn seeds includes: 11.86wt% moisture, 6.62wt% crude protein, 6.10wt% crude fat, 1.98wt% crude fiber, 14.94wt% medium-washed fiber, 2.43wt% acid-washed fiber, 2.10wt% lignin and 1.60 wt% ash.

The composition of sunflower seed hulls includes: 7.09wt% moisture, 6.81wt% crude protein, 4.57wt% crude fat, 46.73wt% crude fiber, 68.74wt% middle-washed fiber, 55.04wt% acid-washed fiber, 52.35wt% lignin and 7.87 wt% ash.

The composition of distiller's grains includes 7.25wt% moisture, 15.25wt% crude protein, 6.24wt% crude fat, 20.16wt% crude fiber, 49.49wt% mid-wash fiber, 33.11wt% pickling fiber, 28.16wt% lignin and 8.73wt% ash .

The method for preparing the feed is as follows: (1) material preparation: pulverize the corn stalks to obtain coarse powder; then finely pulverize the concentrate granules, corn seeds, sunflower seed hulls, distiller's grains, and straw coarse powder;

(2) Mixed material: take each raw material and mix according to the formula amount, the water added in the mixed material, the ratio of the added water to the total mass of the mixed material is 12:100-14:100, in a closed state, Stir to mix the ingredients for 15-20 minutes;

(3) Granulation: Granulate on a granulator to obtain granules with a length of 2.0-2.5 cm.

(4) Drying: the granules obtained in step (3) are air-dried and cooled down to room temperature to obtain cashmere goat lamb fattening granule feed.

Prepared granule feed nutritional composition:

Example 2

The raw material ratio of preparation feed is as follows:

Among them, the moisture in the concentrate is ≤14.0, crude protein ≥30.0, crude ash ≤25.0, crude fiber ≤15.0, calcium ≥1.60, total phosphorus ≥0.60, sodium chloride 1.80-5.00, lysine ≥1.00;

The composition of corn stover includes: 6.48wt% moisture, 3.02wt% crude protein, 2.94wt% crude fat, 41.26wt% crude fiber, 70.83wt% medium-washed fiber, 49.26wt% acid-washed fiber, 47.74wt% lignin and 5.19 wt% ash.

The composition of corn seeds includes: 11.86wt% moisture, 6.62wt% crude protein, 6.10wt% crude fat, 1.98wt% crude fiber, 14.94wt% medium-washed fiber, 2.43wt% acid-washed fiber, 2.10wt% lignin and 1.60 wt% ash.

The composition of sunflower seed hulls includes: 7.09wt% moisture, 6.81wt% crude protein, 4.57wt% crude fat, 46.73wt% crude fiber, 68.74wt% middle-washed fiber, 55.04wt% acid-washed fiber, 52.35wt% lignin and 7.87 wt% ash.

The composition of distiller's grains includes 7.25wt% moisture, 15.25wt% crude protein, 6.24wt% crude fat, 20.16wt% crude fiber, 49.49wt% mid-wash fiber, 33.11wt% pickling fiber, 28.16wt% lignin and 8.73wt% ash .

The method for preparing the feed is as follows: (1) material preparation: pulverize the corn stalks to obtain coarse powder; then finely pulverize the concentrate granules, corn seeds, sunflower seed hulls, distiller's grains, and straw coarse powder;

(2) Mixed material: take each raw material and mix according to the formula amount, the water added in the mixed material, the ratio of the added water to the total mass of the mixed material is 12:100-14:100, in a closed state, Stir to mix the ingredients for 15-20 minutes;

(3) Granulation: Granulate on a granulator to obtain granules with a length of 2.0-2.5 cm.

(4) Drying: the granules obtained in step (3) are air-dried and cooled down to room temperature to obtain cashmere goat lamb fattening granule feed.

Prepared granule feed nutritional composition:

Example 3

The raw material ratio of preparation feed is as follows:

Among them, the moisture in the concentrate is ≤14.0, crude protein ≥30.0, crude ash ≤25.0, crude fiber ≤15.0, calcium ≥1.60, total phosphorus ≥0.60, sodium chloride 1.80-5.00, lysine ≥1.00;

The composition of corn stover includes: 6.48wt% moisture, 3.02wt% crude protein, 2.94wt% crude fat, 41.26wt% crude fiber, 70.83wt% medium-washed fiber, 49.26wt% acid-washed fiber, 47.74wt% lignin and 5.19 wt% ash.

The composition of corn seeds includes: 11.86wt% moisture, 6.62wt% crude protein, 6.10wt% crude fat, 1.98wt% crude fiber, 14.94wt% medium-washed fiber, 2.43wt% acid-washed fiber, 2.10wt% lignin and 1.60 wt% ash.

The composition of sunflower seed hulls includes: 7.09wt% moisture, 6.81wt% crude protein, 4.57wt% crude fat, 46.73wt% crude fiber, 68.74wt% middle-washed fiber, 55.04wt% acid-washed fiber, 52.35wt% lignin and 7.87 wt% ash.

The composition of distiller's grains includes 7.25wt% moisture, 15.25wt% crude protein, 6.24wt% crude fat, 20.16wt% crude fiber, 49.49wt% mid-wash fiber, 33.11wt% pickling fiber, 28.16wt% lignin and 8.73wt% ash .

The method for preparing the feed is as follows: (1) material preparation: pulverize the corn stalks to obtain coarse powder; then finely pulverize the concentrate granules, corn seeds, sunflower seed hulls, distiller's grains, and straw coarse powder;

(2) Mixed material: take each raw material and mix according to the formula amount, the water added in the mixed material, the ratio of the added water to the total mass of the mixed material is 12:100-14:100, in a closed state, Stir to mix the ingredients for 15-20 minutes;

(3) Granulation: Granulate on a granulator to obtain granules with a length of 2.0-2.5 cm.

(4) Drying: the granules obtained in step (3) are air-dried and cooled down to room temperature to obtain cashmere goat lamb fattening granule feed.

Prepared granule feed nutritional composition:

Experimental example 1

Further illustrate the fattening effect of the feed of the present invention on cashmere goat lambs through experiments below. The feed used in this experimental example is the cashmere goat lamb feed prepared in the embodiment.

1. Test materials: 10 Arbas cashmere goat male lambs in good body condition, 4 months old, and basically the same weight were selected, and were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the pellet feed formula and control points, with 5 lambs in each group; different test groups They were reared separately in different small pens.

2. Diet composition

The experimental group was fed with 1.5-2.5kg/d of the inventive pellet feed (increased gradually with the increase in feed intake); the control group was marked and fed with the lambs, and fed according to local feeding habits, wherein corn seeds 0.3kg/d. only, alfalfa 0.2kg/d. only, shriveled sunflower husk 0.1kg/d. only, corn straw 0.4-0.60.1kg/d. Free drinking water during the period.

3. Test period:

The test period is 70 days in total, including 10 days for the pre-test period and 60 days for the main test period; electronic weighing is carried out at the beginning, 30 days and 60 days of the official period respectively.

4. Feeding method: feed twice a day at 7:00 and 19:00 respectively.

As shown in the table: the weight gain effect of Albas cashmere goat male lambs fed with formula pellets

As shown in the table, the total weight gain test group of cashmere goats during the test period is significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05), so adopting the feed of the present invention to feed cashmere goat lambs can bring into play the production performance better, and significantly improve the daily weight gain , Feed cost reduction.

Adopt the feedstuff of other embodiment to carry out above-mentioned experiment, its result is consistent with it.

Claims (10)

1. a down producing goat lamb fattening pellet, comprises following component:

2. pellet according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described concentrate feed containing, for example the mass percent of lower component be: moisture≤14.0, crude protein >=30.0, coarse ash≤25.0, crude fibre≤15.0, calcium >=1.60, total phosphorus >=0.60, sodium chloride 1.80-5.00, lysine >=1.00.

3. pellet according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the every 100g of described concentrate feed also comprises vitamin A >=15000IU, calciferol 3000-13000IU, vitamin E >=50mg further; Manganese 80-480mg, iron 100-1600mg, zinc 80-450mg, copper 2-50mg.

4. the pellet according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that: comprise containing, for example lower component is minimum in described concentrate feed: 7.10wt% moisture, 35.66wt% crude protein, 6.57wt% crude fat, 15.12wt% crude fibre, 11.10wt% lignin and 19.80wt% ash content.

5. the pellet according to claim described in any one of 1-3, is characterized in that: the composition of described maize straw is minimum to be comprised: 6.48wt% moisture, 3.02wt% crude protein, 2.94wt% crude fat, 41.26wt% crude fibre, 47.74wt% lignin and 5.19wt% ash content.

6. the pellet according to claim described in any one of 1-3, is characterized in that: the composition of described corn seed is minimum to be comprised: 11.86wt% moisture, 6.62wt% crude protein, 6.10wt% crude fat, 1.98wt% crude fibre, 2.10wt% lignin and 1.60wt% ash content.

7. the pellet according to claim described in any one of 1-3, is characterized in that: the composition of described sunflower seed shell is minimum to be comprised: 7.09wt% moisture, 6.81wt% crude protein, 4.57wt% crude fat, 46.73wt% crude fibre, 52.35wt% lignin and 7.87wt% ash content.

8. the pellet according to claim described in any one of 1-3, is characterized in that: the composition of described vinasse is minimum comprises 7.25wt% moisture, 15.25wt% crude protein, 6.24wt% crude fat, 20.16wt% crude fibre, 28.16wt% lignin and 8.73wt% ash content.

9. a preparation method for down producing goat lamb fattening pellet according to claim 1, comprises the steps:

(1) get the raw materials ready: by corn straw smashing, obtain meal; Then respectively concentrate feed particle, corn seed, sunflower seed shell, vinasse, stalk meal are carried out respectively fine powder broken;

(2) mixed material: take each raw material according to formula ratio and mix, the water added in mixed material, the water added is 12: 100-14: 100 with the ratio of the gross mass of mixed material, in the closed state, is uniformly mixed raw material 15-20 minute;

(3) granulate: granulator is granulated obtains the particle that length reaches 2.0-2.5cm.

(4) dry: the particle that step (3) obtains is down to room temperature air-dry, namely obtains down producing goat lamb fattening pellet.

10. the method according to claim described in 9, is characterized in that:

Step (1), when meal maize straw, adopts aperture to be at the bottom of the sieve of 1.0mm;

Step (1), when the broken raw material of fine powder, adopts aperture to be at the bottom of the sieve of 0.5mm;

During the granulation of step (3), will select the mill of 1.5: 1.0 hole depths and aperture ratio before granulation, the gap of mill and pressure roller is between 0.05-0.3mm; By the cutting knife height on adjustment discharging opening limit, particle length is made to reach 2.0-2.5cm; Discharging speed is 100kg/t.