CN108081939A - 蓄电池固持装置 - Google Patents

蓄电池固持装置 Download PDF

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CN108081939A
CN108081939A CN201711171682.2A CN201711171682A CN108081939A CN 108081939 A CN108081939 A CN 108081939A CN 201711171682 A CN201711171682 A CN 201711171682A CN 108081939 A CN108081939 A CN 108081939A
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accumulator
projection
vehicle
holding unit
body component
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CN108081939B (zh
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D.戈特弗里德
S.梅尔
P.内尔
J.陶赫尔
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Magna Steyr Automotive Technologies
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Steyr Daimler Puch Fahrzeugtechnik AG and Co KG
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B62D21/157—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body for side impacts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
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Abstract

一种用于车辆的蓄电池固持装置，其包括至少一个车身部件(1)和一个蓄电池(2)，其中，所述车身部件(1)至少包括突伸部(3)，该突伸部作为承接鼻用于蓄电池(2)，从而蓄电池(2)在车辆正常状态下未被突伸部(3)固持，并且在车辆损坏状态下蓄电池(2)被突伸部(3)固持。

Description

蓄电池固持装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于车辆的蓄电池固持装置。
背景技术
尤其在电动车辆中，例如在具有内燃机的混合电动车辆、插电式混合动力车辆或者说电源插座式混合动力车辆(Steckdosen-Hybridfahrzeug)或电动汽车中使用较大的蓄电池作为驱动蓄电池，其可以包括例如大量的锂电池或镍氢电池。
这种类型的蓄电池通常较大且较重，并且因此要求在车辆上的合适的布置和紧固。
此外，正是对于这种高压蓄电池来说，必须保证蓄电池、尤其是蓄电池的壳体即使在车辆碰撞时也不会被损毁，从而保护蓄电池单池。
已知这种蓄电池可以用螺栓连接在车辆的车身上。
在具有这样紧固的蓄电池的车辆发生侧向碰撞时，这种螺栓连接然而可能失灵，并且蓄电池不受控制地移动或者完全从车辆上松脱。
专利文献DE 10 2012 108 816 A1描述了一种用于车辆的蓄电池支承装置，所述蓄电池支承装置使得蓄电池组在发生事故时朝特定的方向运动。所述蓄电池支承装置如下具有：
-蓄电池组，其在布置成次级蓄电池的情况下构成在壳体中并且布置在车辆车身的下方区域中；和
-用于沿车宽方向支承蓄电池组的端部的可变形的支承件，
-其中，可变形的支承件发生变形，作为对来自蓄电池组的一端的沿车宽方向的输入负荷的反应，并且由此促使蓄电池组的另一端部沿负荷输入方向运动并且相对于车辆车身向下运动。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，给出一种用于车辆的蓄电池固持装置，所述蓄电池固持装置以低成本的方式明显提高蓄电池和配备蓄电池的车辆的安全性。
所述技术问题通过一种用于车辆的蓄电池固持装置实现，所述蓄电池固持装置包括至少一个车身部件和蓄电池，其特征在于，所述车身部件包括至少一个突伸部，该突伸部作为用于蓄电池的承接鼻，从而蓄电池在车辆的正常状态下未被突伸部固持，并且在车辆的损坏状态下蓄电池被突伸部固持。
按照本发明车辆的蓄电池、尤其驱动蓄电池在损坏状态下被突伸部固持在车辆的车身部件上、尤其固持在侧向的车门槛或车辆其它的纵向结构上，所述突伸部在车辆正常运行时不用于紧固蓄电池。当发生事故时，尤其当发生侧向碰撞、例如碰撞到桩柱时，几何形状优选地利用在碰撞时出现的机械力如此改变，即该突伸部和蓄电池彼此发生接触，从而使得蓄电池至少沿一个空间方向被突伸部固持。优选地在一侧的白车身或车身和另一侧的蓄电池之间出现形状接合，从而防止蓄电池从车辆上松脱或分离。否则，在发生事故/碰撞的情况下自由运动的蓄电池组可能给其他交通参与者带来风险。
所述车身部件尤其可以为车门槛。
所述蓄电池尤其可以是驱动蓄电池、即尤其是高压电池，并且可以包括蓄电池壳体以及多个或大量电池单池。优选地蓄电池被理解为电气蓄电池，蓄电池的概念也可以包括其它的用于在车辆中提供能量的能源。
所述车身部件可以与突伸部一体式地构造。该突伸部也可以作为附加部件被紧固在车身部件上。
蓄电池在车辆的正常状态下未被突伸部固持，并且优选地也不与突伸部接触。在车辆的损坏状态下蓄电池被突伸部固持并且因此也优选地与突伸部接触。
优选地，突伸部沿垂向构造在蓄电池的下方。尤其优选地突伸部形成水平定向的固持平面，从而在损坏状态下蓄电池被突伸部克服重力固持。该固持平面于是大约平行于路面定向或正交于车辆的Z方向、也即车辆高度方向定向。
蓄电池则可以在正常状态下被紧固在车身部件的紧固面上，其中，该紧固面可以平行于突伸部的固持平面定向。该紧固面可以从下方被自由触及，从而能通过自下方的推入而简单地安装蓄电池。突伸部则优选地通过自由通道、即侧向间距与安装完成的蓄电池隔开。
优选地，突伸部形成固持站的一侧。蓄电池在正常状态下优选地未被固持在固持站中，并且在损坏状态下被固持在固持站中。固持站具有三面的边界。优选地，固持站的全部三个边界由车身部件构造。固持站的三个边界之一可以是车身部件的突伸部。该固持站的边界可以是水平的固持平面。固持站的另外的、平行于该固持平面的边界可以是紧固面或者是成为紧固面的延长面或平行面的表面。该固持平面和紧固面可以通过侧向的连接面补充成固持站。
所述蓄电池固持装置优选地包括连接件、尤其是螺栓，其中，蓄电池在正常状态下通过连接件被紧固在车身部件上，并且其中，连接件在损坏状态下失效，尤其断裂、损毁或被打开，由此蓄电池和突伸部或必要时固持站彼此相向移动，从而使蓄电池随后被用作承接鼻的突伸部固持。
所述突伸部和/或必要时固持站在正常状态下优选地布置在相对于蓄电池的车辆外侧，从而在损坏状态下，当车身部件向内弯曲时，即车身部件靠近车辆纵向中央轴线地弯曲时，该突伸部和/或整个固持站从外部靠近蓄电池，以便固持蓄电池。
优选地，蓄电池具有侧向的支承段，该支承段在车辆的损坏状态下被突伸部固持。优选地，该支承段在正常状态下通过连接件紧固在车身部件上。
如上所述，按照本发明的车辆包括蓄电池固持装置。该蓄电池固持装置优选地如此安装在车辆上，使得突伸部在损坏状态下固定蓄电池，防止蓄电池向下松脱或掉落。
附图说明
以下结合附图举例阐述本发明。
图1示出按照本发明的蓄电池固持装置在正常状态下的剖视图，
图2示出根据图1按照本发明的蓄电池固持装置在损坏状态下的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2示出按照本发明的蓄电池固持装置，其中，承接鼻3在如图1所示的正常状态下未固持蓄电池2，并且在如图2所示的损坏状态下沿安装方向在下方固持蓄电池2，从而尽管连接件5被断毁也不会使蓄电池2向下掉落。
蓄电池固持装置包括车身部件1、即侧向的车门槛和蓄电池壳体中的蓄电池2、即驱动蓄电池。车身部件1包括作为用于蓄电池2的承接鼻的突伸部3，从而蓄电池2在如图1所示的车辆的正常状态下未被突伸部3固持，并且在如图2所示的车辆的损坏状态下被突伸部3固持。
突伸部3构造为沿垂向、即沿车辆的Z方向位于蓄电池2的下方，并且在正常状态下沿侧向通过作为侧向间距的自由通道7与蓄电池2隔开，由此可以简单地沿安装方向M、即从下方安装蓄电池2。
突伸部3构成了水平定向的固持平面，从而在损坏状态下使蓄电池2被突伸部3克服重力地固持，由此避免蓄电池2向下掉落。
突伸部3构造了固持站4的一侧，该固持站在损坏状态下包围且固持蓄电池2的支承段6，该支承段可以是蓄电池2的蓄电池壳体的区段，由此形状接合地防止蓄电池2向下、向上和向外运动。
在所示的实施形式中，固持站的全部三个侧面由同一车身部件1、即车门槛构造。
蓄电池2、优选地蓄电池2的支承段6在正常状态下通过连接件5紧固在车身部件1上，尤其紧固在固持站4的一侧或延长段上。
当车辆发生侧向碰撞时，即从外部、在所示附图中从右方、沿碰撞方向A碰撞时，车身部件1被向内挤压并且因此车身部件1和突伸部3或固持站4移动靠近蓄电池2。由此连接件5、尤其螺栓可能由于出现的碰撞能量被断毁，并且因此作为连接件失效。如图2可见，在此尽管螺栓断裂然而蓄电池仍被突伸部3固持。
附图标记列表
1 车身部件
2 蓄电池
3 突伸部
4 固持站
5 连接件
6 支承段
7 自由通道
Z Z方向、垂直方向
Y Y方向、水平方向
M 安装方向
A 碰撞方向

Claims (7)

1.一种用于车辆的蓄电池固持装置，其包括至少一个车身部件(1)和蓄电池(2)，其特征在于，所述车身部件(1)包括至少一个突伸部(3)，所述突伸部(3)作为用于蓄电池(2)的承接鼻，从而使蓄电池(2)在车辆的正常状态下未被突伸部(3)固持，并且在车辆的损坏状态下使蓄电池(2)被突伸部(3)固持。
2.按照权利要求1所述的蓄电池固持装置，其中，所述突伸部(3)形成固持站(4)的一侧，其中，所述蓄电池(2)在正常状态下未固持在固持站(4)中，并且在损坏状态下固持在固持站(4)中。
3.按照权利要求1所述的蓄电池固持装置，其包括连接件(5)，尤其包括螺栓，其中，所述蓄电池(2)在正常状态下通过所述连接件(5)被紧固在所述车身部件(1)上，并且其中，所述连接件(5)在损坏状态下失效，从而使所述蓄电池(2)和突伸部(3)和/或必要时固持站(4)彼此相向运动。
4.按照权利要求1所述的蓄电池固持装置，其中，所述突伸部(3)和/或必要时固持站(4)在正常状态下布置在相对于所述蓄电池(2)的车辆外侧，从而在损坏状态下，当所述车身部件(1)向内弯曲时，即车身部件靠近车辆纵向中央轴线地弯曲时，所述突伸部(3)和/或固持站(4)从外部靠近所述蓄电池(2)。
5.按照权利要求1所述的蓄电池固持装置，其中，所述突伸部(3)沿垂向构造在所述蓄电池(2)的下方，并且优选地形成水平定向的固持平面，从而在损坏状态下所述蓄电池(2)被所述突伸部(3)克服重力地固持。
6.按照权利要求1所述的蓄电池固持装置，其中，所述蓄电池具有侧向的支承段(6)，所述支承段(6)在车辆的损坏状态下被所述突伸部(3)固持。
7.一种车辆，其包括按照权利要求1所述的蓄电池固持装置。
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