CN1080677C

CN1080677C - Dual propeller propulsion system for a water craft

Info

Publication number: CN1080677C
Application number: CN97199553A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖因霍尔德·罗伊特; 斯特凡·考尔
Original assignee: Schottel GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Skei Altair GmbH & Co. kg
Priority date: 1996-11-07
Filing date: 1997-11-07
Publication date: 2002-03-13
Anticipated expiration: 2017-11-07
Also published as: JP3214568B2; NO992215D0; CA2271034A1; ES2163204T3; EP0935553B1; NO992215L; CA2271034C; KR20000053042A; DK0935553T3; PT935553E; NO324212B1; HK1023971A1; WO1998019907A1; KR100306261B1; CN1236347A; JP2000515095A; EP0935553A1

Abstract

Dual propeller propulsion system for water crafts having two propellers (3, 4) fitted in the same axis outside the ends of an underwater housing (2) configured as a gondola so as to facilitate flow, said housing being placed under the hull of the water craft having a driving mechanism lodged in the underwater housing for both propellers (3, 4) to which the energy coming out for both propellers (3, 4) to which the energy coming out of the hull of the water craft is guided by means of a housing shank (18), one of the ends of which is mounted on the hull (24) of the water craft while the other is mounted in the underwater housing (2). Said propulsion system is characterized in that the underwater housing (2) forms part of a control device (20) by means of which the water jet coming out with increased energy from the front propeller (3) in the direction of travel of the water craft is guided with minimal energy loss and optimal irrotational flow to the back propeller (4) placed in the other end of the underwater housing in the direction of travel of the water craft. Both propellers (3, 4) are driven by the driving mechanism placed in the underwater housing in the same direction of rotation and are configured in the area of the respective water jet cross section in such a way that the differing flow energy entering both propellers (3, 4) is optimally used.

Description

The twin screw formula propelling unit of marine equipment

The present invention relates to a kind of twin-propeller waterjet propulsor that has marine main engine and drive by marine main engine.

This propelling unit is disclosed in such design, be that original marine main engine and especially Diesel's motor are installed in the hull, be positioned at tribute your shape (Gondel all under the hull as the transmission device of marine main engine other parts, Venice pleasure-boat) in the casing, the axle that links to each other with transmission device stretches out from opposite end, and the axle outer end is rotationally connected with a screw propeller is anti-respectively.Such solution has been described in DE4430738, principal character wherein is to be contained in two guiding devices between the screw propeller, this guiding device has been eliminated the water mesoscale eddies after it leaves screw propeller forward on the travel direction, thereby water is with higher-energy but resemble and do not have vortex ground the front propeller and flow into screw propeller after leaning on the travel direction.Guiding device be by breather vane with one with tribute all your shape casing or under water casing in spool constituting that hull links to each other.Such propelling unit is also used some additional informations, and this has described in " THE MOTORSHIP " (1996.10, P47～P48, " Double the Prop:half theproblem ").According to illustrating under the additional information, casing or tribute under water all your shape casing obtains benefiting optimum design fluidly, but do not provide detailed explanation, and this is wanted the particular case concrete analysis.But various situations are all drawn by whole relation, be tribute all your shape casing in benefit stream design plan, be the support sector of guiding device rather than the resistive portion of guiding device, this means, without any can therefrom inferring all explanations of your shape casing effect of tribute of supporting the guiding device function.Although studied propelling unit, on meaning of the present invention, without any explanation to the Blade Design of second screw propeller on flow direction than in more detail.In this connection, only subsidiaryly mentioned another identical propeller size and can raise the efficiency, this is because developed the special geometry of after screw, but does not point out why special geometry can have outstanding effect.Disclose this propelling unit in such design plan, promptly whole propelling unit is arranged in all that shape casings of above-mentioned tribute.In this solution, one is used for motor at the screw propeller at Gong Douer shape casing two ends as marine main engine, and an electrical generator that is installed in the hull is given above-mentioned motor power supply.Such solution discloses in EP0590867A1.

In according to the propelling unit of stating design plan earlier, axle main frame and tribute all between your the shape casing inner driver in hull.Stating in the design-calculated propelling unit according to inferior, hull intrinsic motivation and tribute all in your the shape casing electric wire between the motor encased by sleeve pipe.If sleeve pipe in the upper end can around its longitudinal axis attach troops to a unit rotationally in hull and in its lower end anti-all your the shape casings of tribute that support rotationally, then can be it and be equipped with a servomotor, this servomotor can force sleeve pipe with tribute all your shape casing and described screw propeller rotate around the sleeve pipe longitudinal axis, thereby the flow path direction that goes out of after screw was all changing before hydrostatic always and has a rudder formula twin screw device.In addition, formerly state among the embodiment, it is the part of guiding device that sleeve pipe is designed to.

According to these and other, the prior art of not bringing other viewpoint, task of the present invention is to make to have twin-propeller marine propeller and obtain optimization, thereby obtained to be considered to best efficient according to current know-how, compare with the process technology cost with laid down cost of the prior art, the laid down cost of marine propeller of the present invention and process technology cost do not increase many.

Solution according to above-mentioned task of the present invention is to make up indivedual solutions that each is suitably selected, so that not only comprehensive each advantage, and each advantage is extended to a whole best total design.

Therefore, marine propeller of the present invention relates to a waterjet propulsor, it has two and is contained in screw propeller that on the end and tribute outside hull all draws your the shape casing and one and is contained in all actuating devices in your the shape casing of tribute, from hull, give described actuating device energy supply by a sleeve pipe, one section of described sleeve pipe is located on the hull and its other end is located at tribute all on your the shape casing, its middle sleeve is the part of a guiding device, make by this guiding device and to be installed on all screw propeller places on your shape chassis end of an axle head or tribute, the current that leave propeller forward on the transportation means travel direction on the water in the mode of strengthening energy of flow do not have eddy current, so that will leave the current high energy of front propeller but the screw propeller after leaning on the transportation means travel direction is on the water guided on few vortex ground into, thus these two screw propellers by tribute all the actuating device in your the shape casing with drive and in the current transverse cross-sectional area, design with turning to this two screw propellers substantially the samely.In this marine propeller, casing or tribute under water all your casing have optimum shape and lean on the transportation means travel direction on the water after screw propeller have as " THE MOTORSHIP Bd.77 Nr.915 " (1996.10, P47～P48, " Double the Prop:half the problem ") described special geometry.

In propelling unit of the present invention, these two screw propellers have substantially the same diameter, thereby forward screw propeller has identical blade plan form on the transportation means travel direction in whole diameter range on the water, and the screw propeller after leaning on the transportation means travel direction on the water has identical blade plan form in whole diameter range, the diameter of shrink being determined by the current when leaving front propeller has two kinds of different blade plan forms, on the water on the transportation means travel direction forward screw propeller and lean on the transportation means travel direction on the water after screw propeller have identical blade plan form radially being positioned at the annular region of shrinking outside definite diameter range by current.

These and other feature of the present invention is from later on to obtaining the description of the many embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings and the Accessory Right claim.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 shows first embodiment of waterjet propulsor of the present invention, it has one respectively and is positioned at and benefits all your shape screw propellers on the two ends of casing under water of mobile tribute, and described casing is installed on the hull bottom side under the ship by casing axle or leg and a motor that a screw propeller is housed respectively on itself or end wherein is housed;

Fig. 2 shows second embodiment in other suitable design plan compared to Figure 1;

Fig. 3 shows the 3rd embodiment, wherein in the shell angular drive mechanism is housed under water, drive energy and pass to described bevel gearing by axostylus axostyle marine main engine in the string that is installed in sleeve pipe or the casing axle, described marine main engine is not shown but it can be common internal combustion engine, motor etc.;

Fig. 4-Fig. 6 shows another embodiment same as described above with three modification, and it has the motor that is installed in the casing under water, and electrical generator power for this motor in the inboard by cable, and described cable passes the casing axle;

Fig. 7 shows double-propeller structure, and it especially is suitable for and it is a twin screw formula layout, and this is as its theme especially of the present invention and can be used in all the foregoing descriptions.

According to Fig. 1 embodiment is described

Propelling unit mainly is the motor 1 that is positioned at outside the hull and especially is positioned at the casing under the hull by at ^∵With two

screw propellers

3 ^∵, 4 ^∵Constitute, wherein motor 1 ^∵Drive this two screw propellers.These two screw propellers structurally are different in principle, though they may have identical blade tip circular arc of diameter and similar blade surface geometry shape.Described screw propeller has identical turning to identical rotating speed and for example according to arrow A ^∵Shown meets stream like that on same direction.

Motor 1 ^∵Be installed in to waterproof casing 2 under water ^∵In.Driven shaft 7 ^∵Stretch out from the casing both sides and in the motor side by casing 2 ^∵Two bearings 8 ^∵, 9 ^∵One of be rotatably supported in the casing.At two bearings 8 ^∵, 9 ^∵The side, described axle 7 with the relevant distolateral enclosure wall 2a of end face that is designed to the labyrinth seal part ^∵, 2b ^∵Between sealing member 10 ^∵, 11 ^∵Be used for sealing.At casing 2 ^∵The outside, shaft end 12 ^∵, 13 ^∵By flange and axle 7 ^∵Link to each other, wherein each shaft end is anti-is respectively supporting two screw propellers 3 rotationally ^∵, 4 ^∵In one.Sleeve cap 14 ^∵, 15 ^∵On distolateral with casing 2 ^∵Link to each other, wherein make at front propeller 3 ^∵Head 14 in the zone ^∵, the middle part in the casing shape and at after screw 4 ^∵Afterbody 15 in the zone ^∵Have and benefit mobile continuous outline.Turn to casing 2 ^∵Sleeve cap 14 ^∵, 15 ^∵End wall 14a ^∵, 15a ^∵Be labyrinth seal 16 ^∵, 17 ^∵Second portion, its first is above-mentioned end face 2a ^∵, 2b ^∵Casing 2 ^∵By so hollow leg 18 ^∵Remain on the hull, promptly the leg outline is a screw propeller 3 ^∵, 4 ^∵Between guiding device 19 ^∵A part, described guiding device has attaches troops to a unit in casing 2 ^∵Other blade, wherein use 20 ^∵Show on diameter and leg 18 ^∵Opposed blade.Guiding device 19 ^∵Blade all around axle 7 ^∵The longitudinal axis fixedly attach troops to a unit in casing 2 evenly distributedly ^∵

Screw

propeller

3 ^∵, 4 ^∵Design-calculated, i.e. second screw propeller 4 are not always the case ^∵The initialization level approximate first screw propeller 3 ^∵Final work level, with guiding device 19 ^∵Relevant ground and as second screw propeller 4 ^∵Input torque like that suitably influence first screw propeller 3 ^∵Output torque, pass less degradation of energy when second screw propeller thereby liquid under any circumstance all only occurs from first screw propeller.

To the motor power supply is by lead 21 ^∵Realize that lead is at leg 18 ^∵With casing 2 ^∵In be drawn towards motor.Therefore, leg 18 ^∵With casing 2 ^∵Inner chamber be communicated with.

For not only can with propelling unit boats and ships vertically (the axle drive shaft longitudinal axis) go up and produce thrust, and can control boats and ships with it, whole propelling unit can green phase to the suitable layout of boats and ships and suitable rotary machine in known mode itself around vertical axes 22 ^∵Middle spot wobble between two screw propellers and the perhaps comprehensive rotation of possibility, its axis 22 ^∵Perpendicular to axle longitudinal axis 23 ^∵Rotation axis.

According to Fig. 2 embodiment is described

Propelling unit mainly is by being positioned at outside the hull and motor 1 ¨ and two screw propeller 3 ¨, 4 ¨ that especially be positioned at casing 2 ¨ below the hull constitute at one, and wherein motor 1 ¨ drives this two screw propellers.These two screw propellers structurally are different in principle, though they may have diameter identical blade tip circle and similar blade surface geometry shape.They have identical turning to identical rotating speed and for example according to meeting stream like that on same direction shown in the arrow A ¨.

Be installed in to motor 1 ¨ waterproof under water among casing 2 ¨.Driven shaft 7 ¨ stretch out from described casing both sides and are rotatably supported in the casing by one of two bearing 8 ¨, 9 ¨ of casing 2 ¨ in the motor side.Sealing member 10 ¨, 11 ¨ between axle drive shaft 7 ¨ and distolateral enclosure wall 2a ¨, the 2b ¨ relevant with the end face that is designed to labyrinth seal part are used for sealing.Outside casing 2 ¨, shaft end 12 ¨, 13 ¨ are connected on driven shaft 7 ¨ by flange, wherein anti-respectively one of them screw propeller 3 ¨, 4 ¨ of supporting rotationally of each shaft end.Sleeve cap 14 ¨, 15 ¨ link to each other with casing 2 ¨ on distolateral, head 14 ¨, the middle part in the casing shape and afterbody 15 ¨ in after screw 4 ¨ zones in front propeller 3 ¨ zones are had benefit mobile continuous-profile.End wall 14a ¨, the 15a ¨ that turns to sleeve cap 14 ¨, 15 ¨ of casing 2 ¨ is the second portion of labyrinth seal 16 ¨, 17 ¨, and labyrinth sealed first is above-mentioned end face 2a ¨, 2b ¨.Casing 2 ¨ remain on the hull by so hollow leg 18 ¨, the outline that is described leg is the part of the guiding device between screw propeller 3 ¨, 4 ¨, described guiding device has other blade of attaching troops to a unit in casing 2 ¨, has wherein expressed on diameter and the opposed blade of leg 18 ¨ with 20 ¨.The blade of guiding device 19 ¨ is all fixedly attached troops to a unit in casing 2 ¨ evenly distributedly around the longitudinal axis of axle drive shaft 7 ¨.

Screw propeller 3 ¨, the 4 ¨ design-calculated that is not always the case, promptly the initialization level of second screw propeller, 4 ¨ approximates the final work level of first screw propeller, 3 ¨, ground relevant with guiding device 19 ¨ and suitably influence the output torque of first screw propeller, 3 ¨ as the input torque of second screw propeller, 4 ¨ passes less degradation of energy when second screw propeller thereby liquid under any circumstance all only occurs from first screw propeller.

Realize that by lead 21 ¨ described lead is drawn towards motor to the motor power supply in leg 18 ¨ and casing 2 ¨.Therefore, the inner chamber of leg 18 ¨ and casing 2 ¨ is communicated with.

Produce thrust in order to go up at boats and ships vertical (the axle drive shaft longitudinal axis) with propelling unit, and can control boats and ships with it, whole propelling unit can rotate and the perhaps comprehensive rotation of possibility around the mid point of vertical axes 22 ¨ between two screw propellers in known mode own the suitable layout of boats and ships and suitable rotary machine by green phase, and its axis 22 ¨ are perpendicular to the rotation axis of axle longitudinal axis 23 ¨.

Motor 1 ¨ be designed to permagnetic synchronous motor and therefore but one have the very motor of high power density.Utilize such motor technology just can make two casing 2 ¨ between the screw propeller have very high fluid mechanics efficient.

Utilize this technology leg 18 ¨ can also be made an axle, this axle also has best fluid mechanics efficient.

The lower area of axle 18 ¨ casing 2 ¨ near is a design-calculated like this, be it with constituted at diametrically opposite second flap, 20 ¨ flap to and formed guiding device thus, thereby can best water be guided at second screw propeller, 4 ¨ that meet on the flow path direction A ¨.The end of flap is positioned at the blade tip of the same diameter of these two screw propeller 3 ¨, 4 ¨ to be justified on 5 ¨.

Permanent synchronous dynamo by having high power density has obtained a kind of like this propelling unit with best guiding device (flap to or guiding device 20 ¨) and the combination of two screw propeller 3 ¨, 4 ¨ under the situation of minor diameter, its feature is not only at concerned power but also all improving efficient aspect the fluid power greatly.

1 ¨ is designed to permanent synchronous dynamo with motor, and this compares with other known motor and can dwindle casing 2 ¨ diameters and reach 20%.Advantage is conspicuous, promptly only less quality should be arranged, flox condition is favourable or resistance to flow is less.

Another design plan of the present invention relates to the rotor support structure of permanent motor, and it also comprises the supporting of prop shaft.In order to reduce from screw propeller or to eliminate displacement, distortion and dynamic load, it is that axle drive shaft 7 ¨ are by membrane-type coupling 23 ¨ with being connected of prop shaft 12 ¨, 13 ¨ that rotor connects, 24 ¨ realization.Therefore, can between stator and rotor, obtain minimal air gap, this means and obviously improved work efficiency.

According to Fig. 3 embodiment is described

Fig. 3 shows one, and to be designed to the rudder formula twin-propeller and have a band vertical drive shaft 1 that is contained in the hull Drive the marine propeller of screw propeller outward with hull.

Since be common mode and in Fig. 3 not shown ground, the propelling unit that is made of motor and driving device acts on vertical boats and ships axle drive shaft 1 The upper end, thereby make axle drive shaft 1 Around its longitudinal axis 2 Rotation in have speed variable.Bevel gearing 3 , 4 The anti-axle drive shaft 1 that is located at rotationally of input finishing bevel gear cuter The lower end, it and bevel gearing 3 , 4 Output finishing bevel gear cuter 4 Effectively connect.Output finishing bevel gear cuter 4 The anti-horizontal output shaft 5 of a two-way extension that supports rotationally On the free end of described output shaft, resist respectively a screw propeller 6 is housed rotationally , 7 Screw propeller structurally is different in principle, although have the blade tip circle 14 with same diameter and similar blade surface geometry shape Their green phases are to output shaft 5 The one layout and have identical turning to identical rotating speed and for example as arrow A The shown stream of meeting like that in the same direction.

Bevel gearing 3 , 4 By a casing 9 Encase, in this casing by bearing 10 , 11 Rotatably support output shaft 5 Casing 9 Vertical drive shaft 1 by a concentric locking collar And can be in order to realize the rudder function around the sleeve pipe 9a of its longitudinal axis swing Supporting.

Angle of rake lower apron can be installed in jet pipe 12 In.

Front propeller 6 Go out to have produced in the stream residual flow or return eddy current at it, the energy of its expression loss.Connect screw propeller 7 after the same rotation Bear the impact that front propeller goes out stream.At two

screw propellers

6 , 7 Between do not have under the situation of guiding device, above-mentionedly disadvantageously go out conductance and caused cavity phenomenon of strengthening and the increase that has caused degradation of energy.

In order to suppress degradation of energy, at these two

screw propellers

6 , 7 Between be provided with a guiding device 8 , utilize described guiding device to regulate front propeller 6 Return the eddy current direction.In this case, regained the energy of loss, this is to have produced propulsive force because of being streamed by guiding device.In addition, connect screw propeller 7 after having produced Preceding eddy current, it can transform higher energy difference like this.Consider such criterion, promptly second screw propeller 7 preferably has a kind of and first screw propeller 6 Different structural design schemes.

According to Fig. 3, guiding device 8 Be by two

breather vane

8a , 8b Constitute one of them breather vane 8a Be by around vertical drive shaft 1 Sleeve pipe 9a Constitute.The second breather vane 8b Be positioned at around horizontal output shaft 5 Casing 9 Bottom side 9b On, promptly stagger 180 ° with first breather vane.These two

breather vanes

6 , 7 With

whole casing

9 , 9a Constituted a member together.

According to Fig. 4～Fig. 6 embodiment is described

Propelling unit mainly is to be made of motor 1 and two

screw propellers

3,4 of being positioned at outside the hull and especially being positioned at the casing 2 below the hull at one, and wherein motor 1 drives screw propeller.These two screw propellers structurally are different in principle, though they may have diameter identical blade tip circle 5 and similar blade surface geometry shape.They have identical turning to identical rotating speed and for example according to meeting stream like that on same direction shown in the arrow A.

Be installed in to motor 1 waterproof under water in the casing 2.Axle drive shaft 7 stretches out from described casing both sides and is rotatably supported in the casing by one of 2 two bearings of

casing

8,9 in the motor side.Between axle drive shaft 7 and top

side enclosure wall

2a, 2b and relevant with the end face that is designed to labyrinth seal

part sealing member

10,11 is used for sealing.Outside casing 2,

shaft end

12,13 is connected on the axle 7 by flange, wherein anti-respectively one of them

screw propeller

3,4 that supports rotationally of each shaft end.Sleeve

cap

14,15 links to each other with casing 2 on distolateral, head 14 in front propeller 3 zone, the middle part in the casing shape and the afterbody 15 in after screw 4 is regional is had be beneficial to mobile continuous-profile.End wall 14a, the 15a that turns to the

sleeve cap

14,15 of casing 2 is the second portion of

labyrinth seal

16,17, and its first is above-mentioned end face 2a, 2b.Casing 2 remains on the hull by such hollow feet 18, the outline that is described leg is the part of the guiding device 19 of 3,4 on screw propeller, described guiding device has other blade of attaching troops to a unit in casing 2, has wherein expressed on diameter and leg 18 opposed blades with 20.The blade of guiding device 19 is all given casing 2 around fixing evenly distributedly outfit of the longitudinal axis of axle drive shaft 7.

Screw

propeller

3,4 design-calculated that is not always the case, promptly the initialization level of second screw propeller 4 approximates the final work level of first screw propeller 3, suitably influence the output eddy current of first screw propeller 3 with guiding device 19 relevant ground and as the input eddy current of second screw propeller 4, thereby liquid under any circumstance all only occurs from the less degradation of energy of first screw propeller when second screw propeller transmits.

Realize that by lead 21 described lead is drawn towards motor to the motor power supply in leg 18 and casing 2, therefore, the inner chamber of leg 18 and casing 2 is communicated with.

Produce thrust in order to go up at boats and ships vertical (the axle drive shaft longitudinal axis) with propelling unit, and can control boats and ships with it, whole propelling unit can green phase to the suitable layout of boats and ships and suitable swing machinery with known mode itself around vertical axes line 22 between two screw propellers middle spot wobble and perhaps can comprehensively rotate, its axis 22 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of axle drive shaft longitudinal axis 23.

Below referring to Fig. 2,3 ground the angle of rake design of specially suitable the present invention is described.Here, motor 1 is the type of an excitation forever synchronous dynamo with p-m rotor 25 and stator piece group 26.Such motor itself is known, and why Here it is needn't specifically describe in detail is designed to forever that the motor of excitation type synchronous dynamo obtains cause.

Tribute under being installed on barnacle 24 under water all adopts in your the shape casing 2 such motor to drive two identical rotations and screw propeller that advance on the A over there especially has different special-purpose advantages aspect the electric power of machine, and it can save urgent device for cooling.In addition, can realize the small construction volume, this makes again and obtains the resistance optimization shape of casing under water and become and may and especially can make the casing that obtains its minimum diameter become possibility.

The type of excitation forever synchronous dynamo 1 so so is installed in tribute all in your shape casing 2 in other design plan, promptly

continuous prop shaft

12,13 and rotor 25 have a public supporting structure that has two bearings 8,9.Specifically, this structure is so to realize, be permanent rotor 25 be placed on one by its concentric ring around support tube 27 on, described support tube near its two ends respectively by one in two annular membrane-

type couplings

28,29 anti-being located at rotationally on the

prop shaft

12,13, wherein membrane-

type coupling

28 or 29 and described bearing 8 or 9 be positioned on two axle heads close to each otherly.Because prop shaft and motor pipe have a public supporting structure, so realized that the number of components reduces and the raising of driver train reliability.By adopting each membrane-type coupling that is arranged in hermetically on each radial bearing to realize very accurately and irrespectively rotor being centered at stator with the prop shaft bending as far as possible.This has brought the remarkable advantage (for example make vibrational excitation minimum) relevant with the rotor dynamic condition in the machine thereupon.

Similarly, because electric machine design is become excitation type synchronous dynamo 1 (Fig. 2,3) forever, so casing axle 18 (referring to Fig. 1, it is denoted as leg) can be assembled in the driver train in the mode that meets purpose especially under water.Such casing axle is made into very thin shape, has therefore obviously reduced the resistance to flow of device.The elongated axle of casing under water 18 has such cross-sectional plane, promptly (not shown) and the opposed rudder plate 20 that is misplaced 180 ° have been realized that relevantly the screw propeller of front propeller 3 goes out the additional following current of stream with a flap that is misplaced 90 ° respectively, this means that efficient improves, and it should bring have basic identical structure and rotate basic identical (rotating speed and turn to) screw propeller based on angle of rake plan.

Drg that brings to (its parts are assemblies of prop shaft) that is used for clamp

screw oar axle

12,13 is installed in all your shape casings 2 and representing with 33 of tribute under water.

Show finally that according to Fig. 2,3 structure obvious the simplification install affairs under water.

Removable rudder formula screw propeller is provided by different rudder formula screw propeller production firm in the boats and ships that float.In addition, corresponding cost of installation is still very high.The present invention especially can make in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2,3 under water and to carry out dismounting under water extremely simplifiedly on casing axle-supporting cone disconnected position and become possibility.The casing axle is represented with mark 18 in Fig. 3 under water, and its upper end is positioned at barnacle plane 24 and links to each other in supporting cone 30.At upper end, supporting cone is bearing in the control bearing 31 of boats and ships keel.Control bearing 31 has the inner ring 31a of a band internal gear 31b, and bearing inner ring 31a is located on the periphery of bearing cone 30 regularly.Outer ring 31c works with inner ring by rolling body, and it is assembled in the boats and ships keel regularly.The miniature gears (not shown) of an actuating device (not shown) meshes with the internal gear of control bearing inner ring, thereby whole propelling unit can rotate 360 ° so that handle boats and ships around the longitudinal axis 22.

Flange connects 32 and is signifying that the detouchable of 30 of casing axle 18 and bearing cones is connected.

All embodiment are the combinations of claim 1 technical characterictic, it relate to be used for marine equipment and the waterjet propulsor of boats and ships especially, it has a marine main engine and two screw propellers by its driving, described screw propeller be installed in outer Venice pleasure-boat formula (Gondel) stream line pattern of hull under water on the two ends of casing and it be activated the driving of device, described actuating device is arranged under water casing and acts on two screw propellers of public axle drive shaft, wherein first screw propeller has obviously improved the energy of flow of flow media, after having removed the inevitably time eddy current that is arranged in guiding device, first propeller will have the flow media of high energy value and supply with second screw propeller, second screw propeller is different with first screw propeller aspect vane group, thereby improved the low energy of flow in first screw propeller best, and in second screw propeller, higher energy of flow is improved once more.In a special and following embodiment who describes according to Fig. 2, second screw propeller has a central part and periphery, central part is different with first screw propeller in the manner described above, and described periphery is identical with first screw propeller and meet stream in the mode identical with first screw propeller.

According to Fig. 7 embodiment is described

Has a vane group best for the flow media energy increases meeting screw propeller forward on the flow path direction A 3.In the neighboring area, has an identical thus vane group at the screw propeller 4 of meeting after leaning on the flow path direction A.The neighboring area is around a center, vane group has departed from the vane group of front propeller in described center, repeatedly mention as above, be it once more from then on energy level rise and increased the energy that in first screw propeller, has improved, subsequently, the flow media that leaves first screw propeller 3 in guiding device 19 by following current and compensated the degradation of energy that causes by eddy current.Central area and neighboring area are promptly to separate around the outside face of working fluid by contraction front 100, subsequently, working fluid leave first screw propeller 3 and change over to one its be significantly less than meet stream cross-sectional plane cross-sectional plane.As a result, second screw propeller inflow of in the neighboring area, meeting the flow media represented by arrow A to meet flow media B with first screw propeller the samely.

Claims

1. the waterjet propulsor of a marine equipment, this marine equipment have two coaxial mounted and be positioned at a Chenggong all your shape benefit design-calculated fluidly and take shape in same diameter spiral oar (3 outside the end of the casing under water (2) under the marine equipment hull best, 4), this waterjet propulsor has this two screw propellers (3 that are used for that are installed in the casing under water with optimum shape, 4) actuating device, in the hull of marine equipment, kinetic energy is provided for described actuating device by a casing axle (18), one end of casing axle is located at that marine equipment hull (24) is gone up and its other end is located under water on the casing (2), wherein be provided with a guiding device (20), energy is left the flow energy loss reduction of screw propeller (3) forward on the transportation means travel direction on the water with increasing and supply with after leaning on the transportation means travel direction on the water and screw propeller (4) that have special geometry on the casing other end under water with having best irrotationality fluidity by described guiding device, it is characterized in that, the optimum shape of casing (2) is under water, it is the part of guiding device (20) just as casing axle (18) and breather vane, by described whole by breather vane, the guiding device that constitutes of casing (2) and casing axle (18) flow energy loss that energy is left screw propeller (3) forward on the transportation means travel direction on the water with improving under water reduce and do not have vorticity supply with best after leaning on the transportation means travel direction on the water and be positioned at screw propeller (4) on the casing other end under water, after leaning on the flow direction and have with steer-drive with these two screw propellers (3 of diameter, 4) special geometry is, after screw is design-calculated like this as front propeller in the transverse cross-sectional area of the current that the past screw propeller flows out promptly in the center, promptly at these two screw propellers (3,4) the various flows energy of entrance has obtained optimum utilization, because freely meet stream and its vane group corresponding to the vane group of front propeller (3) in the fringe region of following behind the center as front propeller.

2. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the blade gradient of screw propeller (4) vane group after leaning on the transportation means travel direction on the water is on the transportation means travel direction 1.04～1.52 times of the blade gradient of forward screw propeller (3) vane group on the water in the zone of shrinking corresponding to current.

3. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, allow in the belt LHA of the screw propeller (4) after the vane group of these two screw propellers (3,4) is leaned on the transportation means travel direction in the entire cross section district of forward screw propeller (3) and on the water on the transportation means travel direction on the water+/-5% disperse.

4. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, these two screw propellers (3,4) different vane group except be different gradients by blade obtain, also be to obtain by different blade protuberances, wherein the scope in the different blade gradients described in the claim 2 is 0.9～1.6.

5. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the different vane group of these two screw propellers (3,4) are not by different blade gradients but obtain by suitably different blade protuberances.

6. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, when the major part of guiding device is breather vane, breather vane (20) have 0.0～0.2 protuberance length than and-7 °～+ 7 ° adjusting angle.

7. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, guiding device has two breather vanes of arranging around the public rotating shaft rotation-symmetric ground of screw propeller (3,4).

8. as the described waterjet propulsor of one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, actuating device in the casing (2) is an actuating device (4 ' under water, 5 '), this device have two driving axial regions that are used for two screw propellers (3,4) on the chassis end under water and one on the water the motor in the transportation means hull and preferably a combustion engine or a HM Hydraulic Motor and by the mechanical-force-transmission device (2 ') of the adapter shaft of an insertion machine columella.

9. as the described waterjet propulsor of one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, actuating device in the casing (2) is one and has two screw propellers (3 that are used on the chassis end under water under water, two axial regions (13 of axle drive shaft 4), 14) motor, one on the water the power supply of the electrical generator in the transportation means hull be to realize by the lead that passes casing axle (18).

10. as the described waterjet propulsor of one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, actuating device in the casing (2) is one and has two and be used for two screw propellers (3 on the chassis end under water under water, 4) driving axial region (12,13) HM Hydraulic Motor, one on the water the energy supply of the device of the liquid motor driven working medium of the raising in transportation means hull energy be to realize by the tubular conduction mechanism of passing the casing axle.

11. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, the heat radiation of motor (1) is by casing (2) wall realization under water, and the heat generating part of motor (1) links to each other with described wall heat conduction.

12., it is characterized in that as the described waterjet propulsor of one of claim 1-10, encase the forward screw propeller (3) of transportation means travel direction on the water by accelerator nozzle, described accelerator nozzle cross-sectional plane dwindles to propeller plane from inlet.

13., it is characterized in that each screw propeller (3,4) is encased by a deceleration nozzle as the described waterjet propulsor of one of claim 1-10, the cross-sectional plane of described deceleration nozzle enlarges from the screw propeller face of each nozzle entrance to first screw propeller.

14. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, vertical casing axle (18) is connected with the marine equipment hull, thus make its can be with casing under water together in its lower end around its longitudinal axis rotation.

15. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, casing axle (18) can be done 360 ° rotation by a servomotor around its longitudinal axis.

16. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, each screw propeller (3,4) at axle (7) or each split axle (12, fixing 17) respectively by a sleeve (14,15) sealing, the optimum shape of casing (2) is at coupling bush (14 under water, 15) produced the flow profile of beneficial stream under the situation, its sleeve (14) has proved that the screw propeller (3) in this zone is the front propeller of meeting on the flow path direction (A), and the afterbody of flow profile (15) has proved that the screw propeller (4) in this zone is the screw propeller of meeting after leaning on the flow path direction.

17. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, motor (1) is an excitation type synchronous dynamo forever.

18. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, the rotor (25) of motor (1) is positioned at stator (26) with one heart.

19. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, rotor (25) by membrane-type coupling (28,29) with concentric pass rotor and at fixing screw propeller (3,4) prop shaft (7 or 12,13) that two ends pass rotor (25) resists continuous rotationally.

20. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that, outside rotor (25), nestle up each membrane-type coupling (28,29) be provided with a bearing (8,9), the assembly that is made of rotor (25) and prop shaft (12,13) is bearing in the angle of rake casing under water of marine equipment (2) by described bearing.

21. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, rotor (25) links to each other with prop shaft (12,13) by a rotor bearing pipe (27).

22. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, casing (2) can have the continuous 360 ° of rotations of rotation axis (22) that supporting cone (30) extends and intersects with prop shaft longitudinal axis (23) around a vertical spin oar axle (12,13) by one under water.

23. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, casing axle (18) removably links to each other (being connected by flange) in shell (24) plane overboard with supporting cone (18).

24. as claim 22 or 23 described waterjet propulsors, it is characterized in that, little cross-sectional plane steering box columella (18), supporting cone can be bearing in (bearing 31) in the marine equipment around the vertical axis (22) that intersects with prop shaft (12,13) longitudinal axis (23) in the cross-sectional area rotationally on bigger.

25. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that casing axle (18) is designed to the many identical breather vane (18 of the guiding device (19) between two screw propellers (3,4), 20) in one, described breather vane equally spaced is distributed on the periphery of casing (2).

26. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, encases on the water forward screw propeller (3) on the transportation means travel direction by a deceleration nozzle, the cross-sectional plane of described jet pipe enlarges to propeller plane from inlet.

27. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, each screw propeller is encased by an accelerator nozzle, the cross-sectional plane of described jet pipe dwindles or each screw propeller is encased by an accelerator nozzle to propeller plane from inlet, and the cross-sectional plane of described jet pipe enlarges to propeller plane from entering the mouth.

28. waterjet propulsor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, these two screw propellers are encased by a public jet pipe, this jet pipe is an accelerator nozzle, thereby its cross-sectional plane dwindles from the propeller plane of nozzle entry to first screw propeller, perhaps this jet pipe is an accelerator nozzle, so its cross-sectional plane enlarges from the propeller plane of nozzle entry to first screw propeller.