CN108060586B - 一种高导电性的击剑服 - Google Patents

一种高导电性的击剑服 Download PDF

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CN108060586B
CN108060586B CN201810104484.2A CN201810104484A CN108060586B CN 108060586 B CN108060586 B CN 108060586B CN 201810104484 A CN201810104484 A CN 201810104484A CN 108060586 B CN108060586 B CN 108060586B
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于美花
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种击剑服，其特征在于由导电面料制成，导电面料的表面刮涂了导电整理液。制造方法如下：制造导电超细纤维；制造导电悬浮液；制造导电功能整理液；制造导电面料；制成击剑服。本发明将导电超细纤维制成均匀颗粒悬浮液，这种超细纤维具有高导电性，然后通过入聚合物单体、四氢呋喃交联的方式形成网状交联结构，将这种导电颗粒牢固的附着在面料上，以及通过压敏粘合剂进一步增强其耐久性和耐水洗性。

Description

一种高导电性的击剑服
技术领域
本发明涉及击剑服领域，尤其是导电面料领域。
背景技术
随着击剑运动的兴起，围绕击剑服的研发和改进也得到越来越多的关注。在成套击剑服中，最外层的导电服是击剑服的重要组成部分，它需要具有良好的导电性以确保能够及时、有效且准确地判别击剑是否触碰到身体有效部位。当前，国内外生产的导电面料都是由合成纱线和金属线（以铜线为主）交织而成，其具有良好的导电性，但是这种面料不够轻便，质地较硬，柔软性不足，且金属线在使用中受潮易被氧化，生成的氧化物（如铜绿）不仅影响导电服的导电性能，而且对穿戴者的皮肤和呼吸系统也会产生很大危害。目前已知的涂覆固有导电聚合物的纺织材料存在许多缺点。理想的导电纺织品应该包含无缝结合到常规纺织品结构中的电 子成分，具有稳定的电性能，能经受正常磨损，并且经洗耐烫。目前市场上还没有涂覆导电聚合物的纺织品能满足上述的全部要求。 还可能需要在导电纺织品的生产中使用常规纺织品的染色或印刷技 术，然而这通常是不可能的，因为固有导电聚合物和部分单体前体 在水中的溶解性差。一种现有生产导电纺织品的方法涉及使固有导电聚合物在原位 聚合到实质上是非导电纺织品的基层。然而，在非导电纺织品和固有导电聚合物(包括形成聚合物的某些单体前体)之间没有明显的结合。所以，聚合物很容易从纺织品擦除或移位，或者纺织品在洗烫 时快速丧失电导率。另外，导电纺织品的聚合物组分可很容易改变 氧化态或去掺杂。而且，包含导电材料的聚合物涂层可能显著地改 变所涂覆的非导电纺织品的特性。基于类似的原因，用固化剂将导电聚合物粘附到纺织品基层的 表面同样是不利的。另一种现有生产导电纺织品的技术涉及用导电聚合物本身制备 纺织纤维，然后用这种纤维形成织物。然而，导电聚合物的性质使 得纤维相对脆弱且不能伸展，用这些纤维形成的纺织品同样存在这 些缺陷。另外，由于导电纺织品的导电聚合物组分比非导电纺织品(例 如棉、毛和尼龙)昂贵，用此方法生产的导电纺织品令人望而却步地昂贵。最近开发的另一种技术涉及将导电聚合物聚合到纺织材料的化学活化表面。这种技术要求有效地预膦羧化纺织材料(例如聚乙烯)， 以制备化学活化的纺织品，这样的纺织品将与导电聚合物键合。尽 管这种技术使得纺织品和固有导电聚合物之间产生了强键，但是膦羧化反应改变了纺织品的触感或“手感”。现有的方法还面临的问题就是除了改变掺杂浓度以外，调控导电纺织品电导率的手段有限。生产导电纺织品的现有体系面临的另一个问题涉及固有导电聚合物本身的性质。很大比例的已知固有导电聚合物不溶于溶剂，尤其是水。使导电聚合物与纺织品紧密接触由此变得非常困难。
CN102094332A公开了一种能亲水导电防辐射涤纶面料的制备方法，包括：(1)清洗涤纶面料，通过淤流法不断更换清洗液，循环添加1g/L-50g/L的苯胺和质子酸溶液处理面料；(2)经上述处理后，循环添加1g/L-50g/L的偏铝酸钠和对甲苯磺酸的溶液室温下处理面料1～2小时，清洗面料，烘干，即得。
CN102555368 A一种免烫导电面料。包括外层、中间层和内层，所述外层由阻燃涂层组成，所述的中间层面料中含有PTT记忆型长丝，与涤纶和氨纶按一定配比混纺后制得功能性面料层，所述的内层为织物面料层，该织物面料层含有镀银或镀锡紫铜导电丝。
然而，现有技术中均无法实现耐久性高导电。
发明内容
本发明就是为了解决现有技术中无法耐久耐水洗的高导电性问题而设计的技术方案。
一种击剑服，其特征在于由导电面料制成，导电面料的表面刮涂了导电整理液。
（1）制造导电超细纤维
将导电纳米颗粒与亲水性聚合物复合通过静电纺丝法制造成超细纤维，其中导电纳米颗粒为炭黑(CB)、单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)、(MWCNTs)、石墨烯(GN)、气相纳米碳纤维(VGCNFs)、硫化铜、硫化亚铜和碘化亚铜中的一种；
（2）制造导电悬浮液
将步骤（1）得到的超细纤维通过高速剪切分散得到悬浮液，所述悬浮液含有导电纳米颗粒和亲水性聚合物复合制成纤维的超细微粒；高速剪切分散的转速高于1000rmp/min，时间大于50分钟；
（3）制造导电功能整理液
将步骤（2）所述的悬浮液加入聚合物单体、四氢呋喃，构成功能性整理液，所述的聚合物单体为奎宁、甲基丙烯酸、4-羟基四苯乙烯；其中超细微粒占功能性整理液总质量的40-60％；
（4）制造导电面料
将步骤（3）所述的功能整理液涂敷到面料的背面的表面上，然后烘干制成导电面料，烘干温度为100-130℃，时间为7-9min，烘干后面料增重量为8-17g/m2；所述面料的正面包括纺织品基质，所述的纺织品基质包括选自纱线和纤维的纺织品成分，以及选自机织、针织、非织造、簇绒和粘合的结构，所述面料背面包括压敏粘合剂。
所述亲水性聚合物为：聚乳酸、壳聚糖。采用泡沫喷涂或刮涂的方式涂敷功能整理液。超细微粒直径平均为30-60nm，分散度为0.05-0.09。面料为非织聚酰亚胺，背面涂敷有压敏粘合剂。聚合物单体奎宁、甲基丙烯酸、4-羟基四苯乙烯的摩尔比为1－3：14-16：46—50。四氢呋喃添加量为功能性整理液总重量的0.3-1％。
本发明将导电超细纤维制成均匀颗粒悬浮液，这种超细纤维具有高导电性，然后通过入聚合物单体、四氢呋喃交联的方式形成网状交联结构，将这种导电颗粒牢固的附着在面料上，以及通过压敏粘合剂进一步增强其耐久性和耐水洗性。由这种面料制成的击剑服，具有良好的导电性，确保能够及时、有效且准确地判别击剑是否触碰到身体有效部位。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种导电面料，其特征在于面料表面刮涂了导电整理液。制造方法如下：
将质量比为10：90的导电纳米颗粒与聚乳酸复合通过静电纺丝法制造成超细纤维，其中导电纳米颗粒为炭黑；
将超细纤维通过高速剪切分散得到悬浮液，所述悬浮液含有导电纳米颗粒和亲水性聚合物复合制成纤维的超细微粒；高速剪切分散的转速1200rmp/min，时间60分钟；超细微粒直径平均为60nm，分散度为0.09。
将所述的悬浮液加入聚合物单体、四氢呋喃，构成功能性整理液，所述的聚合物单体为奎宁、甲基丙烯酸、4-羟基四苯乙烯；其中超细微粒占功能性整理液总质量的60％；聚合物单体奎宁、甲基丙烯酸、4-羟基四苯乙烯的摩尔比为3： 16： 50。四氢呋喃添加量为功能性整理液总重量的1％。
将所述的功能整理液涂敷到面料的背面的表面上，然后烘干制成导电面料，烘干温度为130℃，时间为9min，烘干后面料增重量为17g/m2；所述面料为涤纶机织，背面包括压敏粘合剂。
将面料制成击剑服。
实施例2
将导电纳米颗粒与亲水性聚合物壳聚糖复合通过静电纺丝法制造成超细纤维，其中导电纳米颗粒为单壁碳纳米管；
将超细纤维通过高速剪切分散得到悬浮液，所述悬浮液含有导电纳米颗粒和亲水性聚合物复合制成纤维的超细微粒；高速剪切分散的转速1500rmp/min，时间70分钟；超细微粒直径平均为60nm，分散度为0.05。
将悬浮液加入聚合物单体、四氢呋喃，构成功能性整理液，所述的聚合物单体为奎宁、甲基丙烯酸、4-羟基四苯乙烯；其中超细微粒占功能性整理液总质量的40％；聚合物单体奎宁、甲基丙烯酸、4-羟基四苯乙烯的摩尔比为1：14：46。四氢呋喃添加量为功能性整理液总重量的0.3％。
将功能整理液涂敷到面料的背面的表面上，然后烘干制成导电面料，烘干温度为100℃，时间为7min，烘干后面料增重量为8g/m2；所述面料非织聚酰亚胺，所述面料背面包括压敏粘合剂。
将面料制成击剑服。
比较例1
将聚合物单体换成乙二醇二甲基丙酸酯、甲基丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸甲酯，其余与实施例1相同。
比较例2
面料背面不涂敷压敏粘合剂，其余与实施例2相同。
比较例3
不采用导电超细微粒，采用市售导电涂料，其余与实施例1相同。
表1：测试面料的电阻率
电阻率（Ω·cm） 十次水洗后电阻率（Ω·cm） 一百次水洗后电阻率（Ω·cm）
实施例1 580 602 800
实施例2 478 516 728
比较例1 731 2238 无限大
比较例2 650 1988 无限大
比较例3 900 1100 1380
电阻率越低表明导电性能越好，本申请实施例具有良好的导电性能，即使经过了水洗之后依然能够保持较好的导电性能。

Claims (4)

1.一种击剑服的制造方法，其特征在于由导电面料制成，导电面料的表面刮涂了导电整理液，包括以下步骤：
制造导电超细纤维
将导电纳米颗粒与亲水性聚合物复合通过静电纺丝法制造成超细纤维，其中导电纳米颗粒为炭黑(CB)、单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)、(MWCNTs)、石墨烯(GN)、气相纳米碳纤维(VGCNFs)、硫化铜、硫化亚铜和碘化亚铜中的一种；
制造导电悬浮液
将步骤（1）得到的超细纤维通过高速剪切分散得到悬浮液，所述悬浮液含有导电纳米颗粒和亲水性聚合物复合制成纤维的超细微粒；高速剪切分散的转速高于1000rmp/min，时间大于50分钟；
制造导电功能整理液
将步骤（2）所述的悬浮液加入聚合物单体、四氢呋喃，构成功能性整理液，所述的聚合物单体为奎宁、甲基丙烯酸、4-羟基四苯乙烯；其中超细微粒占功能性整理液总质量的40-60％；聚合物单体奎宁、甲基丙烯酸、4-羟基四苯乙烯的摩尔比为1－3：14-16：46—50；四氢呋喃添加量为功能性整理液总重量的0.3-1％；
制造导电面料
将步骤（3）所述的功能整理液涂敷到面料的背面的表面上，然后烘干制成导电面料，烘干温度为100-130℃，时间为7-9min，烘干后面料增重量为8-17g/m2；所述面料的正面包括纺织品基质，所述的纺织品基质包括选自纱线和纤维的纺织品成分，以及选自机织、针织的结构，所述面料背面包括压敏粘合剂；
（5）制成击剑服。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述亲水性聚合物为：聚乳酸、壳聚糖。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，采用泡沫喷涂或刮涂的方式涂敷功能整理液。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：超细微粒直径平均为30-60nm，分散度为0.05-0.09。
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