CN108055905A - A kind of walking ground lower leaf fertigation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilization equipment. The invention includes a water source system, an irrigation and fertilization system, a control system, and a fertilizer mixing system; the water source system is used to provide water sources for the irrigation and fertilization system and the fertilizer mixing system; the irrigation and fertilization system is used for drilling soil and irrigation and fertilization after drilling; The fertilizer system is used for fertilizer mixing; the control system is used to control the movement of the device, the up and down movement of the hydraulic cylinder, the rotation of the rotating shaft during fertilizer mixing, the flow rate and speed of soluble fertilizer entering the fertilizer mixing tank. The invention avoids the waste of fertilizer in the process of fertilizing, and can apply different amounts of fertilizer to the root system of different depths according to the development of the root system of the crop in different growth stages, which can effectively reduce the waste of fertilizer and increase the yield of crops. Accurate fertilization can be realized. At the same time, irrigation can also be performed when the crops are short of water, the structure is simple, easy to operate, and the cost of fertilization and irrigation is saved.

Description

A walking underground layered irrigation and fertilization device

technical field

The invention relates to a walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilization equipment.

Background technique

Nowadays, most of people's irrigation and fertilization rely on manual direct spraying. Manual spraying cannot realize accurate irrigation and fertilization, resulting in a lot of waste of water and fertilizer and increasing costs. However, the root system of crops is irrigated and fertilized in layers, and water and fertilizer are directly sent to the root system to reduce the evaporation of water and volatilization of fertilizer, which can increase the utilization rate of water and fertilizer. At present, there are few patents related to walking underground layered irrigation and fertilization devices, which are generally fixed underground drip irrigation devices: a fertilizer-water integrated layered irrigation system (201510410749.8), a root layered irrigation device (200303219009.3) and a Corn fertilizer and water integrated drip irrigation device (201320707766.4), etc. One of the fertilizer-water integrated layered irrigation systems is mainly used for deficit irrigation, which is only suitable for underground irrigation of some crops. The spacing between irrigation devices is fixed, and the water output is also the same, resulting in the same amount of irrigation in places with dense and loose roots. Can not achieve efficient use of water; a root system layered irrigation device is mainly divided into upper and lower layers, which is not suitable for crops with relatively deep root systems, and is only suitable for underground irrigation of some crops: a corn fertilizer and water integrated drip irrigation device is only suitable for The planting of corn realizes the integration of water and fertilizer in the cornfield, but there are limitations to the crops, the scope of application is narrow, and it cannot be widely used. The devices and systems mentioned above are all directly buried in the soil, and drip irrigation is used to realize irrigation and fertilization, and the water output speed is slow, which is not suitable for crops that are extremely short of water. And the above-mentioned device and system do not appear to be able to realize the underground layered irrigation device of walking type, and do not appear to make different irrigation and fertilization amounts at different depths at the same time.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: the present invention provides a walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device, which is used to avoid the waste of fertilizer in the fertilization process, apply different amounts of fertilizer to the roots of different depths, and effectively reduce the amount of fertilizer. waste.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: a walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device, including a water source system, an irrigation and fertilization system, a control system, and a fertilizer mixing system;

The water source system is used to provide water source for fertigation system and fertilizer mixing system;

The fertigation system is used for soil drilling and fertigation after drilling;

The fertilizer mixing system is used for mixing fertilizer;

The control system is used to control the movement of the device, the up and down movement of the hydraulic cylinder, the rotation of the rotating shaft when composting, and the flow and speed of the soluble fertilizer entering the composting tank;

The fertigation system includes a water pump 11, a fertilization pipe 14, a drill bit 21, a hydraulic cylinder 24, a slide rail 25, and a connector 26; Connected, driven by the hydraulic cylinder 24, the joint 26 drives the fertilization pipe 14 to slide up and down in the slide rail 25, and the lower end of the fertilization pipe 14 is provided with a drill bit 21; the water and fertilizer are powered by the water pump 11 from the fertilizer mixing system to the fertilization pipe 14 Among them, the water and fertilizer are pressed into the soil by the water pump 11 for irrigation. There is a wheel respectively on the left and right sides of the front and rear ends of the base plate 2, and two drive wheel motors are respectively connected to the two wheels at the front end of the base plate 2.

The water source system includes flowmeter II, gate valve, filter II, and PVC pipe 22; the flowmeter II, gate valve and filter II are all connected through PVC pipe 22, and the end of PVC pipe 22 is in the pool or bucket, and the front end is connected with the mixer. The fertilizer tank 9 is connected; when diverting water, the gate valve is first opened, and the water enters the fertilizer tank 9 through the flow meter II and the filter II in sequence;

The fertigation system also includes a filter I10, a manometer 12, a PVC pipe 22, a frame 23, and an electro-hydraulic control valve 28;

The filter I10, the water pump 11 and the pressure gauge 12 are connected through a PVC pipe 22, the PVC pipe 22 and the fertilization pipe 14 are connected through a joint 26, the other end of the PVC pipe 22 is connected to the fertilizer mixing tank 9, and the frame 23 is fixed on the bottom plate 2, the hydraulic cylinder 24 and the electro-hydraulic control valve 28 are fixed on the frame 23, the electro-hydraulic control valve 28 is used to control the opening and closing of the hydraulic cylinder 24, and the power given by the water pump 11 comes out of the fertilizer mixing tank 9 and is filtered in sequence Device I 10, water pump 11, manometer 12 enter the fertilization pipe 14, press the water and fertilizer into the soil through the water pump 11, and the joint 26 can slide up and down with the slide rail 25 installed on the frame 23;

The rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 24 is connected to the upper part of the joint 26, the lower part of the joint 26 is threadedly connected to the upper part of the fertilization pipe 14, and the lower part of the fertilization pipe 14 is threadedly connected to the upper part of the drill bit 21, and the joint is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 24 26 drives the fertilization pipe 14 and the drill bit 21 to move up and down in the slide rail 25 to drill the soil for fertilization and irrigation. There is a hole 29 on the bottom plate 2 directly below the fertilization pipe 14 to facilitate the drill bit 21 to pass through the bottom plate 2 to drill soil for fertilization and irrigation .

The mixed fertilizer system includes a switch I4, a switch II5, an oil tank 6, a motor 7, a fertilizer storage tank 8, a fertilizer mixed tank 9, a liquid level sensor 13, a negative pressure device 16, a solenoid valve, a flow meter I18, a stirring blade 19, a rotating The shaft 20; the fertilizer mixing box 9 and the fertilizer storage box 8 are fixed on the bottom plate 2, the rotating shaft 20 and the stirring blade 19 are inside the mixing fertilizer box 9, the stirring blade 19 is installed on the rotating shaft 20, and one end of the rotating shaft 20 is connected to the motor 7 Above, the fertilizer mixing tank 9 is connected to the fertilizer storage tank 8, the negative pressure device 16, the solenoid valve, and the flow meter I18 are set on the pipe connecting the fertilizer mixing tank 9 and the fertilizer storage tank 8, and the liquid level sensor 13 is installed in the fertilizer mixing tank 9 Inside, the switch I4 is used to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve and the negative pressure device 16 so as to realize the inhalation of the soluble fertilizer in the fertilizer storage tank 8 into the fertilizer mixing tank 9; the switch II5 is used to control the opening and closing of the motor 7 to drive the rotating shaft 20 to rotate Mix fertilizer.

The control system includes a power supply module, a left wheel motor drive module, a right wheel motor drive module, a hydraulic cylinder motor drive module, a fertilizer mixing motor drive module, a solenoid valve drive module, and a display screen; the power supply module is used to provide power for the entire system, The left wheel motor drive module and the right wheel motor drive module are used to control the movement of the device, the hydraulic cylinder motor drive module is used to drive the hydraulic cylinder to move up and down, the fertilizer mixing motor drive module is used to control the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the solenoid valve drive module is used The display screen is connected with the liquid level sensor 13 for controlling the flow rate and speed of the soluble fertilizer entering the mixed fertilizer tank.

Described fertilization pipe 14 comprises plastic pipe 15, stainless steel pipe 17, fertilization position 30; There is stainless steel pipe 17 outside fertilization pipe 14, is provided with fertilization position 30 at intervals on it, and fertilization position 30 forms arc, above the arc. A number of blind holes are set, and a layer of plastic pipe 15 is inlaid in the stainless steel pipe 17. There are also some blind holes arranged in the place where the plastic pipe 15 contacts the stainless steel pipe 17 in an arc shape. The diameter of the hole is smaller than that of the stainless steel pipe 17. The blind holes of different depths on 14 are different in size, the two ends are small, and the middle is large.

The underside of the drill bit 21 is beveled to form a point for easy insertion into the soil.

The liquid level sensor is installed in the fertilizer mixing tank to detect the height of the fertilizer solution in the fertilizer mixing tank and the amount of fertilizer applied each time, and displays the detected liquid level information and fertilizer amount on the display screen.

Wherein the fertilization pipe 14 includes a plastic pipe 15 , a stainless steel pipe 17 , and a fertilization part 30 . The fertilization pipe 14 can be replaced with fertilization pipes of different specifications. When the crops are different or the crops are in different developmental stages, the depth of fertilization needs to be different. At this time, different fertilization pipes can be selected, including primary pipes, secondary pipes, and tertiary pipes , four-level pipe, if necessary, can also be set longer. In the setting of the fertilization pipe, there is a layer of 10mm stainless steel pipe 17 outside it, and a fertilization site is set every 10cm, and an arc is set at the fertilization site, as shown in Figure 2. A lot of blind holes are arranged on this arc, and a layer of 5mm plastic pipe 15 is embedded in the stainless steel pipe. There are also many blind holes arranged in the arc contact with the stainless steel pipe 17, but the diameter of the hole is smaller than that of the stainless steel pipe 17. Small, the purpose of this setting is to prevent clogging. In the size setting of the hole, the two ends are small and the middle is large. By controlling the size of the hole, the amount of irrigation and fertilization at different depths can be realized. The end of the fertilization pipe is connected with a drill bit 21, and the front end is connected with the PVC pipe 22 through a joint 26, which is conducive to disassembly, washing and reuse of the fertilization pipe.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The device can walk freely, and the direction is controlled by the left and right driving wheels;

2. The device is equipped with layered irrigation and fertilization, which can perform irrigation and fertilization at different depths according to different crops and different periods of crops. When irrigation and fertilization, the size of the holes on the upper and lower fertilization parts of the fertilization pipe is different, the middle is large, and the two ends are small. That is, the fertilization and irrigation of the root system in the middle part is more, and the amount of fertilization at the two ends is less, so as to achieve the effect of saving water and fertilizer;

3. The underground fertilization pipe of this device can effectively prevent blockage. In the fertilization part, the blind hole on the stainless steel is large, and the blind hole on the plastic pipe is small, which greatly reduces the blockage of the hole. The holes that were left unclogged.

4. The fertilizer mixing device of this device is automatic, powered by a motor, which drives the rotating shaft and the rotating blades to rotate, improving the efficiency of dissolving the water-soluble fertilizer in the water, so that it can be fully dissolved in the water.

5. The device is easy to operate and easy to manage. While saving water and fertilizer, it can also save manpower and reduce costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fertilization pipe of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the irrigation and fertigation system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizer mixing box of the present invention.

Each label in Figure 1-4: 1-wheel, 2-bottom plate, 3-handle, 4-switch Ⅰ, 5-switch Ⅱ, 6-oil tank, 7-motor, 8-fertilizer storage box, 9-mixed fertilizer box, 10-filter Ⅰ, 11-water pump, 12-pressure gauge, 13-liquid level sensor, 14-fertilization pipe, 15-plastic pipe, 16-negative pressure device, 17-stainless steel pipe, 18-flow meter Ⅰ, 19 -stirring blade, 20-rotating shaft, 21-drill, 22-PVC pipe, 23-frame, 24-hydraulic cylinder, 25-slide rail, 26-joint, 27-speed controller, 28-electro-hydraulic control valve, 29-hole, 30-fertilization site.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figure 1-4, a kind of walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device includes a water source system, an irrigation and fertilization system, a control system, and a fertilizer mixing system;

The water source system is used to provide water source for fertigation system and fertilizer mixing system;

The fertigation system is used for soil drilling and fertigation after drilling;

The fertilizer mixing system is used for mixing fertilizer;

The control system is used to control the movement of the device, the up and down movement of the hydraulic cylinder, the rotation of the rotating shaft when composting, and the flow and speed of the soluble fertilizer entering the composting tank;

The fertigation system includes a water pump 11, a fertilization pipe 14, a drill bit 21, a hydraulic cylinder 24, a slide rail 25, and a connector 26; Connected, driven by the hydraulic cylinder 24, the joint 26 drives the fertilization pipe 14 to slide up and down in the slide rail 25, and the lower end of the fertilization pipe 14 is provided with a drill bit 21; the water and fertilizer are powered by the water pump 11 from the fertilizer mixing system to the fertilization pipe 14 Among them, the water and fertilizer are pressed into the soil by the water pump 11 for irrigation. There is a wheel respectively on the left and right sides of the front and rear ends of the base plate 2, and two drive wheel motors are respectively connected to the two wheels at the front end of the base plate 2.

Further, the water source system includes a flow meter II, a gate valve, a filter II, and a PVC pipe 22; the flow meter II, the gate valve, and the filter II are all connected through a PVC pipe 22, and the end of the PVC pipe 22 is in a pool or a bucket. The front end is connected with the fertilizer mixing box 9; when diverting water, the gate valve is first opened, and the water enters the fertilizer mixing box 9 through the flow meter II and the filter II in turn.

Further, the fertigation system also includes a filter I10, a pressure gauge 12, a PVC pipe 22, a frame 23, and an electro-hydraulic control valve 28;

The filter I10, the water pump 11 and the pressure gauge 12 are connected through a PVC pipe 22, the PVC pipe 22 and the fertilization pipe 14 are connected through a joint 26, the other end of the PVC pipe 22 is connected to the fertilizer mixing tank 9, and the frame 23 is fixed on the bottom plate 2, the hydraulic cylinder 24 and the electro-hydraulic control valve 28 are fixed on the frame 23, the electro-hydraulic control valve 28 is used to control the opening and closing of the hydraulic cylinder 24, and the power given by the water pump 11 comes out of the fertilizer mixing tank 9 and is filtered in sequence Device I 10, water pump 11, manometer 12 enter the fertilization pipe 14, press the water and fertilizer into the soil through the water pump 11, and the joint 26 can slide up and down with the slide rail 25 installed on the frame 23;

The rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 24 is connected to the upper part of the joint 26, the lower part of the joint 26 is threadedly connected to the upper part of the fertilization pipe 14, and the lower part of the fertilization pipe 14 is threadedly connected to the upper part of the drill bit 21, and the joint is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 24 26 drives the fertilization pipe 14 and the drill bit 21 to move up and down in the slide rail 25 to drill the soil for fertilization and irrigation. There is a hole 29 on the bottom plate 2 directly below the fertilization pipe 14 to facilitate the drill bit 21 to pass through the bottom plate 2 to drill soil for fertilization and irrigation .

Further, the fertilizer mixing system includes a switch I4, a switch II5, an oil tank 6, a motor 7, a fertilizer storage tank 8, a fertilizer mixing tank 9, a liquid level sensor 13, a negative pressure device 16, a solenoid valve, a flow meter I18, and a stirring blade 19. The rotating shaft 20; the mixed fertilizer box 9 and the fertilizer storage box 8 are fixed on the bottom plate 2, the rotating shaft 20 and the stirring blade 19 are inside the mixing fertilizer box 9, the stirring blade 19 is installed on the rotating shaft 20, and one end of the rotating shaft 20 is connected On the motor 7, the fertilizer mixing tank 9 is connected to the fertilizer storage tank 8, the negative pressure device 16, the solenoid valve, and the flow meter I18 are arranged on the pipe connecting the fertilizer mixing tank 9 and the fertilizer storage tank 8, and the liquid level sensor 13 is installed on the mixer. The fertilizer box 9 is used to detect the height of the fertilizer liquid in the mixed fertilizer box and the amount of fertilizer applied each time, and display the detected liquid level information and fertilizer amount on the display screen. The switch I4 is used to control the solenoid valve, The opening and closing of the negative pressure device 16 realizes the inhalation of the soluble fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box 8 into the fertilizer mixing box 9; Provide a source of power.

Further, the control system includes a power supply module, a left wheel motor drive module, a right wheel motor drive module, a hydraulic cylinder motor drive module, a fertilizer mixing motor drive module, a solenoid valve drive module, and a display screen; Provide power supply, the left wheel motor drive module and the right wheel motor drive module are used to control the movement of the device, the hydraulic cylinder motor drive module is used to drive the hydraulic cylinder to move up and down (specifically, to drive the electro-hydraulic control valve 28 first), the fertilizer mixing motor The drive module is used to control the rotation of the rotating shaft (specifically, to drive the motor 7 first), and the solenoid valve drive module is used to control the flow and speed of the soluble fertilizer entering the fertilizer mixing tank (that is, by controlling the connection between the fertilizer mixing tank 9 and the fertilizer storage tank 8 The solenoid valve on the pipe, the negative pressure device 16 to realize), the display screen is connected with the liquid level sensor 13, and the speed controller 27 can be used to adjust the speed of the wheel 1.

Further, the fertilization pipe 14 includes a plastic pipe 15, a stainless steel pipe 17, and a fertilization part 30; there are stainless steel pipes 17 outside the fertilization pipe 14, on which fertilization parts 30 are arranged at intervals, and the fertilization parts 30 are arc-shaped, Some blind holes are arranged on the arc, and a layer of plastic pipe 15 is inlaid on the stainless steel pipe 17, and some blind holes are also arranged at the place where the plastic pipe 15 contacts the stainless steel pipe 17 in an arc shape, and the diameter of the hole is smaller than that on the stainless steel pipe 17. , The blind holes of different depths on the fertilization pipe 14 have different sizes, the two ends are small, and the middle is large.

Further, the bottom of the drill bit 21 is sloped to form a sharp point for easy insertion into the soil.

Further, the fertilization pipe uses different pipes according to different crops and different development stages of crops. Due to different crops and crops in different growth periods, their root systems are at different depths, and the depth of fertilization is also different at this time. Too shallow is not conducive to the growth of crops, and too deep is a waste of fertilizer. Fertilization pipe 14 comprises 1 grade of pipes, 2 grades of pipes, 3 grades of pipes, 4 grades of pipes, if necessary can also be set longer, and it is made up of drill bit, stainless steel pipe, plastic pipe. The grade 1 pipe has only one fertilization site, which is suitable for irrigation and fertilization up to 10cm underground; the grade 2 pipe has two fertilization locations, which is suitable for irrigation and fertilization up to 20cm underground; the grade 3 pipe has three fertilization locations, suitable for irrigation up to 30cm underground Fertilization, and so on 4th grade pipe etc. In the setting of the fertilization pipe, there is a layer of 10mm stainless steel outside it, and an arc is set at the fertilization place, as shown in Figure 2. There are many blind holes arranged on this arc, and there is a layer of 5mm plastic pipe inside the stainless steel. There are also many blind holes arranged in the place where the stainless steel arc contacts, but the diameter of the blind holes is smaller than that of stainless steel. The purpose of this setting Just to prevent clogging, in the size setting of the hole, the two ends are small, and the middle is large. By controlling the size of the hole, the amount of fertilization at different depths can be realized. The end of the fertilization pipe is connected with a drill bit 21, and the front end is connected with an irrigation and fertilization device, which is conducive to the removal and washing of the fertilization pipe for reuse next time. When in use, the fertilizer solution comes out from the fertilizer mixing tank 9 and passes through the filter 110, the water pump 11, the manometer 12, the fertilization pipe 14, and uses the pressure given by the water pump 11 to press the fertilizer into the soil.

Working process of the present invention is:

The invention can perform layered irrigation and fertilization according to the root system development of crops in different periods. In the arrangement of the fertilization pipe, the fertilization holes at both ends are small, and the fertilization hole in the middle is large, which solves the problem of the same amount of irrigation and fertilizer in each fertilization hole, and promotes the growth and development of crops while saving water and fertilizer. A liquid level sensor is installed in the fertilizer mixing box, which can detect the height of the fertilizer in the mixing fertilizer box and the amount of each fertilization and irrigation, so as to realize precise irrigation and fertilization. The system also realizes the integration of water and fertilizer, and can irrigate or fertilize according to the needs of crops;

During use, the hydraulic cylinder 24 is first controlled by the electro-hydraulic control valve 28 to give the joint 26, the fertilization pipe 14 and the drill bit 21 a power to move down in the slide rail 25 and enter the soil through the hole 29 to drill the soil, and then through the handle 3. The switch I4 controls the soluble fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box 8 to enter the mixed fertilizer box 9, and there is a flow meter I18 indirectly between the fertilizer storage box 8 and the mixed fertilizer box 9 to observe the amount of soluble fertilizer. After the soluble fertilizer enters the fertilizer mixing tank 9, the required amount of water is obtained, and then the gate valve is opened to take water from the water source and enter the fertilizer mixing tank 9. In order to ensure the quality of the water, a filter II is required to filter some unnecessary impurities, which will affect fertilization quality, and add a flow meter II to observe the water volume. When the water and soluble fertilizer enter the fertilizer mixing tank 9, the rotation of the rotating shaft 20 and the stirring blade 19 is controlled by the switch II5 on the handle 3, so that the soluble fertilizer is fully dissolved in the water and the quality of fertilization is improved. The rotating shaft 20 is connected to the motor 7 , can be stirred mechanically, saving manpower. Then the fertilizer liquid is sucked out from the fertilizer mixing tank 9 by the power given by the water pump, passes through the filter I10, the water pump 11, the manometer 12 and then to the fertilization pipe 14, and the fertilizer is pressed into the soil by the pressure given by the water pump 11, in order to prevent Because the pressure is too large, the PVC pipe 22 is broken, and a manometer 12 is installed to detect the pressure to avoid excessive pressure. During fertilization, the liquid level sensor 13 can detect the height of the fertilizer solution in the fertilizer mixing tank and the amount of fertilizer applied each time, and the detected liquid level information and the amount of fertilizer applied will be displayed on the display screen. When the fertilization is finished, the electro-hydraulic control valve 28 controls the hydraulic cylinder 24 to give the joint 26, the fertilization pipe 14 and the drill bit 21 a power to move upwards in the slide rail 25 to pull the fertilization pipe out of the soil.

Embodiment 2, as shown in Figures 1-4, a walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device, this embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1, wherein, when in use:

First, the electro-hydraulic control valve 28 controls the hydraulic cylinder 24 to give the joint 26, the fertilization pipe 14 and the drill bit 21 a power to move down in the slide rail 25 and enter the soil through the hole 29 to drill the soil, and then open the gate valve, from the water source The water is taken into the fertilizer mixing tank 9. In order to ensure the quality of the water, a filter II needs to be added to filter some unnecessary impurities, which will affect the quality of irrigation, and a flow meter II is added to observe the water volume. Then, the power given by the water pump is used to suck the water out of the fertilizer mixing tank 9, pass through the filter I10, the water pump 11, the manometer 12, the irrigation and fertilization device, and then to the fertilization pipe 14, and use the pressure given by the water pump 11 to press the water into the soil . During irrigation, the liquid level sensor 13 detects the height of the water in the fertilizer mixing tank and the amount of fertilizer applied each time, and displays the detected liquid level information and irrigation amount on the display screen. Give joint 26, fertilization pipe 14 and drill bit 21 a power by switch control hydraulic oil cylinder again when irrigation is finished, move up in described slide rail 25 and fertilization pipe is pulled out from soil.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and can also be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art. Variations.

Claims (7)

1. A walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device, characterized in that: it comprises a water source system, an irrigation and fertilization system, a control system, and a fertilizer mixing system; The water source system is used to provide water source for fertigation system and fertilizer mixing system; The fertigation system is used for soil drilling and fertigation after drilling; The fertilizer mixing system is used for mixing fertilizer; The control system is used to control the movement of the device, the up and down movement of the hydraulic cylinder, the rotation of the rotating shaft when composting, and the flow and speed of the soluble fertilizer entering the composting tank; The fertigation system includes a water pump (11), a fertilization pipe (14), a drill bit (21), a hydraulic cylinder (24), a slide rail (25), and a joint (26); the fertilizer mixing system and the fertilization pipe of the fertigation system ( 14) connected, the fertilization pipe (14) is connected with the slide rail (25) through the joint (26), driven by the hydraulic cylinder (24), the joint (26) drives the fertilization pipe (14) up and down in the slide rail (25) Sliding, the lower end of the fertilization pipe (14) is equipped with a drill bit (21); the water and fertilizer are driven by the water pump (11) from the fertilizer mixing system to the fertilization pipe (14), and the water and fertilizer are pressed into the soil by the water pump (11). Irrigation: There is a wheel on the left and right sides of the front and rear ends of the bottom plate (2), and two drive wheel motors are respectively connected to the two wheels at the front end of the bottom plate (2). 2. The walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water source system includes a flow meter II, a gate valve, a filter II, and a PVC pipe (22); the flow meter II, the gate valve, and the filter II are all connected through a PVC pipe (22), and the end of the PVC pipe (22) is in a pool or Inside the bucket, the front end is connected to the compost tank (9); when diverting water, the gate valve is first opened, and the water enters the compost tank (9) through flow meter II and filter II in sequence. 3. The walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the irrigation and fertigation system also includes a filter I (10), a manometer (12), a PVC pipe (22), a machine frame (23), electro-hydraulic control valve (28); The filter I (10), the water pump (11) and the manometer (12) are connected through a PVC pipe (22), the PVC pipe (22) and the fertilization pipe (14) are connected through a joint (26), and the PVC pipe (22) The other end is connected to the fertilizer tank (9), the frame (23) is fixed on the bottom plate (2), the hydraulic cylinder (24) and the electro-hydraulic control valve (28) are fixed on the frame (23), and the electro-hydraulic control valve (28) is fixed on the frame (23). The control valve (28) is used to control the opening and closing of the hydraulic cylinder (24). The water and fertilizer are powered by the water pump (11) from the fertilizer mixing tank (9) and pass through the filter I (10), water pump (11), pressure measuring The gauge (12) goes into the fertilization pipe (14), and the water and fertilizer are pressed into the soil by the water pump (11), and the joint (26) can slide up and down with the slide rail (25) installed on the frame (23); The rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (24) is connected to the upper part of the joint (26), the lower part of the joint (26) is threadedly connected to the upper part of the fertilization pipe (14), and the lower part of the fertilization pipe (14) is connected to the drill bit (21) The upper threaded connection of the hydraulic cylinder (24) drives the joint (26) to drive the fertilization pipe (14) and the drill bit (21) to move up and down in the slide rail (25) to perform soil drilling work for fertilization and irrigation. The fertilization pipe ( 14) There is a hole (29) on the base plate (2) directly below to facilitate the drill bit (21) to pass through the base plate (2) to drill soil for fertilization and irrigation. 4. The walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mixed fertilizer system includes switch I (4), switch II (5), oil tank (6), motor (7), Fertilizer storage tank (8), mixed fertilizer tank (9), liquid level sensor (13), negative pressure device (16), solenoid valve, flow meter I (18), stirring blade (19), rotating shaft (20); The fertilizer mixing box (9) and the fertilizer storage box (8) are fixed on the bottom plate (2), the rotating shaft (20) and the stirring blade (19) are inside the mixing fertilizer box (9), and the stirring blade (19) is installed on the rotating shaft (20), one end of the rotating shaft (20) is connected to the motor (7), the fertilizer mixing tank (9) is connected to the fertilizer storage tank (8), the negative pressure device (16), the solenoid valve, and the flow meter I (18) Set on the pipe connecting the fertilizer mixing tank (9) and the fertilizer storage tank (8), the liquid level sensor (13) is installed in the fertilizer mixing tank (9), and the switch I (4) is used to control the solenoid valve and the negative pressure device The opening and closing of (16) realizes the inhalation of the soluble fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box (8) into the fertilizer mixing box (9); the switch II (5) is used to control the opening and closing of the motor (7) so as to drive the rotating shaft (20) to rotate Mix fertilizer. 5. The walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the control system includes a power supply module, a left wheel motor drive module, a right wheel motor drive module, a hydraulic cylinder motor drive module, a mixed fertilizer Motor drive module, solenoid valve drive module, display screen; the power supply module is used to provide power for the entire system, the left wheel motor drive module and the right wheel motor drive module are used to control the movement of the device, and the hydraulic cylinder motor drive module is used to drive the hydraulic cylinder The fertilizer mixing motor drive module is used to control the rotation of the rotating shaft, the solenoid valve drive module is used to control the flow and speed of the soluble fertilizer entering the fertilizer mixing tank, and the display screen is connected to the liquid level sensor (13). 6. The walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the fertilization pipe (14) includes a plastic pipe (15), a stainless steel pipe (17), and a fertilization site (30); There are stainless steel pipes (17) on the outside of the fertilization pipe (14), on which fertilization positions (30) are arranged at intervals, and the fertilization positions (30) are arc-shaped, and some blind holes are arranged on the arc, and the stainless steel pipes (17) ) is inlaid with a layer of plastic pipe (15), and there are also some blind holes arranged in the place where the plastic pipe (15) contacts with the stainless steel pipe (17) in an arc shape. The diameter of the hole is smaller than that on the stainless steel pipe (17). (14) Blind holes with different depths are different in size, small at both ends and large in the middle. 7. The walking type underground layered irrigation and fertilization device according to claim 2 or 7, characterized in that: the bottom of the drill bit (21) is sloped to form a tip, which is convenient for insertion into the soil.