CN108025106A - 热喷涂的陶瓷层 - Google Patents

热喷涂的陶瓷层 Download PDF

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CN108025106A
CN108025106A CN201680056700.XA CN201680056700A CN108025106A CN 108025106 A CN108025106 A CN 108025106A CN 201680056700 A CN201680056700 A CN 201680056700A CN 108025106 A CN108025106 A CN 108025106A
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ceramic layer
component
rotating fields
ceramic
cement
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H.维克
A.伦普
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Ceramtec GmbH
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Abstract

本发明的主题是热喷涂的陶瓷层及其制造方法。

Description

热喷涂的陶瓷层
本发明涉及热喷涂的陶瓷层及其制造方法。所述陶瓷层优选用于医疗技术产品，特别是假体和植入物的功能化。
医疗技术组件上的涂层，特别是假体和植入物上的涂层是长久已知的。通常，假体和植入物上的这种涂层由金属（例如钛）和陶瓷（例如氧化钛，磷酸三钙）或选自生物玻璃的材料组成。所述医疗技术组件在此是涂有水泥的（zementiert）和包括另外的骨水泥（其为了确保与骨结构的结合），或者是不含水泥的（zementfrei），以便通过骨生长（骨引导（Osseokonduktivitaet））实现结合。然而，使用金属通常不是没有问题的，而是可能导致涂层不会在组件表面上保持粘合，从而导致层的层离。此外，伴随使用金属涂层的过敏和感染风险更高。此外，总是反复出现的问题是，在医疗技术组件上的已知层的情况下只能很难实现分层级的结构（例如从多孔到致密的变化），或者适用于特定的应用领域的层结构只有在较大消耗的情况下才能够产生。
本发明的目的因此在于提供不具有上述问题的涂层，其中尤其应当实现改善的层粘附性（以避免层离）和改善的生物相容性。此外，所述涂层应当适用于涂有水泥和不含水泥的组件，并且在不含水泥的组件的情况下促进骨生长（骨引导）或者在涂有水泥的组件的情况下改善所使用的水泥与陶瓷层的化学结合。
本发明还应当实现特定的所需层结构和甚至分层级的层结构，由此可以针对不同的应用领域实现定制的层特性，并且也可以制造患者特定的假体或植入物。
本发明的基本目的根据权利要求1通过提供在组件上的陶瓷层而实现，其中将陶瓷层通过热喷涂方法施加到组件的表面上。喷涂上涂层在此特别用于组件表面的粗糙化和有针对性的结构化。优选的实施方案描述在从属权利要求中。
在优选医疗技术产品的组件上进行涂覆。特别优选地，所述组件是假体或植入物。关于假体，优选内置假体，其中这些可以是涂有水泥或不含水泥的。所述植入物特别可以是关节面-植入物，其用于部分修复人体中的关节面。所述关节面可以是例如肩部，臀部，膝盖部位，肘部以及整个手部（特别是手指）和脚部的表面。
根据本发明的组件也可以用于脊柱部位中的全盘替换。同样地，根据本发明的组件可以用在创伤疗法中的融合（硬化）区域中或用于脊柱。
所述组件在此可以是金属组件或陶瓷组件。因此也可以是相同类型的涂层，即组件和涂层的陶瓷材料是相同类型的。其优点是，由于相同的热物理特性，可以实现较低的层离故障概率。
所述涂层借助热喷涂的方法（例如在大气或真空中基于等离子体的方法）产生，其中真空中的沉积部分地从气相发生，特别是对于分层级和/或柱状的结构，并且压力为< 50毫巴，特别是在涂覆不含水泥的植入物的情况下。
所述层材料是陶瓷材料，陶瓷层的材料优选是纯氧化物陶瓷或混合氧化物陶瓷，特别优选选自Al2O3，ZrO2，SiO2，生物玻璃，磷酸钙（例如TCP和羟基磷灰石），所述材料的混合物，它们的起始物质以及包含另外的助剂（如已知的稀土物质类型的稳定剂，例如ZrO2）的所述材料的混合物。
喷涂上的陶瓷层的层结构可以是均匀致密的或分层级的（从一个层结构到另一个层结构的变化），即例如包括从多孔到致密结构的变化。所述多孔结构特别包括具有高开孔率的结构，例如由于具有相应的典型形态和形貌的柱状层结构。所述多孔结构特别优选在不含水泥的假体和植入物中是所希望的。
所述陶瓷层另外具有特定的表面粗糙度，特别是在涂有水泥的假体和植入物的情况下。特别优选的粗糙度Ra为>> 0.03 µm。增加的表面积改善了在骨中和/或在骨水泥中的互锁，从而提供改善的结合。

Claims (10)

1.组件上的陶瓷层，其特征在于，将所述陶瓷层借助热喷涂方法施加到组件的表面上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷层，其特征在于，所述组件是医疗技术产品，特别优选假体或植入物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的陶瓷层，其特征在于，所述组件是涂有水泥或不含水泥的内置假体。
4.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的陶瓷层，其特征在于，所述组件是金属组件或陶瓷组件。
5.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的陶瓷层，其特征在于，所述陶瓷层借助真空等离子体喷涂产生，优选在< 50 mbar的压力下。
6.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的陶瓷层，其特征在于，所述层材料是陶瓷材料，优选纯氧化物陶瓷或混合氧化物陶瓷，特别优选选自Al2O3，ZrO2，SiO2，生物玻璃，磷酸钙（例如TCP和羟基磷灰石）以及所述材料的混合物和它们的起始物质的陶瓷。
7.根据前述权利要求任一项所述的陶瓷层，其特征在于，所述陶瓷层的层结构是均匀致密的、多孔的或分层级的（从一个层结构到另一个层结构的变化）。
8.根据权利要求7所述的陶瓷层，其特征在于，所述多孔结构包括柱状层结构。
9.根据权利要求7所述的陶瓷层，其特征在于，所述致密结构具有特定的表面粗糙度，优选粗糙度Ra为>> 0.03 µm。
10.用于制造根据前述权利要求任一项所述的陶瓷层的方法，其特征在于，所述陶瓷层借助热喷涂的方法（例如在大气或真空中基于等离子体的方法）而产生。
CN201680056700.XA 2015-09-29 2016-09-27 热喷涂的陶瓷层 Pending CN108025106A (zh)

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