CN108020505B - Zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device and method - Google Patents

Zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device and method Download PDF

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CN108020505B
CN108020505B CN201711240871.0A CN201711240871A CN108020505B CN 108020505 B CN108020505 B CN 108020505B CN 201711240871 A CN201711240871 A CN 201711240871A CN 108020505 B CN108020505 B CN 108020505B
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刘辰光
刘俭
赵一轩
陈刚
王宇航
谭久彬
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Beijing Ruichi Hengye Instrument Technology Co ltd
Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

A zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device and a method belong to the technical field of optical microscopic imaging and optical control. The invention has the technical characteristics that: the device comprises: the confocal scanning device comprises a confocal illumination module, a confocal axial focusing module, a confocal scanning module, a confocal detection module and an optical tweezers focusing module. The invention adds an axial focusing device consisting of a polarization beam splitter, a quarter-wave plate, a low-aperture objective lens, a tube lens and a plane reflector in a conventional optical tweezers microscope system to realize the axial movement of a common focusing focal plane in a common-path optical tweezers confocal microscope, thereby grabbing a suspended sample to realize the axial movement and finishing confocal three-dimensional tomography. The invention has the advantages of simple adjustment, high zooming and axial chromatography speed and low observation cost.

Description

Zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microscopic imaging device and a method, in particular to a zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device and a method, which can realize the separation focusing of a common optical path optical tweezers microscopic system and complete three-dimensional confocal scanning imaging, and belong to the technical field of optical microscopic imaging and optical control.
Background
In a conventional objective lens type optical tweezers microscope, an optical tweezers device and an imaging device are usually positioned at two sides of a sample, so that independent focusing is convenient to perform, however, in some microscopic observation applications requiring introduction of other environmental variables (for example, a radiation device is added at one side of the sample for researching a response mechanism of living cells to radiation), the optical tweezers and the imaging device are required to be positioned at the same side of the sample, and at this time, because the optical tweezers and a three-dimensional microscopic imaging device share the same objective lens, focal planes of the optical tweezers and the three-dimensional microscopic imaging device are difficult to separate, and three-dimensional scanning imaging cannot. The focusing position of the optical tweezers can be changed by adding a zoom lens or a DMD (digital micromirror device) into the optical tweezers system, so that the problems are solved, however, the modulation speed is slow or the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to determine the key or critical elements of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.
In view of the above, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides a zoom confocal optical tweezers micro-imaging apparatus and method, which not only can improve the zooming and axial tomography speeds, but also can reduce the observation cost.
The first scheme is as follows: the invention provides a zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device, which comprises a confocal illumination module, a confocal axial focusing module, a confocal scanning module, a confocal detection module and an optical tweezers focusing module, wherein the confocal illumination module comprises a first lens, a second lens and a third lens, the first lens and the third lens are respectively arranged at the two sides of the first lens, the second lens are respectively arranged at the two sides of the first lens:
the confocal illumination module sequentially comprises the following components in the direction of illumination light propagation: the device comprises a first laser, a first conducting optical fiber, a first collimating mirror and a polarization beam splitter;
the confocal axial focusing module sequentially comprises the following components in the light propagation direction: the device comprises a polarization beam splitter, a quarter-wave plate, a first objective lens, a plane reflecting mirror and a first dichroic mirror;
the confocal scanning module is sequentially as follows according to the light propagation direction: the scanning galvanometer, the scanning lens, the tube lens I, the dichroic mirror II and the objective lens II are arranged in the scanning galvanometer;
the confocal detection module is as follows according to light propagation direction in proper order: the device comprises an objective lens II, a dichroic mirror II, a tube mirror I, a scanning lens, a scanning galvanometer, a dichroic mirror I, a light filter, a collection objective lens, a servo pinhole and a PMT; the needle hole in the confocal detection module moves along with the plane reflector by using the annular piezoelectric driver so as to ensure that the fluorescence emitted by the sample is always focused on the center of the needle hole;
the optical tweezers focusing module sequentially comprises the following components in the light propagation direction: the device comprises a laser II, a conducting optical fiber II, a collimating mirror II, a tube mirror III, a tube mirror II, a dichroic mirror II and an objective lens II;
the confocal illumination module and the confocal axial focusing module share a polarization spectroscope;
the confocal scanning module and the optical tweezers focusing module share a dichroic mirror II and an objective lens II;
the confocal scanning module and the confocal detection module also share a dichroic mirror I;
and a sample to be measured is arranged below the second objective lens.
Further: the sample to be detected is a spherical sample to be detected, wherein the maximum diameter of the spherical sample to be detected is micron-sized or nano-sized single cells, cell groups or particles and the like which are suspended in a culture dish.
Further: the optical tweezers focusing module emits monochromatic laser wavelength between 750nm and 900nm, the confocal illumination module emits monochromatic laser wavelength between 350nm and 700nm, the monochromatic laser wavelength passes through the dichroic mirror II to form a light path, and the common objective lens II clamps and observes a sample to be measured.
Further: the polarization direction of the reflected light of the polarization spectroscope is the same as that of the emergent light of the collimating mirror.
Further: the axial maximum moving range of the plane mirror is equal to the focal depth of the first objective lens.
Scheme II: the invention provides a zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging method, which is realized based on a zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device in a scheme I, and comprises the following specific steps:
step a, emitting exciting light by a laser, forming parallel light after passing through a first conducting optical fiber and a first collimating mirror-polarizing beam splitter, emitting the parallel light to a plane reflector through a quarter-wave plate and a first objective lens to generate reflected laser, and forming a focusing light spot on a measured sample after being transmitted by a first dichroic mirror, a scanning vibration mirror, a scanning lens, a first tube mirror, a second dichroic mirror and a second objective lens, wherein the focusing light spot excites the sample to emit fluorescence;
b, the second laser emits laser, parallel light is generated through the second conducting optical fiber and the second collimating lens, and a focusing light spot is formed through the third tube lens, the second dichroic mirror and the second objective lens to clamp a sample to be measured;
c, setting the plane mirror at the initial position ②, focusing the confocal illumination light at the initial position ② ', driving the pinhole to move to the position ②' by the annular piezoelectric driving device, and setting the axial scanning range D of the plane mirror1+D2The axial scanning range of the corresponding confocal illumination light spot is D1’+D2', the pinhole follow-up axial scanning range is D1”+D2"; the relation between the position of the plane reflector and the position of the co-focusing illumination light spot is D1/D1’=D2/D2’=(M1M2)2The position relation of the servo pinhole and the confocal illumination light spot is D1”/D1’=D2”/D2’=(M3M2)2(ii) a Said D1Is the far focus distance, D, of the plane mirror1' is the confocal illumination spot near-focus distance, D1"is the distance of the far focus of the servo pinhole, D2Is the near focal distance of the plane mirror, D2' is the distance of the focal plane from the focal point, D2"is the servo pinhole near-focus distance; the M is1Is the ratio of the focal lengths of the first objective lens and the scanning lens, M2Is the focal length ratio of the first tube lens to the second objective lens, M3The ratio of the focal lengths of the objective lens and the scanning lens is collected;
d, setting the number of scanning layers to be N and the scanning step of the plane mirror to be (D)1+D2) N, confocal illumination spot scanning step is (D)1’+D2')/N, with a follow-up pinhole scan step of (D)1”+D2")/N, to achieve a fast three-dimensional tomographic scan.
Has the advantages that:
the axial position of a focusing light spot in a traditional optical tweezers system cannot be changed, the axial movement of a clamped body-free optical tweezers is generally realized by means of integral axial movement, the return path difference of an axial mechanical device can be generated due to the self weight of the system, and the optical tweezers and the confocal optical tweezers respectively use respective objective lenses to cause the occurrence of aberration. The optical tweezers and the confocal optical path are combined, the objective lens is shared, the light spots of the optical tweezers can axially move only through the axial movement of the plane reflector, the requirement on a mechanical device is reduced, and aberration cannot be generated. The invention has simple adjustment, can improve the zooming and axial chromatography speed, and can reduce the observation cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a zoom confocal optical tweezers micro-imaging device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging method according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 quarter wave plates, 6, 7 plane reflectors, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 samples, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 laser.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the interest of clarity and conciseness, not all features of an actual implementation are described in the specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the device structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not so relevant to the present invention are omitted.
Example 1: the embodiment shown in fig. 1 provides a zoom confocal optical tweezers micro-imaging device, which is used for rapidly switching axial positions to realize three-dimensional tomography.
The utility model provides a zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device, includes confocal illumination module, confocal axial focusing module, confocal scanning module, confocal detection module and optical tweezers focus module:
the confocal illumination module sequentially comprises the following components in the direction of illumination light propagation: the device comprises a laser I1, a transmission optical fiber I2, a collimating mirror I3 and a polarization beam splitter 4;
the confocal axial focusing module sequentially comprises the following components in the light propagation direction: the device comprises a polarization beam splitter 4, a quarter-wave plate 5, a first objective 6, a plane mirror 7 and a first dichroic mirror 8;
the confocal scanning module is sequentially as follows according to the light propagation direction: the scanning galvanometer 9, the scanning lens 10, the first tube mirror 11, the second dichroic mirror 12 and the second objective lens 13;
the confocal detection module is as follows according to light propagation direction in proper order: a second objective lens 13, a second dichroic mirror 12, a first tube mirror 11, a scanning lens 10, a scanning galvanometer 9, a first dichroic mirror 8, a light filter 15, a collection objective lens 16, a servo pinhole 17 and a PMT 18; a pinhole 17 in the confocal detection module moves along with the plane reflector 7 by using an annular piezoelectric driver so as to ensure that fluorescence emitted by a sample is always focused at the center of the pinhole;
the optical tweezers focusing module sequentially comprises the following components in the light propagation direction: a second laser 23, a second conducting optical fiber 22, a second collimating mirror 21, a third tube mirror 20, a second tube mirror 19, a second dichroic mirror 12 and a second objective lens 13;
the confocal illumination module and the confocal axial focusing module share a polarization beam splitter 4;
the confocal scanning module and the optical tweezers focusing module share a dichroic mirror II 12 and an objective lens II 13;
the confocal scanning module and the confocal detection module also share a dichroic mirror I8;
and a sample to be measured 14 is arranged below the second objective lens 13.
More specifically: the sample 14 to be detected is a spherical sample to be detected, which is suspended in a culture dish and has a maximum diameter of micro-scale or nano-scale single cells, cell groups or particles and the like.
More specifically: the wavelength of the laser emitted by the optical tweezers in the axial focusing module is between 750nm and 900nm, the wavelength of the laser emitted by the confocal illumination module is between 350nm and 700nm, the laser is combined into a light path through the dichroic mirror II 12, and the measured sample 14 is clamped and observed by the common objective lens II 13.
More specifically: the polarization direction of the reflected light of the polarization spectroscope 4 is the same as that of the emergent light of the collimating mirror I3.
More specifically: the axial maximum movement range of the plane mirror 7 is equal to the focal depth of the first objective lens 6.
More specifically: the first objective lens 6 is a low-aperture objective lens, and the aperture is smaller than 0.4.
Example 2: the embodiment provides a zoom confocal optical tweezers micro-imaging method as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, which is used for rapidly switching axial positions to realize three-dimensional tomography.
A zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging method is realized based on the zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device in embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step a, exciting light is emitted by a laser device I1, parallel light is formed after the exciting light passes through a first conducting optical fiber 2 and a first collimating mirror 3 and a polarization beam splitter 4, the parallel light is emitted to a plane reflector 7 through a quarter-wave plate 5 and a first objective lens 6 to generate reflected laser, and a focused light spot is formed on a sample 14 to be measured after the parallel light is transmitted through a first dichroic mirror 8, a scanning vibration mirror 9, a scanning lens 10, a first tube mirror 11, a second dichroic mirror 12 and a second objective lens 13, and the focused light spot excites the sample to emit fluorescence;
step b, the second laser 23 emits laser, parallel light is generated through the second conducting optical fiber 22 and the second collimating lens 21, and a focusing light spot is formed through the third tube lens 20, the second tube lens 19, the second dichroic mirror 12 and the second objective lens 13 to clamp the sample 14 to be measured;
step c, arranging the plane reflector 7 at an initial position ②, focusing the confocal illumination light at an initial position ② ', driving the servo pinhole 17 to move to a position ②' by the annular piezoelectric driving device, and arranging the axis of the plane reflector 7To the scanning range D1+D2The axial scanning range of the corresponding confocal illumination light spot is D1’+D2' the axial scanning range of the follow-up pinhole 17 is D1”+D2"; the position of the plane reflector 7 and the position of the confocal illumination light spot are related to D1/D1’=D2/D2’=(M1M2)2The position relation between the servo pinhole 17 and the co-focusing illumination spot is D1”/D1’=D2”/D2’=(M3M2)2(ii) a Said D1Is the far focus distance, D, of the plane mirror1' is the confocal illumination spot near-focus distance, D1"is the far focus distance D of the servo pinhole 172Is the near focal distance of the plane mirror, D2' is the distance of the focal plane from the focal point, D2"is the close focal distance of the servo pinhole 17; the M is1Is the focal length ratio, M, of the first objective lens 6 to the scanning lens 102Is the focal length ratio of the first tube lens 11 to the second objective lens 13, M3To collect the ratio of the focal lengths of the objective lens 16 and the scanning lens 10;
d, setting the number of scanning layers to be N and the scanning step of the plane mirror 7 to be (D)1+D2) N, confocal illumination spot scanning step is (D)1’+D2')/N, with the servo pinhole 17 scanning step being (D)1”+D2The confocal illumination module emits laser, the laser passes through the confocal scanning module and the optical tweezers focusing module to form a light path, reflected light enters the confocal detection module and enters the confocal axial focusing module, the position of a planar reflector corresponds to a confocal illumination light spot and is ① 'and the position of a follow-up pinhole is ①' when the planar reflector is in a position ①, the position of a plane reflector corresponds to a confocal illumination light spot and is ② 'and ②' when the planar reflector is in a position ②, and the position of a plane reflector corresponds to a confocal illumination light spot and is ③ 'and the position of a follow-up pinhole is ③' when the planar reflector is in a position ③.
The initial position of the plane mirror is ②, the initial position of the confocal plane of the optical tweezers is ②', the plane mirror is axially moved to the position of ①②③ in the figure and correspondingly focused by the objective lens two 13The position of the focal spot is changed to ① '②' ③ 'in the figure, the pinhole is followed to ①' ② '③', the corresponding relation of the moving distance between the plane mirror and the focal plane is D1/D1’=D2/D2’=(M1M2)2The corresponding relation of the moving distance between the follow-up pinhole and the focal plane is D1”/D1’=D2”/D2’=(M3M2)2
More specifically: the light reflected by the dichroic mirror I8 enters a PMT18 through a light filter 15, a collecting objective lens 16 and a follow-up pinhole 17, wherein the PMT is a photomultiplier tube.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the contents thereof are merely embodiments adopted to facilitate understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. Zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device, its characterized in that: including confocal illumination module, confocal axial focusing module, confocal scanning module, confocal detection module and optical tweezers focus module:
the confocal illumination module sequentially comprises the following components in the direction of illumination light propagation: the device comprises a first laser (1), a first conducting optical fiber (2), a first collimating mirror (3) and a polarization beam splitter (4);
the confocal axial focusing module sequentially comprises the following components in the light propagation direction: the device comprises a polarization beam splitter (4), a quarter-wave plate (5), a first objective lens (6), a plane mirror (7) and a first dichroic mirror (8);
the confocal scanning module is sequentially as follows according to the light propagation direction: the device comprises a scanning galvanometer (9), a scanning lens (10), a first tube mirror (11), a second dichroic mirror (12) and a second objective lens (13);
the confocal detection module is as follows according to light propagation direction in proper order: the device comprises a second objective lens (13), a second dichroic mirror (12), a first tube mirror (11), a scanning lens (10), a scanning galvanometer (9), a first dichroic mirror (8), a light filter (15), a collection objective lens (16), a servo pinhole (17) and a PMT (18); a pinhole (17) in the confocal detection module moves along with the plane reflector (7) by using an annular piezoelectric driver so as to ensure that fluorescence emitted by a sample is always focused at the center of the pinhole;
the optical tweezers focusing module sequentially comprises the following components in the light propagation direction: a second laser (23), a second conducting optical fiber (22), a second collimating mirror (21), a third tube mirror (20), a second tube mirror (19), a second dichroic mirror (12) and a second objective lens (13);
the confocal illumination module and the confocal axial focusing module share a polarization spectroscope (4);
the confocal scanning module and the optical tweezers focusing module share a dichroic mirror II (12) and an objective lens II (13);
the confocal scanning module and the confocal detection module also share a dichroic mirror I (8);
a sample (14) to be measured is arranged below the second objective lens (13).
2. The confocal variable-focus optical tweezers microscopic imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the tested sample (14) is single cell, cell group or particle with the maximum diameter of micron-scale or nanometer-scale suspended in a culture dish, and the tested sample (14) is approximately spherical.
3. The confocal variable-focus optical tweezers microscopic imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the optical tweezers focusing module emits monochromatic laser wavelength between 750nm and 900nm, the confocal illumination module emits monochromatic laser wavelength between 350nm and 700nm, the monochromatic laser wavelength is combined into a light path through the dichroic mirror II (12), and the measured sample (14) is clamped and observed through the shared objective lens II (13).
4. The confocal variable-focus optical tweezers microscopic imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the polarization direction of the reflected light of the polarization spectroscope (4) is the same as that of the emergent light of the collimating mirror I (3).
5. The confocal variable-focus optical tweezers microscopic imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the axial maximum moving range of the plane reflector (7) is equal to the focal depth of the first objective lens (6).
6. A zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging method is realized based on the zoom confocal optical tweezers microscopic imaging device in any one of claims 1-5, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step a, exciting light is emitted by a first laser (1), parallel light is formed after passing through a first conducting optical fiber (2) and a first collimating mirror (3) and a polarizing beam splitter (4), the parallel light is emitted to a plane reflector (7) through a quarter-wave plate (5) and a first objective lens (6) to generate reflected laser, and a focused light spot is formed on a measured sample (14) after being transmitted by a first dichroic mirror (8), a scanning galvanometer (9), a scanning lens (10), a first tube mirror (11), a second dichroic mirror (12) and a second objective lens (13), and the focused light spot excites the sample to emit fluorescence;
step b, a second laser (23) emits laser, parallel light is generated through a second conducting optical fiber (22) and a second collimating mirror (21), and a focusing light spot is formed through a third tube mirror (20), a second tube mirror (19), a second dichroic mirror (12) and a second objective lens (13) to clamp a sample to be measured (14);
c, setting the plane reflector (7) at an initial position ②, focusing the confocal illumination light at an initial position ② ', driving the follow-up pinhole (17) to move to a position ②' by the annular piezoelectric driving device, and setting an axial scanning range D of the plane reflector (7)1+D2The axial scanning range of the corresponding confocal illumination light spot is D1’+D2' the axial scanning range of the follow-up pinhole (17) is D1”+D2"; the position of the plane reflector (7) is related to the position of the confocal illumination spot by D1/D1’=D2/D2’=(M1M2)2The following pinhole (17) and the confocal illumination spot have a position relation D1”/D1’=D2”/D2’=(M3M2)2(ii) a Said D1Is the far focus distance, D, of the plane mirror1' is the confocal illumination spot near-focus distance, D1' is the far focus distance D of the follow-up pinhole (17)2Is the near focal distance of the plane mirror, D2' is the distance of the focal plane from the focal point, D2"is the close focal distance of the follow-up pinhole (17); the M is1Is the focal length ratio of the first objective lens (6) to the scanning lens (10), M2Is the focal length ratio of the tube lens I (11) to the objective lens II (13), M3For collecting the focal length ratio of the objective lens (16) and the scanning lens (10);
d, setting the number of scanning layers to be N, and the scanning step of the plane mirror (7) to be D1+D2) N, confocal illumination spot scanning step is (D)1’+D2')/N, the scanning step of the following pinhole (17) is (D)1”+D2")/N, to achieve a fast three-dimensional tomographic scan.
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