CN108013226A - A kind of preparation method of Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN108013226A CN108013226A CN201711374732.7A CN201711374732A CN108013226A CN 108013226 A CN108013226 A CN 108013226A CN 201711374732 A CN201711374732 A CN 201711374732A CN 108013226 A CN108013226 A CN 108013226A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/70—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in livestock or poultry
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed, the fermented feed is made of Mare Humorum taro leaf powder, wheat bran, ammonium sulfate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, geotrichum candidum, Rhizopus oryzae, candida tropicalis, lactobacillus plantarum etc..The present invention is by cannot be directly as the Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed that the Alocasia ordora leaf powder of feedstuff obtains after microbial solid fermentation, it completely eliminated the acid in Alocasia ordora leaf powder, cyanide and protease inhibitor, and utilize the fermentation of microorganism, increase beneficial microorganism type and quantity in Alocasia ordora leaf powder, increase its true albumen and various enzyme contents.It is obviously improved by fermentation for the bioavailability of Alocasia ordora leaf powder, palatability, growth promotion aspect, increase livestock and poultry disease resistance, increase productivity, aquaculture cost can be reduced by feeding this Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed, increase culture benefit, the input of enzyme preparation and protein feed cost is reduced, is new utilization of resources type biological feedstuff, there is very big economic value and social value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fermentative feedstuff of microbe, particularly a kind of microorganism using Alocasia ordora leaf powder as primary raw material sends out
Ferment feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China's short-commons, feedstuff is in short supply, and it is a urgent task to excavate new diet resource.According to Li Heng
(1979) and Bradbury etc. (1988) data, Alocasia ordora (Alocasia macrorrhiza) is large-scale for Araeceae Alocasia
Evergreen herbage, extensively it is wild in tropical and subtropical region and the forest zone of country, in weeds bushes, ditch side or village
Near, it is seen everywhere in Guangdong and south China various regions.Its blade Asia keratin grass green, arrow-like are avette, long 50 ~ 90 cm, wide by 40 ~
90cm.According to author's preliminary observation, fresh weight 50-150 g, the blade of Alocasia ordora is in great numbers, and leaf regeneration is express, and complete stool leaf is cut through cutting
Afterwards less than two months, plant is with regard to that can regenerate leaf in great numbers and dark green.
Alocasia ordora fresh leaf has acid, and leaf powder, which is made, through 60-70 DEG C of drying still fails to be removed.Alocasia ordora leaf flakes dry matter
Containing 4.92 MJ/kg of metabolic energy, 244.1 g/kg of thick protein, 140.4 g/kg of crude fibre, 11.9 g/kg of lysine, methionine
4.4 g/kg.Wen Liufa etc. can effectively remove the acid material of Alocasia ordora leaf powder using acetone and other organic solvent.Acetone treatment
Outline nutritional ingredient, metabolic energy and amino acid composition and the former Alocasia ordora leaf powder no significant difference of Alocasia ordora leaf powder.Raise broiler
Result of the test show, made an addition to having the Alocasia ordora leaf powder of acid in the level of 40 and 60 g/kg in diet, reduce chicken pair
The feed intake of feed, pole significantly decrease the weightening (P of chicken>0. 01), but no significant difference is compared in the feed consumption weightening of each group chicken;
The Alocasia ordora leaf powder added through acetone treatment and without acid is horizontal in 40 g/ kg, feed intake, weightening and the feed consumption weightening of broiler chicken
Than the not significantly (P of the difference with control group> 0. 05 ).These result of the tests show that the acid of Alocasia ordora leaf powder have impact on meat
Chicken directly utilizes to it, therefore proper method processing is stripped of the Alocasia ordora leaf powder of acid material and can be used as animal and fowl fodder, tool
There is preferable feeding value.Being stripped of the Alocasia ordora leaf powder of acid material by the method processing fermented but without report can make
For the report of animal and fowl fodder.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed, by microbial solid fermentation
The Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed obtained afterwards, completely eliminated the acid in Alocasia ordora leaf powder, cyanide and protease inhibiting factor
Son, and using the fermentation of microorganism, increase beneficial microorganism type and quantity in Alocasia ordora leaf powder, increase its true albumen
Content, and add the content of its complex enzyme.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of preparation method of Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed, it is characterised in that the raw material of Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed is by weight
For：850-950 parts of Mare Humorum taro leaf powder, 20-60 parts of wheat bran, 2-5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3-6 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2 parts of magnesium sulfate,
3-5 parts of geotrichum candidum, 3-5 parts of Rhizopus oryzae, 2-4 parts of candida tropicalis, 5-10 parts of lactobacillus plantarum etc. form.
Wherein, the preparation method of a kind of Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(1) the 850-950 parts of Mare Humorum that crushed 2 mm sieves taro leaf powder, are sequentially added into mixing tank, add 20-60 parts of wheat bran,
2-5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3-6 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-5 parts of geotrichum candidum, 3-5 parts of Rhizopus oryzae, torrid zone vacation silk ferment
2-4 parts female, 5-10 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, stirs evenly.
(2), the fermentation materials stirred evenly are laid in pallet or fermentation tank, material thickness 8-12cm, is in humidity
55%-75%, temperature are the 48-72h that ferments in 25-32 DEG C of fermenting cellar, treat that fermentation materials are covered with white hypha, detect its cyaniding
Thing, protease inhibitor is degradable, and acid disappears substantially, you can to terminate first stage fermentation.
(3) the material for being covered with white hypha, is poured into fermentation vat, 30-35 DEG C of anaerobic fermentation from pallet or fermentation tank
36-48h, substantially can't smell acid, and smelling has sour fragrance, and pH is less than 4.5, measure its viable bacteria total amount more than 1,000,000,000/gram,
Yeast bacterial content be more than 200,000,000/gram, you can to terminate to ferment.
(4) fermentate low temperature drying to water content, is less than 13%, measures its true albumen not less than 26%, crude protein is not less than
30%, its cellulase activity is detected more than 400IU/ grams, and acid protease activity is more than 200IU/ grams, and amylase activity is more than
100IU/ grams, you can crushing packing.
Geotrichum candidum strain in above-mentioned steps 1, Candida tropicalis strain, lactobacillus plantarum strain, Rhizopus oryzae strain,
The prior art can be used, the present invention provides following methods：
1. the preparation of lactobacillus plantarum liquid spawn
Culture presevation pipe is taken out, tablet is drawn with MRS solid mediums and recovers, when 37 degree of Anaerobic culturels 48 are small.Under tablet
Picking single bacterium colony is inoculated with 50 milliliters of MRS culture mediums, when 37 degree of Anaerobic culturels 24 are small in the incubator.Seed connects using 5%
Kind amount, when inoculation postposition 100L lactic acid bacteria seed culture medium Anaerobic culturels 20-28 is small, detects its bacterial concentration, bacterial content exceedes
3000000000 CFU/ milliliters, you can be inoculated with as seed；
MRS culture mediums：Peptone 10g/L, 5 g/L of yeast extract, 10 g/L of beef extract, 20 g/L of glucose, sodium acetate 5
G/L, 2 g/L of dibasic ammonium citrate, 1 mL/L of Tween 80,0.6 g/L of magnesium sulfate, 0.05 g/L of manganese sulfate, 2 g/ of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
L, 20 g/L of agar, 20 g/L of calcium carbonate, agar 2% is added in solid medium.；
Lactic acid bacteria seed culture medium：Molasses 5%, peptone 1.0%, beef extract 0.75%, sodium chloride 0.1%, manganese sulfate 0.001%, sulphur
Sour magnesium 0.02%, sodium acetate 0.05%, calcium carbonate 5%, pH6.0.
2. the preparation of Candida tropicalis liquid spawn
Culture presevation pipe is taken out, tablet is drawn with PDA solid mediums and recovers, when 30 degree of cultures 48 are small.The picking under tablet
Single bacterium colony is inoculated with 50 milliliters of PDA culture mediums, when 30 degree of shake cultures 24 are small in the incubator.Seed uses 5% inoculation
Amount, inoculation 5L saccharomycete seed culture mediums put big triangular flask shake culture 20-28 it is small when, detect its bacterial concentration, bacterial content surpasses
Cross 500,000,000/milliliter, you can be inoculated with as seed；
PDA culture medium：Potato 200g, sucrose 20g, agar 2% is added in solid medium；
Saccharomycete seed culture medium：30 g/L of molasses, 3 g/L of yeast extract, 5 g/L of peptone, 5 g/L of ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate 0.5
g/L。
3. the preparation of Rhizopus oryzae liquid spawn
Culture presevation pipe is taken out, tablet is drawn with PDA solid mediums and recovers, when 30 degree of cultures 120 are small.The picking under tablet
In single bacterium colony inoculation eggplant bottle in PDA solid mediums, when 30 degree of cultures 120 are small.Its bacterium colony is washed down with physiological saline, is stirred
It is even, detect its spore content and be more than 100,000,000/milliliter, you can be inoculated with as liquid spawn；
PDA solid mediums：Potato 200g, sucrose 20g, agar 20g.
4., the preparation of geotrichum candidum liquid spawn
Culture presevation pipe is taken out, tablet is drawn with PDA solid mediums and recovers, when 30 degree of cultures 120 are small.The picking under tablet
In single bacterium colony inoculation eggplant bottle in PDA solid mediums, when 30 degree of cultures 120 are small.Its bacterium colony is washed down with physiological saline, is stirred
It is even, detect its spore content and be more than 100,000,000/milliliter, you can be inoculated with as liquid spawn；
PDA solid mediums：Potato 200g, sucrose 20g, agar 20g.
The product obtained by the method for the present invention, the key technical indexes is after inspection：
1st, the acid in Alocasia ordora leaf powder, cyanide and protease inhibitor are completely eliminated, effective total viable count exceedes
1000000000/gram,
2nd, product true protein content is not less than 26%, and crude protein is not less than 30%；
3rd, its cellulase activity is surveyed more than 400IU/ grams, and acid protease activity is more than 200IU/ grams, and amylase activity is more than
100IU/ grams.
Use the beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical proposal：
1st, the Alocasia ordora leaf that the present invention cannot will be obtained directly as the Alocasia ordora leaf powder of feedstuff after microbial solid fermentation
Powder fermented feed, completely eliminated the acid in Alocasia ordora leaf powder, cyanide and protease inhibitor, and utilize micro- life
The fermentation of thing, increases beneficial microorganism type and quantity in Alocasia ordora leaf powder, increases its true protein content, and add it
The content of complex enzyme.
2nd, it is obviously improved by fermentation for the bioavailability of Alocasia ordora leaf powder, palatability, growth promotion aspect, increase poultry
Fowl disease resistance, increases productivity, and is in particular in：After the Alocasia ordora leaf powder knot everfermentation that cannot directly utilize, it can substitute
Partial Protein feed can reduce the import of national protein raw materials to reduce feed totle drilling cost, improve the economic benefit of cultivation.Alocasia ordora
Containing abundant microbial metabolic products in leaf powder fermented feed product, such as various organic acids, vitamin, complex enzyme, can have
Beneficial to the improvement of cultivated animals digestive function, the utilization rate of feed is improved, increases the production performance of cultivated animals；Alocasia ordora leaf powder is sent out
Various beneficial microbes in ferment feed product can be effectively improved microorganism group in cultivated animals digestive system into suppressing digestion
The activity of pathogenic bacteria in road, improves the anti-stress ability and resistance of cultivated animals, reduces all kinds of disease of digestive tracts of cultivated animals
Incidence, reduce use of all kinds of antibiotic in cultivated animals, thus reach improve food security performance effect.
Illustrate culture efficiency of the Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed in growing and fattening pigs of the present invention with reference to experiment.
Test site：Qingyuan City Qingxin County of Guangdong Province pig farm
Test method：Long white × about × three way cross piglet 60 caused by the pig hybridization of local is selected, is randomly divided into five
Test group and a control group, every group 10, each group gender is impartial, and weight is basically identical between group.
Control group, using autogamy complete diet pellet (2800 yuan/ton), five test groups use Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed (no respectively
Higher than 1500 yuan/ton) 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, the 25% of complete diet pellet is substituted, other drinking-water feeding conditions are identical.
Result of the test：After experiment 90 days, as a result such as table 1.Fermented feed additive amount is no more than full price as can be seen from the results
Material 20% when, have growth promoting function to growing and fattening pigs, can play the raising price of deed, save medicine cost, may also function as improvement meat
Matter etc. acts on.It is understood that having a sharp sense of smell for pig will be sensitive than dog, if the acid in Alocasia ordora leaf powder does not have cleared, pig meeting
Food refusal, but after everfermentation, when additive amount reaches 25%, all without the feed intake for influencing pig.
Cultivation result of the 1 Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed of table in growing and fattening pigs.
| Project group | Control group | Test group 1 | Test group 2 | Test group 3 | Test group 4 | Test group 5 |
| Average starting weight（kg） | 36.4 | 35.5 | 35.8 | 36.2 | 35.5 | 35.6 |
| Average end weight（kg） | 114 | 115.6 | 115.9 | 116.8 | 115.8 | 113.4 |
| Weightening（kg） | 77.6 | 80.1 | 80.1 | 80.6 | 80.3 | 77.8 |
| Average weight increasing a day | 0.832 | 0.89 | 0.89 | 0.896 | 0.892 | 0.864 |
| Feedstuff-meat ratio | 3.10:1 | 3.08:1 | 2.97:1 | 3.02:1 | 3.05:1 | 3.11:1 |
| With control group rate of body weight gain | 0 | 3.22% | 3.22% | 3.87% | 3.47% | 0.25% |
Embodiment
Substantive distinguishing features of the present invention can be embodied from the following examples, but these embodiments are only used as explanation, without
It is to limit the invention.
Embodiment 1
The raw material for preparing the Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed is by weight：930 parts of Mare Humorum taro leaf powder, 40 parts of wheat bran, ammonium sulfate 4
Part, 4 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.2 part of magnesium sulfate, 4 parts of geotrichum candidum, 4 parts of Rhizopus oryzae, 3 parts of candida tropicalis, 8 parts of lactobacillus plantarum
Deng composition.
The preparation method of the Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed, includes the following steps：
(1) the 930 parts of Mare Humorum that crushed 2 mm sieves taro leaf powder are sequentially added into mixing tank, add 40 parts of wheat bran, ammonium sulfate 4
Part, 4 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.2 part of magnesium sulfate, 4 parts of geotrichum candidum, 4 parts of Rhizopus oryzae, 3 parts of candida tropicalis, 8 parts of lactobacillus plantarum,
Stir evenly；
(2) the fermentation materials stirred evenly are laid in pallet or fermentation tank, material thickness 10cm, are 65% in humidity, temperature
The 60h that ferments is spent in the fermenting cellar for 30 DEG C, and fermentation materials are covered with white hypha, detect its cyanide, and protease inhibitor is complete
Degradable, and acid disappears substantially, that is, terminates first stage fermentation；
(3) the material for being covered with white hypha is poured into fermentation vat, 33 DEG C of anaerobic fermentation 40h, base from pallet or fermentation tank
Acid be can't smell on this, smelling has sour fragrance, and pH is less than 4.5, measure its viable bacteria total amount for 1,200,000,000/gram, yeast bacterial content
For 300,000,000/gram, that is, terminate to ferment；
(4) fermentate low temperature drying to water content is less than 13%, it is 28.6% to measure its true albumen, crude protein 31.1%, detection
Its cellulase activity is 424IU/ grams, and acid protease activity is 220IU/ grams, and amylase activity is 105IU/ grams, crushes bag
Dress.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of preparation method of Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed, it is characterised in that the raw material of Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed is by weight
For：850-950 parts of Mare Humorum taro leaf powder, 20-60 parts of wheat bran, 2-5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3-6 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2 parts of magnesium sulfate,
3-5 parts of geotrichum candidum, 3-5 parts of Rhizopus oryzae, 2-4 parts of candida tropicalis, 5-10 parts of lactobacillus plantarum etc. form.
2. the preparation method of a kind of Alocasia ordora leaf powder fermented feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
(1) the 850-950 parts of Mare Humorum that crushed 2 mm sieves taro leaf powder, are sequentially added into mixing tank, add 20-60 parts of wheat bran,
2-5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3-6 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-5 parts of geotrichum candidum, 3-5 parts of Rhizopus oryzae, torrid zone vacation silk ferment
2-4 parts female, 5-10 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, stirs evenly；
(2), the fermentation materials stirred evenly are laid in pallet or fermentation tank, material thickness 8-12cm, are 55%- in humidity
75%, temperature is the 48-72h that ferments in 25-32 DEG C of fermenting cellar, treats that fermentation materials are covered with white hypha, detects its cyanide, egg
White enzyme inhibition factor is degradable, and acid disappears substantially, you can to terminate first stage fermentation；
(3) the material for being covered with white hypha, is poured into fermentation vat, 30-35 DEG C of anaerobic fermentation 36- from pallet or fermentation tank
48h, substantially can't smell acid, and smelling has sour fragrance, and pH is less than 4.5, measure its viable bacteria total amount more than 1,000,000,000/gram, ferment
Female bacterial content be more than 200,000,000/gram, you can to terminate to ferment；
(4) fermentate low temperature drying to water content, is less than 13%, measures its true albumen not less than 26%, crude protein is not less than 30%,
Its cellulase activity is detected more than 400IU/ grams, acid protease activity is more than 200IU/ grams, and amylase activity is more than
100IU/ grams, you can crushing packing.
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Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102934736A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-02-20 | 蒋常德 | Method for preparing sweet potato skin/ sweet potato powder dreg fermented feed |
| CN105028935A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-11 | 丽江坤源食品有限公司 | Method for preparing prickly ash seed oil meal animal feed |
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2017
- 2017-12-19 CN CN201711374732.7A patent/CN108013226A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102934736A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-02-20 | 蒋常德 | Method for preparing sweet potato skin/ sweet potato powder dreg fermented feed |
| CN105028935A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-11 | 丽江坤源食品有限公司 | Method for preparing prickly ash seed oil meal animal feed |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 何培新: "《高级微生物学》", 31 August 2017, 中国轻工业出版社 * |
| 李爱科: "《中国蛋白质饲料资源》", 31 January 2013, 中国农业大学出版社 * |
| 杨宪武: "《猪的饲料》", 30 November 1979, 山东科学技术出版社 * |
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