CN108007693A - Oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator and test method in a kind of internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator and test method in a kind of internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108007693A CN108007693A CN201711023450.2A CN201711023450A CN108007693A CN 108007693 A CN108007693 A CN 108007693A CN 201711023450 A CN201711023450 A CN 201711023450A CN 108007693 A CN108007693 A CN 108007693A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 268
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005183 dynamical system Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009183 running Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/05—Testing internal-combustion engines by combined monitoring of two or more different engine parameters
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator and test method in a kind of internal combustion engine, belong to internal combustion engine experimental technique field.Including：Main body oscillating mechanism, dynamical system, fuel feeding and excess oil collection system, control and measuring system；Main body oscillating mechanism includes variable toggle, mandril, oil duct see-through model, and includes the rack of mandril guiding mechanism；Dynamical system includes servo motor device；Oil supply system sprays machine oil by being directed at the atomizer of oil duct see-through model entrance to oil duct see-through model, and excess oil collection system is finally collected machine oil；Control is measured and controlled to servo motor device rotating speed, injection pressure etc. with measuring system, and records engine oil flow situation and other data by high-speed photography equipment.Simulation accuracy of the present invention is high, versatile, and dynamic simulation oil duct in piston machine oil Oscillation Flows distribution, simultaneously measurable atomizer oil spout performance, foundation is provided for piston optimization design.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator and test method in a kind of internal combustion engine, belong to internal combustion engine
Piston test technical field.
Background technology
As explosion pressure and power per liter are continuously improved in cylinder of diesel engine in recent years, diesel engine piston institute's affected by hot loading and machine
Tool load greatly increases.In order to prevent piston failure, ensure the reliability and durability of piston and diesel engine, it is necessary to control piston
Maximum temperature is below permissible value, it is therefore desirable to which piston is effectively cooled down.And obtained at present on high load piston wide
The type of cooling of general application is that interior oil cooling passage forces vibration cooling.
Interior oil cooling passage forces vibration cooling, is that oil duct is cast on the inside of ring area, from oil injection nozzle to oil duct machine oil
Inlet jet oil, machine oil are acutely vibrated under high speed piston reciprocating motion after entering oil duct, finally flowed out from oil passage outlet.Machine
Oil can take away the most heat of piston, greatly reduce the temperature of piston in interior oil cooling passage oscillatory process.Internal oil cooling passage
In research, way is by oil cooling passage heat exchange property in the evaluation of piston temperature field, due to being limited by boundary condition accuracy earlier
System, can not obtain satisfactory result.
The research for forcing vibration cooling on interior oil cooling passage at present mainly includes oil duct fluid interchange analogue simulation and interior cold
The development of oil duct Oscillation Flows simulation test device.And the simulation calculation of oil duct fluid interchange, all it is the oil duct mould to simplifying
Type is simulated, its model accuracy is difficult to ensure that, it is necessary to experimental verification.And the development example of Oscillation Flows simulation test device
Have：A kind of piston vibrating cooling nature imitation experiment device and its experiment side are disclosed in Chinese patent application 200910047582.8
Method.It drives revolution disc spins by motor, drives bracket to be moved in the limitation Imitating diesel engine piston of guide rail by connecting rod.
But the device throw of crankshaft can not step-less adjustment, versatility is smaller；Due to the guide rail that reciprocator uses, cause
Oil collecting is difficult, while machine oil splashes at engine oil inlet, can not collect；Oil duct model is smaller, cause observe precision compared with
It is low；In addition, the device does not consider guide rail, the lubrication of high speed reciprocating mechanism, do not consider that high rotating speed unbalance dynamic causes yet
Vibration problem.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：There is provided in a kind of internal combustion engine oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator and
Test method, it can directly observe interior oil cooling passage inner engine oil Oscillation Flows distribution, while can accurately measure interior oil cooling passage machine oil
Percent of pass, foundation is provided for oil cooling passage fluid interchange in research and oil duct in piston design.
The present invention uses following technical solution：Oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in a kind of internal combustion engine, including：
Main body oscillating mechanism, dynamical system, fuel feeding and excess oil collection system, control and measuring system；Wherein：
The main body oscillating mechanism includes rack 1, crank length adjusting device 2, mandril guiding mechanism, connecting rod 13, variable song
Handle linkage 14, mandril 11, test specimen mounting platform 9, oil duct see-through model 8, right trunnion 21；
Left side, right side, the top of rack 1 offer mounting hole, peace of the crank length adjusting device 2 through the left side of rack 1
Fill the left side connection of the variable toggle 14 inside Kong Houyu racks 1, installation of the right trunnion 21 through the right side of rack 1
The right side connection of the variable toggles 14 of Kong Houyu, right trunnion 21 is by 1 axial restraint of rack, the installation of the top of rack 1
Mandril guiding mechanism is equipped with hole, test specimen mounting platform 9 is fixed on the surface of rack 1, and upper end and the test specimen of mandril 11 are installed
Platform 9 connects, lower end pass through mandril guiding mechanism after be connected with the upper end of the connecting rod 13 rack 1 inside, the lower end of connecting rod 13 and
The upper end connection of variable toggle 14, crank length adjusting device 2 are used for realization the length of variable toggle 14
Degree is adjusted；The oil duct see-through model 8 includes having oil inlet and oil outlet；
The dynamical system includes servo motor device 15, the motor output shaft 18 of servo motor device 15 and right trunnion 21
Connection, servo motor device 15 drives variable toggle 14 to move back and forth by right trunnion 21, and then variable crank
Linkage 14 drives connecting rod 13 to pump；
The fuel feeding and excess oil collection system include fueller and excess oil collection device 12, and fueller is used for saturating to oil duct
The oil inlet injection machine oil of bright model 8, excess oil collection device 12 are used to collect the machine oil from the outflow of 8 oil outlet of oil duct see-through model
And sprayed from fueller but be not injected into the machine oil of 8 oil inlet of oil duct see-through model；
The control includes host computer, slave computer, high-speed photography equipment 10 with measuring system, and host computer is to connect with slave computer
Connect, instructed for being transmitted to slave computer, slave computer is connected with high-speed photography equipment 10, fueller, servo motor device 15, is used
The instruction of host computer is performed in control high-speed photography equipment 10, fueller, servo motor device 15 and by high-speed photography equipment
10th, fueller, the status data of servo motor device 15 feed back to host computer, and high-speed photography equipment 10 is saturating for shooting oil duct
Machine oil oscillatory condition in bright model 8.
The crank length adjusting device 2 include handwheel 16, sliding screw 17, nut 29, bearing 27, sleeve 26, only
Push and block circle or double nut fixed standard part 28；Sleeve 26 is installed in the mounting hole in the left side of rack 1, and bearing 27 is installed on sleeve
Inside 26, nut 29 is installed on 27 inner ring of bearing, and axial restraint, and thrust baffle ring or double nut fixed standard part 28 are fixed on spiral shell
On mother 29, sliding screw 17 is connected with 29 inner thread of nut, and 17 left end of sliding screw is connected with handwheel 16, right end and variable song
The left end connection of handle linkage 14, by rotating handwheel 16, changes the axial location of sliding screw 17, so as to promote variable song
Handle linkage 14 moves.
The variable toggle 14 includes left crank 25, rod journal 24, right crank 23, a left side for left crank 25
End is connected with crank length adjusting device 2, and the right end of left crank 25 is connected with the left end of rod journal 24, the right side of rod journal 24
End is connected with the left end of right crank 23, and the right end of right crank 23 is connected with right trunnion 21, the middle part and top of rod journal 24
Connecting rod 13 connect, the mandril guiding mechanism includes top stem casing 19 and mandril block set 20, and mandril block set 20 is located in rack 1
At the mounting hole in portion, top stem casing 19 is installed on inside mandril block set 20, and 11 lower end of mandril is stretched into rack 1 after passing through top stem casing 19
Portion, mandril 11 is free to slide in top stem casing 19, and the lower end of mandril 11 sets engaging lug, and engaging lug is equipped with pin hole, on connecting rod 13
It is big end to hold as small end of connecting rod, lower end, and small end of connecting rod is equipped with pin hole, small through the pin hole on engaging lug and connecting rod by pin
Pin hole on head, makes connecting rod 13 be rotatablely connected with mandril 11, the middle part of the big end of connecting rod 13 and the rod journal 24 of lower end
Rotation connection.
The variable toggle 14 further includes the vibrating balancer 22 of left and right ends, the vibration balancing of left end
The left end of device 22 is connected with crank length adjusting device 2, and right end is connected with the left end of left crank 25, the vibration balancing dress of right end
Put 22 left end to be connected with the right end of right crank 23, right end is connected with right trunnion 21.
The fueller includes fuel reserve tank 3, high-pressure oil pump 4, Oil pump electrical machinery 5, accumulator 6, atomizer 7, wherein high
Pressure oil pump 4 is connected with fuel reserve tank 3, Oil pump electrical machinery 5, accumulator 6 respectively, and accumulator 6 is connected with atomizer 7, and atomizer 7 passes through
Atomizer apparatus for adjusting position is adjusted to be directed at 8 oil inlet of oil duct see-through model.
The atomizer apparatus for adjusting position includes the identical adjuster of three structures linking together, is respectively Z
Device 41, X axis adjuster 42, Y-axis adjuster 43 are adjusted axially, each adjuster includes guide rail and sleeve, and guide rail sleeve is covering
In cylinder, and the corresponding position of guide rail sleeve and sleeve is equipped with threaded hole, and Z axis is adjusted to adjuster 41, X axis adjuster 42, Y-axis
Device 43 passes through being bolted together through threaded hole.
The excess oil collection device 12 includes upper casing 30, lower casing 31, cavity 32, fuel-displaced collecting pipe 33, is not injected into
The test specimen mounting platform 9 on oily collecting pipe 34, oil spout oil circuit 35, louver(-vre) 36, upper casing 30 and top is fixed together and it enters
Mouthful connected with the oil outlet of oil duct see-through model 8, lower casing 31 be located at upper 30 lower end of casing and with upper 30 clearance fit of casing, under
Contain middle baffle plate 37 in casing 31, the cavity 32 with louver(-vre) 36 is installed on the lower outside of casing 31 and is equipped with middle interval among it
Plate 40, louver(-vre) 36 connect air, and lower casing 31 is divided into two babinets in left and right by middle baffle plate 37, from oil duct see-through model 8
The machine oil of oil outlet outflow flows through the left box body for entering case 31 of trapping after casing 30, is sprayed from fueller but is not injected into oil duct
After the machine oil of 8 oil inlet of see-through model is splashed on the wall of casing 30 and lower casing 31, lower casing is fallen under gravity into
Cavity 32 is divided into two cavitys in left and right by 31 right case, intermediate bulkhead 40, the bottom of the left box body of lower casing 31 be equipped with
The left side square hole 39 of 32 left chamber body of cavity connection, the bottom of the right case of lower casing 31 are equipped with the right side connected with 32 right chamber body of cavity
Side hole 38, fuel-displaced collecting pipe 33 are connected with 32 left chamber body of cavity, are not injected into oily collecting pipe 34 and are connected with 32 right chamber body of cavity.
The section of the middle baffle plate 37 is crank shape.
The host computer is industrial personal computer, and slave computer is P LC.
The test method of oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator, comprises the following steps in a kind of internal combustion engine：
Step 1：According to studied type length of connecting rod, simplified connecting rod 13 is produced, by connecting rod 13 and 24 company of rotation of rod journal
Connect；Then analogue crank length is adjusted to actual type crank length by rotating handwheel 16；Connecting rod 13 and mandril 11 are rotated
Connection；Install and keep variable toggle 14 to be located at bottom dead center position；And mandril 11 passes through mandril Guiding machine with rack 1
Structure is slidably connected, and ensures 11 verticality of mandril by the mandril guiding mechanism；
Step 2：According to studied oil duct in piston structure, by the theory of similarity, oil duct see-through model 8 is made；Pacify in testpieces
Oil duct inlet and outlet position correspondence drilling on assembling platform 9, is fixed on 9 top of test specimen mounting platform by oil duct see-through model 8, adjusts spray
The position of oil nozzle 7 makes its 8 oil inlet of face oil duct see-through model；
Step 3：Start Oil pump electrical machinery 5, after 6 pressure of accumulator reach experiment value and it is constant after, open atomizer solenoid valve, spray
Oil nozzle 7 sprays high-pressure oil to 8 oil inlet of oil duct see-through model, and machine oil sprays into when observation clean oil cavity mold type is still in lower dead center
Situation；
Step 4：Order is sent by host computer, slave computer control servo motor device 15 starts, and makes variable toggle
14 steady runnings under certain rotating speed, so as to drive the oil duct of test specimen mounting platform 9 and its top saturating by connecting rod 13, mandril 11
Bright model 8 is pressed given rule and is moved back and forth；
Step 5：After 30 seconds, the movement of 8 inner engine oil of oil duct see-through model changes in stable periodicity, starts high-speed photography equipment 10,
Shooting record is carried out to machine oil oscillatory condition in oil duct see-through model 8；
Step 6：After five minutes, end is observed and recorded, stops oil spout and simultaneously closes off servo motor device 15；Host computer is to collecting
Data analyzed, obtain in oil road see-through model 8 machine oil vibration distribution situation and the oil duct be averaged machine oil percent of pass；
Step 7：Oil spout temperature, the injection pressure of high-pressure oil pump 4 and servo in oil supply system are changed by control and measuring system
The rotating speed of electric machine 15, the experimental data under different operating modes is drawn by experiment.
The principle that the present invention designs：Variable toggle 14 is driven by servo motor device 15, drives mandril 11
Pump under the constraint of 1 guiding mechanism of rack, and testpieces（Oil duct see-through model 8）It is fixed on the top of mandril 11
The top of testpieces mounting platform 9, so that by variable toggle 14 and testpieces（Oil duct see-through model 8）Separate, obtain
To facilitate arrangement oil duct oil collecting device and variable toggle 14 of driving etc. be lubricated；Pass through slip screw
The step-less adjustment of 17 axial location of sliding screw is realized in transmission；Oil duct see-through model 8 is designed and produced based on the theory of similarity, controls thunder
Promise number is constant, and by actual oil duct size, injection velocity, rotating speed makees corresponding adjustment, obtains scale model parameter；Parts at high speeds is past
Great vibrations caused by multiple movement, by arranging vibrating balancer 22 in crank reverse position, are put down using half balance method
Weighing apparatus, that is, balance whole centrifugal intertia forces and half reciprocal inertia force, balance mass is by variable 14 half balance method of toggle
Formula is drawn.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：
1st, the slip by mandril 11 under the constraint of mandril guiding mechanism, translates up piston motion, so that by variable crank
Linkage 14 and testpieces（Oil duct see-through model 8）Separate；Band ventilation is provided with interior oil cooling passage model after separation
The excess oil collection device 12 of window 36, collect from 8 oil outlet of oil duct see-through model outflow machine oil and from fueller spray but
It is not injected into the machine oil of 8 oil inlet of oil duct see-through model.This is because louver(-vre) 36 connects air, in such a excess oil collection device 12
Portion's pressures near atmospheric, it is consistent with environment in actual crank case, avoid elevated pressures pair inside other oil collecting devices
The fuel-displaced influence of oil duct oil outlet；Lower framework closing at the same time, easy to pass through bent axle or disc splash lubrication.
2nd, by comprising the variable toggle 14 being rotatablely connected at 4, can to crank length within the specific limits without
Level is adjusted, therefore the experimental provision versatility of the present invention is stronger.
3rd, oil duct see-through model 8 applies the theory of similarity, and on the basis of ensureing that Reynolds number is constant, oil pocket is put in proportion
Greatly, the precision of observation is improved.
4th, overall rack dynamic equilibrium problems are considered, vibrating balancer 22 are introduced, by arranging vibrating balancer
22 substantially reduce the caused vibration of unbalance inertia force, improve each component life and accuracy of observation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of main body oscillating mechanism of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional structure charts of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of atomizer apparatus for adjusting position；
Fig. 5 is the surface structure schematic diagram of excess oil collection device 12；
Fig. 6 is the top view of excess oil collection device 12；
Fig. 7 is A-A cross-sectional views in Fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is 12 front view of excess oil collection device；
Fig. 9 is B-B cross-sectional views in Fig. 8.
In figure respectively marked as：1. rack；2. crank length adjusting device；3. fuel reserve tank；4. high-pressure oil pump；5. oil pump is electric
Machine；6. accumulator；7. atomizer；8. oil duct see-through model；9. test specimen mounting platform；10. high-speed photography equipment；11. mandril；
12. excess oil collection device；13. connecting rod；14. variable toggle；15. servo motor device；16. handwheel；17. slide
Screw rod；18. motor output shaft；19. top stem casing；20. mandril block set；21. right trunnion；22. vibrating balancer；It is 23. right
Crank；24. rod journal；25. left crank；26. sleeve；27. bearing；28. thrust baffle ring or double nut fixed standard part；29.
Nut；Casing on 30.；31. lower casing；32. cavity；33. fuel-displaced collecting pipe；34. it is not injected into oily collecting pipe；35. oil spout oil circuit；
36. louver(-vre)；37. lower middle baffle plate；38. right side square hole；39. left side square hole；40. intermediate bulkhead；41. Z axis is to adjusting
Device；42. X axis adjuster；43. Y-axis adjuster.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1：As shown in figs 1-9, oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in a kind of internal combustion engine, including：Main body
Oscillating mechanism, dynamical system, fuel feeding and excess oil collection system, control and measuring system；Wherein：
The main body oscillating mechanism includes rack 1, crank length adjusting device 2, mandril guiding mechanism, connecting rod 13, variable song
Handle linkage 14, mandril 11, test specimen mounting platform 9, oil duct see-through model 8, right trunnion 21；
Left side, right side, the top of rack 1 offer mounting hole, peace of the crank length adjusting device 2 through the left side of rack 1
Fill the left side connection of the variable toggle 14 inside Kong Houyu racks 1, installation of the right trunnion 21 through the right side of rack 1
The right side connection of the variable toggles 14 of Kong Houyu, right trunnion 21 is by 1 axial restraint of rack, the installation of the top of rack 1
Mandril guiding mechanism is equipped with hole, test specimen mounting platform 9 is fixed on the surface of rack 1, and upper end and the test specimen of mandril 11 are installed
Platform 9 connects, lower end pass through mandril guiding mechanism after be connected with the upper end of the connecting rod 13 rack 1 inside, the lower end of connecting rod 13 and
The upper end connection of variable toggle 14, crank length adjusting device 2 are used for realization the length of variable toggle 14
Degree is adjusted；The oil duct see-through model 8 includes having oil inlet and oil outlet；
The dynamical system includes servo motor device 15, the motor output shaft 18 of servo motor device 15 and right trunnion 21
Connection, servo motor device 15 drives variable toggle 14 to move back and forth by right trunnion 21, and then variable crank
Linkage 14 drives connecting rod 13 to pump, and realizes the simulation to oil duct in piston movement.
The fuel feeding and excess oil collection system include fueller and excess oil collection device 12, and fueller is used for oil
The oil inlet injection machine oil of road see-through model 8, excess oil collection device 12 are used to collect from the outflow of 8 oil outlet of oil duct see-through model
Machine oil and sprayed from fueller but be not injected into the machine oil of 8 oil inlet of oil duct see-through model；The oil duct see-through model 8 is institute
Oil duct in piston scale model is studied, based on the theory of similarity, by controlling Reynolds number is constant to be amplified to oil duct, can be carried out
High-precision observation.The oil duct see-through model 8 of experiment is all circular in terms of top surface, but cross sectional shape can be wanted with design
Ask change.
The control and measuring system include host computer, slave computer, high-speed photography equipment 10, and host computer is and slave computer
Connection, instructs for being transmitted to slave computer, and slave computer is connected with high-speed photography equipment 10, fueller, servo motor device 15,
For controlling high-speed photography equipment 10, fueller, servo motor device 15 to perform the instruction of host computer and setting high-speed photography
Standby 10, fueller, the status data of servo motor device 15 feed back to host computer, and high-speed photography equipment 10 is used to shoot oil duct
Machine oil oscillatory condition in see-through model 8.
Further, the crank length adjusting device 2 include handwheel 16, sliding screw 17, nut 29, bearing 27,
Sleeve 26, thrust baffle ring or double nut fixed standard part 28；Sleeve 26 is installed in the mounting hole in the left side of rack 1, bearing 27
Inside sleeve 26, nut 29 is installed on 27 inner ring of bearing, and axial restraint, thrust baffle ring or double nut fixed standard part
28 are fixed on nut 29, and sliding screw 17 is connected with 29 inner thread of nut, and 17 left end of sliding screw is connected with handwheel 16, right
End is connected with the left end of variable toggle 14, by rotating handwheel 16, changes the axial location of sliding screw 17, so that
Variable toggle 14 is promoted to move.During operating, due to 29 self-locking of sliding screw 17 and nut, sliding screw 17 and
Nut 29 is rotated with variable toggle 14 as a whole；When needing to adjust crank length, fixing nut 29, rotates handwheel
16, change the axial location of sliding screw 17, so as to promote variable toggle 14 to move.The sliding screw 17
There is throw of crankshaft scale value on shaft, for determining the radius of crank in current variable toggle 14.By rotating hand
Wheel 16, changes the axial location of sliding screw 17, so as to promote variable toggle 14 to move.
Further, the variable toggle 14 includes left crank 25, rod journal 24, right crank 23, left
The left end of crank 25 is connected with crank length adjusting device 2, and the right end of left crank 25 is connected with the left end of rod journal 24, connecting rod
The right end of axle journal 24 is connected with the left end of right crank 23, and the right end of right crank 23 is connected with right trunnion 21, rod journal 24
The connecting rod 13 of middle part and top connects, and the mandril guiding mechanism includes top stem casing 19 and mandril block set 20, mandril 11 and machine
Frame 1 is slidably connected by the guiding mechanism, and mandril block set 20 is located at the mounting hole on 1 top of rack, and top stem casing 19 is installed on
Inside mandril block set 20,11 lower end of mandril is stretched into inside rack 1 after passing through top stem casing 19, the free skating in top stem casing 19 of mandril 11
Dynamic, mandril 11 and the alloy steel making of top stem casing 19, grind by retrofit and pairing, ensure rational gap, gap mistake
Greatly, easy oil leak and guiding inaccuracy；Gap is too small, unfavorable to lubricating, easily stuck.The lower end of mandril 11 sets engaging lug, even
Lug is equipped with pin hole, and 13 upper end of connecting rod is small end of connecting rod, and lower end is big end, and small end of connecting rod is equipped with pin hole, is worn by pin
The pin hole on pin hole and small end of connecting rod on engaging lug is crossed, connecting rod 13 is rotatablely connected with mandril 11, the big end of connecting rod 13
It is rotatablely connected with the middle part of the rod journal 24 of lower end, as shown in figure 3, specially 24 direct horizontal direction of rod journal passes through company
Bore on the big end of bar 13.The constraint of bore on the big end of connecting rod 13 ensures 24 center line of rod journal and the right side
21 centerline parallel of axle journal, realizes correct piston motion rule.The variable toggle 14 has at 4 at crank throw
Rotation connection, the crank length adjusting device 2 can adjust bent axle one end axial location by worm drive, and bent axle is another
Axial restraint is held, realizes crank length step-less adjustment；Lubricating system is immersed in oil sump for the crank portion point, or passes through attaching
Disc splash lubrication on bent axle.Mandril 11 and the engaging lug of test specimen mounting platform 9, lower end are rigidly connected.
Further, the variable toggle 14 further includes the vibrating balancer 22 of left and right ends, left end
The left end of vibrating balancer 22 be connected with crank length adjusting device 2, right end is connected with the left end of left crank 25, right end
The left end of vibrating balancer 22 is connected with the right end of right crank 23, and right end is connected with right trunnion 21.The vibration balancing
Device 22 includes being fixed on left crank 25, the disk on 23 bent axle of right crank and the balance weight being fixed on disk, and described is flat
Weighing apparatus block quality and position are determined by Force Calculation.Vibrating balancer 22, left crank 25, the rod journal of the left end
24th, right crank 23, the vibrating balancer 22 of right end are hinged, and actual variable crank is achieved when rotating handwheel 16 and is connected
14 length change of linkage.By arranging vibrating balancer 22 to uneven reciprocal inertia force and centrifugation inertia in bent axle offside
Power is into action balance.
Further, the fueller includes fuel reserve tank 3, high-pressure oil pump 4, Oil pump electrical machinery 5, accumulator 6, atomizer
7, wherein high-pressure oil pump 4 is connected with fuel reserve tank 3, Oil pump electrical machinery 5, accumulator 6 respectively, and accumulator 6 is connected with atomizer 7, oil spout
Mouth 7 is adjusted by atomizer apparatus for adjusting position to be directed at 8 oil inlet of oil duct see-through model.The fueller passes through pressure accumulation
Device 6 combines control system output steady pressure machine oil.Machine oil enters 6 voltage stabilizing of accumulator through high-pressure oil pump 4, finally from atomizer 7
Spray；The electronic control injection valve that control controls the rotating speed of high-pressure oil pump motor 5 and be installed on atomizer 7 with measuring system is opened and closed, and
Relief valve is to stablize accumulator pressure to experiment value before control accumulator 6.
Further, the atomizer apparatus for adjusting position includes the identical adjusting of three structures linking together
Device, is respectively that Z axis includes guide rail and sleeve to adjuster 41, X axis adjuster 42, Y-axis adjuster 43, each adjuster,
Guide rail sleeve is in sleeve, and the corresponding position of guide rail sleeve and sleeve is equipped with threaded hole, and Z axis is to adjuster 41, X axis adjuster
42nd, Y-axis adjuster 43 passes through being bolted together through threaded hole.Atomizer 7 is fixed on oil spout mouth position and adjusts dress
Put, the atomizer apparatus for adjusting position adjusts 7 three sides of atomizer by the guide rail of tri- dimensions of space coordinates XYZ
To position.
Further, the excess oil collection device 12 includes upper casing 30, lower casing 31, cavity 32, fuel-displaced collecting pipe
33rd, oily collecting pipe 34, oil spout oil circuit 35, louver(-vre) 36 are not injected into, upper casing 30 and the test specimen mounting platform 9 on top are fixed on one
Rise and its entrance is connected with the oil outlet of oil duct see-through model 8, lower casing 31 is located at upper 30 lower end of casing and between upper casing 30
Gap coordinates, and middle baffle plate 37 is contained in lower casing 31, and the cavity 32 with louver(-vre) 36 is installed on the outside of lower casing 31 and in-between
Equipped with intermediate bulkhead 40, louver(-vre) 36 connects air, and lower casing 31 is divided into two babinets in left and right by middle baffle plate 37, from oil duct
The machine oil of 8 oil outlet of see-through model outflow flows through the left box body for entering case 31 of trapping after casing 30, sprayed from fueller but
Be not injected into 8 oil inlet of oil duct see-through model machine oil splash on the wall of casing 30 and lower casing 31 after, under the effect of gravity
The right case of lower casing 31 is fallen into, cavity 32 is divided into two cavitys in left and right by intermediate bulkhead 40, the left box body of lower casing 31
Bottom is equipped with the left side square hole 39 connected with 32 left chamber body of cavity, and the bottom of the right case of lower casing 31 is equipped with and 32 right chamber of cavity
The right side square hole 38 of body connection, fuel-displaced collecting pipe 33 are connected with 32 left chamber body of cavity, and it is right with cavity 32 to be not injected into oily collecting pipe 34
Cavity connects.
Engine oil flow process is that machine oil is supplied to atomizer 7, the 8 oil inlet spray of alignment oil duct see-through model from oil spout oil circuit 35
Go out：The machine oil sprayed into inside oil duct see-through model 8 is vibrated with model, is finally flowed out from 8 oil outlet of oil duct see-through model, is passed through
The collection of upper casing 30 and lower casing 31, enters 32 right side insulating space of cavity, finally by fuel-displaced collecting pipe 33 by square hole 38
It flow to measuring container；And the machine oil for being not injected into clean oil cavity mold type 8 is sprayed then directly by upper casing 30 and lower casing from nozzle
After 31 collection, 32 left side insulating space of cavity is flow to by square hole 39, is most drained afterwards through being not injected into oily collecting pipe 34.Due to chamber
Transom 36 is both provided with the top of 32 left and right sides insulating space of body and connects atmospheric pressure, upper casing 30 and lower 31 relative motion of casing
Its air pressure inside is close to atmospheric pressure during journey so that the 8 oil inlet and outlet air pressure of oil duct see-through model is close to crankcase actual pressure（Connect
It is bordering on atmospheric pressure）, avoid the problem of high influence oil outlet of existing oil collecting technology oil outlet pressure is fuel-displaced.
The section of the middle baffle plate 37 is crank shape.Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 is 12 front view of excess oil collection device and B-B
Sectional view：In order to avoid mandril 11 and atomizer 7 are interfered, mandril is arranged as shown in figure 9,37 section of middle baffle plate is crank throw shape
Shape, gap is left between upper casing 30 and lower casing 31, avoids producing friction during relative motion.
The host computer is industrial personal computer, and slave computer is P LC.
The test method of oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator, comprises the following steps in a kind of internal combustion engine：
Step 1：According to studied type length of connecting rod, simplified connecting rod 13 is produced, by connecting rod 13 and 24 company of rotation of rod journal
Connect；Then analogue crank length is adjusted to actual type crank length by rotating handwheel 16；Connecting rod 13 and mandril 11 are rotated
Connection；Install and keep variable toggle 14 to be located at bottom dead center position；And mandril 11 passes through mandril Guiding machine with rack 1
Structure is slidably connected, and ensures 11 verticality of mandril by the mandril guiding mechanism；
Step 2：According to studied oil duct in piston structure, by the theory of similarity, oil duct see-through model 8 is made；Pacify in testpieces
Oil duct inlet and outlet position correspondence drilling on assembling platform 9, is fixed on 9 top of test specimen mounting platform by oil duct see-through model 8, adjusts spray
The position of oil nozzle 7 makes its 8 oil inlet of face oil duct see-through model；
Step 3：Start Oil pump electrical machinery 5, after 6 pressure of accumulator reach experiment value and it is constant after, open atomizer solenoid valve, spray
Oil nozzle 7 sprays high-pressure oil to 8 oil inlet of oil duct see-through model, and machine oil sprays into when observation clean oil cavity mold type is still in lower dead center
Situation；
Step 4：Order is sent by host computer, slave computer control servo motor device 15 starts, and makes variable toggle
14 steady runnings under certain rotating speed, so as to drive the oil duct of test specimen mounting platform 9 and its top saturating by connecting rod 13, mandril 11
Bright model 8 is pressed given rule and is moved back and forth；
Step 5：After 30 seconds, the movement of 8 inner engine oil of oil duct see-through model changes in stable periodicity, starts high-speed photography equipment 10,
Shooting record is carried out to machine oil oscillatory condition in oil duct see-through model 8；
Step 6：After five minutes, end is observed and recorded, stops oil spout and simultaneously closes off servo motor device 15；Host computer is to collecting
Data analyzed, obtain in oil road see-through model 8 machine oil vibration distribution situation and the oil duct be averaged machine oil percent of pass；
Step 7：Oil spout temperature, the injection pressure of high-pressure oil pump 4 and servo in oil supply system are changed by control and measuring system
The rotating speed of electric machine 15, the experimental data under different operating modes is drawn by experiment.
Powertrain output of the present invention connects variable toggle 14, is driven by variable toggle 14
Mandril 11 and oil duct see-through model 8 move back and forth at a high speed under 1 guiding mechanism of rack guiding.Cooling machine oil is made in high-pressure oil pump 4
Flowed out under from fuel reserve tank 3, into 6 voltage stabilizing of accumulator, be finally ejected to oil duct see-through model from atomizer 7 with constant pressure
8 oil inlets, are collected finally by excess oil collection device 12.The control has high-speed photography equipment with measuring system,
The Oscillation Flows state of 8 intracavitary machine oil of oil duct see-through model is observed and recorded；The system is using industrial personal computer as upper at the same time
Machine, as slave computer to 15 rotating speed of servo motor device, injection pressure in oil supply system, oil spout flow and temperature etc. carry out PLC
Measurement and control.Simulation accuracy of the present invention is high, versatile, dynamic simulation oil duct in piston machine oil Oscillation Flows distribution,
Simultaneously measurable atomizer oil spout performance, foundation is provided for piston optimization design.
When studying actual internal combustion engine inner-cooling oil recess, it is necessary to according to actual inner-cooling oil reservoir structure and similar reason
Oil duct see-through model 8 is made by the definite magnification ratio factor, and is turned according to the injection velocity that the theory of similarity determines and engine
Speed is tested.Also need to make simplified connecting rod 13 according to actual type length of connecting rod before experiment, and song is adjusted by handwheel 16
Handle length is to actual type value.
The embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail above in association with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Embodiment, within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art, can also be before present inventive concept not be departed from
Put that various changes can be made.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in internal combustion engine, it is characterised in that including：Main body oscillating mechanism, is moved Force system, fuel feeding and excess oil collection system, control and measuring system；Wherein：The main body oscillating mechanism includes rack（1）, crank length adjusting device（2）, mandril guiding mechanism, connecting rod（13）、 Variable toggle（14）, mandril（11）, test specimen mounting platform（9）, oil duct see-through model（8）, right trunnion（21）；Rack（1）Left side, right side, top offer mounting hole, crank length adjusting device（2）Through rack（1）A left side After the mounting hole of side with rack（1）Internal variable toggle（14）Left side connection, right trunnion（21）Through machine Frame（1）After the mounting hole on right side with variable toggle（14）Right side connection, right trunnion（21）By rack（1）It is axial It is fixed, rack（1）Mandril guiding mechanism, test specimen mounting platform are equipped with the mounting hole of top（9）It is fixed on rack（1）Just on Side, mandril（11）Upper end and test specimen mounting platform（9）Connection, lower end pass through mandril guiding mechanism after with rack（1）Internal Connecting rod（13）Upper end connection, connecting rod（13）Lower end and variable toggle（14）Upper end connection, crank length tune Regulating device（2）It is used for realization variable toggle（14）Length adjustment；The oil duct see-through model（8）With oil inlet Mouth and oil outlet；The dynamical system includes servo motor device（15）, servo motor device（15）Motor output shaft（18）With right master Axle journal（21）Connection, servo motor device（15）Pass through right trunnion（21）Drive variable toggle（14）Reciprocal fortune It is dynamic, and then variable toggle（14）Drive connecting rod（13）Pump；The fuel feeding and excess oil collection system include fueller and excess oil collection device（12）, fueller is used for oil duct See-through model（8）Oil inlet injection machine oil, excess oil collection device（12）For collecting from oil duct see-through model（8）Oil outlet stream The machine oil that goes out and sprayed from fueller but be not injected into oil duct see-through model（8）The machine oil of oil inlet；The control includes host computer, slave computer, high-speed photography equipment with measuring system（10）, host computer is to connect with slave computer Connect, instructed for being transmitted to slave computer, slave computer and high-speed photography equipment（10）, fueller, servo motor device（15）Even Connect, for controlling high-speed photography equipment（10）, fueller, servo motor device（15）Perform the instruction of host computer and by a high speed Photographic equipment（10）, fueller, servo motor device（15）Status data feed back to host computer, high-speed photography equipment（10） For shooting oil duct see-through model（8）Middle machine oil oscillatory condition.
- 2. oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described Crank length adjusting device（2）Including handwheel（16）, sliding screw（17）, nut（29）, bearing（27）, sleeve（26）, thrust Baffle ring or double nut fixed standard part（28）；Sleeve（26）Installed in rack（1）Left side mounting hole in, bearing（27）Installation In sleeve（26）Inside, nut（29）It is installed on bearing（27）Inner ring, and axial restraint, thrust baffle ring or double nut fixed standard Part（28）It is fixed on nut（29）On, sliding screw（17）With nut（29）Inner thread connects, sliding screw（17）Left end with Handwheel（16）Connection, right end and variable toggle（14）Left end connection, by rotating handwheel（16）, change and slide spiral shell Bar（17）Axial location, so as to promote variable toggle（14）Movement.
- 3. oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described Variable toggle（14）Including left crank（25）, rod journal（24）, right crank（23）, left crank（25）Left end with Crank length adjusting device（2）Connection, left crank（25）Right end and rod journal（24）Left end connection, rod journal（24） Right end and right crank（23）Left end connection, right crank（23）Right end and right trunnion（21）Connection, rod journal（24） Middle part and top connecting rod（13）Connection, the mandril guiding mechanism include top stem casing（19）With mandril block set（20）, top Stem casing seat（20）Positioned at rack（1）At the mounting hole on top, top stem casing（19）Installed in mandril block set（20）Inside, mandril（11） Lower end passes through top stem casing（19）After stretch into rack（1）Inside, mandril（11）In top stem casing（19）In free to slide, mandril（11）'s Lower end sets engaging lug, and engaging lug is equipped with pin hole, connecting rod（13）Upper end is small end of connecting rod, and lower end is big end, small end of connecting rod Equipped with pin hole, by pin through the pin hole on the pin hole and small end of connecting rod on engaging lug, make connecting rod（13）With mandril（11）Rotate Connection, connecting rod（13）Big end and lower end rod journal（24）Middle part rotation connection.
- 4. oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in internal combustion engine according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described Variable toggle（14）Further include the vibrating balancer of left and right ends（22）, the vibrating balancer of left end（22）'s Left end and crank length adjusting device（2）Connection, right end and left crank（25）Left end connection, the vibrating balancer of right end （22）Left end and right crank（23）Right end connection, right end and right trunnion（21）Connection.
- 5. oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described Fueller includes fuel reserve tank（3）, high-pressure oil pump（4）, Oil pump electrical machinery（5）, accumulator（6）, atomizer（7）, wherein high pressure oil Pump（4）Respectively with fuel reserve tank（3）, Oil pump electrical machinery（5）, accumulator（6）Connection, accumulator（6）With atomizer（7）Connection, oil spout Mouth（7）Adjusted by atomizer apparatus for adjusting position to be directed at oil duct see-through model（8）Oil inlet.
- 6. oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in internal combustion engine according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described Atomizer apparatus for adjusting position includes the identical adjuster of three structures linking together, is respectively Z axis to adjuster（41）、 X axis adjuster（42）, Y-axis adjuster（43）, each adjuster includes guide rail and sleeve, and guide rail sleeve is led in sleeve Rail covers and the corresponding position of sleeve is equipped with threaded hole, and Z axis is to adjuster（41）, X axis adjuster（42）, Y-axis adjuster （43）Pass through being bolted together through threaded hole.
- 7. oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described Excess oil collection device（12）Including upper casing（30）, lower casing（31）, cavity（32）, fuel-displaced collecting pipe（33）, be not injected into oily receipts Collector（34）, oil spout oil circuit（35）, louver(-vre)（36）, upper casing（30）With the test specimen mounting platform on top（9）It is fixed together And its entrance and oil duct see-through model（8）Oil outlet connection, lower casing（31）Positioned at upper casing（30）Lower end and with upper casing （30）Clearance fit, lower casing（31）Inside contain middle baffle plate（37）, band louver(-vre)（36）Cavity（32）Installed in lower casing （31）Outside and intermediate bulkhead is equipped among it（40）, louver(-vre)（36）Connect air, middle baffle plate（37）By lower casing（31） Two babinets in left and right are divided into, from oil duct see-through model（8）The machine oil of oil outlet outflow flows through casing（30）Enter afterwards and trap Case（31）Left box body, sprayed from fueller but be not injected into oil duct see-through model（8）The machine oil of oil inlet splashes casing （30）With lower casing（31）Wall on after, fall under gravity into lower casing（31）Right case, intermediate bulkhead（40）Will Cavity（32）It is divided into two cavitys in left and right, lower casing（31）The bottom of left box body be equipped with and cavity（32）The connection of left chamber body Left side square hole（39）, lower casing（31）The bottom of right case be equipped with and cavity（32）The right side square hole of right chamber body connection（38）, Fuel-displaced collecting pipe（33）With cavity（32）Left chamber body connects, and is not injected into oily collecting pipe（34）With cavity（32）Right chamber body connects.
- 8. oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in internal combustion engine according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Described Middle baffle plate（37）Section be crank shape.
- 9. oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in internal combustion engine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described Host computer is industrial personal computer, and slave computer is P LC.
- 10. the test method of oil cooling passage Oscillation Flows simulator in a kind of internal combustion engine, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：Step 1：According to studied type length of connecting rod, simplified connecting rod is produced（13）, by connecting rod（13）With rod journal（24） Rotation connection；Then by rotating handwheel（16）Analogue crank length is adjusted to actual type crank length；By connecting rod（13）With Mandril（11）Rotation connection；Install and keep variable toggle（14）Positioned at bottom dead center position；And mandril（11）With machine Frame（1）It is slidably connected by mandril guiding mechanism, mandril is ensured by the mandril guiding mechanism（11）Verticality；Step 2：According to studied oil duct in piston structure, by the theory of similarity, oil duct see-through model is made（8）；In testpieces Mounting platform（9）Upper oil duct inlet and outlet position correspondence drilling, by oil duct see-through model（8）It is fixed on test specimen mounting platform（9）On Portion, adjusts atomizer（7）Position make its face oil duct see-through model（8）Oil inlet；Step 3：Start Oil pump electrical machinery（5）, treat accumulator（6）Pressure reach experiment value and it is constant after, open atomizer electromagnetism Valve, atomizer（7）To oil duct see-through model（8）Oil inlet sprays high-pressure oil, and observation clean oil cavity mold type is still in lower dead center When machine oil spray into situation；Step 4：Order, slave computer control servo motor device are sent by host computer（15）Start, make variable crank connecting link machine Structure（14）The steady running under certain rotating speed, so as to pass through connecting rod（13）, mandril（11）Drive test specimen mounting platform（9）And thereon The oil duct see-through model of side（8）Moved back and forth by given rule；Step 5：After 30 seconds, oil duct see-through model（8）Inner engine oil movement changes in stable periodicity, starts high-speed photography equipment （10）, to oil duct see-through model（8）Middle machine oil oscillatory condition carries out shooting record；Step 6：After five minutes, end is observed and recorded, stops oil spout and simultaneously closes off servo motor device（15）；Host computer is to receiving The data of collection are analyzed, and obtain oil road see-through model（8）Middle machine oil vibration distribution situation and the oil duct are averaged machine oil percent of pass；Step 7：Oil spout temperature, high-pressure oil pump in oil supply system are changed by control and measuring system（4）Injection pressure and watch Take electric machine（15）Rotating speed, experimental data under different operating modes is drawn by experiment.
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Inventor after: Lei Jilin Inventor after: Deng Xiwen Inventor after: Yang Haixiang Inventor after: Chen Kang Inventor after: Jia Dewen Inventor after: Shen Lizhong Inventor after: Deng Wei Inventor after: Song Guofu Inventor after: Yang Changwu Inventor before: Lei Jilin Inventor before: Deng Xiwen Inventor before: Yang Haixiang Inventor before: Chen Kang Inventor before: Jia Dewen Inventor before: Shen Lizhong |
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Effective date of registration: 20230608 Address after: 650093 No. 253, Xuefu Road, Wuhua District, Yunnan, Kunming Patentee after: Kunming University of Science and Technology Patentee after: KUNMING YUNNEI POWER Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: SHENZHEN GRACE OF INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS Co.,Ltd. Address before: 650093 No. 253, Xuefu Road, Wuhua District, Yunnan, Kunming Patentee before: Kunming University of Science and Technology |