CN112781883B - Visual device for engine oil movement condition in piston inner cooling oil cavity - Google Patents
Visual device for engine oil movement condition in piston inner cooling oil cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN112781883B CN112781883B CN202110066018.1A CN202110066018A CN112781883B CN 112781883 B CN112781883 B CN 112781883B CN 202110066018 A CN202110066018 A CN 202110066018A CN 112781883 B CN112781883 B CN 112781883B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/02—Details or accessories of testing apparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/042—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring a single specific parameter not covered by groups G01M15/06 - G01M15/12
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an engine oil movement condition visualization device in a cold oil cavity in a piston, which comprises a piston movement simulation device, an engine posture simulation device and an engine oil injection device. The piston motion simulation device comprises a computer, a cylinder pressure sensor, an electromagnetic valve, a high-pressure air source, a piston, a crankshaft, a connecting rod and a driving motor, and can simulate the influence of second-order movement of the piston on the gesture of a cold oil cavity in the piston under the driving of combustion pressure by adjusting the change of the cylinder pressure and the movement speed of the crankshaft connecting rod. The engine posture simulation device comprises a machine body, a bracket and an excitation table, and can adjust the posture of the machine body and apply excitation signals. The engine oil injection device comprises an oil temperature regulator, an engine oil tank, an oil pump, a pressure regulating valve, an engine oil nozzle, a flowmeter and a sliding guide rail lifting platform, and can realize multi-parameter regulation of oil temperature, oil injection pressure and engine oil nozzle posture. And a camera is used for shooting the movement condition of engine oil entering the cold oil cavity in the piston, so that the visual observation of the movement condition of the engine oil is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engine piston tests, and particularly relates to a visual device for engine oil movement in a piston inner cooling oil cavity.
Background
In recent years, in order to adapt to the development of high-power diesel engine, the requirements on the power density and the high-efficiency cleaning of the internal combustion engine are continuously improved, higher gas pressure is generated in a limited piston cylinder, so that the combustion explosion pressure is continuously improved, the problem in the cylinder is continuously aggravated, higher requirements are put on the heat damage resistance and the engine oil cooling capacity of the piston, the output power of the diesel engine is greatly influenced by the heat load born by the piston, and the cooling of the piston is a serious concern in the internal combustion engine industry. In most heavy-medium diesel engines, the strengthening degree of the internal combustion engine is continuously improved, and the piston not only bears the periodical thermal shock of high-temperature fuel gas, but also has higher requirements on the structure and strength of the piston due to the mechanical loads such as fuel gas pressure, inertia force, side impact force, friction force and the like. Therefore, a test platform capable of testing the cooling capacity of the piston under different working conditions is needed.
In order to optimize the thermal management of the piston under higher power rise, the piston is cooled more efficiently, the requirement of safe and reliable operation of the piston at high temperature is met, and the traditional oil injection cooling mode cannot be met. In the existing design, most heavy-medium diesel engines adopt a mode of oscillating heat exchange of an inner cooling oil cavity of a piston to cool the piston, and the piston is used as a more efficient enhanced heat transfer mode, so that 50% -60% of heat carried by the piston can be taken away through the inner cooling oil cavity.
However, for the effective flow of engine oil injected into the cooling oil cavity of the piston under different running postures and vibration conditions of the vehicle, and the actual situation of heat exchange efficiency of the piston, the simulation implementation is still needed, and no suitable experimental observation device exists. If the position and the injection quantity of the engine oil nozzle can be optimally designed, the oscillation heat exchange of the internal cooling oil cavity can be more efficiently utilized, so that the piston is in a good working state at all times, the service life of the piston is prolonged, the working reliability of the internal combustion engine is improved, the power density of the internal combustion engine is further improved, and a foundation is laid for the development of more efficient energy-saving diesel machinery.
The existing research on dynamic targeting test of the piston only can realize single-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the positions of the piston and the engine oil nozzle, the external visual of the piston and the engine oil nozzle after being independently processed cannot simulate the influence of second-order movement of the piston on the posture of the engine oil chamber in the piston under the driving of combustion pressure, the influence of pitching and rolling postures of the internal combustion engine and high-frequency excitation on the engine oil chamber in the piston under different using conditions cannot be simulated, and the previous work is observation and analysis under ideal laboratory conditions, so that the requirement on the heat dissipation of the piston cannot be met in industry. In order to deeply study the influence of oil oscillation heat exchange, a new test device is necessary to be designed, so that the requirement of cooling oil flow observation under multiple working conditions is met, and a basis is provided for the comparative analysis of the cooling capacities of different types of internal cooling oil cavities.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs a visual device for the movement condition of engine oil in an internal cooling oil cavity of a piston in order to make up the limitations of the test device.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a visual device for the movement condition of engine oil in an internal cooling oil cavity of a piston comprises a piston movement simulation device and an engine oil injection device; the piston motion simulation device comprises a box-shaped engine body and a driving motor, wherein the top of the engine body is provided with an opening, a cylindrical cylinder sleeve is fixed in the engine body, a cylinder cover is covered at the opening of the top of the engine body, a piston is positioned in the cylinder sleeve, an internal cooling oil cavity is arranged in the piston, the piston is hinged with a crankshaft through a connecting rod, the driving motor is positioned outside the engine body, and an output shaft of the driving motor extends into the engine body and is connected with the crankshaft; the cylinder cover is provided with a cylinder pressure sensor, the cylinder cover is also provided with an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve A, the air inlet end of the air inlet pipeline is connected with a high-pressure air source, the air outlet pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve B, and the air outlet end of the air outlet pipeline is communicated with the external environment; the electromagnetic valve A, the electromagnetic valve B and the cylinder pressure sensor are all connected with a computer; the engine oil injection device comprises an engine oil tank and an engine oil nozzle, an oil pump is arranged in the engine oil tank, an oil outlet pipe is connected to the oil pump, the end part of the oil outlet pipe extends into the engine body, the engine oil nozzle is arranged at the end part of the oil outlet pipe, the bottom of the engine body is connected with an oil return pipe, and the oil return pipe is connected to the engine oil tank; the machine body, the cylinder sleeve, the piston and the cylinder cover are processed by adopting transparent materials; the cameras are arranged on the top and the side face of the engine body, so that multidimensional observation of the movement condition of engine oil entering the inner cooling oil cavity of the piston is realized.
The computer cooperates with the cylinder pressure sensor to adjust the opening of the electromagnetic valve A and the electromagnetic valve B in real time, the pressure condition of the cylinder under different strokes is simulated by controlling the inlet and the outlet of high-pressure gas, the piston, the crankshaft connecting rod and the driving motor are connected, and the driving motor is used for dragging the crankshaft connecting rod backwards so as to realize the reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder. The piston motion simulation device controls the reciprocating motion speed of the piston through the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, and the electromagnetic valve controls the pressure change at the top of the piston to simulate the impact of high-pressure gas on the piston, so that the simulation of the second-order motion of the piston is realized. The cylinder cover is externally connected with an air inlet high-pressure air channel and an air outlet high-pressure air channel, the high-pressure air channel is connected with two electromagnetic valves, the air channel where the electromagnetic valve A is positioned is connected with a high-pressure air source, the air channel where the electromagnetic valve B is positioned is communicated with the external environment, the high-pressure air source is used for providing high-pressure air, the external environment is used for releasing the pressure in the cylinder, and the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the on-off of the air channel. The reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder is realized by the driving motor dragging the crankshaft connecting rod backwards. An engine oil nozzle in the engine oil injection device injects engine oil to the piston, the engine oil enters an inner cooling oil cavity to cool the piston, and a camera observes the engine oil movement condition in the inner cooling oil cavity.
The visual device for the movement of the engine oil in the cold oil cavity in the piston further comprises a pressure regulating valve and a flowmeter, wherein the flowmeter is arranged below the engine oil nozzle, the pressure regulating valve is arranged on the oil outlet pipe, and the pressure regulating valve is further connected with a computer. The computer controls the oil injection pressure through the pressure regulating valve.
The oil movement condition visualization device in the cold oil cavity in the piston further comprises an oil temperature regulator, and the oil temperature regulator heats the oil tank and controls the oil temperature. .
The engine oil spraying device further comprises a sliding guide rail lifting table, the sliding guide rail lifting table comprises a sliding guide rail and a lifting table, the sliding guide rail is arranged on the engine body, the lifting table is fixed on the sliding guide rail in a sliding mode, and the engine oil nozzle is fixed on the lifting table. The lifting platform can move in the vertical direction, and the lifting platform can also move in the horizontal direction on the sliding guide rail to adjust the position of the engine oil nozzle in multiple degrees of freedom.
According to the visual device for the engine oil movement condition in the inner cooling oil cavity of the piston, the base of the sliding guide rail is rotationally locked on the mounting hole of the engine body, can rotate around the central shaft of the mounting hole and is fixed through the locking nut, so that the adjustment of the oil injection dip angle is realized. The final engine oil injection device can adjust engine oil injection parameters such as different injection postures, oil temperature, oil injection pressure and the like.
The engine attitude simulation device comprises a support and an excitation table, the engine body is hinged with the support, the support is fixed on the excitation table, hydraulic cylinders are arranged below the excitation table, the engine body can adjust inclination angles around the support, and the excitation table can adjust pitching angles through the matching of the two hydraulic cylinders so as to simulate different attitudes of the engine. The vibration excitation parameters of the vibration excitation table can be adjusted to simulate the vibration states of the internal combustion engine under different use conditions, and the adjustable vibration excitation parameters are as follows: vibration waveform, frequency, amplitude.
The visual observation device for the engine oil movement condition in the inner cooling oil cavity of the piston realizes visual research on the engine oil movement condition in the inner cooling oil cavity of the piston under the drive of simulated combustion pressure by adjusting the pressure change in the cylinder. The engine oil injection parameters such as different injection postures, oil temperatures, oil injection pressures and the like can be adjusted, and a test platform is provided for realizing optimal solutions of engine oil nozzle positions and oil injection strategies. Meanwhile, different excitation signals can be applied to the test platform, the flowing effect of the cooling engine oil under complex road conditions is observed, and data support is provided for the heat dissipation effect of the piston under multiple conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: the hydraulic oil cylinder, the excitation table, the oil temperature regulator, the oil pump, the oil tank, the oil outlet pipe, the oil return pipe, the pressure regulating valve, the oil nozzle, the oil flow meter, the sliding guide rail lifting table, the locking nut, the connecting rod, the crank shaft, the driving motor, the computer, the high-pressure air source, the electromagnetic valve A, the electromagnetic valve B, the cylinder sleeve, the piston, the cylinder cover, the cylinder pressure sensor, the internal cooling oil cavity, the bracket and the camera.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to fig. 1 and the embodiments.
The visual observation device for the engine oil oscillation condition in the piston internal cooling oil cavity is shown in the structure sketch of fig. 1, and consists of a hydraulic oil cylinder 1, an excitation table 2, an oil temperature regulator 3, an oil pump 4, an oil tank 5, an oil outlet pipe 6, an oil return pipe 7, a pressure regulating valve 8, an engine oil nozzle 9, a flowmeter 10, a sliding guide lifting table 11, a lock nut 12, a connecting rod 13, a crankshaft 14, a driving motor 15, a computer 16, a high-pressure air source 17, an electromagnetic valve A18, an electromagnetic valve B19, a cylinder sleeve 20, a piston 21, a cylinder cover 22, a cylinder pressure sensor 23, an internal cooling oil cavity 24, a machine body 25, a bracket 26 and a camera 27.
Excitation stand 2: the pitching angle is adjusted by left and right matching of the hydraulic cylinder 1 below, and different excitation signals are applied to the test platform.
Sliding guide elevating platform 11: the engine oil nozzle 9 is installed on the elevating platform, and the elevating platform can carry out altitude mixture control to the engine oil nozzle 9, and the elevating platform can slide along the sliding guide, and the sliding guide can rotate around organism 25.
Driving motor 15: and performing a piston back-dragging test at different rotating speeds.
High pressure air source 17: high pressure gas is provided to simulate in-cylinder pressure conditions during combustion.
Solenoid valve a18, solenoid valve B19: the opening of the solenoid valve is controlled by the computer 16 to control the gas pressure in the cylinder.
Cylinder pressure sensor 23: embedded in the cylinder head 22, monitors in-cylinder pressure and transmits data to the computer 16.
The bracket 26: is fixed on the excitation table 2 to adjust the inclination angle and the posture of the machine body. The inclination angle posture can be adjusted manually or by a driving device such as a motor.
The piston motion simulation device in the figure 1 controls the reciprocating motion speed of the piston through a crankshaft connecting rod, and the electromagnetic valve controls the pressure change at the top of the piston to simulate the impact of high-pressure gas on the piston, so that the simulation of the second-order motion of the piston is realized. The cylinder cover is externally connected with an air inlet high-pressure air channel and an air outlet high-pressure air channel, the high-pressure air channel is connected with two electromagnetic valves, the air channel where the electromagnetic valve A is positioned is connected with a high-pressure air source, the air channel where the electromagnetic valve B is positioned is communicated with the external environment, the high-pressure air source is used for providing high-pressure air, the external environment is used for releasing the pressure in the cylinder, and the electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the on-off of the air channel. The reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder is realized by the driving motor dragging the crankshaft connecting rod backwards. The method comprises the steps of processing collected cylinder pressure data in an engine by a computer, controlling the opening of an electromagnetic valve in real time by matching with data feedback of a cylinder pressure sensor, simulating the conditions of cylinder pressure in different strokes by controlling the inlet and the outlet of high-pressure gas, and controlling the reciprocating motion of a piston by using a crankshaft connecting rod, so as to observe the influence of the reciprocating motion of the piston containing second-order motion on the engine oil motion condition in a cold oil cavity in the piston.
The engine oil injection device is connected with the engine oil tank through the oil temperature regulator, the engine oil temperature is regulated, the engine oil is conveyed to the engine oil nozzle through the oil outlet pipe by the oil pump in the engine oil tank, the pressure regulating valve is arranged on the oil outlet pipe, and the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve is controlled by the computer to perform comparison analysis under parameters such as different oil temperatures, oil injection pressures and the like. The engine oil nozzle is arranged on the sliding guide rail lifting table, the lifting table can slide and lift on the guide rail, the height and the horizontal position of the engine oil nozzle are adjusted, and the deflection angle is realized by rotating the base of the sliding guide rail. And comparing and analyzing the engine oil movement conditions in the inner cooling oil cavity under different postures, and searching the optimal position and the oil injection strategy of the engine oil nozzle.
The engine posture simulation device is characterized in that a cylinder sleeve is fixed in a machine body, the machine body is hinged with a bracket, and the bracket is fixed on an excitation table. The engine body can be used for adjusting the inclination angle posture around the support, and the vibration excitation table can be used for adjusting the pitching angle through left and right matching of the hydraulic oil cylinder so as to simulate different postures of the engine. The excitation table can apply various excitation signals, can adjust various signal parameters such as vibration waveform, frequency, amplitude and the like, is used for simulating the influence of external excitation such as road surface jolt on the cooling effect of the piston of the internal combustion engine, and performs comparison analysis under different working conditions and road conditions.
The engine body, the cylinder sleeve, the piston and the cylinder cover are processed by transparent materials, so that visual observation of engine oil movement conditions in an inner cooling oil cavity of the piston is conveniently realized, and the transparent materials are selected from glass, acrylic, acrylonitrile-styrene resin or polypropylene. The camera is used for shooting the movement condition of cooling engine oil in the cooling oil cavity in the piston, and the camera is arranged in a side-mounted and top-mounted mode, so that multidimensional observation is realized. The computer is used for reconstructing the shot image data, analyzing the flowing condition of engine oil, observing the flowing effect of cooling engine oil under complex road conditions, and providing data support for the heat dissipation capacity of the piston under multiple working conditions. The observation device is designed, and a test platform is provided for researchers in related fields.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an engine oil motion condition visualization device in interior cold oil pocket of piston which characterized in that: comprises a piston motion simulation device and an engine oil injection device; the piston motion simulation device comprises a box-shaped machine body (25) and a driving motor (15), wherein the top of the machine body (25) is provided with an opening, a cylindrical cylinder sleeve (20) is fixed inside the machine body (25), a cylinder cover (22) is covered at the top of the machine body (25), a piston (21) is positioned in the cylinder sleeve (20), an inner cooling oil cavity (24) is formed in the piston (21), the piston (21) is hinged with a crankshaft (14) through a connecting rod (13), the driving motor (15) is positioned outside the machine body (25), and an output shaft of the driving motor (15) extends into the machine body (25) and is connected with the crankshaft (14); the cylinder cover (22) is provided with a cylinder pressure sensor (23), the cylinder cover (22) is also provided with an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is provided with an electromagnetic valve A (18), the air inlet end of the air inlet pipeline is connected with a high-pressure air source (17), the air outlet pipeline is provided with an electromagnetic valve B (19), and the air outlet end of the air outlet pipeline is communicated with the external environment; the electromagnetic valve A (18), the electromagnetic valve B (19) and the cylinder pressure sensor (23) are all connected with the computer (16); the computer (16) is matched with the cylinder pressure sensor (23) to adjust the opening of the electromagnetic valve A (18) and the electromagnetic valve B (19) in real time, and the situation of the cylinder pressure under different strokes is simulated by controlling the inlet and the outlet of high-pressure gas; the engine oil injection device comprises an engine oil tank (5) and an engine oil nozzle (9), an oil pump (4) is arranged in the engine oil tank (5), an oil outlet pipe (6) is connected to the oil pump (4), the end part of the oil outlet pipe (6) stretches into the engine body (25), the engine oil nozzle (9) is arranged at the end part of the oil outlet pipe (6), an oil return pipe (7) is connected to the bottom of the engine body (25), and the oil return pipe (7) is connected to the engine oil tank (5); a transparent material is selected to process a machine body (25), a cylinder sleeve (20), a piston (21) and a cylinder cover (22); the camera (27) is arranged at the top and the side of the engine body (25), the multi-dimensional observation of the movement condition of engine oil entering the cold oil cavity in the piston is realized, the engine posture simulation device is further included, the engine posture simulation device comprises a support (26) and an excitation table (2), the engine body (25) is hinged with the support (26), the support (26) is fixed on the excitation table (2), a hydraulic cylinder (1) is arranged below the excitation table (2), the engine body (25) can adjust the inclination posture around the support (26), the excitation table (2) can adjust the pitching angle through the cooperation of the two hydraulic cylinders (1), different postures of the engine are simulated, vibration states of the internal combustion engine under different use conditions can be simulated through adjusting vibration parameters of the excitation table, and the adjustable vibration parameters are as follows: vibration waveform, frequency, amplitude, engine oil injection device still includes sliding guide elevating platform (11), and sliding guide elevating platform (11) are including sliding guide and elevating platform, and sliding guide installs on organism (25), and the elevating platform slides and fixes on sliding guide, and engine oil nozzle (9) are fixed on the elevating platform.
2. The visual device for visualizing engine oil movement in an internal cooling oil cavity of a piston according to claim 1, wherein: the engine oil injection device further comprises a pressure regulating valve (8) and a flowmeter (10), the flowmeter (10) is arranged below the engine oil nozzle (9), the pressure regulating valve (8) is arranged on the oil outlet pipe (6), and the pressure regulating valve (8) is further connected with the computer (16).
3. The visual device for visualizing engine oil movement in an internal cooling oil cavity of a piston according to claim 2, wherein: the engine oil injection device also comprises an oil temperature regulator (3), and the oil temperature regulator (3) heats the engine oil tank (5) and controls the oil temperature.
4. A visual device for visualizing movement of engine oil in a cold oil chamber in a piston as in claim 3, wherein: the base of the sliding guide rail is locked on the mounting hole of the machine body (25), can rotate around the central shaft of the mounting hole and is fixed through the locking nut (12), so that the adjustment of the oil injection dip angle is realized.
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| CN202110066018.1A CN112781883B (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Visual device for engine oil movement condition in piston inner cooling oil cavity |
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| CN114544182B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-05-26 | 北京理工大学 | Reliability detection device and test method for engine piston telemetry system |
| CN114608831B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2024-03-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Be applied to experiment table device of diesel engine piston internal temperature field survey |
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