CN112781883A - Machine oil motion condition visualization device in piston inner cooling oil cavity - Google Patents

Machine oil motion condition visualization device in piston inner cooling oil cavity Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112781883A
CN112781883A CN202110066018.1A CN202110066018A CN112781883A CN 112781883 A CN112781883 A CN 112781883A CN 202110066018 A CN202110066018 A CN 202110066018A CN 112781883 A CN112781883 A CN 112781883A
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oil
piston
engine
engine oil
cylinder
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CN112781883B (en
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李国兴
樊俊辉
吴宏宇
王铁
谷丰收
杨甜甜
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/02Details or accessories of testing apparatus
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/042Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring a single specific parameter not covered by groups G01M15/06 - G01M15/12
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02Vibration-testing by means of a shake table

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for visualizing the motion condition of engine oil in a cold oil cavity in a piston, which comprises a piston motion simulation device, an engine posture simulation device and an engine oil injection device. The piston motion simulation device comprises a computer, a cylinder pressure sensor, an electromagnetic valve, a high-pressure air source, a piston, a crankshaft, a connecting rod and a driving motor, and can simulate the influence of the second-order motion of the piston driven by combustion pressure on the posture of a cooling oil cavity in the piston by adjusting the pressure change in the cylinder and the motion speed of the crankshaft and the connecting rod. The engine attitude simulation device comprises an engine body, a support and an excitation platform, and can be used for adjusting the attitude of the engine body and applying an excitation signal. The engine oil injection device comprises an oil temperature regulator, an engine oil tank, an oil pump, a pressure regulating valve, an engine oil nozzle, a flow meter and a sliding guide rail lifting platform, and can realize multi-parameter regulation of oil temperature, oil injection pressure and engine oil nozzle posture. The camera is used for shooting the movement condition of the engine oil entering the cold oil cavity in the piston, and the visual observation of the engine oil movement condition is realized.

Description

Machine oil motion condition visualization device in piston inner cooling oil cavity
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engine piston tests, and particularly relates to a device for visualizing the motion condition of engine oil in a cold oil cavity in a piston.
Background
In recent years, in order to adapt to the development of high-power diesel machinery, the requirements on power density and high-efficiency cleaning of an internal combustion engine are continuously improved, higher gas pressure is generated in a limited piston cylinder, so that the combustion detonation pressure is continuously increased, the problem in the cylinder is continuously aggravated, higher requirements are provided for the heat damage resistance and the engine oil cooling capacity of the piston, the heat load born by the piston greatly influences the output power of the diesel engine, and the cooling of the piston is a problem of important attention in the internal combustion engine industry. In most heavy-medium diesel engines, the strengthening degree of the internal combustion engine is continuously improved, and the piston not only bears periodic thermal shock of high-temperature gas, but also puts higher demands on the piston structure and strength by mechanical loads such as gas pressure, inertia force, side impact force, friction force and the like. Therefore, a test platform capable of testing the cooling capacity of the piston under different working conditions is needed.
In order to optimize the heat management of the piston under higher power per liter, the piston is cooled more efficiently, and the requirement of safe and reliable operation of the piston at high temperature is met, the traditional oil injection cooling mode can not be met. In the existing design, most heavy-medium diesel engines adopt a mode of oscillating heat exchange of an internal cooling oil cavity of a piston to cool the piston, and as a more efficient enhanced heat transfer mode, 50% -60% of the heat borne by the piston can be taken away through the internal cooling oil cavity.
However, for the effective flow rate of engine oil injected into the piston cooling oil cavity under different running postures and vibration conditions of the vehicle and the actual condition of the piston heat exchange efficiency, simulation realization is required, and a proper test observation device is still unavailable. If the position and the injection quantity of the engine oil nozzle can be optimally designed, the oscillating heat exchange of the inner cooling oil cavity is more efficiently utilized, so that the piston is constantly in a good working state, the service life of the piston is prolonged, the working reliability of the internal combustion engine is improved, the power density of the internal combustion engine is further improved, and a foundation is laid for the development of a high-efficiency energy-saving diesel engine.
The dynamic piston target practice test of the prior research only can realize the single-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the positions of a piston and an engine oil nozzle, the external arrangement of an inner cooling oil cavity after the inner cooling oil cavity is independently processed is visible, the influence of the second-order motion of the piston driven by combustion pressure on the posture of the inner cooling oil cavity of the piston cannot be simulated, the influence of the pitching posture, the rolling posture and the high-frequency excitation of an internal combustion engine under different use working conditions on the posture of the inner cooling oil cavity of the piston cannot be simulated, the work of the predecessor is observation and analysis under the ideal condition of a laboratory, and the higher requirement of the industry on the heat dissipation of the. In order to deeply research the influence of the vibration heat exchange of the engine oil, a new test device is needed to be designed, so that the requirement of observing the flowing of the cooling engine oil under multiple working conditions is met, and a basis is provided for the comparative analysis of the cooling capacity of different types of internal cooling oil cavities.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the limitation of the testing device, the invention designs the device for visualizing the movement condition of the engine oil in the cold oil cavity in the piston.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a visualization device for engine oil movement conditions in an internal cooling oil cavity of a piston comprises a piston movement simulation device and an engine oil injection device; the piston motion simulation device comprises a box-shaped machine body and a driving motor, wherein the top of the machine body is provided with an opening, a cylindrical cylinder sleeve is fixed in the machine body, the opening at the top of the machine body is covered with the cylinder cover, a piston is positioned in the cylinder sleeve, an inner cooling oil cavity is arranged in the piston, the piston is hinged with a crankshaft through a connecting rod, the driving motor is positioned outside the machine body, and an output shaft of the driving motor extends into the machine body and is connected with the crankshaft; the cylinder cover is provided with a cylinder pressure sensor, the cylinder cover is also provided with an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve A, the air inlet end of the air inlet pipeline is connected with a high-pressure air source, the air outlet pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve B, and the air outlet end of the air outlet pipeline is communicated with the external environment; the electromagnetic valve A, the electromagnetic valve B and the cylinder pressure sensor are all connected with a computer; the engine oil injection device comprises an engine oil tank and an engine oil nozzle, an oil pump is arranged in the engine oil tank, an oil outlet pipe is connected onto the oil pump, the end part of the oil outlet pipe extends into the engine body, the engine oil nozzle is arranged at the end part of the oil outlet pipe, the bottom of the engine body is connected with an oil return pipe, and the oil return pipe is connected onto the engine oil tank; selecting transparent materials to process a machine body, a cylinder sleeve, a piston and a cylinder cover; the cameras are arranged on the top and the side of the machine body, and multi-dimensional observation of the movement condition of the engine oil entering the cold oil cavity in the piston is achieved.
The computer is matched with the cylinder pressure sensor to regulate the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve A and the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve B in real time, the pressure condition of the cylinder under different strokes is simulated by controlling the inlet and the outlet of high-pressure gas, the piston, the crankshaft connecting rod and the driving motor are connected, and the driving motor is used for dragging the crankshaft connecting rod backwards to realize the reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder. The piston motion simulation device controls the reciprocating motion speed of the piston through a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, and controls the pressure change of the top of the piston through an electromagnetic valve to simulate the impact of high-pressure gas on the piston, so that the simulation of the second-order motion of the piston is realized. Wherein, for the pressure impact who realizes the piston top, the external high-pressure gas circuit of intaking, exhausting that has in cylinder cap department, high-pressure gas circuit is connected with two solenoid valves, and the gas circuit at solenoid valve A place is connected with high-pressure gas source, and the gas circuit at solenoid valve B place communicates with each other with the external environment, and high-pressure gas source is used for providing high-pressure gas, and the external environment is used for releasing jar internal pressure, and the solenoid valve is used for controlling the gas circuit break-make. The reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder is realized by the driving motor dragging the crankshaft connecting rod backwards. The engine oil nozzle in the engine oil injection device injects engine oil to the piston, the engine oil enters the inner cooling oil cavity to cool the piston, and the camera observes the motion condition of the engine oil in the inner cooling oil cavity.
The engine oil injection device further comprises a pressure regulating valve and a flowmeter, the flowmeter is installed below the engine oil nozzle, the pressure regulating valve is installed on the oil outlet pipe, and the pressure regulating valve is further connected with a computer. The computer controls the oil injection pressure through the pressure regulating valve.
The engine oil injection device further comprises an oil temperature regulator, and the oil temperature regulator heats the engine oil tank and controls the oil temperature. .
The engine oil injection device further comprises a sliding guide rail lifting table, the sliding guide rail lifting table comprises a sliding guide rail and a lifting table, the sliding guide rail is installed on the engine body, the lifting table is fixed on the sliding guide rail in a sliding mode, and the engine oil nozzle is fixed on the lifting table. The lifting platform can move in the vertical direction and can also move on the sliding guide rail in the horizontal direction, and the position of the engine oil nozzle is adjusted in multiple degrees of freedom.
According to the visualization device for the engine oil movement condition in the cold oil cavity in the piston, the base of the sliding guide rail is rotationally locked on the machine body mounting hole, can rotate around the central shaft of the mounting hole and is fixed through the locking nut, and the oil injection inclination angle is adjusted. Finally, the engine oil injection device can adjust engine oil injection parameters such as different injection postures, oil temperatures, oil injection pressures and the like.
The engine oil motion condition visualization device in the cold oil cavity in the piston further comprises an engine posture simulation device, the engine posture simulation device comprises a support and an excitation table, the engine body is hinged with the support, the support is fixed on the excitation table, a hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged below the excitation table, the engine body can adjust the inclination angle posture around the support, and the excitation table can adjust the pitching angle through the matching of the two hydraulic oil cylinders and is used for simulating different postures of an engine. By adjusting the excitation parameters of the excitation table, the vibration state of the internal combustion engine under different use conditions can be simulated, and the adjustable excitation parameters comprise: vibration waveform, frequency, amplitude.
The visualized observation device for the engine oil motion condition in the cold oil cavity in the piston realizes the visualized research of adjusting the pressure change in the cylinder so as to simulate the engine oil motion condition in the cold oil cavity in the piston under the driving of combustion pressure. The engine oil injection device can adjust engine oil injection parameters such as different injection postures, oil temperatures and oil injection pressures, and provides a test platform for realizing optimal solution of engine oil nozzle positions and oil injection strategies. Meanwhile, different excitation signals can be applied to the test platform, the flowing effect of the cooling machine oil under the complex road condition is observed, and data support is provided for the heat dissipation effect of the piston under multiple working conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder 1, an excitation table 2, an oil temperature regulator 3, an oil pump 4, an oil tank 5, an oil outlet pipe 6, an oil return pipe 7, a pressure regulating valve 8, an oil nozzle 9, a flowmeter 10, a sliding guide rail lifting table 11, a locknut 12, a connecting rod 13, a crankshaft 14, a driving motor 15, a computer 16, a high-pressure air source 17, an electromagnetic valve A18, an electromagnetic valve B19, a cylinder sleeve 20, a piston 21, a cylinder cover 22, a cylinder pressure sensor 23, an internal cooling oil cavity 24, a machine body 25, a support 26 and a camera 27.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to fig. 1 and the embodiments.
The structure sketch of the visual observation device for the engine oil oscillation condition in the cold oil cavity in the piston as shown in fig. 1 is composed of a hydraulic oil cylinder 1, an excitation platform 2, an oil temperature regulator 3, an oil pump 4, an engine oil tank 5, an oil outlet pipe 6, an oil return pipe 7, a pressure regulating valve 8, an engine oil nozzle 9, a flowmeter 10, a sliding guide rail lifting platform 11, a lock nut 12, a connecting rod 13, a crankshaft 14, a driving motor 15, a computer 16, a high-pressure air source 17, an electromagnetic valve A18, an electromagnetic valve B19, a cylinder sleeve 20, a piston 21, a cylinder cover 22, a cylinder pressure sensor 23, an inner cold oil cavity 24, a machine body 25, a support 26 and a camera 27.
Excitation stage 2: the pitching angle is adjusted through the left and right matching of the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 below, and different excitation signals are applied to the test platform.
Sliding guide elevating table 11: the oil nozzle 9 is installed on the lifting platform, the lifting platform can adjust the height of the oil nozzle 9, the lifting platform can slide along the sliding guide rail, and the sliding guide rail can rotate around the machine body 25.
Driving the motor 15: piston drag-down tests were performed at different rotational speeds.
High-pressure gas source 17: high-pressure gas is provided for simulating in-cylinder pressure conditions during combustion.
Solenoid a18, solenoid B19: the opening of the solenoid valve is controlled by the computer 16, and the gas pressure in the cylinder is controlled.
Cylinder pressure sensor 23: embedded in the head 22, monitors the in-cylinder pressure and transmits the data to the computer 16.
The support 26: fixed on the vibration exciting table 2 and used for adjusting the inclination angle posture of the machine body. The adjustment of the inclination angle posture can be adjusted manually or by a driving device such as a motor.
The piston motion simulation device in the attached figure 1 controls the reciprocating motion speed of a piston through a crankshaft connecting rod, and controls the pressure change of the top of the piston through an electromagnetic valve to simulate the impact of high-pressure gas on the piston, so that the simulation of the second-order motion of the piston is realized. Wherein, for the pressure impact who realizes the piston top, the external high-pressure gas circuit of intaking, exhausting that has in cylinder cap department, high-pressure gas circuit is connected with two solenoid valves, and the gas circuit at solenoid valve A place is connected with high-pressure gas source, and the gas circuit at solenoid valve B place communicates with each other with the external environment, and high-pressure gas source is used for providing high-pressure gas, and the external environment is used for releasing jar internal pressure, and the solenoid valve is used for controlling the gas circuit break-make. The reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder is realized by the driving motor dragging the crankshaft connecting rod backwards. The collected cylinder pressure data in the engine is processed by a computer, the opening of the electromagnetic valve is controlled in real time by matching with data feedback of a cylinder pressure sensor, the pressure conditions in the cylinder under different strokes are simulated by controlling the inlet and the outlet of high-pressure gas, and the reciprocating motion of the piston is controlled by using a crankshaft connecting rod, so that the influence of the reciprocating motion of the piston containing second-order motion on the motion condition of engine oil in the cold oil cavity in the piston is observed.
The engine oil injection device is connected with an engine oil tank through an oil temperature regulator to regulate the temperature of the engine oil, the engine oil is conveyed to an engine oil nozzle through an oil outlet pipe by an oil pump in the engine oil tank, a pressure regulating valve is installed on the oil outlet pipe, the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve is controlled through a computer, and comparative analysis is carried out under different parameters such as oil temperature and oil injection pressure. The machine oil nozzle is installed on the sliding guide rail lifting platform, the lifting platform can slide and lift on the guide rail, the height and the horizontal position of the machine oil nozzle are adjusted, and the deflection angle is achieved by rotating the base of the sliding guide rail. And comparing and analyzing the engine oil motion conditions in the internal cooling oil cavity under different postures, and searching the optimal position and the oil injection strategy of the engine oil nozzle.
The engine posture simulator is characterized in that a cylinder sleeve is fixed in a machine body, the machine body is hinged with a support, and the support is fixed on an excitation platform. The body can be around the support adjustment of inclination angle gesture, and the excitation platform can carry out the adjustment of every single move angle through hydraulic cylinder's left and right sides cooperation for the different gestures of simulation engine. The excitation table can apply various excitation signals, can adjust various signal parameters such as vibration waveforms, frequency and amplitude, is used for simulating the influence of external excitation such as road surface bump on the cooling effect of the piston of the internal combustion engine, and performs comparative analysis under different working conditions and road conditions.
The engine body, the cylinder sleeve, the piston and the cylinder cover are made of transparent materials, so that the visual observation of the engine oil motion condition in the cold oil cavity in the piston is convenient to realize, and the transparent materials are selected from glass, acrylic, acrylonitrile-styrene resin or polypropylene. The camera is used for shooting the movement condition of cooling oil in the cooling oil cavity in the piston, and the camera is arranged in a side-mounted and top-mounted mode, so that multi-dimensional observation is realized. The computer is used for reconstructing the shot image data, analyzing the flowing condition of the engine oil, observing the flowing effect of the cooling engine oil under the complex road condition and providing data support for the heat dissipation capacity of the piston under multiple working conditions. The observation device is designed, and a test platform is provided for researchers in the related field.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a visual device of machine oil motion condition in cold oil pocket in piston which characterized in that: the device comprises a piston motion simulation device and an engine oil injection device; the piston motion simulation device comprises a box-shaped machine body (25) and a driving motor (15), wherein the top of the machine body (25) is open, a cylindrical cylinder sleeve (20) is fixed inside the machine body (25), a cylinder cover (22) covers the opening at the top of the machine body (25), a piston (21) is positioned in the cylinder sleeve (20), an internal cooling oil cavity (24) is arranged in the piston (21), the piston (21) is hinged with a crankshaft (14) through a connecting rod (13), the driving motor (15) is positioned outside the machine body (25), and an output shaft of the driving motor (15) extends into the machine body (25) and is connected with the crankshaft (14); a cylinder pressure sensor (23) is arranged on the cylinder cover (22), an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline are also arranged on the cylinder cover (22), a solenoid valve A (18) is arranged on the air inlet pipeline, the air inlet end of the air inlet pipeline is connected with a high-pressure air source (17), a solenoid valve B (19) is arranged on the air outlet pipeline, and the air outlet end of the air outlet pipeline is communicated with the external environment; the electromagnetic valve A (18), the electromagnetic valve B (19) and the cylinder pressure sensor (23) are all connected with the computer (16); the computer (16) is matched with the cylinder pressure sensor (23) to adjust the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve A (18) and the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve B (19) in real time, and the pressure condition in the cylinder under different strokes is simulated by controlling the inlet and the outlet of high-pressure gas; the engine oil injection device comprises an engine oil tank (5) and an engine oil nozzle (9), wherein an oil pump (4) is arranged in the engine oil tank (5), an oil outlet pipe (6) is connected onto the oil pump (4), the end part of the oil outlet pipe (6) extends into the engine body (25), the engine oil nozzle (9) is installed at the end part of the oil outlet pipe (6), an oil return pipe (7) is connected to the bottom of the engine body (25), and the oil return pipe (7) is connected onto the engine oil tank (5); the machine body (25), the cylinder sleeve (20), the piston (21) and the cylinder cover (22) are processed by selecting transparent materials; the cameras (27) are arranged on the top and the side of the machine body (25) to realize multi-dimensional observation of the movement condition of the engine oil entering the cold oil cavity in the piston.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus is characterized by comprising: the engine oil injection device further comprises a pressure regulating valve (8) and a flowmeter (10), wherein the flowmeter (10) is installed below the engine oil nozzle (9), the pressure regulating valve (8) is installed on the oil outlet pipe (6), and the pressure regulating valve (8) is further connected with a computer (16).
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the apparatus is adapted to visualize the movement of oil within the cooling oil chamber of the piston, and further comprising: the engine oil injection device further comprises an oil temperature regulator (3), and the oil temperature regulator (3) heats the engine oil tank (5) and controls the oil temperature.
4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the apparatus is adapted to visualize the movement of oil within the cold oil chamber of the piston, and further comprising: the engine oil injection device further comprises a sliding guide rail lifting platform (11), the sliding guide rail lifting platform (11) comprises a sliding guide rail and a lifting platform, the sliding guide rail is installed on the machine body (25), the lifting platform is fixed on the sliding guide rail in a sliding mode, and the engine oil nozzle (9) is fixed on the lifting platform.
5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the apparatus is characterized by comprising: the base of the sliding guide rail is locked on the mounting hole of the machine body (25), can rotate around the central shaft of the mounting hole and is fixed through a locking nut (12), so that the adjustment of an oil injection inclination angle is realized.
6. The apparatus for visualizing the movement of oil in a cold oil chamber in a piston as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein: still include engine gesture analogue means, engine gesture analogue means includes support (26) and excitation platform (2), organism (25) are together articulated with support (26), support (26) are fixed in on excitation platform (2), there are hydraulic cylinder (1) excitation platform (2) below, organism (25) can carry out the adjustment of inclination gesture around support (26), excitation platform (2) can carry out the adjustment of every single move angle through the cooperation of two hydraulic cylinder (1), a different gesture for simulating the engine, excitation parameter through adjusting the excitation platform, can simulate the vibration state of internal-combustion engine under the different use condition, adjustable excitation parameter has: vibration waveform, frequency, amplitude.
CN202110066018.1A 2021-01-19 2021-01-19 Visual device for engine oil movement condition in piston inner cooling oil cavity Active CN112781883B (en)

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CN114544182A (en) * 2022-01-28 2022-05-27 北京理工大学 Reliability detection device and method for engine piston remote measurement system
CN114608831A (en) * 2022-02-24 2022-06-10 哈尔滨工程大学 Experiment table device applied to measurement of temperature field in diesel engine piston

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CN114608831A (en) * 2022-02-24 2022-06-10 哈尔滨工程大学 Experiment table device applied to measurement of temperature field in diesel engine piston
CN114608831B (en) * 2022-02-24 2024-03-22 哈尔滨工程大学 Be applied to experiment table device of diesel engine piston internal temperature field survey

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