CN108004660A - 一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物 - Google Patents
一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，通过织造、织物浸泡、烘干处理、成包步骤得到。有益效果为：本发明毛领中含有的整理剂，能够穿透细胞膜,破坏膜结构使细菌、病毒和癌症细胞分解,使细菌失去膜势，不能保持正常渗透压而死亡，又能降解细胞产生的毒素，从而达到抑菌的效果；通过浸渍液处理，使织物具有与橡胶一般良好的粘结性能、热处理温度低、因此能耗低、化学性能稳定、降低了生产的成本、提高成品率、处理后的织物涂层均匀、表面光滑，易编织和缠绕且抗菌抗静电效果稳定。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织技术领域，具体是一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物。
背景技术
随着生活水平的提高，人们对生存环境的质量和卫生水平提出了更高的要求，以达到健康、长寿的生活目标；另一方面，各种各样的致病微生物却依然顽强地传播着各种疾病，对人类的威胁丝毫不减。
纳米粒子只有1～100μm，1微米=1/109m，它独特的性能决定了它有许多新型的应用，而纳米技术就是正确理解并合理应用这些性能。当纺织品在传统功 能以外还有一些附加值时，它就被当作特种纺织品或者功能性纺织品。功能性整理代表第二代整理技术，它可以让各种纺织材料独立作用。这意味着我们可以 在冷的环境下得到热量，在热的环境下得到凉爽，或者是在日常行为中得到很大的方便、帮助。
现有技术如授权公告号为CN104631094B的中国发明专利，公开了一种长效纳米光催化自清洁织物的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤包括：将织物清洗晾干；将质量分数为10％-38％的HCl溶液与去离子水混合，将织物浸入，超声，滴加钛酸异丙酯溶液，升温至65-75℃，继续超声处理；将质量分数为10％-38％的HCl溶液、乙醇和去离子水混合，滴加正硅酸乙酯，得到SiO2溶胶；将SiO2溶胶逐滴加入到织物溶液中，超声，将织物取出，室温下干燥，用去离子水清洗后，烘干，得到长效纳米光催化自清洁织物。该发明制备得到的自清洁抗菌织物，自清洁和抗菌效果好，且作用持久，洗涤25次后仍具有高效的降解有机污染物的能力，制备方法可适用于工业化生产，但技术含量高，难度大，生产较为不易。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种抗菌即效性好、抗静电、透气性好、安全性高与皮肤接触对皮肤无不良影响的抗菌自清洁针织物。
本发明针对上述技术中提到的问题，采取的技术方案为：一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，通过织造、织物浸泡、烘干处理、成包步骤得到。
织造步骤为：按配方量称取涤纶纤维、竹纤维、导电纤维、粘胶纤维，混纺成混合纤维，将混合纤维放入针织编织机，据设定的组织结构经纬密度编制面料图案，得胚布。通过在织造过程中在混合纤维中混入导电纤维，降低织物电阻，提高织物导电性能，使织物具有抗静电的效果。
织物浸泡步骤为将整理剂乳化40~50min，超声波分散10~15min，将上述胚布放在乳化液中充分浸泡，通过树脂能够附于织物表面，将树脂融入至整理剂中，通过浸泡、烘干，使其具有抗菌功效。
烘干处理是将浸泡后的胚布在温度100~120℃的温度下进行预烘，然后再在160~170℃的温度下焙烘3~5min，通过胚布表面预烘处理，使整理剂中的化合物能够加快与纤维结合，增强了导电纤维的导电性能，提高了织物抗静电功效，同时，增加了织物表面抗菌成分的耐水洗性能，延长织物抗菌效果，胚布表面的再次烘焙，使胚布表面更加光滑、柔软，且所得的胚布容易着色，方便后续加工处理
整理剂包括TiO2复合纳米粉体、分散剂、分散介质、蒸馏水，四者之间的配比为3~4%：7~9%：15%：2%，上述分散剂为硝酸银和活性多肽混合物，含量比为2~3:1，通过添加含有硝酸银的分散剂，其含有的金属银离子使TiO2的能级发生分裂，产生杂质能级，TiO2的禁带宽度变窄并向下偏移，使电子跃迁后的能态变低，跃迁后电子的还原性更强，更容易与TiO2表面吸附的氧分子发生反应，从而生成更多的表面羟基自由基，提高体系的氧化能力，同时也可以延缓光生电子和空穴的复合，提高光催化效果，同时，使纳米TiO2的Fermi能级向上移动，越来越靠近价带顶，电子分布向价带顶移动，有利于光照射引发电子跃迁产生光生空穴，从而提高光生空穴的产生速率，提高光催化效果。
活性多肽的氨基酸序列为SCASRYASRCRRRCAGRRSRRCKGYACRSFGRRSRICKCFRC，通过添加活性多肽，能够减少纳米级超细TiO2产品的团聚,提高其分散性，能够防止TiO2的禁带偏移量过大时，光生电子更容易与光生空穴复合，使光催化反应效果下降，同时还能防止Fermi能级过于靠近价带顶时，加速光生空穴与电子复合，缩短光生空穴的存活寿命，降低光催化效果。
作为优选，分散介质为浓度96~98%的无水乙醇。
作为优选，乳化液的浓度为8~12%，pH值6.3~7.3，浸泡时长为66~75分钟，通过整理剂溶解在树脂中然后配成乳化液，将上述胚布放在乳化液中充分浸渍，树脂能够附于织物表面使其具有抗菌功效。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
1.本发明服装面料弄够通过纳米TiO2穿透细胞膜,破坏膜结构使细菌、病毒和癌症细胞分解,使细菌失去膜势，不能保持正常渗透压而死亡，又能降解细胞产生的毒素，从而达到抑菌的效果，通过织物中含有导电纤维的导电特性来传导静电，防止了由于衣服产生静电而吸附灰尘黏附身体，给人以瘙痒等不适感。
2.该织物更有弹性，手感更好、穿着舒服，适合不同年龄段人群的服装面料。
3.通过浸渍液处理，使织物具有与橡胶一般良好的粘结性能、热处理温度低、因此能耗低、化学性能稳定、降低了生产的成本、提高成品率、处理后的织物涂层均匀、表面光滑，易编织和缠绕且抗菌抗静电效果稳定。
4.活性多肽的氨基酸序列为SCASRYASRCRRRCAGRRSRRCKGYACRSFGRRSRICKCFRC，通过添加活性多肽，能够减少纳米级超细TiO2产品的团聚,提高其分散性，能够防止TiO2的禁带偏移量过大时，光生电子更容易与光生空穴复合，使光催化反应效果下降，同时还能防止Fermi能级过于靠近价带顶时，加速光生空穴与电子复合，缩短光生空穴的存活寿命，降低光催化效果。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
实施例1：
一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，通过织造、织物浸泡、烘干处理、成包步骤得到，具体步骤为：
1）织造步骤为：按配方量称取涤纶纤维、竹纤维、导电纤维、粘胶纤维，混纺成混合纤维，将混合纤维放入针织编织机，据设定的组织结构经纬密度编制面料图案，得胚布；通过在织造过程中在混合纤维中混入导电纤维，降低织物电阻，提高织物导电性能，使织物具有抗静电的效果；
2）织物浸泡步骤为将整理剂乳化40~50min，超声波分散10~15min，将上述胚布放在乳化液中充分浸泡，通过树脂能够附于织物表面，将树脂融入至整理剂中，通过浸泡、烘干，使其具有抗菌功效；
3）烘干处理是将浸泡后的胚布在温度100~120℃的温度下进行预烘，然后再在160~170℃的温度下焙烘3~5min，通过胚布表面预烘处理，使整理剂中的化合物能够加快与纤维结合，增强了导电纤维的导电性能，提高了织物抗静电功效，同时，增加了织物表面抗菌成分的耐水洗性能，延长织物抗菌效果，胚布表面的再次烘焙，使胚布表面更加光滑、柔软，且所得的胚布容易着色，方便后续加工处理
整理剂包括TiO2复合纳米粉体、分散剂、分散介质、蒸馏水，四者之间的配比为3~4%：7~9%：15%：2%，上述分散剂为硝酸银和活性多肽混合物，含量比为2~3:1，通过添加含有硝酸银的分散剂，其含有的金属银离子使TiO2的能级发生分裂，产生杂质能级，TiO2的禁带宽度变窄并向下偏移，使电子跃迁后的能态变低，跃迁后电子的还原性更强，更容易与TiO2表面吸附的氧分子发生反应，从而生成更多的表面羟基自由基，提高体系的氧化能力，同时也可以延缓光生电子和空穴的复合，提高光催化效果，同时，使纳米TiO2的Fermi能级向上移动，越来越靠近价带顶，电子分布向价带顶移动，有利于光照射引发电子跃迁产生光生空穴，从而提高光生空穴的产生速率，提高光催化效果。
活性多肽的氨基酸序列为SCASRYASRCRRRCAGRRSRRCKGYACRSFGRRSRICKCFRC，通过添加活性多肽，能够减少纳米级超细TiO2产品的团聚,提高其分散性，能够防止TiO2的禁带偏移量过大时，光生电子更容易与光生空穴复合，使光催化反应效果下降，同时还能防止Fermi能级过于靠近价带顶时，加速光生空穴与电子复合，缩短光生空穴的存活寿命，降低光催化效果。
作为优选，乳化液的浓度为8~12%，pH值6.3~7.3，浸泡时长为66~75分钟，通过整理剂溶解在树脂中然后配成乳化液，将上述胚布放在乳化液中充分浸渍，树脂能够附于织物表面使其具有抗菌功效。
实施例2：
一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，包括以下步骤：
1）织造步骤为：按配方量称取涤纶纤维、竹纤维、导电纤维、粘胶纤维，混纺成混合纤维，将混合纤维放入针织编织机，据设定的组织结构经纬密度编制面料图案，得胚布；
2）织物浸泡步骤为将整理剂乳化40min，超声波分散10min，将上述胚布放在乳化液中充分浸泡；
3）烘干处理是将浸泡后的胚布在温度100℃的温度下进行预烘，然后再在160℃的温度下焙烘3min。
整理剂包括TiO2复合纳米粉体、分散剂、分散介质、蒸馏水，四者之间的配比为3%：8%：15%：2%，上述分散剂为硝酸银和活性多肽混合物，含量比为2.3:1
活性多肽的氨基酸序列为SCASRYASRCRRRCAGRRSRRCKGYACRSFGRRSRICKCFRC。
作为优选，乳化液的浓度为8%，pH值6.3，浸泡时长为66分钟。
实施例3：
一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，具体步骤为：
1）织造步骤为：按配方量称取涤纶纤维、竹纤维、导电纤维、粘胶纤维，混纺成混合纤维，将混合纤维放入针织编织机，据设定的组织结构经纬密度编制面料图案，得胚布；
2）织物浸泡步骤为将整理剂乳化50min，超声波分散15min，将上述胚布放在乳化液中充分浸泡；
3）烘干处理是将浸泡后的胚布在温度120℃的温度下进行预烘，然后再在170℃的温度下焙烘5min。
整理剂包括TiO2复合纳米粉体、分散剂、分散介质、蒸馏水，四者之间的配比为4%：7%：15%：2%，上述分散剂为硝酸银和活性多肽混合物，含量比为3:1，分散介质为浓度98%的无水乙醇，活性多肽的氨基酸序列为SCASRYASRCRRRCAGRRSRRCKGYACRSFGRRSRICKCFRC。
作为优选，乳化液的浓度为12%，pH值7.3，浸泡时长为75分钟。
本发明的操作步骤中的常规操作为本领域技术人员所熟知，在此不进行赘述。
以上所述的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行了详细说明，应理解的是以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的原则范围内所做的任何修改、补充或类似方式替代等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
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Claims (8)
1.一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，其特征在于：所述的含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，通过织造、织物浸泡、烘干处理、成包得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，其特征在于：所述织造步骤为：按配方量称取涤纶纤维、竹纤维、导电纤维、粘胶纤维，混纺成混合纤维，将混合纤维放入针织编织机，据设定的组织结构经纬密度编制面料图案，得胚布。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物织物，其特征在于：所述的浸泡步骤为将整理剂乳化40~50min，超声波分散10~15min，将上述胚布放在乳化液中充分浸泡。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，其特征在于：所述的整理剂包括TiO2复合纳米粉体、分散剂、分散介质、蒸馏水，四者之间的配比为3~4%：7~9%：15%：2%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，其特征在于：所述分散介质为浓度96~98%的无水乙醇。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，其特征在于：所述分散剂含有活性多肽1~2份，活性多肽的氨基酸序列为SCASRYASRCRRRCAGRRSRRCKGYACRSFGRRSRICKCFRC。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，其特征在于：所述乳化液的浓度为8~12%，pH值6.3~7.3，浸泡时长为66~75分钟。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有纳米材料的抗菌自清洁针织物，其特征在于：所述烘干处理是将浸泡后的胚布在温度100~120℃的温度下进行预烘，然后再在160~170℃的温度下焙烘3~5min。
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