CN108002164B - Elevator brake action state detection device and detection method - Google Patents
Elevator brake action state detection device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108002164B CN108002164B CN201711407733.7A CN201711407733A CN108002164B CN 108002164 B CN108002164 B CN 108002164B CN 201711407733 A CN201711407733 A CN 201711407733A CN 108002164 B CN108002164 B CN 108002164B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
- B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
- B66B5/0031—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for safety reasons
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B50/00—Energy efficient technologies in elevators, escalators and moving walkways, e.g. energy saving or recuperation technologies
Abstract
The invention relates to an elevator brake action state detection device and a detection method. The elevator brake comprises a brake shoe, a brake wheel and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure value between the brake shoe and the brake wheel; the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the elevator control circuit and transmits the pressure value to the elevator control circuit, and the elevator control circuit controls the elevator to operate according to the pressure value. The invention realizes the real-time direct monitoring of the action state of the brake, overcomes the defects that the prior monitoring device has the disadvantages of abrasion treatment of the brake shoe, too small braking clearance, difficult adjustment, vibration treatment of the operation of the elevator, incapability of realizing embedded fixing, unreliable fixing, easy installation and adjustment affected by human factors and the like, effectively avoids the possible asynchronism of the prior monitoring element and the actual braking state, solves the problem of false alarm or failure of the prior monitoring device, and improves the safety of the elevator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of elevator braking, in particular to an elevator brake action state detection device and method.
Background
Elevators are widely used as a mature vertical transport means in high-rise buildings in modern society. The greatest risk of using an elevator is generally considered to be uncontrolled operation (embodied as falling, ascending overspeed, shearing injury, etc.). For such risks, the countermeasures of elevators are designed as a normal stop system and as a safety protection system in emergency situations. At present, the normal braking system is generally in the form of an elevator brake, and the emergency safety protection system is in the form of an elevator brake, a speed limiter-safety clamp, a rope clamping device and the like.
The brake is the final actuator of many safety devices of an elevator, and is one of the most important components of an elevator, and both the braking and the holding-still of an elevator emergency are directly dependent on the brake. In recent years, the related management departments increase the requirements of the manufacturing standard of the elevator to increase the use safety performance of the elevator, but the two newly added safety components, namely an upward overspeed protection device and an unexpected movement protection device of the car, still mostly use an elevator brake as a braking execution element in design. In case of failure of the brake stopping system as a stopping executive and/or the brake safety protection system in case of emergency, there is a great risk for the elevator user, which is also the root cause of casualties caused by unexpected movement of the elevator.
Elevator standards require that the brake mechanical parts of each elevator should be installed in two or more groups in order to prevent failure of one of the groups of mechanical parts, and the remaining mechanical parts also slow down the car fully loaded down at the rated speed. In fact, the simultaneous failure of multiple sets of individual elevator brake mechanical components is substantially impossible, and the failure is a developing process. In the development process, the brake is usually a group of mechanical components which are firstly intermittently blocked due to abrasion, dirt entering, temperature change and the like of the brake element, and the blocking causes that the brake is not opened or closed. The mechanical parts of the group of brakes are pulled to run without opening the brake, and the final failure is caused by abrasion; the brake is operated only by the rest mechanical parts without closing, so that serious potential safety hazards are left. If the situation is not found in time, the situation that a plurality of groups of independent mechanical parts of the elevator brake are invalid is developed, and accidents such as car top, squat and shearing finally occur.
In order to reduce the accident risk caused by the failure of the mechanical parts of the brake, one or more sets of monitoring devices are often arranged on the elevator to monitor the action state of the brake. For example, the monitoring switch provided in fig. 1. It follows that monitoring the state of operation of the elevator brake is critical to ensuring safe operation of the elevator. The current monitoring modes mainly comprise two types: firstly, monitoring a certain distance in a motion track of a brake; and secondly, monitoring the change of the current of the brake coil. However, the two monitoring modes can not realize direct monitoring of the action state of the brake, and have the essential defects that the application situation is as follows:
in the first mode, a micro switch or an inductive proximity switch is often adopted to monitor a certain distance in a motion track of a brake, and the monitoring effectiveness and accuracy are established on the basis that the initial state related to the motion track is set and unchanged. When the initial state changes (such as vibration of a host machine, abrasion of a brake shoe of a brake, deformation and displacement of a component, and the like), the monitoring device can generate false alarm, and the false alarm generates two problems: firstly, the real action state of the brake cannot be accurately monitored (for example, the brake is not completely braked, but the micro switch still outputs a normal switch signal), so that the risk of accidents is increased; and secondly, the failure rate is increased (for example, the brake is normally opened, but the micro switch outputs a failure switching signal).
According to incomplete statistics, most of elevators in use at present adopt micro switches, and most of monitoring devices in the form are removed or short-circuited by an elevator maintenance unit after use due to unreliable work, multiple faults and the like.
The second method has high design and manufacturing requirements on the monitoring device, is not widely popularized at present, and is expected to have great influence on the accuracy of monitoring due to the power supply environment and the power supply quality of the elevator use site.
Both of these approaches have substantial drawbacks: firstly, indirectly monitoring the action state of a brake; secondly, the defects of false alarm and high failure rate are unavoidable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the operation state of an elevator brake cannot be directly monitored in the prior art, and provides an operation state detection device and method for the elevator brake.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing an elevator brake action state detection device, wherein the elevator brake comprises a brake shoe and a brake wheel, and further comprises a pressure sensor for detecting a pressure value between the brake shoe and the brake wheel;
the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the elevator control circuit and transmits the pressure value to the elevator control circuit, and the elevator control circuit controls the elevator to operate according to the pressure value.
Preferably, the elevator brake actuation state detection device according to the present invention further comprises a brake arm and a brake shoe holder, wherein the brake shoe is fixed on the brake arm through the brake shoe holder;
the pressure sensor is arranged in the brake arm, or the pressure sensor is arranged in the brake shoe holder, or the pressure sensor is arranged between the brake shoe holder and the brake arm.
Preferably, the elevator brake action state detection device of the invention, the brake arm is provided with a groove for placing the pressure sensor;
the elevator brake further comprises a pin penetrating through the groove and a pin sleeve arranged on the periphery of the pin, and the pressure sensor is tightly attached to the pin sleeve.
Preferably, in the elevator brake actuation state detection device according to the present invention, the pressure sensor is fixed to the brake arm by a locking screw.
Preferably, the elevator brake action state detection device of the invention, the elevator control circuit comprises a pressure processing circuit and an elevator main board circuit, the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the pressure processing circuit, and the pressure processing circuit is electrically connected with the elevator main board circuit;
the pressure processing circuit judges whether the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor reaches a preset value or not, and transmits a judging result to the elevator main board circuit.
Preferably, in the elevator brake action state detection device, two elevator brakes are arranged in an elevator, each elevator brake is correspondingly provided with one pressure sensor, and the two pressure sensors are connected with the pressure processing circuit;
the pressure processing circuit judges whether the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors reach a preset value or not, and transmits the judging result to the elevator main board circuit.
Preferably, the pressure processing circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, and the pressure processing circuit is connected with a closing monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the first switch and the second switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a first brake opening monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the third switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a second brake opening monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the fourth switch;
before the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors are higher than a first preset value, the first switch and the second switch are connected, and the elevator main board circuit monitors that the closing monitoring point is normal, and the elevator is started; otherwise, the elevator is locked in fault;
after the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors are lower than a second preset value, the third switch and the fourth switch are connected, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the first opening monitoring point and the second opening monitoring point are normal, and the elevator runs normally; otherwise the elevator fails to lock.
Preferably, the elevator brake actuation state detection device according to the present invention further comprises a brake arm and a shoe holder, the brake shoe being fixed to the shoe holder, the shoe holder being mounted to the brake arm by a pin;
one end of the brake arm is provided with an adjusting screw, the adjusting screw corresponds to an iron core in the driving device, and the pressure sensor is arranged between the adjusting screw and the iron core and used for detecting a pressure value between the adjusting screw and the iron core.
Preferably, the elevator brake action state detection device according to the present invention is characterized in that the elevator control circuit includes a pressure processing circuit and an elevator main board circuit, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the pressure processing circuit, and the pressure processing circuit is electrically connected to the elevator main board circuit;
the elevator is internally provided with two elevator brakes, each elevator brake is correspondingly provided with one pressure sensor, and the two pressure sensors are connected with the pressure processing circuit;
the pressure processing circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, and is connected with an opening monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the first switch and the second switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a first closing monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the third switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a second closing monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the fourth switch;
before the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors are lower than a first preset value, the third switch and the fourth switch are connected, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the first closing monitoring point and the second closing monitoring point are normal, and the elevator is started; otherwise, the elevator is locked in fault;
after the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors are higher than a second preset value, the first switch and the second switch are connected, and the elevator main board circuit monitors that the opening monitoring point is normal and the elevator runs normally; otherwise the elevator fails to lock.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for detecting the action state of the elevator brake, the elevator brake comprises a brake shoe, a brake wheel and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure value between the brake shoe and the brake wheel, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting a pressure value between a brake shoe and a brake wheel by using the pressure sensor;
s2, judging whether the pressure value reaches a preset value or not, and controlling the elevator to operate according to a judging result.
Preferably, the elevator brake actuation state detection method according to the present invention, the step S2 includes:
s21, before starting the elevator, judging whether the pressure value is higher than a first preset value, if so, starting the elevator, and if not, locking the elevator by fault;
s22, after the elevator is started, judging whether the pressure value is lower than a second preset value, if so, normally operating the elevator, and if not, locking the elevator by fault.
Preferably, in the elevator brake action state detection method of the present invention, two elevator brakes are provided, each of the elevator brakes is provided with one pressure sensor, and the step S2 includes:
s23, before the elevator is started, judging whether the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors are higher than a first preset value, if so, starting the elevator; if not, the elevator is locked in a fault mode;
s24, after the elevator is started, judging whether the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors are lower than a second preset value, and if so, operating the elevator normally; if not, the elevator is locked by fault.
The elevator brake action state detection device and the elevator brake action state detection method have the following beneficial effects: the elevator brake comprises a brake shoe, a brake wheel and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure value between the brake shoe and the brake wheel; the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the elevator control circuit and transmits the pressure value to the elevator control circuit, and the elevator control circuit controls the elevator to operate according to the pressure value. Compared with the existing monitoring device, the device can directly and reliably monitor the action state of the brake, overcomes the defects that the prior monitoring device is difficult to adjust due to small brake shoe abrasion treatment and small brake clearance, the elevator is difficult to vibrate in operation, the fixing mode cannot be embedded, the fixing is unreliable, the installation adjustment is easily influenced by human factors and the like, effectively avoids possible dyssynchrony between the existing monitoring element and the actual brake state, solves the problem of false alarm or failure of the existing monitoring device, and improves the safety of the elevator.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art elevator brake;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a first embodiment of the elevator brake operating state detecting device of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an enlarged view of zone B of a first embodiment of the elevator brake operating state detection device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the area A-A of the first embodiment of the elevator brake operating state detecting apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an elevator control circuit of the first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of an elevator control circuit embodiment of the first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of second and third embodiments of the elevator brake operating state detecting device of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an enlarged view of area C of a second embodiment of the elevator brake operating state detection device of the present invention;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of area D of a third embodiment of the elevator brake operating state detecting apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of an elevator control circuit embodiment of a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a flowchart of the elevator brake operating state detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of step S2 in the detection method of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a flowchart of a second embodiment of step S2 in the detection method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First embodiment.
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2 to 4. Specifically, the elevator brake comprises an end cover 1, a brake release wrench 2, a coil 3, an iron core 4, an adjusting screw 5, a compression spring 6, a brake arm 7, a brake shoe 8, a brake shoe seat 9, a pressure sensor 10, a pin bush 11, a pin 12 and a locking screw 13, wherein a braking object of the elevator brake is a brake wheel 14, namely, the braking of the brake wheel 14 is realized. The brake shoe 8 is fixed to a shoe holder 9, and the shoe holder 9 is fixed to the brake arm 7. Preferably, the shape of the brake shoe 8 matches the shape of the brake wheel 14 and the shape of the shoe holder 9, the brake arm 7 to achieve a better braking effect. For example, if the outer profile of the brake wheel 14 is circular, the brake shoe 8 is a cambered surface, so that the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14 are closely fitted during braking. It will be appreciated that in the open condition there is a gap between the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14 which can be set according to the braking requirements.
Further, one end of the brake arm 7 is movably fixed, the other end of the brake arm 7 is connected with a driving device, and the driving device drives the brake arm 7 to move so as to complete opening and closing actions and realize braking of the brake wheel 14. The driving device is realized by an end cover 1, a brake release wrench 2, a coil 3, an iron core 4, an adjusting screw 5 and a compression spring 6. This embodiment is not an improvement over the prior art.
Further, the pressure sensor 10 is used to detect the pressure value between the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14. Alternatively, the pressure sensor 10 may be provided within the brake arm 7, or the pressure sensor 10 may be provided within the brake shoe holder 9, or the pressure sensor 10 may be provided between the brake shoe holder 9 and the brake arm 7. It can be understood that the pressure sensor 10 of the present invention is used for obtaining the braking torque according to the conversion relationship between the pressure value and the braking torque of the brake shoe 8 and the braking wheel 14, so that the position of the pressure sensor 10 can be flexibly set according to the requirement, and the pressure value between the brake shoe 8 and the braking wheel 14 can be detected, and the pressure sensor set according to the detection principle of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
Alternatively, the brake arm 7 is provided with a recess for placing the pressure sensor 10. The elevator brake further comprises a pin 12 penetrating through the groove and a pin sleeve 11 arranged on the periphery of the pin 12, the pressure sensor 10 is closely attached to the pin sleeve 11, and the direction of pressure generated by the movement of the brake arm 7 is changed through the pin sleeve 11, so that the pressure direction acting on the pressure sensor 10 is perpendicular to the sensing side surface of the pressure sensor 10, and the pressure value is measured more accurately. Preferably, the pressure sensor 10 is fixed to the brake arm 7 by means of a locking screw 13. It will be appreciated that the pressure sensor 10 requires good contact with either the pin sleeve 11 or the pin 12 to sense pressure better.
Alternatively, the pressure sensor 10 may be arranged in a receiving cavity formed between the brake arm 7 and the brake shoe holder 9, the elevator brake further comprising a pin 12 passing through the receiving cavity, and a pin bush 11 arranged at the periphery of the pin 12, the pressure sensor 10 being in close contact with the pin bush 11. The pressure sensor 10 is fixed to the brake arm 7 by a locking screw 13. It will be appreciated that the pressure sensor requires good contact with either the pin sleeve 11 or the pin 12 to sense pressure better.
In the control process, the pressure sensor 10 is electrically connected to the elevator control circuit and transmits the pressure value to the elevator control circuit, which controls the elevator to operate according to the pressure value. Before the elevator is started, the band-type brake is in a closing state, and if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is higher than a first preset value (upper limit output), the elevator brake is normally closed, and the elevator can be started; if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is not higher than the first preset value, the elevator brake is not normally closed, and at the moment, the danger exists, and the elevator is locked in fault. After the elevator is started, the band-type brake is in a brake opening state, and if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is lower than a second preset value (lower limit output), the elevator brake is normally opened and can normally operate; if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is not lower than the second preset value, the elevator brake is opened abnormally, and at the moment, the danger exists, and the elevator is locked in fault.
The elevator control circuit will be further described with reference to fig. 5 and 6. The elevator control circuit comprises a pressure processing circuit and an elevator main board circuit, wherein the pressure sensor 10 is electrically connected with the pressure processing circuit, and the pressure processing circuit is electrically connected with the elevator main board circuit. The pressure processing circuit judges whether the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 reaches a preset value or not, and transmits the judgment result to the elevator main board circuit. Before the elevator starts, the band-type brake is in a closing state, and the pressure processing circuit compares the pressure value acquired by the pressure sensor 10 with a first preset value (upper limit output) to judge whether the pressure value is higher than the first preset value (upper limit output). If yes, the elevator brake is normally closed, and the elevator main board circuit controls the elevator to start; if not, the elevator brake is indicated to be abnormal in closing, and at the moment, the danger exists, and the elevator main board circuit locks the elevator fault. After the elevator is started, the band-type brake is in a brake opening state, and the pressure processing circuit compares the pressure value acquired by the pressure sensor 10 with a second preset value (lower limit output) to judge whether the pressure value is lower than the second preset value (lower limit output). If yes, the elevator brake is normally opened, and the elevator main board circuit controls the elevator to normally operate; if not, the elevator brake is abnormal, and at the moment, the danger exists, and the elevator main board circuit locks the elevator fault.
In the above embodiments, the operation principle of only one elevator brake in the elevator is described, and in some embodiments, it is often required to provide two elevator brakes or more elevator brakes in the elevator, and two elevator brakes are used as embodiments to describe the above, and more than two elevator brakes can be implemented with reference to this embodiment.
Specifically, each elevator brake is correspondingly provided with one pressure sensor 10, and the two pressure sensors 10 are connected with a pressure processing circuit; the pressure processing circuit judges whether the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors 10 reach a preset value or not, and transmits the judgment result to the elevator main board circuit.
Referring to fig. 6, the pressure processing circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch, and the pressure processing circuit is connected to a closing monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the first switch and the second switch. The pressure processing circuit is connected with a first brake-off monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through a third switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a second opening monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through a fourth switch. The first switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are respectively connected with the main board signal power supply common line. The second switch is connected with a closing monitoring point through an auxiliary contact of the band-type brake contactor and/or an auxiliary contact of the band-type brake current-limiting contactor.
Further, the control process is as follows:
before the elevator starts, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors 10 are higher than a first preset value (upper limit output), and preferably, the first preset values of the two pressure sensors 10 respectively and correspondingly comprise a preset value A1 and a preset value A2. The pressure processing circuit discriminates and judges whether or not the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is greater than a preset value A1 and a preset value A2. If the pressure values of the two pressure sensors 10 are respectively greater than the corresponding preset value A1 and the preset value A2, the first switch and the second switch are connected, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the closing monitoring point is normal, and the elevator main board circuit controls the elevator to start, so that it can be understood that the pressure values of the two pressure sensors 10 are required to meet the condition simultaneously. Otherwise the elevator fails to lock. It can be appreciated that the first preset values corresponding to the first switch and the second switch may be different, and the sizes may be set according to the needs.
After the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors 10 are lower than a second preset value (lower limit output), and preferably, the second preset values of the two pressure sensors 10 respectively and correspondingly comprise a preset value A3 and a preset value A4. The pressure processing circuit discriminates and judges whether or not the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is smaller than a preset value A3 and a preset value A4. If the pressure values of the two pressure sensors 10 are respectively smaller than the corresponding preset value A3 and the preset value A4, the third switch and the fourth switch are turned on, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the first brake-off monitoring point and the second brake-off monitoring point are normal, and the elevator is controlled to normally operate, and it can be understood that the pressure values of the two sensors 10 are required to meet the conditions simultaneously. Otherwise the elevator fails to lock. It can be appreciated that the second preset values corresponding to the third switch and the fourth switch may be different, and the magnitudes may be set according to needs.
Second embodiment
A second embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 7 and 8. In particular, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the installation position of the pressure sensor 10 is further optimized. One side of the pin bush 11 is provided with a pressure spring 17, the pressure spring 17 and the pressure sensor 10 are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the pin bush 11, and the pressure spring 17 is used for fine tuning the pin bush and ensuring that the pin bush and the pressure sensor are in good contact. Further, the tip of the compression spring 17 corresponds to the screw seat 18. Preferably, a process jacket 16 is provided around the compression spring 17.
Other structures and control principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and reference may be made to the first embodiment, which is not described herein.
Third embodiment
A third embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 7 and 9. Specifically, the first and second embodiments differ from the first and second embodiments in that the first and second embodiments provide a pressure sensor 10 between the brake arm 7 and the shoe holder 9 for detecting a pressure value between the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14. While the pressure sensor 10 of the present embodiment is provided between the adjustment screw 5 and the iron core 4 for detecting the pressure value between the adjustment screw 5 and the iron core 4.
In particular, the elevator brake further comprises a brake arm 7 and a shoe holder 9, the brake shoe 8 being fixed to the shoe holder 9, the shoe holder 9 being mounted on the brake arm 7 by means of a pin 12. One end of the brake arm 7 is provided with an adjusting screw 5 corresponding to the iron core 4 in the driving device, and a pressure sensor 10 is provided between the adjusting screw 5 and the iron core 4 for detecting a pressure value between the adjusting screw 5 and the iron core 4. When the elevator brake needs to be opened, the coil 4 works to drive the iron core 4 to move outwards, so that the brake arm 7 is opened, the brake arm 7 moves outwards, and the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14 are separated. When the elevator brake needs to be switched on, the coil 4 works to drive the iron core 4 to move inwards, and the brake arm 7 moves inwards under the pressure drive of the compression spring 6, so that the brake shoe 8 is attached to the brake wheel 14.
Further, referring to fig. 10, the elevator control circuit includes a pressure processing circuit and an elevator main board circuit, the pressure sensor 10 is electrically connected to the pressure processing circuit, and the pressure processing circuit is electrically connected to the elevator main board circuit;
two elevator brakes are arranged in the elevator, each elevator brake is correspondingly provided with a pressure sensor 10, and the two pressure sensors 10 are connected with a pressure processing circuit; the pressure processing circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, and is connected with an opening monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the first switch and the second switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a first closing monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through a third switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a second closing monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through a fourth switch.
Before the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors 10 are lower than a first preset value, the third switch and the fourth switch are connected, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the first closing monitoring point and the second closing monitoring point are normal, and the elevator is started; otherwise the elevator fails to lock. It can be appreciated that the first preset values corresponding to the third switch and the fourth switch may be different, and the magnitudes may be set according to needs.
After the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure value detected by the two pressure sensors 10 is higher than a second preset value, the first switch and the second switch are connected, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the opening monitoring point is normal, and the elevator runs normally; otherwise the elevator fails to lock. The second preset values corresponding to the first switch and the second switch can be different, and the size can be set according to the requirement.
Referring to fig. 11, the elevator brake operating state detecting method is applied to an elevator, and the elevator brake includes a brake shoe 8, a brake wheel 14, and a pressure sensor 10 for detecting a pressure value between the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14, or a pressure sensor 10 for detecting a pressure value between the adjusting screw 5 and the iron core 4; the construction of the elevator brake can be referred to the above-described embodiments and will not be described in detail here. Specifically, the detection method comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting a pressure value between a brake shoe 8 and a brake wheel 14 by a pressure sensor 10, or detecting a pressure value between an adjusting screw 5 and an iron core 4 by the pressure sensor 10.
In particular, the pressure sensor 10 is used to detect the pressure value between the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14. Alternatively, the pressure sensor 10 may be provided within the brake arm 7, or the pressure sensor 10 may be provided within the brake shoe holder 9, or the pressure sensor 10 may be provided between the brake shoe holder 9 and the brake arm 7. It can be understood that the pressure sensor 10 is used for the pressure between the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14, and the brake moment is obtained according to the conversion relation between the pressure value and the brake moment, so that the position of the pressure sensor 10 can be flexibly set according to the requirement, and the pressure value between the brake shoe 8 and the brake wheel 14 can be detected.
S2, judging whether the pressure value reaches a preset value, and controlling the elevator to operate according to a judging result.
Referring to fig. 12, step S2 of the elevator brake operation state detection method includes:
s21, before the elevator is started, judging whether the pressure value is higher than a first preset value, if so, starting the elevator, and if not, locking the elevator by fault.
Specifically, before the elevator starts, the band-type brake is in a closing state, and if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is higher than a first preset value (upper limit output), it is indicated that the elevator brake is normally closed, and the elevator can start. If the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is not higher than the first preset value, the elevator brake is not normally closed, and at the moment, the danger exists, and the elevator is locked in fault.
S22, after the elevator is started, judging whether the pressure value is lower than a second preset value, if so, normally operating the elevator, and if not, locking the elevator by fault.
Specifically, after the elevator is started, the band-type brake is in a brake opening state, and if the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is lower than a second preset value (lower limit output), the elevator brake is normally opened, so that the elevator can normally operate. If the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is not lower than the second preset value, the elevator brake is opened abnormally, and at the moment, the danger exists, and the elevator is locked in fault.
In some embodiments, the elevator control circuit includes a pressure processing circuit and an elevator motherboard circuit, the pressure sensor 10 being electrically connected to the pressure processing circuit, the pressure processing circuit being electrically connected to the elevator motherboard circuit. The pressure processing circuit judges whether the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 reaches a preset value or not, and transmits the judgment result to the elevator main board circuit. Before the elevator starts, the band-type brake is in a closing state, and the pressure processing circuit compares the pressure value acquired by the pressure sensor 10 with a first preset value (upper limit output) to judge whether the pressure value is higher than the first preset value (upper limit output). If yes, the elevator brake is normally closed, and the elevator main board circuit controls the elevator to start; if not, the elevator brake is indicated to be abnormal in closing, and at the moment, the danger exists, and the elevator main board circuit locks the elevator fault. After the elevator is started, the band-type brake is in a brake opening state, and the pressure processing circuit compares the pressure value acquired by the pressure sensor 10 with a second preset value (lower limit output) to judge whether the pressure value is lower than the second preset value (lower limit output). If yes, the elevator brake is normally opened, and the elevator main board circuit controls the elevator to normally operate; if not, the elevator brake is abnormal, and at the moment, the danger exists, and the elevator main board circuit locks the elevator fault.
Referring to fig. 13, in the elevator brake operation state detection method, two elevator brakes are provided in an elevator, and each elevator brake is provided with a pressure sensor 10. The pressure processing circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, and is connected with a closing monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the first switch and the second switch. The pressure processing circuit is connected with a first brake-off monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through a third switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a second opening monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through a fourth switch. The first switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are respectively connected with the main board signal power supply common line. The second switch is connected with a closing monitoring point through an auxiliary contact of the band-type brake contactor and/or an auxiliary contact of the band-type brake current-limiting contactor.
The step S2 comprises the following steps:
s23, before the elevator is started, judging whether the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors 10 are higher than a first preset value, if so, starting the elevator; if not, the elevator is locked by fault.
Specifically, before the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit determines that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors 10 are higher than a first preset value (upper limit output), and preferably, the first preset values of the two pressure sensors 10 respectively include a preset value A1 and a preset value A2. The pressure processing circuit discriminates and judges whether or not the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is greater than a preset value A1 and a preset value A2. If the pressure values of the two pressure sensors 10 are respectively larger than the corresponding preset value A1 and the preset value A2, the first switch and the second switch are connected, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the closing monitoring point is normal, and the elevator main board circuit controls the elevator to start; it will be appreciated that at this point it is necessary for the pressure values of the two sensors 10 to meet the condition simultaneously. Otherwise the elevator fails to lock.
S24, after the elevator is started, judging whether the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors 10 are lower than a second preset value, and if so, operating the elevator normally; if not, the elevator is locked by fault.
Specifically, after the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit determines that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors 10 are lower than a second preset value (lower limit output), and preferably, the second preset values of the two pressure sensors 10 respectively include a preset value A3 and a preset value A4. The pressure processing circuit discriminates and judges whether or not the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 10 is smaller than a preset value A3 and a preset value A4. If the pressure values of the two pressure sensors 10 are respectively smaller than the corresponding preset value A3 and the preset value A4, the third switch and the fourth switch are connected, and the elevator main board circuit monitors that the first opening monitoring point and the second opening monitoring point are normal and controls the elevator to normally operate; it will be appreciated that at this point it is necessary for the pressure values of the two sensors 10 to meet the condition simultaneously. Otherwise the elevator fails to lock.
Compared with the existing monitoring device, the device can directly and reliably monitor the action state of the brake, overcomes the defects that the prior monitoring device is difficult to adjust due to small brake shoe abrasion treatment and small brake clearance, the elevator is difficult to vibrate in operation, the fixing mode cannot be embedded, the fixing is unreliable, the installation adjustment is easily influenced by human factors and the like, effectively avoids possible dyssynchrony between the existing monitoring element and the actual brake state, solves the problem of false alarm or failure of the existing monitoring device, and improves the safety of the elevator.
The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same according to the content of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made with the scope of the claims should be covered by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. An elevator brake action state detection device, wherein the elevator brake comprises a brake shoe (8) and a brake wheel (14), and is characterized by further comprising a pressure sensor (10) for detecting a pressure value between the brake shoe (8) and the brake wheel (14);
the elevator control circuit comprises a pressure processing circuit and an elevator main board circuit, wherein the pressure sensor (10) is electrically connected with the pressure processing circuit, and the pressure processing circuit is electrically connected with the elevator main board circuit;
the pressure processing circuit judges whether the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor (10) reaches a preset value or not, and transmits a judging result to the elevator main board circuit;
two elevator brakes are arranged in the elevator, each elevator brake is correspondingly provided with one pressure sensor (10), and the two pressure sensors (10) are connected with the pressure processing circuit;
the pressure processing circuit judges whether the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors (10) reach a preset value or not, and transmits the judging result to the elevator main board circuit;
the pressure processing circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, and is connected with a closing monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the first switch and the second switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a first brake opening monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the third switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a second brake opening monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the fourth switch;
before the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors (10) are higher than a first preset value, the first switch and the second switch are connected, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the closing monitoring point is normal, and the elevator is started; otherwise, the elevator is locked in fault;
after the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors (10) are lower than a second preset value, the third switch and the fourth switch are connected, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the first opening monitoring point and the second opening monitoring point are normal, and the elevator runs normally; otherwise, the elevator is locked in fault;
the pressure sensor (10) is electrically connected with an elevator control circuit and transmits the pressure value to the elevator control circuit, and the elevator control circuit controls the elevator to operate according to the pressure value.
2. Elevator brake actuation state detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elevator brake further comprises a brake arm (7) and a brake shoe holder (9), the brake shoe (8) being fixed on the brake shoe holder (9), the brake shoe holder (9) being mounted on a pin bush (11) by means of a pin (12), the pin bush (11) being mounted on the brake arm (7) together with a pressure sensor (10), the pressure sensor (10) being arranged between the pin bush (11) and the brake arm (7).
3. Elevator brake actuation state detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the brake arm (7) is provided with a recess for placing the pressure sensor (10);
the periphery of the pin (12) is provided with a pin sleeve (11), the pin (12) and the pin sleeve (11) penetrate through the through groove of the brake arm (7), and the pressure sensor (10) is tightly attached to the pin sleeve (11).
4. An elevator brake actuation state detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressure sensor (10) is fixed to the brake arm (7) by means of a locking screw (13);
one side of the pin bush (11) is provided with a pressure spring (17), and the pressure spring (17) and the pressure sensor (10) are respectively arranged on the opposite side of the pin bush (11).
5. The elevator brake operating state detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elevator brake further comprises a brake arm (7) and a shoe holder (9), the brake shoe (8) being fixed to the shoe holder (9), the shoe holder (9) being mounted on the brake arm (7) by means of a pin (12) and a pin bush (11);
one end of the brake arm (7) is provided with an adjusting screw (5), the adjusting screw (5) corresponds to an iron core (4) in the driving device, and the pressure sensor (10) is arranged between the adjusting screw (5) and the iron core (4) and is used for detecting a pressure value between the adjusting screw (5) and the iron core (4).
6. The elevator brake operation state detection device according to claim 5, wherein the elevator control circuit includes a pressure processing circuit and an elevator main board circuit, the pressure sensor (10) is electrically connected to the pressure processing circuit, and the pressure processing circuit is electrically connected to the elevator main board circuit;
two elevator brakes are arranged in the elevator, each elevator brake is correspondingly provided with one pressure sensor (10), and the two pressure sensors (10) are connected with the pressure processing circuit;
the pressure processing circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, and is connected with an opening monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the first switch and the second switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a first closing monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the third switch; the pressure processing circuit is connected with a second closing monitoring point of the elevator main board circuit through the fourth switch;
before the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors (10) are lower than a first preset value, the third switch and the fourth switch are respectively connected, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the pressures of the first closing monitoring point and the second closing monitoring point are normal, and the elevator is started; otherwise, the elevator is locked in fault;
after the elevator is started, the pressure processing circuit judges that the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors (10) are higher than a second preset value, the first switch and the second switch are connected, the elevator main board circuit monitors that the opening monitoring point is normal, and the elevator runs normally; otherwise the elevator fails to lock.
7. An elevator brake operating state detection method is characterized in that the elevator brake comprises a pressure sensor (10) for detecting a pressure value between a brake shoe (8) and a brake wheel (14), or a pressure sensor (10) for detecting a pressure value between an adjusting screw (5) and an iron core (4); the method comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting a pressure value between a brake shoe (8) and a brake wheel (14) by the pressure sensor (10), or detecting a pressure value between the adjusting screw (5) and the iron core (4) by the pressure sensor (10);
s2, judging whether the pressure value reaches a preset value or not, and controlling the elevator to operate according to a judgment result, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the elevator is provided with one elevator brake, and the elevator brake is correspondingly provided with one pressure sensor
S21, before starting the elevator, judging whether the pressure value is higher than a first preset value, if so, starting the elevator, and if not, locking the elevator by fault;
s22, after the elevator is started, judging whether the pressure value is lower than a second preset value, if so, normally operating the elevator, and if not, locking the elevator by fault;
or alternatively
Two elevator brakes are arranged in the elevator, and each elevator brake is correspondingly provided with one pressure sensor;
s23, before the elevator is started, judging whether the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors are higher than a first preset value, if so, starting the elevator; if not, the elevator is locked in a fault mode;
s24, after the elevator is started, judging whether the pressure values detected by the two pressure sensors are lower than a second preset value, and if so, operating the elevator normally; if not, the elevator is locked by fault.
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| CN108529477A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-14 | 宁波欣达电梯配件厂 | Brake brake block abrasion detection structure and its installation method, control method |
| CN110763445B (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2022-05-06 | 西人马(西安)测控科技有限公司 | Brake monitoring method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN112320652B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-10-26 | 黑龙江工业学院 | Brake shoe gap adjusting device of mine hoist |
| CN112713669A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-27 | 三峡大学 | Novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure and application method thereof |
| CN112395714B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-03-30 | 华中科技大学 | Part design and processing method and system with embedded sensor |
| CN114701933B (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2023-11-21 | 常熟理工学院 | Elevator brake with brake shoe wear detection function and brake shoe wear detection method |
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