CN112713669A - Novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure and application method thereof - Google Patents
Novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112713669A CN112713669A CN202011529435.7A CN202011529435A CN112713669A CN 112713669 A CN112713669 A CN 112713669A CN 202011529435 A CN202011529435 A CN 202011529435A CN 112713669 A CN112713669 A CN 112713669A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
A novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure based on piezomagnetic effect and a using method thereof comprise a stator iron core and a stator shell, wherein the stator iron core is provided with stator tooth structures with different numbers, the surfaces of the stator iron core and the stator shell are provided with bolt holes, the bolt holes are distributed on the outer side of the stator iron core along the radial direction of the stator teeth, the inner side of the stator teeth is provided with bolt clamping grooves, the bolt clamping grooves are communicated with the bolt holes, the size and the shape of the bolt holes on the stator shell are consistent with those of the bolt holes on the stator iron core, and the stator shell and the stator iron core are connected through a stress; the invention utilizes the external pressure stress of the bolt radial to the iron core and detects the magnitude of the stress in real time through the sensor. By adopting the structure, the magnetic permeability of the amorphous alloy iron core in the radial direction is reduced, the magnetic flux density and the radial electromagnetic force density in the radial direction are also reduced, and further the radial electromagnetic force is reduced to reduce the electromagnetic noise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure and a using method thereof.
Background
In recent years, in order to solve a series of energy and environmental problems caused by the continuous increase of the automobile holding capacity, the research hotspots of the global automobile industry are formed by finding alternative energy and developing new energy automobiles. The driving motor is a key part for converting electric energy generated by a power battery in the electric automobile into mechanical energy, and has great influence on the whole automobile performance of the electric automobile. The switched reluctance motor has the advantages of simple structure, strong reliability, good starting performance, large starting torque, small starting current, wide constant-power speed regulation range and the like, is one of the alternative motors of the new energy electric automobile, but has low efficiency and extremely high torque ripple and noise, and limits the further popularization and application of the switched reluctance motor.
At present, the novel soft magnetic material is applied to an electrical equipment iron core instead of the traditional silicon steel, which is one of important ways for reducing loss, wherein the novel iron-based amorphous alloy is most widely applied. The amorphous alloy is prepared by adopting a rapid solidification technology, does not have crystal structure and structural defects for hindering the movement of a magnetic domain wall, is extremely thin (20-30 mu m), greatly reduces the eddy current and hysteresis loss of an iron core, is used for a switched reluctance motor with the rated power of 2.4kW and 8500r/min, and has the efficiency of 95.1 percent. However, the magnetostriction coefficient of the iron-based amorphous alloy is as high as 27ppm, which is 7-8 times that of the traditional silicon steel material, and the iron-based amorphous alloy is used for a switched reluctance motor to aggravate the vibration and noise of an iron core.
In the prior art, the method for inhibiting the iron core vibration by using the clamp is not suitable for the amorphous alloy iron core because the amorphous alloy has extremely high stress sensitivity, namely the magnetization state of the material is easy to change under the action of mechanical stress, so that the piezomagnetic effect is generated, and the distribution of the magnetic field in the equipment is influenced; in addition, the amorphous alloy has high sensitivity to the processing and forming processes due to the physical characteristics of thinness, brittleness, hardness and the like, and if the acting force of the clamp is too large, the iron core can be locally deformed to generate fragments, so that the insulation is reduced and the loss is increased; meanwhile, the instantaneous change of the electromagnetic force in the phase change process of the switched reluctance motor can generate larger electromagnetic torque pulsation. Therefore, although the efficiency of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor is greatly improved, the larger magnetostriction coefficient and the extremely strong stress sensitivity (namely, piezomagnetic effect) increase the vibration noise of the iron core, and simultaneously limit the accurate control capability of the electric signal on the magnetic performance of the iron core, thereby becoming the bottleneck of the application of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor to electric vehicles.
The electromagnetic noise suppression method can also be realized through structural optimization and a voltage current control strategy. The structure optimization is to design a novel stator and rotor or winding structure and optimize the structural parameters of the stator and rotor, such as slotting or punching of a stator and rotor core, a trapezoidal structure formed by rotor electrodes and segmented silicon steel embedded in an aluminum rotor, a stator magnetic pole double-layer winding structure and the like, so as to achieve the purposes of reducing radial magnetic flux, increasing tangential magnetic flux, reducing radial electromagnetic force and increasing torque; the voltage and current control strategies mainly comprise traditional chopping control, angle position control, control methods (torque distribution function, direct torque control and the like) based on a torque control theory, intelligent control strategies based on RBF neural network, fuzzy self-adaptive PI control and the like, a novel magnetic field modulation technology and the like, and the aims of searching for optimal control parameters, optimizing current waveforms and achieving the effect of inhibiting torque pulsation are achieved.
The method has a narrow application range, cannot adjust the actual running state of the motor, and has poor operability in engineering practice; the method for inhibiting the torque ripple by adopting the control strategy is to control the waveform excited by the power supply to adjust the torque ripple, which is essentially the adjustment of an electric signal and does not solve the problem of electromagnetic vibration of the motor from the vibration source.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the invention provides a novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure and a using method thereof, which utilize the external pressure stress of a bolt radial to an iron core and detect the magnitude of the stress in real time through a sensor. By adopting the structure, the magnetic permeability of the amorphous alloy iron core in the radial direction is reduced, the magnetic flux density and the radial electromagnetic force density in the radial direction are also reduced, and further the radial electromagnetic force is reduced to reduce the electromagnetic noise.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize:
a novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure based on piezomagnetic effect and a using method thereof comprise a stator iron core and a stator shell, wherein the stator iron core is provided with stator tooth structures with different numbers, the surfaces of the stator iron core and the stator shell are provided with bolt holes, the bolt holes are distributed on the outer side of the stator iron core along the radial direction of the stator teeth, the inner side of the stator teeth is provided with bolt clamping grooves, the bolt clamping grooves are communicated with the bolt holes, the size and the shape of the bolt holes on the stator shell are consistent with those of the bolt holes on the stator iron core, and the stator shell and the stator iron core are connected through a stress;
preferably, the stress loading device comprises a bolt, a nut and a pressure sensor gasket, one end of the bolt penetrates through bolt holes in the stator shell and the stator core and then is fixed in a bolt clamping groove on the inner side of the stator tooth, and the other end of the bolt is connected with the nut and the pressure sensor gasket and is arranged at the bolt hole in the stator shell.
Preferably, the pressure sensor gasket comprises a gasket and a sensor lead, the gasket is arranged between the nut and the stator shell, and the sensor lead is connected with the gasket and used for leading out the pressure value on the gasket in real time.
Preferably, rotor holes are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the stator shell, and the number and the shape of the bolt holes in the stator shell and the stator core can be adjusted automatically according to actual conditions.
A novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure based on piezomagnetic effect and a use method thereof comprise the following steps when in use:
1. before the device is used, the stator shell is sleeved outside the stator core, so that the positions of bolt holes on the stator core and the stator shell are aligned with each other;
2. installing a stress loading device in the bolt hole and fixing the end part of the stress loading device in the bolt clamping groove on the inner side of the stator tooth, wherein the installation position of the stress loading device on the bolt hole is a stator core, a stator shell, a pressure sensor gasket and a nut from inside to outside in sequence;
3. and connecting a sensor lead on the pressure sensor gasket with a monitoring computer.
This patent can reach following beneficial effect:
1. the stator teeth with the radial holes are applied with compressive stress through the bolts, and based on the piezomagnetic effect, the magnetic conductivity in the radial direction is reduced, and the magnetic conductivity in the tangential direction is slightly increased, so that compared with the stator teeth in the prior art, the stator teeth have smaller radial magnetic density and larger tangential magnetic density;
2. the invention also discloses a method for detecting the pre-tightening force of the bolt, which is characterized in that a gasket type pressure sensor is arranged between the nut and the stator shell, so that the pre-tightening force of the bolt can be detected in real time, and the possibility is provided for quantitative analysis of the idea of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a stator core and a stress loading device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the stator housing of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stator core according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a stator core according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the stress loading apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gasket of the pressure sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the stress loading apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a distribution diagram of stator, rotor teeth and magnetic lines of force of the switched reluctance motor.
In the figure: stator core 1, stator tooth 101, the interior of bolt clamping groove 102, stator shell 2, rotor mounting hole 201, bolt hole 3, stress loading device 4, bolt 401, nut 402, pressure sensor gasket 5, gasket 501 and sensor lead 502.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 8, when the switched reluctance motor operates, there is an electromagnetic force between the stator and the rotor, which can be decomposed in both radial and tangential directions, wherein the radial force decomposed in the radial direction is independent of the magnitude of the electromagnetic torque, the stator deformation caused by it is a main source of stator vibration and noise, the radial electromagnetic force is generated at the overlapping portion of the stator teeth and the rotor teeth, the radial force generated at the overlapping portion is an effective radial electromagnetic force, the tangential electromagnetic force is generated at the edge of the two overlapping areas, and the radial electromagnetic force reaches a peak value when the stator and the rotor are completely overlapped;
according to maxwell's tensor, the radial electromagnetic force per unit area is expressed as a radial electromagnetic force density:
Br＝μrH (2)
wherein, PrIs radial electromagnetic force density, mu0Is the permeability of air, BrIs radial magnetic flux density, murIs the magnetic permeability of the iron core, and H is the magnetic field intensity;
according to the piezomagnetic effect principle, the following relationship exists between the change of the magnetic permeability of the amorphous alloy material and the stress:
wherein, σ is the stress borne by the stator core; b issIs the saturation magnetic flux density; lambda [ alpha ]sIs the saturated magnetostriction coefficient; mu.sσThe magnetic permeability of the iron core under the action of stress; mu.shIs the initial permeability of the core; Δ μ is the change in permeability, and Δ μ ═ μh-μσ。
When the amorphous alloy generates a piezomagnetic effect, if the stress is compressive stress, the magnetic permeability in the stress direction is reduced, and the magnetic permeability in the direction vertical to the stress is slightly improved; when the stress on the amorphous alloy is tensile stress, the effect is just opposite. In combination with the above formula, the permeability μ of the core in the direction of the applied force when the stator of the core is subjected to a certain compressive stress σ in the radial directionrWill have a permeability μ from the beginninghIs reduced to muσThe reduction of permeability under stress results in a magnetic flux density B in the radial directionrDecreases in proportion to the value of the magnetic field strength H. While radial electricityMagnetic force can be radial electromagnetic force density PrIs shown, and the radial electromagnetic force density PrMagnetic flux density B in radial directionrIs proportional to the square of (B), so the magnetic flux density BrCan reduce the radial electromagnetic force density PrWhile reducing radial electromagnetic forces.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the hole is punched in the radial direction of the stator iron core by utilizing the piezomagnetic effect of the amorphous alloy, and the pressure stress is applied to the stator iron core through the bolt, so that the magnetic conductivity of the iron core in the radial direction is reduced, and further, the electromagnetic force in the radial direction is reduced to reduce the noise of the stator.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure based on piezomagnetic effect and a use method thereof include a stator core 1 and a stator housing 2, the stator core 1 is provided with a plurality of stator teeth 101 with different numbers, bolt holes 3 are formed in the surfaces of the stator core 1 and the stator housing 2, the bolt holes 3 are radially distributed along the stator teeth 101 at the outer side of the stator core 1, bolt clamping grooves 102 are formed in the inner side of the stator teeth 101, the bolt clamping grooves 102 are communicated with the bolt holes 3, the size and the shape of the bolt holes 3 in the stator housing 2 are consistent with those of the bolt holes 3 in the stator core 1, and the stator housing 2 is connected with the stator core 1 through a stress loading device 4.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the stress applying device 4 includes a bolt 401, a nut 402, and a pressure sensor gasket 5, one end of the bolt 401 passes through bolt holes 3 on the stator housing 2 and the stator core 1 and then is fixed in the bolt slot 102 inside the stator tooth 101, the other end of the bolt 401 is connected with the nut 402 and the pressure sensor gasket 5 and is arranged at the bolt hole 3 on the stator housing 2, when the stator operates, the nut 402 will form a corresponding compressive stress on the stator tooth 101 on the stator core 1, and the stress can reduce the radial magnetic permeability and further reduce the radial electromagnetic force to reduce the stator noise.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the pressure sensor gasket 5 includes a gasket 501 and a sensor lead 502, the gasket 501 is disposed between the nut 402 and the stator housing 2, and the sensor lead 502 is connected to the gasket 501 and derives a pressure value on the gasket 501 in real time, so that the gasket 5 can be used to check the bolt pre-tightening force, and a reliable basis is provided for quantitative analysis of vibration and noise reduction.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the stator housing 2 is provided with rotor mounting holes 201 at the upper and lower ends thereof, and the number and shape of the bolt holes 3 on the stator housing 2 and the stator core 1 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
The working principle of the whole system is as follows:
1. before the device is used, the stator shell 2 is sleeved outside the stator core 1, so that the positions of the bolt holes 3 on the stator core 1 and the stator shell 2 are aligned with each other;
2. installing a stress loading device 4 in the bolt hole 3, fixing the end part of the stress loading device 4 in the bolt clamping groove 102 on the inner side of the stator tooth 101, wherein the installation position of the stress loading device 4 on the bolt hole sequentially comprises the stator core 1, the stator shell 2, the pressure sensor gasket 5 and the nut 402 from inside to outside, and when the stator runs, the nut 402 can form corresponding pressure stress on the stator tooth 101 on the stator core 1, and the stress can reduce the radial permeability and further reduce the radial electromagnetic force so as to reduce the stator noise;
3. the sensor lead 502 on the pressure sensor gasket 5 is connected with a monitoring computer, the pressure value on the gasket 501 is exported in real time, the bolt pretightening force is checked by using the pressure sensor gasket 5, and a reliable basis is provided for quantitative analysis of vibration reduction and noise reduction.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the technical features described in the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an metallic glass switched reluctance motor stator damping new construction based on piezomagnetic effect, includes stator core (1) and stator housing (2), its characterized in that: the stator core (1) is provided with stator teeth (101) with different numbers, bolt holes (3) are formed in the surfaces of the stator core (1) and the stator shell (2), the bolt holes (3) are distributed in the radial direction of the stator teeth (101) on the outer side of the stator core (1), bolt clamping grooves (102) are formed in the inner side of the stator teeth (101), the bolt clamping grooves (102) are communicated with the bolt holes (3), the size and the shape of the bolt holes (3) in the stator shell (2) are consistent with those of the bolt holes (3) in the stator core (1), and the stator shell (2) is connected with the stator core (1) through a stress loading device (4).
2. The amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator damping new structure based on piezomagnetic effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stress loading device (4) comprises a bolt (401), a nut (402) and a pressure sensor gasket (5), one end of the bolt (401) penetrates through bolt holes (3) in the stator shell (2) and the stator iron core (1) and then is fixed in a bolt clamping groove (102) on the inner side of the stator tooth (101), and the other end of the bolt (401) is connected with the nut (402) and the pressure sensor gasket (5) and is arranged at the bolt hole (3) in the stator shell (2).
3. The amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator damping new structure based on piezomagnetic effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: the pressure sensor gasket (5) comprises a gasket (501) and a sensor lead (502), the gasket (501) is arranged between the nut (402) and the stator shell (2), and the sensor lead (502) is connected with the gasket (501) and used for leading out a pressure value on the gasket (501) in real time.
4. The amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator damping new structure based on piezomagnetic effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: rotor mounting holes (201) are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the stator shell (2), and the number and the shape of the bolt holes (3) in the stator shell (2) and the stator core (1) can be adjusted automatically according to actual conditions.
5. The use method of the amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator damping new structure based on the piezomagnetic effect according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. before the device is used, the stator shell (2) is sleeved outside the stator core (1) to enable the positions of bolt holes (3) on the stator core (1) and the stator shell (2) to be aligned with each other;
2. installing a stress loading device (4) in a bolt hole (3) and fixing the end part of the stress loading device (4) in a bolt clamping groove (102) on the inner side of a stator tooth (101), wherein the installation position of the stress loading device (4) on the bolt hole is a stator core (1), a stator shell (2), a pressure sensor gasket (5) and a nut (402) from inside to outside in sequence;
3. and connecting a sensor lead (502) on the pressure sensor gasket (5) with a monitoring computer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011529435.7A CN112713669A (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure and application method thereof |
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| CN202011529435.7A CN112713669A (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Novel amorphous alloy switched reluctance motor stator vibration reduction structure and application method thereof |
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| CN108320447A (en) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-07-24 | 华润电力（宜昌）有限公司 | Clamp device with warning function |
| CN111509939A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-07 | 北京理工大学 | Integrated axial magnetic flux disc type generator |
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2020
- 2020-12-22 CN CN202011529435.7A patent/CN112713669A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201113730Y (en) * | 2007-07-09 | 2008-09-10 | 珠海亿威电动产业股份有限公司 | Separately excited DC motor |
| CN202435208U (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-09-12 | 福安市新科萌机电有限公司 | Stator fixing device for low-power gasoline engine generator |
| CN103414300A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-11-27 | 赵明珍 | H-type electrically-controlled magnetic motor |
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Application publication date: 20210427 |