CN107989612A - A kind of high ground-water level coal field dynamic is reclaimed new method in advance - Google Patents

A kind of high ground-water level coal field dynamic is reclaimed new method in advance Download PDF

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CN107989612A
CN107989612A CN201810015072.1A CN201810015072A CN107989612A CN 107989612 A CN107989612 A CN 107989612A CN 201810015072 A CN201810015072 A CN 201810015072A CN 107989612 A CN107989612 A CN 107989612A
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band
area
soil
msub
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CN107989612B (en
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陈秋计
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Xian University of Science and Technology
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high ground-water level coal field dynamic to reclaim new method in advance, development characteristics of the invention according to high ground-water level coal mine subsidence land, it is proposed strike angle (selection is reclaimed opportunity), tendency reclaims and (digs the deep shallow improvement of pad), band is divided to peel off, the pre- Reclamation scheme of dynamic staggeredly backfilled.It can take control measures while exploitation to intending damage soil, can not only control environmental degradation, but also land utilization ratio can be improved.

Description

A kind of high ground-water level coal field dynamic is reclaimed new method in advance
Technical field
The present invention relates to the coal mine subsidence land dynamic pre-reclamation method of central and east high underground water mining area.
Background technology
Exploitation of coal resources depression result in the destruction of large amount of land resources, seriously affect the sustainable development in region. Reclaiming for damage soil also becomes the problem of current in the urgent need to address.In central and east region of no relief, groundwater level is higher, exploitation Depression imports a large amount of good farmlands and submerges in water, pools zone surrounding ground goes out to the mainly Subsidence Area large area ponding of Land destruction Existing salination phenomenon.If it can take control measures while exploitation to intending damage soil, can not only control ecological environment Degenerate, and land utilization ratio can be improved, to promoting Sustainable Development in Mining Areas to play important facilitation.Therefore, dynamic The pre- research hotspot reclaimed as the field in recent years.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high ground-water level coal field dynamic to reclaim new method in advance, can while exploitation, Control measures are taken to intending damage soil, can not only control environmental degradation, but also land utilization ratio can be improved,
The new method the technical scheme is that a kind of high ground-water level coal field dynamic is reclaimed in advance, comprises the following steps
(1) Administering zone
First on principal section is moved towards, according to long-term groundwater level elevation, soil will be damaged caused by the working face mining Ground, division class three classes administer area,
One area, positioned at open-off cut side, belongs to earthen fill zone, control measures are to carry out padded, realization by fetching earth in 2nd area Normal farming；
2nd area, positioned at moving towards in the middle part of principal section, belong to Wa Shendianqian areas, and long-term ponding after mining subsidence, passes through slitting band Dig and pad shallow administered deeply；
3rd area, positioned at stopping adopting line side, belong to earthen fill zone, carry out padded by fetching earth in 2nd area, realize normal farming；
(2) reclaim timing
According to Weibull mining subsidence kinematic function prediction functions, Secondary Reclamation Time selection function is obtained：
In formula：WtIt is the moment t interim sinking of earth's surface of reclaiming；W0It is earth's surface final subsidence value, is calculated according to mining conditions； C, k are time influencing parameters, and carrying out inverting according to dynamic Subsidence law obtains；
That wherein the moment is reclaimed in decision is interim depression value Wt, it is determined according to claimed below：Before construction, it is desirable to earth's surface Elevation is apart from phreatic table distance>(thickness of surface soil+digging is worth deeply), i.e.,:
(H0-Wt)≥(Hw+h+d) (3)
Wt≤[H0-(Hw+h+d)] (4)
In formula：WtThe interim sinking of earth's surface；H0Original place table absolute altitude；HwPhreatic table absolute altitude；H top layers soil thickness；D breed in stew Need to deep-cut value (calculate according to the final value after stabilization and deep-cut value)；(3) band digs the deep shallow design of reclaiming of pad
Two zonings are divided into some improvement bands, utilize straight line approximate fits by capwise principal section (working face long side) Landform deforms, and gradient i is obtained according to depression value after stabilization and band section length computation in band.
On the semi-section of symmetrical banding, length of the Wa Shen areas on band section is set as x, the length in Ze Dianqian areas is L/2-x.Balanced and required according to excavation and filling, ask for x：
[h+ (h+x*i)] * x/2=[(L/2-x)2*i]/2 (5)
X=(L2*i)/(8*h+4*L*i) (6)
Above parameter is calculated according to the geometric parameter after stabilization, and when construction is considered as the influence of residual deformation, controls Field face after reason should have certain counter-slope, offset the influence of follow-up residual deformation, and the approximation of field face counter-slope is：
is=(2Ws/L) (7)
In formula, isFor field face slope surface；WsFor remaining deflection after the T moment；L is band length；(4) Soil Reconstruction designs
In order to facilitate construction, it is some bands first by the region division for needing to be unfolded dynamically to reclaim in advance, changes again in band Be divided into Wa Shen areas and Dian Qian areas, subsoil digs that deep pad is shallow, and bar interband table soil is replied in band, will administer area's soil layer be divided into topsoil and Subsoil, is then administered according to depression evolutionary process point band.
The present invention proposes strike angle (when selection is reclaimed according to the development characteristics of high ground-water level coal mine subsidence land Machine), tendency reclaims and (digs the deep shallow improvement of pad), and a point band is peeled off, the pre- Reclamation scheme of dynamic staggeredly backfilled.The present invention can be in exploitation Meanwhile control measures are taken to intending damage soil, environmental degradation can be not only controlled, but also land use can be improved Rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is high diving Mining Subsidence Land destruction schematic diagram.
In figure, J1 influences border for mining subsidence, and J2 seasonalities ponding influences border, and J3 is long-term water-ponding boundary.δ0Side Boundary angle, ψ3Angle of full subsidence, A-A move towards principal section, B-B tendency principal sections.
Fig. 2 high diving mining area exploitation damage control regionization schematic diagrames.
Fig. 3 is that tendency band digs the deep shallow subregion of pad.
In figure, h needs the value further deep-cut after stablizing；L is band length；I is earth's surface gradient caused by depression；X is Dig deep section length；L/2-x is the length in Dian Qian areas；δ0It is that the pre- Reclaimed Soil of dynamic reconstructs schematic diagram for rim angle Fig. 4.
Embodiment
A kind of high ground-water level coal field dynamic is reclaimed new method in advance, is comprised the following steps
(1) Administering zone
Ponding is a key character of Land destruction after high ground-water level coal field mining subsidence, can be by ponding region point For：Long-term pools zone (earth's surface elevation is less than local phreatic table elevation after depression) and seasonal pools zone.Other positions of Subsidence Area Since land occupation condition changes, farming is difficult, gradually becomes uncultivated, as shown in Figure 1.
According to the relation of subsidence in recovery process and phreatic table, underground mining and earth's surface are administered and organically combined, is closed Reason selection is reclaimed opportunity, optimizes control measures, realizes that side is exploited, side is administered.First on principal section is moved towards, according to long-term underground Phreatic table elevation, will damage soil caused by the working face mining, division class three classes administer area, as shown in Figure 2.
One area, positioned at open-off cut side, belongs to earthen fill zone.Damage soil be located on long-term phreatic table, but soil by Influenced to seasonal ponding and salination.Control measures are mainly padded by progress of fetching earth in 2nd area, realize normal farming.
2nd area, positioned at principal section middle part is moved towards, belong to Wa Shendianqian areas.Long-term ponding after mining subsidence, passes through slitting band Dig and pad shallow administered deeply.
3rd area, positioned at stopping adopting line side, belong to earthen fill zone.Damage form is similar with an area.Pass through progress of fetching earth in 2nd area It is padded, realize normal farming.
(2) reclaim timing
Key factor of the sinking that table soil resource has a major impact as timing of reclaiming is analyzed in selection.Root According to Weibull mining subsidence kinematic function prediction functions, Secondary Reclamation Time selection function is obtained：
In formula：WtIt is the moment t interim sinking of earth's surface of reclaiming；W0It is earth's surface final subsidence value, is calculated according to mining conditions； C, k are time influencing parameters, and carrying out inverting according to dynamic Subsidence law obtains.
That wherein the moment is reclaimed in decision is interim depression value Wt, it is determined according to claimed below：Before construction, it is desirable to earth's surface Elevation is apart from phreatic table distance>(thickness of surface soil+digging is worth deeply).I.e.:
(H0-Wt)≥(Hw+h+d) (3)
Wt≤[H0-(Hw+h+d)] (4)
In formula：WtThe interim sinking of earth's surface；H0Original place table absolute altitude；HwPhreatic table absolute altitude；H top layers soil thickness；D breed in stew Need to deep-cut value (calculate according to the final value after stabilization and deep-cut value).
(3) band digs the deep shallow design of reclaiming of pad
The control measures of waterlogged area are exactly to dig to pad shallow, rational excavation and filling design, for ensureing excavation and filling engineering deeply Amount balance, improves efficiency of reclaiming and plays an important roll.Mentality of designing of the present invention is a vertically oriented principal section (working face long side), will Two zonings are divided into some improvement bands.With reference to live reality, face width is typically up to less than sufficient mining condition, band depression Shape across pitch is symmetrical, hereafter selects one side of something therein to be designed, as shown in Figure 3.
After sinking, since depression causes landform to produce certain slope, the present invention is deformed using straight line approximate fits landform, bar Obtained with interior gradient i according to depression value after stabilization and band section length computation.
On the semi-section of symmetrical banding, length of the Wa Shen areas on band section is set as x, the length in Ze Dianqian areas is L/2-x.Balanced and required according to excavation and filling, ask for x：
[h+ (h+x*i)] * x/2=[(L/2-x)2*i]/2 (5)
X=(L2*i)/(8*h+4*L*i) (6)
Above parameter is calculated according to the geometric parameter after stabilization, and when construction is considered as the influence of residual deformation, controls Field face after reason should have certain counter-slope, offset the influence of follow-up residual deformation, and the approximation of field face counter-slope is：
is=(2Ws/L) (7)
In formula, isFor field face slope surface；WsFor remaining deflection after the T moment；L is band length.
(4) Soil Reconstruction designs
In order to facilitate construction, it is some bands first by the region division for needing to be unfolded dynamically to reclaim in advance, changes again in band It is divided into Wa Shen areas and Dian Qian areas, the deep pad of subsoil digging is shallow in band, and bar interband table soil is replied, as shown in Figure 4.Area's soil layer point will be administered For topsoil and subsoil, then administered according to depression evolutionary process point band.
(5) points for attention
1) before developing programs, the emotionally condition of adopting moved towards and be inclined to is analyzed first, if trend does not reach fully Adopt, administering layout should be changed.
2) opportunity is administered in addition to considering mining subsidence factor, and the season of growth of crop should also be considered.Work of reclaiming is done Fortunately after crops harvesting, the progress of field time is stopped.
3) earth's surface deformation process is complicated, it is proposed that treating that Subsidence Area sets monitoring point, contrasted before reclaiming actual sinking with advance Meter sinking obtains difference, is properly reclaimed opportunity according to monitor value selection.Analysis of cases
Analysis is designed exemplified by selection Shandong ore deposit.The ore deposit belongs to high underground water mining area, coal seam average thickness m= 8.2m, a=4 ° of inclination angle.Buried depth H=420m.Earth's surface landform is flat, dispersed elevation H0=44m, underground latent water locating depth is about 3.0m.Working face strike length A=1580m is simulated, is inclined to B=160m.Using fully-mechanized mining, working face promotes daily V=3m/d.With reference to the strata movement observational data of mine around, rim angle δ0=59 °, angle of full subsidence ψ3=46 °, under maximum Heavy coefficient q=0.84, it is main to influence angle tangent tg β=2.Reclamation measures measure is shallow to dig deep pad, and breed in stew requires product throughout the year Water depth d is more than 3m, topsoil stripping thickness h=0.3m.With reference to theory above, the key technology that ore deposit dynamic is reclaimed in advance is calculated Parameter.
(1) maximum sinking value
Because coal seam tendency is not up to sufficient mining, mining subsidence theory maximum earth's surface sinking:
W0=Cym* m*q*cos (a)=4604mm (8)
In formula, Cym- tendency mining degree coefficient, this paper values 0.6604.
(2) depression subregion
Move towards to administer total length=1580+2*420*ctg (59 °) ≈ 2085m
Tendency administers width=160+2*420*ctg (59 °) ≈ 665m
Phreatic table buried depth 3m, according to the equivalent curve of 3m, Subsidence Area is divided into three improvement areas by across pitch.One area and Three section length 285m, two section length 1515m.
(3) reclaim timing
According to requirement of the cultivation to water source depth, with reference to the maximum sinking value and diving bit depth of mining subsidence, Wa Shen areas Need further to dig deep 1.4m.Construct, be calculated as the interim maximum sinking value W of earth's surface in water in order to preventt= During 1300mm, shoveling work should be completed.With open-off cut moment t0Based on=0, when t1=104 days, face advanced distance D During=312m, earth's surface WtDuring=1300mm.
(4) band digs the deep shallow parameter of pad
Balanced and required according to excavation and filling, on principal section is tilted, the length in Wa Shen areas is 150m, and it is 515m to pad shallow section length. Influenced to resist residual deformation, field face is built from by extrorse 1% gradient in center.With reference to the construction requirements of field, band Width control system is advisable in 20-30m.
(5) Soil Reconstruction
The soil layer of Subsided Reclamation Region is divided into two layers of carry out Soil Reconstruction, first by the topsoil stripping of the first band, is deposited in one Area, for reclaiming for an area.Afterwards, according to the section design of band, carry out digging shallow, the reservation table earthen backfill mark of deep pad using subsoil It is high.Then the table soil in second strip Dian Qian areas is covered in the first band to have completed in the smooth Dian Qian areas of subsoil, completes first The Soil Reconstruction in the arable land of band.The table soil in second strip Wa Shen areas is transported to an area at the same time to be recycled.Is carried out afterwards The digging of two band subsoil is deeply padded and table is native replies work, and so on.During subsequent stripes of constructing at that time, Biao Tuwashen areas table soil Stacking be transported to 3rd area, easy to the work of reclaiming in last band of 2nd area and 3rd area.Construction process is as shown in Figure 4.
(6) technical economic analysis
1) Saving in time costs comparative analysis
Answered after being administered according to traditional mode, it is necessary to wait whole working face mining completion and subsidence stabilization Cultivate., it is necessary to could start to administer after 4.3 years for this research case.And dynamic reclaims can start exploitation 104 days in advance Afterwards, you can administered, the soil uncultivated time reduces nearly 4 years.Illustrate that dynamic pre-reclamation method can be greatly decreased soil and lie waste Time.
2) treatment cost
High underground water mining area, if after waiting steady sink, dig the deep shallow work of pad, it is necessary to which underwater work, construction cost are big Width increase, by analyzing norm for detailed estimates, workload under the same conditions, has water operating cost to be higher by more than 1 times.

Claims (1)

  1. The new method 1. a kind of high ground-water level coal field dynamic is reclaimed in advance, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps：(1) Administering zone
    First on principal section is moved towards, according to long-term groundwater level elevation, soil will be damaged caused by the working face mining, drawn Three classes of classifying administer area：
    One area, positioned at open-off cut side, belongs to earthen fill zone, control measures are padded by progress of fetching earth in 2nd area, are realized normal Farming；
    2nd area, positioned at moving towards in the middle part of principal section, belong to Wa Shendianqian areas, long-term ponding after mining subsidence, pass through slitting band dig it is deep Pad shallow administered；
    3rd area, positioned at stopping adopting line side, belong to earthen fill zone, carry out padded by fetching earth in 2nd area, realize normal farming；
    (2) reclaim timing
    According to Weibull mining subsidence kinematic function prediction functions, Secondary Reclamation Time selection function is obtained：
    <mrow> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mi>ct</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msup> </mrow> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>W</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> <mo>/</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>k</mi> </mfrac> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
    In formula：WtIt is the moment t interim sinking of earth's surface of reclaiming；W0It is earth's surface final subsidence value, is calculated according to mining conditions；C, k are equal For time influencing parameters, inverting is carried out according to dynamic Subsidence law and is obtained；
    That wherein the moment is reclaimed in decision is interim depression value Wt, it is determined according to claimed below：Before construction, it is desirable to earth's surface elevation Apart from phreatic table distance>(thickness of surface soil+digging is worth deeply), i.e.,：
    (H0-Wt)≥(Hw+h+d) (3)
    Wt≤[H0-(Hw+h+d)] (4)
    In formula：WtThe interim sinking of earth's surface；H0Original place table absolute altitude；HwPhreatic table absolute altitude；H top layers soil thickness；D breed in stew needs Deep-cut value (calculated according to the final value after stabilization and deep-cut value)；(3) band digs the deep shallow design of reclaiming of pad
    Two zonings are divided into some improvement bands by capwise principal section, are deformed using straight line approximate fits landform, band inner slope Drop i is obtained according to depression value after stabilization and band section length computation.
    On the semi-section of symmetrical banding, length of the Wa Shen areas on band section is set as x, and the length in Ze Dianqian areas is L/2- x.Balanced and required according to excavation and filling, ask for x：
    [h+ (h+x*i)] * x/2=[(L/2-x)2*i]/2 (5)
    X=(L2*i)/(8*h+4*L*i) (6)
    Above parameter is calculated according to the geometric parameter after stabilization, and when construction is considered as the influence of residual deformation, after improvement Field face should have certain counter-slope, offset the influence of follow-up residual deformation, the approximation of field face counter-slope is：
    is=(2Ws/L) (7)
    In formula, isFor field face slope surface；WsFor remaining deflection after the T moment；L is band length；(4) Soil Reconstruction designs
    It is some bands by the region division for needing to be unfolded dynamically to reclaim in advance, Wa Shen areas and Dian Qian areas, bar is divided into again in band Shallow with the deep pad of interior subsoil digging, bar interband table soil is replied, and will be administered area's soil layer and is divided into topsoil and subsoil, is then developed according to depression Process point band is administered.
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CN110876290A (en) * 2019-11-18 2020-03-13 西安科技大学 Comprehensive configuration method for mountainous, watery, forest, field, lake and grass in sand area with consideration of mining subsidence
CN111159643A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-05-15 西安科技大学 Method for influencing ground subsidence by Weibull time function based on measured data
CN113338929A (en) * 2021-07-07 2021-09-03 中国矿业大学 Prediction method for surface residual deformation of single narrow working face extremely-insufficient mining
CN114718038A (en) * 2022-04-11 2022-07-08 临沂矿业集团菏泽煤电有限公司彭庄煤矿 Method for treating 'back mining' subsidence land
CN115262515A (en) * 2022-07-25 2022-11-01 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院 Method for monitoring dynamic pre-reclamation earthwork construction of coal mining subsidence land

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CN109098753A (en) * 2018-08-09 2018-12-28 中国矿业大学 A kind of shallow coal scam diving leakage causes the division methods of calamity degree
CN110876290A (en) * 2019-11-18 2020-03-13 西安科技大学 Comprehensive configuration method for mountainous, watery, forest, field, lake and grass in sand area with consideration of mining subsidence
CN111159643A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-05-15 西安科技大学 Method for influencing ground subsidence by Weibull time function based on measured data
CN111159643B (en) * 2019-12-09 2023-04-07 西安科技大学 Method for influencing ground subsidence by Weibull time function based on measured data
CN113338929A (en) * 2021-07-07 2021-09-03 中国矿业大学 Prediction method for surface residual deformation of single narrow working face extremely-insufficient mining
CN114718038A (en) * 2022-04-11 2022-07-08 临沂矿业集团菏泽煤电有限公司彭庄煤矿 Method for treating 'back mining' subsidence land
CN115262515A (en) * 2022-07-25 2022-11-01 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院 Method for monitoring dynamic pre-reclamation earthwork construction of coal mining subsidence land

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