CN109588077B - Method for constructing paddy field on sandy surface soil - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing a paddy field on sandy surface soil, which comprises the following steps: analyzing soil layer structure of soil, stripping soil layer, constructing plough bottom layer, processing 'mixing and sticking' of plough layer and the like. The method can successfully construct the paddy field meeting the construction standard on the sandy loam surface, and relieve the resource environmental pressure brought by more people and less land in China; secondly, clay does not need to be transported outside, the problem of damage to the surface vegetation and landscape of the clay excavation land and damage to the ecological environment is solved, and the ecological environment protection spirit advocated by the state at present is met; secondly, the method provided by the invention combines a certain engineering means and an engineering calculation method, provides specific operation steps and schemes for constructing the paddy field on sandy surface soil, and is easy to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for constructing a paddy field on sandy surface soil.
Background
Rice is an important grain crop, nearly half of the world population uses rice as main grain, and the rice can be used for eating, brewing, sugar making and feed. The rice planting needs a large amount of cultivated land which is a valuable resource in China. However, in China, people are more and less, and the bearing pressure of the resource environment is huge. In order to implement the balance of land occupation and compensation and realize 'one-for-one occupation and one-for-one occupation, optimization and compensation and paddy field occupation and compensation', the transformation of an unused land or a dry land into a paddy field is an important land remediation means. The alluvial plains in all parts of the country have better topography and water conservancy conditions, and are easy to maintain and manage after the paddy fields are reclaimed.
CN108391478A discloses a method for manufacturing paddy fields by adopting engineering technical measures, which comprises the following steps: planning paddy field plots needing to be developed in land reclamation, and removing non-soil impurities above soil of the plots; stripping a plough layer with the depth of 20-25 cm from soil by using engineering machinery, and transferring the stripped soil to the vicinity of a land for subsequent use; carrying out rotary tillage operation on the soil on the land by using engineering machinery with the depth of 10-12 cm, and enabling the land after rotary tillage to be in a horizontal state; uniformly throwing 3-7 kg/m of permeability control agent into paddy field2Then spraying water, compacting and flattening by using engineering machinery, and manufacturing a field ridge; putting 4-6 cm of organic materials; and backfilling the removed soil to an engineering land block, and discharging water to carry out normal cultivation of the paddy field. The invention completely meets the requirement of the water leakage rate of the paddy field, and has better practicability and large-scale operability on the premise of meeting the national policy. However, the alluvial plain soil surface plough layer generally has a large sand content, and conflicts with the requirement of 'sandy loam soil' required by the construction standard of paddy fields, and the method in CN108391478A cannot solve the problem of the large sand content in the soil of the plough layer. Moreover, the soil in the reconstruction area is greatly changed compared with the native soil due to the need of putting a paddy field seepage control agent and the like, so that the heterogeneity of the soil is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for constructing a paddy field, in particular to a method for constructing a paddy field on sandy surface soil.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for constructing a paddy field on sandy surface soil comprises the steps of analyzing soil layer structure of the soil, stripping the soil layer, constructing a plough bottom layer, carrying out 'mixing and sticking' treatment on a plough layer and the like, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) analyzing the soil layer structure of the soil, and determining a plough layer, a transition layer and a clay layer of the soil;
2) sequentially stripping the plough layer, the transition layer and the clay layer according to the sequence from top to bottom, and storing the stripped plough layer, the transition layer and the clay layer to a temporary storage area;
3) backfilling the transition layer soil;
4) uniformly paving clay layer soil above the transition layer, and rolling to form a plough bottom layer, wherein the water content of the plough bottom layer is 60-80% of field water capacity, and the density is 1.45-1.55 g/cm3The soil hardness is 15-18 g/cm2The thickness is more than 10cm, and the water drop speed after water injection is less than 2 cm/day;
5) and uniformly paving the residual clay layer soil on the plough bottom layer, uniformly paving the plough layer soil on the clay layer soil, and rotary tillage by using a rotary cultivator until the clay layer soil and the plough layer soil are fully and uniformly mixed, wherein the content of the soil clay grains is N +5% after uniform mixing, wherein N is the content of the soil clay grains of the sandy loam in the American soil texture classification standard or the Kaqingsi soil texture classification standard.
Further, the soil stripping and backfilling adopt a stripping and backfilling mode from block to block.
Further, the temporary storage area needs to take protective measures to prevent water and soil loss.
Further, the protective measures include drainage, damming and/or covering.
Further, the volume ratio of the soil of the plough layer to the soil of the clay layer in the step 5) is X, and the calculation formula of X is as follows:
VOvolume of soil in the plough layer, VAVolume of clay layer soil, ROIs the volume weight of the soil of the plough layer, RAIs the volume weight of clay layer soil, COIs the physical clay content of the soil of the plough layer, CAThe content of clay particles is the physical clay content of the clay layer soil.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method can successfully construct the paddy field meeting the construction standard on the sandy loam surface, and relieve the resource environmental pressure brought by more people and less land in China.
2. The method of the invention does not need to transport clay outside, does not destroy and damage the earth surface vegetation and landscape of the clay excavation land, and causes the destruction of the ecological environment, and accords with the spirit of 'ecological environmental protection' advocated by the state now.
3. The method provided by the invention combines a certain engineering means and an engineering calculation method, provides specific operation steps and schemes for constructing the paddy field on sandy surface soil, and is easy to operate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a soil layer structure before and after construction.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, which are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Experiment for reclamation of paddy field in Liuge village of Donglizhen city of Rezhou, Guangdong province
1. A place: liuge village in east town of Rezhou city, Guangdong province
2. Time: 3-7 months in 2017
3. The method comprises the following specific steps: in the Dongli six-grid village of Rezhou, a 50 mu dry land is selected for carrying out a reclamation paddy field experiment. Digging a clay layer with the thickness of 30cm from the position 1-1.3 m below the ground surface. Taking a clay layer with a thickness of 20cm for constructing a plough bottom layer, and performing reciprocating rolling on the plough bottom layer for 3 times by using a 3-ton bulldozer (the speed is controlled to be 3km h)-1Left and right). The volume ratio X of sandy soil to clay calculated according to the classification standard of soil texture made in the United states is about 2:1, so that sandy soil with the surface soil thickness of 20cm is fully mixed with the remaining clay with the thickness of 10cm, and a plough layer is constructed. After the paddy field is constructed, the paddy rice is planted in one season according to the traditional paddy rice planting method.
4. As a result: the soil layer structure before and after construction is shown in figure 1, and the soil density of the constructed plough base layer is 1.53g/cm3The soil hardness is 16.7g/cm2The water drop rate is 1.4cm d-1All the above indexes reach the new reclamationThe construction standard of the paddy field plough base. The texture of the soil of the plough layer of the paddy field is detected to be sandy loam which meets the construction standard of newly reclaimed and reclaimed paddy fields. The construction unit price of land leveling project is about 2.85 ten thousand mu-1. The yield of the single-season rice is 703kg mu-1The average yield of the paddy field is basically equal to that of the paddy field in the surrounding area.
Example 2
Reclamation of paddy field engineering in Yangtze province Zhanjiang city tunnel Yangxi salicin Zhenjiu village
1. A place: yangxi Yangyu Zhengsuwucun tunnel Zhanjiang province in Guangdong province
2. Time: 6-8 months in 2018
3. The method comprises the following specific steps: a3282 mu dry land is selected to develop a reclamation project in the Zhanjiang city tunnel Yangxi Yangshu Liang. Digging a clay layer with the thickness of 20cm from a position about 0.6-0.8 m below the ground surface. Taking 15cm thick clay layer for constructing the plough bottom layer, and rolling on the plough bottom layer for 3 times (the speed is controlled at 3km h) in a reciprocating manner by using a 3-ton bulldozer-1Left and right). The volume ratio X of sandy soil to clay is calculated to be about 2:1 according to the classification standard of the soil texture of Kaqingsi system, so that sandy soil with the surface soil thickness of 10cm is fully mixed with the remaining clay with the thickness of 5cm, and a plough layer is constructed.
4. As a result: the soil density of the constructed plough bottom layer is 1.56g/cm3The soil hardness is 17.2g/cm2The water drop rate is 1.2cm d-1The indexes all reach the construction standard of the newly reclaimed paddy field plough bottom layer. The texture of the soil of the plough layer of the paddy field is detected to be sandy loam which meets the construction standard of newly reclaimed and reclaimed paddy fields. The construction unit price of land leveling project is about 2.71 ten thousand mu-1。
Example 3
Reclamation of paddy field engineering from southern pond town central slope of famous city, Guangdong province
1. A place: southern pond town center slope village in Maming city, Guangdong province
2. Time: 6-8 months in 2018
3. The method comprises the following specific steps: in the Central slope village of the southern pond town of the Mingmen city, 1800 mu of dry land is selected for carrying out the reclamation of paddy field engineering. Digging a clay layer with the thickness of 20cm from a position about 0.4-0.6 m below the ground surface. GetWherein a 15cm thick clay layer is used for constructing a plough bottom layer, and a 3-ton bulldozer is used for reciprocating rolling on the plough bottom layer for 3 times (the speed is controlled at 3km h)-1Left and right). The volume ratio X of sandy soil to clay is calculated to be about 2:1 according to the classification standard of the soil texture of Kaqingsi system, so that sandy soil with the surface soil thickness of 10cm is fully mixed with the remaining clay with the thickness of 5cm, and a plough layer is constructed.
4. As a result: the soil density of the constructed plough bottom layer is 1.49g/cm3The soil hardness is 16.5g/cm2The water drop rate is 0.8cm d-1The indexes all reach the construction standard of the newly reclaimed paddy field plough bottom layer. The texture of the soil of the plough layer of the paddy field is detected to be sandy loam which meets the construction standard of newly reclaimed and reclaimed paddy fields. The construction unit price of land leveling project is about 2.02 ten thousand mu-1。
Claims (4)
1. A method for constructing a paddy field on sandy surface soil is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) analyzing the soil layer structure of the soil, and determining a plough layer, a transition layer and a clay layer of the soil;
2) sequentially stripping the plough layer, the transition layer and the clay layer according to the sequence from top to bottom, and storing the stripped plough layer, the transition layer and the clay layer to a temporary storage area;
3) backfilling the transition layer soil;
4) uniformly paving clay layer soil above the transition layer, and rolling to form a plough bottom layer, wherein the water content of the plough bottom layer is 60-80% of field water capacity, and the density is 1.45-1.55 g/cm3The soil hardness is 15-18 g/cm2The thickness is more than 10cm, and the water drop speed after water injection is less than 2 cm/day;
5) uniformly paving the residual clay layer soil on a plough bottom layer, uniformly paving the plough layer soil on the clay layer soil, and carrying out rotary tillage by using a rotary cultivator until the clay layer soil and the plough layer soil are fully and uniformly mixed, wherein the content of soil clay grains is N +5% after uniform mixing, wherein N is the content of the soil clay grains of sandy loam in the American soil texture classification standard or the Kaqingsi soil texture classification standard;
the volume ratio of the soil of the plough layer to the soil of the clay layer is X, and the calculation formula of X is as follows:
VOvolume of soil in the plough layer, VAVolume of clay layer soil, ROIs the volume weight of the soil of the plough layer, RAIs the volume weight of clay layer soil, COIs the physical clay content of the soil of the plough layer, CAThe content of clay particles is the physical clay content of the clay layer soil.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: and the soil stripping and backfilling adopt a stripping and backfilling mode block by block.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the temporary storage area needs to take protective measures to prevent water and soil loss.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the protective measures include drainage and/or damming and/or covering.
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| CN110140467B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2021-08-24 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A reconstruction method of damaged soil in southern paddy fields |
| CN113447638B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2024-01-23 | 自然林(北京)科技有限公司 | Soil layer structure comparison analysis method and reconstruction method thereof |
| CN112170467B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2024-09-03 | 广东省建工设计院有限公司 | Method for repairing mercury contaminated soil |
| CN114503807A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-17 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for quickly manufacturing plough bottom layer in dry-land rice field |
| CN118000044A (en) * | 2024-01-24 | 2024-05-10 | 中冶沈勘工程技术有限公司 | Artificial configuration planting soil for mine reclamation |
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| CN102792800B (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2016-04-20 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of sandwich construction Reclamation by filling method be combined with soil layer based on gangue |
| CN105340406A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-02-24 | 云南农业大学 | Reconstruction method of plough layer of waterlogging farmland |
| CN107710940A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-02-23 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所 | One kind cultivates the organic reconstructing method of soil body when causing paddy field |
| CN108496447A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-07 | 贵州博锐生态技术有限公司 | A kind of method of engineering Paddy Field Development |
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