CN101709645A - Method for locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas - Google Patents
Method for locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas, which belongs to the technical field of mining, and is used for solving the problems of poor quality of reclaimed soil, difficult subsequent soil improvement and the like in the reclamation technology for cultivated land of the mining subsidence areas. The technical scheme is that the method is implemented by the following steps of: a, acquiring soil profile information; b, determining a surface soil texture allocation coefficient t; c, dividing construction sections; and d, performing layered construction. Compared with the conventional land reclamation technology, the method has the advantages that: the method effectively maintains original structural layers of soil profiles, protects fertile surface soil resources, and maintains the ecological environment of the soil; in the method, the quality of reclaimed soil is higher; and for cultivated land with poor texture (sandy or clay) of surface soil, the method can utilize the complementarity of the soil texture of different profile layers to achieve the effect of improving the texture of the surface soil through reasonable allocation during the construction, which improves the quality of the soil and reduces subsequent soil improvement difficulty.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mining collapse area reclaim technology, especially the land reclamation method of Plain high underground water mining area thick coal-layer mining Subsidence Area, belong to the mining technique field.
Background technology
The subsidence land destruction area that coal mining causes has a large capacity and a wide range, when the face of land height after the depression is lower than the underground latent water position, will cause surface pond, the mining area, Plain of middle high ground-water level particularly, quite a few is the major grain producing area for these mining areas, because of the arable land breakoff phenomenon that coal mining depression ponding causes particularly serious.In order to protect valuable cultivated land resource, taking certain measure to reclaim, settlement failure ploughs is necessary.Because the mining area lacks filler, existing land reclamation technology usually suits measures to local conditions to take the mode that fetches earth on the spot arable lands of reclaiming, and promptly the more shallow place of depression forms the arable land depression takes backfilling of earthwork than the depths near.According to the present common operation sequence of reclaiming, often the face of land vegetable soil in borrow area is turned over the lower floor to the back filled region, the table soil of back filled region then is lower floor's immature soil in borrow area, perhaps the levels mixing with soil, the soil quality of reclaiming is not high, has increased follow-up reclamation difficulty.In addition, topsoil quality situation after the existing technology less relevance of reclaiming is reclaimed, the bad soil texture (chiltern or cement) can have influence on soil quality and improvement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of land quality of reclaiming that improves effectively is provided, and has reduced the locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas method of follow-up reclamation cost.
The alleged problem of the present invention is solved by following technical scheme:
A kind of locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas method, its special feature is that it is implemented according to following steps:
A. soil profile information is obtained: project district ponding is got rid of, then at borrow area shoveling earth section, determine topsoil, subsoil and substratum thickness data, obtain each level soil weight data simultaneously, step is gathered each layer of section pedotheque, determines each level soil texture data by the soil particle composition analysis;
B. determine topsoil quality allotment coefficient t:
In the formula: d
1, d
2Unit weight for topsoil and subsoil; x
1, y
1Be respectively clay, the sand grain content of topsoil; x
2, y
2Be respectively clay, the sand grain content of subsoil; T is the allotment coefficient;
Glue partially when table is native, i.e. x
1＞15%, and the inclined to one side sand y of substratum
2＞85% o'clock, derive allotment coefficient t by formula (1-1) and should satisfy following condition:
As table soil inclined to one side sand, i.e. y
1＞85%, and the sticking partially x of subsoil
2＞15% o'clock, derive allotment coefficient t by formula (1-1) and should satisfy following condition:
C. the section of constructing is divided: according to topography and geomorphology, the desired diving buried depth requirement of ploughing of reclaiming after the depression, determine the control absolute altitude of reclaiming, according to dig, the principle of earth fill balance fetches earth zone, backfill dividing region; Size according to fetch earth zone and backfill zone is divided into the n section respectively with borrow area and back filled region, and n is 3 multiple relation, and the section that wherein fetches earth is respectively A
1-A
n, the backfill section is respectively B
1-B
n
D. construction in layer: according to the section of being divided that fetches earth, backfill section, topsoil, subsoil and substratum take backfill respectively for three layers, construction in layer, and according to allotment coefficient t, finish the allotment to topsoil from top to bottom according to soil profile.
Above-mentioned locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas method, the construction in layer process is as follows in the described d step: at first, with borrow area A
1Topsoil, heart worker layer dig respectively to put on one side and pile up by order from the bottom up, take its substratum pad to back filled region B
1Section as its substratum; Secondly, with borrow area A
2Topsoil dig and put on one side, with its subsoil pad to back filled region B
1On the substratum as its subsoil, take its substratum pad to back filled region B
2Section as its substratum; Then, with borrow area A
3Topsoil, subsoil, substratum fill up respectively to back filled region B
1, B
2, B
3, promptly respectively as back filled region B
1, B
2, B
3Topsoil, subsoil, substratum, with borrow area A
3Topsoil be backfilled to B
1In the time of as topsoil, according to allocating coefficient t from borrow area A
1The substratum zone take the part subsoil again and be backfilling into B
1Topsoil; Carry out at fetch earth section and backfill section successively according to said process, until borrow area A
nSubstratum till, last, with borrow area A
1The topsoil that sets aside and take A according to allotment coefficient t
N-1Substratum mix and to be backfilled to B
N-1Go up as its topsoil, with borrow area A
1The subsoil pad that sets aside is to back filled region B
nOn as its subsoil, A
2The topsoil that sets aside and take A according to allotment coefficient t
nThe subsoil mixing is backfilled to B
nOn as topsoil.
Above-mentioned locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas method, design elevation 〉=underground latent water position absolute altitude 1m reclaims in the control arable land.
The inventive method based on existing mining subsidence district plough the technology of reclaiming reclaim soil quality not high, increase problems such as follow-up reclamation difficulty, a kind of method of the soil texture afterwards of reclaiming that helps improving is proposed.The core of this method is the protection of the original section level of soil and the improvement of topsoil quality.The inventive method is compared with existing land reclamation technology, has shown following advantage: effectively kept original soil profile layer of structure, protected fertile table soil resource, kept ecological environment of soil, the soil quality of reclaiming is higher; Arable land to the top layer soil texture bad (chiltern or cement), can utilize different section level soil texture complementarity, in construction, reach the effect that improves the topsoil quality, improved soil quality, reduced follow-up reclamation difficulty by rational allocation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the inventive method construction section is divided schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is an excavation and filling of the present invention district generalized section;
Fig. 3 is that embodiment of the invention construction section is divided schematic diagram.
Number in the figure is expressed as follows: the 1-topsoil; The 2-subsoil; The 3-substratum; The 4-bit line of diving under water; The face of land after the 5-depression; The 6-borrow area; The 7-back filled region.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is from protection soil layer structure and the angle that improves the arable land topsoil quality of reclaiming; a kind of method that is applicable to the thick coal-layer mining depression ground land reclamation of mining area, Plain is provided; arable land after this method makes and reclaims is keeping on original soil layer architecture basics; table soil to bad quality carries out the quality improvement, reaches the purpose that improves the quality of reclaiming.
The inventive method realizes as follows:
A soil profile information is obtained: at first project district ponding is got rid of, then at borrow area shoveling earth section, the soil profile degree of depth requires to be not less than the degree of depth that fetches earth of project construction, determines topsoil, subsoil and substratum thickness data; Obtain each level soil weight data simultaneously; Gather each layer of section pedotheque synchronously, determine each level soil texture data by the soil particle composition analysis.The anthropogenic soil cross-section structure is divided into topsoil, subsoil, three levels of substratum from top to bottom.Topsoil is positioned at the face of land, is the main level of rural activity, also is the main activities layer of crops root system, and thickness is generally in 20～40cm scope; Subsoil is positioned under the topsoil, and this layer is subjected to the pressure of the top soil body and tightr, is subjected to a little less than the influence of weather and ground flora growth, and thickness generally is about 20～30cm; Substratum is positioned under the subsoil, not influenced by farming, is keeping the original looks of matrix or the native illuvium of former mother.
B topsoil quality allotment coefficient t determines: determine the final constructure scheme of reclaiming according to the information such as soil profile soil texture situation that rise.Level differentiation from the soil texture, topsoil is close with the subsoil level, and level thickness is little, the quality differentiation is generally not obvious between level, substratum and topsoil distance are far away, influenced by weather and farming and differ greatly, and the soil texture often differs greatly between level, therefore, the present invention utilizes underearth that topsoil is carried out the quality improvement in the process of reclaiming.If there is inclined to one side sand (sand grain content is greater than 85%) in the topsoil quality or glues the bad proterties of (showing native clay content greater than 15%) partially, and section subsoil quality has complementarity, can make the back table soil of reclaiming meet loamy soil standard (i.e. the clay content of table soil less than 15%, sand grain content is less than 85%) by the rational allocation of topsoil and underearth, therefore, according to following formula computational chart soil allotment coefficient t (allotment coefficient t is the subsoil volume and the ratio of topsoil volume).
In the formula: d
1, d
2Unit weight for topsoil and subsoil; x
1, y
1Be respectively clay, the sand grain content of topsoil; x
2, y
2Be respectively clay, the sand grain content of subsoil; T is allotment coefficient, i.e. topsoil volume: the subsoil volume is 1: t.
Glue partially when table is native, i.e. x
1＞15%, and the inclined to one side sand y of substratum
2＞85% o'clock, derive allotment coefficient t by formula (1-1) and should satisfy following condition:
As table soil inclined to one side sand, i.e. y
1＞85%, and the sticking partially x of subsoil
2＞15% o'clock, derive allotment coefficient t by formula (1-1) and should satisfy following condition:
According to (1-2) or calculating (1-3), the value of allotment coefficient t is an interval, and being chosen under the principle of taking all factors into consideration allotment Tu Yuan and the protection of table soil of t value rationally chosen.
When the topsoil quality belongs to loamy texture soil scope (is x
1＜15%, y
1＜85%), then allocating coefficient t value is 0, does not promptly need his-and-hers watches soil to carry out soil texture ameliorative measure.
When there was not complementarity in the different section level soil textures, then this method was inapplicable.
C construction section is divided: according to the requirement of topography and geomorphology, the arable land design elevation of reclaiming 〉=underground latent water position absolute altitude 1m after the depression, determine the control absolute altitude of reclaiming, according to dig, the principle of earth fill balance fetches earth zone, backfill dividing region; Referring to Fig. 1, the size according to fetch earth zone and backfill zone is divided into the n section respectively with borrow area and back filled region, and n is 3 multiple relation, and the section that wherein fetches earth is respectively A
1-A
n, the backfill section is respectively B
1-B
n
The d construction in layer: work progress is according to the section of being divided that fetches earth, backfill section, and topsoil, subsoil and substratum take backfill respectively for three layers, construction in layer, and according to allotment coefficient t, finish the allotment to topsoil from top to bottom according to soil profile.Work progress is as follows: at first, and with borrow area A
1Topsoil, subsoil dig respectively to put on one side and pile up by order from the bottom up, take its substratum pad to back filled region B
1Section as its substratum; Secondly, with borrow area A
2Topsoil dig and put on one side, with its subsoil pad to back filled region B
1On the substratum as its subsoil, take its substratum pad to back filled region B
2Section as its substratum; Then, with borrow area A
3Topsoil, subsoil, substratum fill up respectively to back filled region B
1, B
2, B
3, promptly respectively as back filled region B
1, B
2, B
3Topsoil, subsoil, substratum, in order to improve the topsoil quality, with borrow area A
3Topsoil be backfilled to B
1In the time of as topsoil, according to allocating coefficient t from borrow area A
1The substratum zone take the part subsoil again and be backfilling into B
1Topsoil.Successively the section of back filled region B is divided into backfill according to said process, until borrow area A
nSubstratum till, last, with borrow area A
1The topsoil that sets aside and take A according to allotment coefficient t
N-1Subsoil mix and to be backfilled to B
N-1Go up as its topsoil, with borrow area A
1The subsoil pad that sets aside is to back filled region B
nOn as its subsoil, A
2Topsoil that sets aside and corresponding A than row
nSubsoil mix and to be backfilled to B
nOn as topsoil.So far, the whole backfill of fetching earth the on the spot end-of-job of reclaiming.The back soil profile of reclaiming has been kept original soil profile structure substantially.Referring to Fig. 2, this is an excavation and filling district generalized section, and 6 earthen backfills of taking out are to the back filled region 7 from the borrow area, and back filled region 7 is substratum 1, subsoil 2, topsoil 3 from bottom to top.The face of land is shown in 5 after the depression before the backfill, and the underground latent water bit line is shown in 4.
Provide several specific embodiments below:
Embodiment one: Plain, East China high underground water mining area, and this district phreatic table absolute altitude+39.5m, absolute altitude+41.0m before the land subsidence, the seam mining subsidence degree of depth is about 4m, and the average product water depth is about 2.5m.For ploughing, plough before the depression of project district based on dry farming.
Soil profile information is obtained: at first the district's ponding of reclaiming is got rid of in ditching, treats to take the dark soil profile of about 2m after ponding is got rid of, and determines that thickness of surface soil is 0.40m, and the about 0.20m of subsoil thickness down is substratum.Each level soil weight is respectively 1.33g/cm
3, 1.43g/cm
3And 1.54g/cm
3Each level groups of grains of soil profile becomes to see Table 1:
Table 1 soil mechanical composition analysis result
| Soil layer | X clay percentage composition % (＜0.002mm) | Y sand grains percentage composition % (＞0.05mm) | Flour sand grain percentage composition % (0.002-0.05mm) | Teature name |
| Topsoil | ??1.35 | ??91.25 | ??7.40 | Sand soil |
| Soil layer | X clay percentage composition % (＜0.002mm) | Y sand grains percentage composition % (＞0.05mm) | Flour sand grain percentage composition % (0.002-0.05mm) | Teature name |
| Subsoil | ??6.25 | ??76.53 | ??17.22 | Loamy soil |
| Substratum | ??21.52 | ??55.48 | ??23.00 | Clay soil |
The allotment coefficient is determined: according to this project district soil profile level, the topsoil particle is formed medium sand grain content y
1=91.25%＞85%, the soil texture belongs to sand, has the bad proterties of quality; The substratum soil particle is formed medium clay soil content x
2=21.52%＞15%, the soil texture belongs to clay; Therefore, when making up topsoil, can utilize the complementarity of the substratum soil texture to show the improvement of the native soil texture.Because the topsoil soil texture is a chiltern, utilize formula (1-3) to calculate allotment coefficient t value.
In order to improve the native nutrient content of table, show the soil protection, the proportion of raising table soil in allotment soil of when choosing the t value, trying one's best, generally the t value is got smaller value, and therefore, allotment coefficient t is defined as 0.2, and promptly 5 parts of table soil mix the topsoil that makes up the arable land of reclaiming with 1 part of subsoil.
Construction field piece is divided: underground latent water position, project district absolute altitude is+39.5m, according to of the requirement of dry farming crops to the underground latent water buried depth, the arable land absolute altitude should descend more than the phreatic table 1m above Ground, in order to save backfill earth volume and construction cost, determines that backfill design elevation in arable land is+40.5m.According to the arable land reclaim absolute altitude, dig that the fish pond absolute altitude is cultured in dark district and the cut and fill balance principle is divided the excavation and filling zone, determine that average excavation and filling earthwork thickness is 1.5m.Excavation and filling zone long 700～750m, wide 40～50m will grow the limit and be divided into 15 sections by 45～55m for the interval, form the construction section of 15 long 45～55m, wide 40～50m, and satisfy 3 multiple relation.
Construction in layer: referring to Fig. 3, A
1～A
15Section, B are divided in the expression borrow area
1～B
15Section is divided in the expression back filled region, and satisfying 15 is 3 multiple, the condition that the excavation and filling section is identical.It digs, pad is expressed as in proper order: at first, and with A
1The subsoil of topsoil, 0.20m of 0.40m dig respectively and put on one side, with the substratum pad of its 0.82m thick (, when subsoil takes, having deducted allotment subsoil thickness) in order to guarantee design elevation to B
1As its substratum; Secondly, with A
2The 0.40m topsoil dig and put on one side, with the subsoil pad of its 0.20m to B
1On the substratum as the substratum pad of its subsoil, 0.82m to B
2As its substratum; Then, with A
3Topsoil that the 0.4m of section is thick and A
1The substratum mixed mat of the 0.08m of section thick (satisfying the native subsoil allotment of table coefficient is 0.2) is to B
1Section as the subsoil pad of its topsoil, 0.20m to B
2As the substratum pad of its subsoil, 0.82m to B
3As its substratum.So move in circles, until A
15The substratum pad to B
15As its substratum, A
1Topsoil that sets aside and satisfied allotment coefficient are 0.2 A
14The substratum mixed mat is to B
14Go up as its topsoil.With A
1The subsoil pad that sets aside is to back filled region B
15On as its subsoil, A
2Topsoil that sets aside and satisfied allotment coefficient are 0.2 A
15Mixed mat is to B
15On as topsoil.So far, the whole end-of-job that fetches earth on the spot.The back soil profile of reclaiming has been kept original soil profile structure substantially.
Embodiment two: Plain, East China high underground water mining area, and absolute altitude+41.5m before this underground latent water position, mining area absolute altitude+39.8m, land subsidence, generally about 4m, the average product water depth is generally about 2.3m for the seam mining subsidence degree of depth.Dry farming is ploughed before the depression of project district.The technical scheme of reclaiming is as follows:
Soil profile information is obtained: at first the district's ponding of reclaiming is got rid of in ditching, treats to take the dark soil profile of about 2m after ponding is got rid of, and determines that thickness of surface soil is 0.20m, and the about 0.30m of subsoil thickness down is substratum.Each level soil weight is respectively 1.31g/cm
3, 1.40g/cm
3And 1.53g/cm
3Each level groups of grains of soil profile becomes to see Table 2:
Table 2 soil mechanical composition analysis result
| Soil layer | X clay percentage composition % (＜0.002mm) | Y sand grains percentage composition % (＞0.05mm) | Flour sand grain percentage composition % (0.002-0.05mm) | Teature name |
| Topsoil | ??5.30 | ??88.55 | ??6.15 | Sand soil |
| Subsoil | ??8.75 | ??71.97 | ??19.28 | Loamy soil |
| Substratum | ??25.38 | ??50.07 | ??24.55 | Clay soil |
The allotment coefficient is determined: according to this project district soil profile level, the topsoil particle is formed medium sand grain content y
1=88.55%＞85%, the soil texture belongs to sand, has the bad proterties of quality; The substratum soil particle is formed medium clay soil content x
2=25.38%＞15%, the soil texture belongs to clay; Therefore, when making up topsoil, can utilize the complementarity of the substratum soil texture to show the improvement of the native soil texture.Because the topsoil soil texture is a chiltern, can utilize formula (1-3) to calculate allotment coefficient t value.
In order to improve the native nutrient content of table, show the soil protection, the proportion of raising table soil in allotment soil of when choosing the t value, trying one's best; general t value is got smaller value; therefore, this allotment coefficient t is defined as 0.1, and promptly 10 parts of table soil mix the topsoil that makes up the arable land of reclaiming with 1 part of subsoil.
Construction field piece is divided: because absolute altitude is buried in underground latent water position, project district be+39.8m, according to of the requirement of dry farming crops to the underground latent water buried depth, the arable land absolute altitude should descend more than the phreatic table 1m above Ground, in order to save backfill earth volume and construction cost, determines that backfill design elevation in arable land is+40.8m.According to the arable land reclaim absolute altitude, dig that the fish pond absolute altitude is cultured in dark district and the cut and fill balance principle is divided the excavation and filling zone, determine that average excavation and filling earthwork thickness is 1.5m.Because excavation and filling zone long 600～660m, wide 35～50m will grow the limit and be divided into 15 sections by 40～45m for the interval, form the construction section of 15 long 40～45m, wide 35～50m, and satisfy 3 multiple relation.
Construction in layer: referring to Fig. 3, A
1～A
15Section, B are divided in the expression borrow area
1～B
15Section is divided in the expression back filled region, and satisfying 15 is 3 multiple, the condition that the excavation and filling section is identical.It digs, pad is expressed as in proper order: at first, and with A
1The subsoil of topsoil, 0.30m of 0.20m dig respectively and put on one side, with the substratum pad of its 0.98m thick (, when subsoil takes, having deducted allotment subsoil thickness) in order to guarantee design elevation to B
1As its substratum; Secondly, with A
2The 0.20m topsoil dig and put on one side, with the subsoil pad of its 0.30m to B
1On the substratum as the substratum pad of its subsoil, 0.98m to B
2As its substratum; Then, with A
3Topsoil that the 0.20m of section is thick and A
1The substratum mixed mat of the 0.02m of section thick (satisfying the native subsoil allotment of table coefficient is 0.1) is to B
1Section as the subsoil pad of its topsoil, 0.30m to B
2As the substratum pad of its subsoil, 0.98m to B
3As its substratum.So move in circles, until A
15The substratum pad to B
15As its substratum, A
1Topsoil that sets aside and satisfied allotment coefficient are 0.1 A
14The substratum mixed mat is to B
14Go up as its topsoil.With A
1The subsoil pad that sets aside is to back filled region B
15On as its subsoil, A
2Topsoil that sets aside and satisfied allotment coefficient are 0.1 A
15Mixed mat is to B
15On as topsoil.So far, the whole end-of-job that fetches earth on the spot.The back soil profile of reclaiming has been kept original soil profile structure substantially.
Embodiment three: Plain, East China high underground water mining area, and this district phreatic table absolute altitude+39.3m, absolute altitude+40.8m before the land subsidence, generally about 3.5m, the average product water depth is generally about 2.0m for the seam mining subsidence degree of depth.Dry farming is ploughed before the depression of project district.The technical scheme of reclaiming is as follows:
Soil profile information is obtained: at first the district's ponding of reclaiming is got rid of in ditching, treats to take the dark soil profile of about 2m after ponding is got rid of, and determines that thickness of surface soil is 0.32m, and the about 0.25m of subsoil thickness down is substratum.Each level soil weight is respectively 1.38g/cm
3, 1.42g/cm
3And 1.50g/cm
3Each level groups of grains of soil profile becomes to see Table 3:
Table 3 soil mechanical composition analysis result
| Soil layer | X clay percentage composition % (＜0.002mm) | Y sand grains percentage composition % (＞0.05mm) | Flour sand grain percentage composition % (0.002-0.05mm) | Teature name |
| Topsoil | ??18.50 | ??52.78 | ??28.72 | Clay soil |
| Subsoil | ??10.75 | ??73.25 | ??16.00 | Loamy soil |
| Substratum | ??1.39 | ??88.85 | ??9.76 | Sand soil |
The allotment coefficient is determined: according to this project district soil profile level, and clay content x during the topsoil particle is formed
1=18.50%＞15%, the soil texture belongs to clay, has the bad proterties of quality; Sand grain content y during the substratum soil particle is formed
2=88.85%＞85%, the soil texture belongs to sand; Therefore, when making up topsoil, can utilize the complementarity of the substratum soil texture to show the improvement of the native soil texture.Because the topsoil soil texture is a cement, can utilize formula (1-2) to calculate allotment coefficient t value.
In order to improve the native nutrient content of table, show the soil protection, the proportion of raising table soil in allotment soil of when choosing the t value, trying one's best; general t value is got smaller value; therefore, this allotment coefficient t is defined as 0.25, and promptly 4 parts of table soil mix the topsoil that makes up the arable land of reclaiming with 1 part of subsoil.
Construction field piece is divided: because absolute altitude is buried in underground latent water position, project district be+39.3m, according to of the requirement of dry farming crops to the underground latent water buried depth, the arable land absolute altitude should descend more than the phreatic table 1m above Ground, in order to save backfill earth volume and construction cost, determines that backfill design elevation in arable land is+40.3m.According to the arable land reclaim absolute altitude, dig that the fish pond absolute altitude is cultured in dark district and the cut and fill balance principle is divided the excavation and filling zone, determine that average excavation and filling earthwork thickness is 1.6m.Because excavation and filling zone long 650～720m, wide 38～56m will grow the limit and be divided into 15 sections by 43～48m for the interval, form the construction section of 15 long 43～48m, wide 38～56m, and satisfy 3 multiple relation.
Construction in layer: referring to Fig. 3, A
1～A
15Section, B are divided in the expression borrow area
1～B
15Section is divided in the expression back filled region, and satisfying 15 is 3 multiple, the condition that the excavation and filling section is identical.It digs, pad is expressed as in proper order: at first, and with A
1The subsoil of topsoil, 0.25m of 0.32m dig respectively and put on one side, with the substratum pad of its 0.95m thick (, when subsoil takes, having deducted allotment subsoil thickness) in order to guarantee design elevation to B
1As its substratum; Secondly, with A
2The 0.32m topsoil dig and put on one side, with the subsoil pad of its 0.25m to B
1On the substratum as the substratum pad of its subsoil, 0.95m to B
2As its substratum; Then, with A
3Topsoil that the 0.32m of section is thick and A
1The substratum mixed mat of the 0.08m of section thick (satisfying the native subsoil allotment of table coefficient is 0.25) is to B
1Section as the subsoil pad of its topsoil, 0.25m to B
2As the substratum pad of its subsoil, 0.95m to B
3As its substratum.So move in circles, until A
15The substratum pad to B
15As its substratum, A
1Topsoil that sets aside and satisfied allotment coefficient are 0.1 A
14The substratum mixed mat is to B
14Go up as its topsoil.With A
1The subsoil pad that sets aside is to back filled region B
15On as its subsoil, A
2Topsoil that sets aside and satisfied allotment coefficient are 0.25 A
15Mixed mat is to B
15On as topsoil.So far, the whole end-of-job that fetches earth on the spot.The back soil profile of reclaiming has been kept original soil profile structure substantially.
Claims (3)
1. locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas method is characterized in that it is implemented according to following steps:
A. soil profile information is obtained: project district ponding is got rid of, then at borrow area shoveling earth section, determine topsoil, subsoil and substratum thickness data, obtain each level soil weight data simultaneously, step is gathered each layer of section pedotheque, determines each level soil texture data by the soil particle composition analysis;
B. determine topsoil quality allotment coefficient t:
In the formula: d
1, d
2Unit weight for topsoil and subsoil; x
1, y
1Be respectively clay, the sand grain content of topsoil; x
2, y
2Be respectively clay, the sand grain content of subsoil; T is the allotment coefficient;
Glue partially when table is native, i.e. x
1＞15%, and the inclined to one side sand y of substratum
2＞85% o'clock, derive allotment coefficient t by formula (1-1) and should satisfy following condition:
As table soil inclined to one side sand, i.e. y
1＞85%, and the sticking partially x of subsoil
2＞15% o'clock, derive allotment coefficient t by formula (1-1) and should satisfy following condition:
C. the section of constructing is divided: according to topography and geomorphology, the desired diving buried depth requirement of ploughing of reclaiming after the depression, determine the control absolute altitude of reclaiming, according to dig, the principle of earth fill balance fetches earth zone, backfill dividing region; Size according to fetch earth zone and backfill zone is divided into the n section respectively with borrow area and back filled region, and n is 3 multiple relation, and the section that wherein fetches earth is respectively A
1-A
n, the backfill section is respectively B
1-B
n
D. construction in layer: according to the section of being divided that fetches earth, backfill section, topsoil, subsoil and substratum take backfill respectively for three layers, construction in layer, and according to allotment coefficient t, finish the allotment to topsoil from top to bottom according to soil profile.
2. locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the construction in layer process is as follows in the described d step: at first, and with borrow area A
1Topsoil, subsoil dig respectively to put on one side and pile up by order from the bottom up, take its substratum pad to back filled region B
1Section as its substratum; Secondly, with borrow area A
2Topsoil dig and put on one side, with its subsoil pad to back filled region B
1On the substratum as its subsoil, take its substratum pad to back filled region B
2Section as its substratum; Then, with borrow area A
3Topsoil, subsoil, substratum fill up respectively to back filled region B
1, B
2, B
3, promptly respectively as back filled region B
1, B
2, B
3Topsoil, subsoil, substratum, with borrow area A
3Topsoil be backfilled to B
1In the time of as topsoil, according to allocating coefficient t from borrow area A
1The substratum zone take the part subsoil again and be backfilling into B
1Topsoil; Carry out at fetch earth section and backfill section successively according to said process, until borrow area A
nSubstratum till, last, with borrow area A
1The topsoil that sets aside and according to the A of allotment coefficient t ratio
N-1Subsoil mix and to be backfilled to B
N-1Go up as its topsoil, with borrow area A
1The subsoil pad that sets aside is to back filled region B
nOn as its subsoil, A
2Topsoil that sets aside and corresponding A than row
nSubsoil mix and to be backfilled to B
nOn as topsoil.
3. locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: design elevation 〉=underground latent water position absolute altitude 1m reclaims in the control arable land.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910175366A CN101709645A (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2009-12-17 | Method for locally taking soil to reclaim mining subsidence areas of thick coal seams of mining areas |
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