CN107983147A - 一种除甲醛静电贴及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜及其应用。它包括除甲醛层、基材层、静电层以及保护纸，它是在基材层的一面喷涂或涂布除甲醛层，其厚度为0.2‑0.5mm；所述的除甲醛层为可见光催化剂涂层，主要为重量分数比为1：0.01‑0.05的二氧化钛和贵金属元素。本发明赋予了静电贴去除甲醛、杀菌除臭、净化空气的功能，将其贴到室内玻璃、瓷砖、冰箱、车窗等光滑表面，为室内及车内空气治理提供了一条新的途径；同时除甲醛层采用了纳米二氧化钛掺杂贵金属元素的光催化剂成分，可在太阳光或者日光灯照射下有效去除甲醛，去除率大于95%。同时除甲醛静电贴无需使用不干胶类产品所用的各种粘合剂，利用静电真空吸附原理吸附于光滑表面，具有很强的黏着力，清除时无痕不留胶，不会对载体表面造成损伤，可反复撕贴使用，经济环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于环境保护技术领域，涉及一种静电贴膜，具体涉及一种具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜。
背景技术
甲醛是一种有强烈刺激性气味的无色气体，长期接触低浓度甲醛，可引起神经系统、免疫系统、呼吸系统、肝脏的损害和头晕、头痛、乏力、嗜睡、食欲减退、体重减轻、视力下降、中毒等症状，甲醛已被世界卫生组织确定为致癌和致畸形物质。有调查统计，80%的家庭室内空气质量达不到国家标准要求，而这其中近90%的质量超标是由甲醛引起的。甲醛的危害已经引起人们的广泛关注，甲醛的污染控制关乎人类的生命健康。
常用的甲醛污染控制方法有通风换气、植物分解、物理化学吸附、光催化氧化、生物降解等。其中，光催化氧化法可在光和催化剂的作用下分解甲醛，高效快捷，实用经济，在去除甲醛方面具有显著的优势。目前市场上光催化氧化处理甲醛净化空气的主流产品主要为具备光催化氧化功能的空气净化器和含有各种类型光催化剂的空气净化剂、除醛剂、除醛凝胶等。空气净化器价格比较昂贵，后期多需要运行维护；空气净化剂、除醛剂需要喷涂在家具、地毯、地板等物体表面，日常室内活动和清洁容易造成催化组分的流失；除醛凝胶则存在作用表面积小的技术缺陷。
传统静电贴是采用静电膜材质，依靠静电吸附到承载面上的贴纸，一般包括基材层、静电层和保护纸三层，传统静电贴不具备除甲醛、净化空气的功能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对目前市场上除甲醛产品的技术缺陷，提出一种具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜，它是在传统静电贴膜中增加了除甲醛层，使之具备去除甲醛、杀菌除臭、净化空气的功能。
为实现上述目的，本发明公开了如下的技术方案：
一种具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜，它包括除甲醛层1、基材层2、静电层3以及保护纸4，其特征在于在基材层2的一面喷涂或涂布除甲醛层1，其厚度为0.2-0.5mm；所述的甲醛层1为可见光催化剂涂层，其原料为纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）掺杂贵金属元素；其中二氧化钛：贵金属元素的重量分数比为1：0.01-0.05。
本发明所述的具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜，其中所述的纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）掺杂贵金属元素一个优选的混合是：纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）掺杂Ag、Pt，其中TiO2：Ag：Pt的重量份数比为1：0.02：0.01。
本发明更进一步公开了具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜在提高承载体表面甲醛去除率净化空气方面的应用。所述的承载体一般指的是：室内玻璃、瓷砖、冰箱、车窗等光滑表面。实验结果显示，静电贴膜可在太阳光或者日光灯照射下有效去除甲醛，去除率大于95%。
本发明更加详细的描述如下：
一种除甲醛静电贴，包括除甲醛层、基材层、静电层和保护纸。还可根据需要增设隔热层、防紫外线层、防辐射层、喷绘层、增透层等使其具有隔热、防紫外线、防辐射、美观等一系列功能。
所述基材层为高分子材料的防水透明膜或半透明膜层，一般为：对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）、聚碳酸酯（PC）、苯丙环丁烯（BCB）或聚环烯烃。厚度为0.01-1mm之间。
所述除甲醛层中的纳米TiO2是一种高效的光催化剂，在紫外线的激发下，能够产生具有强氧化能力的羟基自由基，有效降解甲醛及空气中的有机污染物。
所述除甲醛层中掺杂的Pt、Ag、Ce、Rh、Pd、Au等贵金属元素能够将纳米TiO2的光催化能力拓展至可见光范畴，即在太阳光或者日光灯照射下，也能发生强烈的光催化降解甲醛的反应，并兼具杀菌、净化空气的功效。
所述静电层利用静电吸附到承载面上，对各种光滑的表面具有很强的黏着力，可反复撕贴，厚度在0.01-0.1mm之间。
所述保护纸为在白色原纸上有聚乙烯（PE）淋膜，厚度在0.01-1mm之间。
本发明公开的具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜的理化性质如下：
（1）对甲醛去除率大于95%，对甲醛有长效的祛除作用；
（2）苯、TVOC去除率大于90%；
（3）无毒无害无刺激、无二次污染。
本发明公开的具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜与现有技术相比所具有的积极效果在于：
（1）本发明在传统静电贴膜表面增加了除甲醛层，赋予了静电贴去除甲醛、杀菌除臭、净化空气的功能，将其贴到室内玻璃、瓷砖、冰箱、车窗等光滑表面，为室内及车内空气治理提供了一条新的途径；
（2）除甲醛层采用了纳米TiO2掺杂Pt、Ag、Ce、Rh、Pd、Au等贵金属元素的光催化剂成分，可在太阳光或者日光灯照射下有效去除甲醛，去除率大于95%；
（3）除甲醛静电贴无需使用不干胶类产品所用的各种粘合剂，利用静电真空吸附原理吸附于光滑表面，具有很强的黏着力，清除时无痕不留胶，不会对载体表面造成损伤，可反复撕贴使用，经济环保。
附图说明
图1 为本发明除甲醛静电贴的结构示意图；
图2 为本发明除甲醛静电贴的使用方法示意图；
其中：1 除甲醛层； 2 基材层；3 静电层；4 保护纸。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施方案叙述本发明。除非特别说明，本发明中所用的技术手段均为本领域技术人员所公知的方法。另外，实施方案应理解为说明性的，而非限制本发明的范围，本发明的实质和范围仅由权利要求书所限定。对于本领域技术人员而言，在不背离本发明实质和范围的前提下，对这些实施方案中的物料成分和用量进行的各种改变或改动也属于本发明的保护范围。本发明所用原料及试剂例如：纳米TiO2、基材层聚苯乙烯、聚环烯烃等原料均有市售。
实施例1
图1所示为除甲醛静电贴的结构。所述除甲醛静电贴包括除甲醛层1、基材层2、静电层3以及保护纸4。除甲醛静电贴基材层2为防水透明膜或半透明膜层为聚苯乙烯或聚环烯烃，厚度为0.05mm 之间。在基材层2的一面上是除甲醛层1，除甲醛层1为可见光催化剂涂层，原料为纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）掺杂Ce，二氧化钛：Ce的重量分数比为1：0.01，采用喷涂或涂布的方式将原料复合到基材层1上，厚度为0.2mm。在基材层2的另一面上是静电层3，静电层3的另一面为保护纸4，所述保护纸4为在白色原纸上有聚乙烯（PE）淋膜，厚度在0.05mm。
使用时，将除甲醛静电贴的保护纸4揭下，静电层3贴近光滑承载面，利用静电吸附到承载面上，随后排挤出与承载面之间的空气，形成真空层，利用大气压将除甲醛静电贴牢牢粘贴在承载面上，起到去除甲醛、净化空气的功效。
实施例2
所述除甲醛静电贴包括除甲醛层1、基材层2、静电层3以及保护纸4。除甲醛静电贴基材层2采用聚氯乙烯（PVC）材质，厚度为0.05mm。在基材层2的一面上是除甲醛层1，除甲醛层1为可见光催化剂涂层，原料采用纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）掺杂Ag（TiO2：Ag的重量分数比为1：0.02），采用喷涂的方式将原料复合到基材层1上，厚度为0.25mm。在基材层2的另一面上是静电层3，静电层3的另一面为保护纸4，所述保护纸4为在白色原纸上有PE 淋膜，厚度为0.02mm。
实施例3
除甲醛静电贴包括除甲醛层、防辐射层、增透层、基材层、静电层以及保护纸。所述除甲醛层、防辐射层、增透层、基材层、静电层、保护纸依次连接设置而成。基材层采用聚氯乙烯（PVC）材质，厚度为0.03mm；除甲醛层为可见光催化剂涂层，原料采用纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）掺杂Pt（TiO2：Pt的重量分数比为1：0.01），厚度为0.25mm。该静电贴在除甲醛、净化空气的基础上，增加了透光率，增强了室内环境的明亮度，同时具备防辐射的功能。
实施例4
除甲醛静电贴包括除甲醛层、喷涂层、防紫外线层、隔热层、基材层、静电层以及保护纸。所述除甲醛层、喷涂层、防紫外线层、隔热层、基材层、静电层、保护纸依次连接设置而成。基材层采用对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）材质，厚度为0.05mm；除甲醛层为可见光催化剂涂层，原料采用纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）掺杂Ag、Pt（TiO2：Ag：Pt的重量分数比为1：0.02：0.01），厚度为0.3mm。该静电贴在除甲醛、净化空气的基础上，增加了防紫外线和隔热的功能，同时喷涂层可通过喷绘或印刷把画面或文字印在上面，使静电贴更加美观。
实施例5
采用实验手段测定实施例2中所述除甲醛静电贴的除醛效果。实验在两个相同密闭的正立方体有机玻璃材质透光测试舱中进行，容积均为1m3。一个为样品舱，另一个为空白舱。将除甲醛静电贴贴在样品舱靠近光源一侧的内壁上，样品使用数量为1m2。将相同的甲醛释放源分别放入两舱内，开启风扇，使释放源与舱内空气混合均匀，趋于平衡。关闭风扇，采样检测舱内空气中的甲醛浓度为初始浓度值。24h后分别采用并测定两舱内空气中的甲醛浓度。甲醛去除效果如表1所示。
表1 甲醛去除效果
上述实施方式只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的是让熟悉该技术领域的技术人员能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作出的等同变换或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜，它包括除甲醛层（1）、基材层（2）、静电层（3）以及保护纸（4），其特征在于在基材层（2）的一面喷涂或涂布除甲醛层（1），其厚度为0.2-0.5mm；所述的除甲醛层（1）为可见光催化剂涂层，其原料为纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）掺杂贵金属元素；其中二氧化钛：贵金属元素的重量分数比为1：0.01-0.05。
2.权利要求1所述的具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜，其中所述的贵金属元素指的是Pt、Ag、Ce、Rh、Pd、Au贵金属元素的一种或几种。
3.权利要求1所述的具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜，所述的纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）掺杂贵金属元素指的是：纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）掺杂Ag、Pt，其中TiO2：Ag：Pt的重量份数比为1：0.02：0.01。
4.权利要求1所述的具有除甲醛功能的静电贴膜在提高承载体表面甲醛去除率净化空气方面的应用。
5.权利要求4所述的应用，其中的承载体指的是室内玻璃、瓷砖、冰箱、车窗等光滑表面。
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