CN107973225A - 一种陶瓷 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷 Download PDF

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CN107973225A
CN107973225A CN201711301146.XA CN201711301146A CN107973225A CN 107973225 A CN107973225 A CN 107973225A CN 201711301146 A CN201711301146 A CN 201711301146A CN 107973225 A CN107973225 A CN 107973225A
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parts
nano
tower crane
hawser
standard knot
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李燕
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Chengdu Jiushidu Industrial Product Design Co Ltd
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Chengdu Jiushidu Industrial Product Design Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711301146.XA priority Critical patent/CN107973225A/zh
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    • D07B1/068—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration characterised by the strand design
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
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    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种陶瓷，由以下重量份的材料组成：20‑22份纳米碳纤维、30‑60份纳米碳酸钙、4‑7份氯化镁、1‑3份陶砂、2‑5份白云石、5‑6份硫酸钡、50‑60份ABS再生料、6‑7份玻璃纤维、15‑20份岩棉、5‑8份膨胀珍珠岩、7‑9份菱镁矿、0.8‑1.8份氮二甲酰胺、2‑2.5份3mol钇稳定纳米二氧化锆、1‑4份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、4‑4.5份膨润土、3‑7份细砂、7‑12份陶瓷纤维、2‑2.5份叶腊石、2‑4份甲基硅酸钠、3‑5份改性纳米滑石粉、4‑9份硫化钼、12‑14份表面镀钛金刚石磨料、0.9‑1.3份镧粉。

Description

一种陶瓷
本申请是申请号：2016108433823，申请日：20160923，名称：一种工程用塔机的标准节结构发明专利的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及工程建筑用塔机的重要升降部件，属于工程建设领域，尤其是一种工程用塔机的标准节结构。
背景技术
塔机，即“塔式起重机”简称，又称“塔吊”。是用于建筑施工中的一种起重设备。塔机自身的升高很多人不了解，其实很简单，塔机有一顶升套架，在顶升时套架先向上升高，升高以后相对于塔身高了以后，塔身和套架中间就会有一个空间，这时将塔身的标准节安装在这个空间里面，套架在次升高，再次的在腾空的套架内部安装进去标准节，这样，随着标准节不断的增加，塔机随着变高。
塔机标准节在起重机，塔机，塔吊，升降机等机械设备发挥着重要的作用。一个合格的标准节不仅能提高这些塔机起重机的稳定性能，而且也能显著提高塔机、塔吊的安全性能、工作效率，甚至能够起到事半功倍的效果。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的在于：针对上述存在的问题，提供一种工程用塔机的标准节结构，该结构的标准节通过延伸架和缆绳连接到塔基上，从而横向增加塔吊的受力力矩，从而有效的保证塔机使用的稳定性，提高塔机的安全系数。利用该标准节的延伸架结构和缆绳结构，从上至下依次连接，形成连接塔基顶部和塔基并由延伸架支撑的拉力线路，然后通过对称于标准节的拉力线路，是拉力的合力与标准节的轴线重合，从而，增加塔机的平衡力矩，稳定塔机。。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
本发明公开了一种工程用塔机的标准节结构，包括标准节、对称的连接在标准节上并可水平延伸至标准节外的延伸架、用于连接竖向相邻延伸架的花篮螺丝、连接花篮螺丝与延伸架外侧的缆绳，标准节四周的缆绳拉力的合力与标准节的轴线重合。该结构的标准节通过延伸架和缆绳连接到塔基上，从而横向增加塔吊的受力力矩，从而有效的保证塔机使用的稳定性，提高塔机的安全系数。
进一步，在缆绳串联有用于防止缆绳拉断的防拉断装置。通过防拉断装置的设计，能够在拉力达到一定值的时候，延长该防拉断装置从而缓解缆绳所受的拉力，提高缆绳使用的安全性。
进一步，防拉断装置包括拉杆、固定套、及拉断套，固定套套设在拉杆外并与拉杆间隙设置，拉杆通过拉断套连接固定套，拉断套先于固定套承受拉杆的拉力直至拉断套被拉断。该防拉断装置，通过拉断套的设计，使装置具有拉断器的效果，并同时保证不被拉断，保证对塔吊的稳定作用。
进一步，拉断套包括第一卡接部、拉断部、及第二卡接部；第一卡接部及第二卡接部分别连接拉杆和固定套，拉断部位于第一卡接部及第二卡接部之间。拉断部的设计能够使拉断套具有一个易拉断的薄弱环节，方便于拉断套额定拉断力的设计。
进一步，拉杆包括拉杆部、卡槽部、及连接部，拉断套拉断前在连接部与第二卡接部或固定套之间具有间隙，卡槽部与第一卡接部配合连接，第二卡接部与固定套配合连接，拉断部的额定拉断力小于第一卡接部及第二卡接部。拉断部处设置有液体腔，第一拉断部拉断后可使液体腔中的液体流出到固定套外。该结构的液体腔能够方便于观察拉断套是否被拉断。
进一步，间隙的宽度为2-4.5mm，拉断套拉断后，连接部填充该间隙并支撑到固定套上，固定套呈管状，在固定套的内侧设置有环状的支撑部，固定套的一端与缆绳固定连接、另一端具有与拉杆配合的开口，支撑部与第二卡接部配合连接。隙的宽度设计使拉杆缓冲的同时，防止拉断装置缓冲距离过大造成拉杆瞬时拉断冲量过大的问题。
进一步，延伸架铰接在标准节的上侧边沿，延伸架的长度为标准节宽度的1.5-2倍，延伸架可拆卸。保证拉断装置的正常拉断和拉力检测，从而提高本装置检测和拉断功能的可用性。
进一步，在标准节横向的两侧焊接有相对的两个铰接套，延伸架呈A字型，该A字型结构的上顶点与缆绳连接、两个下角处焊接有与铰接套配合的铰接轴，该A字型结构中部的横杆一端铰接、另一端可与A字型结构的斜边连接或断开。该结构能够保证设备的正常使用，方便于延伸架的拆卸。
进一步，拉断套由内嵌金属网的陶瓷组成，陶瓷由以下重量份的材料组成：20-22份纳米碳纤维、30-60份纳米碳酸钙、4-7份氯化镁、1-3份陶砂、2-5份白云石、5-6份硫酸钡、50-60份ABS再生料、6-7份玻璃纤维、15-20份岩棉、5-8份膨胀珍珠岩、7-9份菱镁矿、0.8-1.8份氮二甲酰胺、2-2.5份3mol钇稳定纳米二氧化锆、1-4份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、4-4.5份膨润土、3-7份细砂、7-12份陶瓷纤维、2-2.5份叶腊石、2-4份甲基硅酸钠、3-5份改性纳米滑石粉、4-9份硫化钼、12-14份表面镀钛金刚石磨料、0.9-1.3份镧粉。该结构及成分的拉断套，具有刚性强、韧性弱、易拉断的特性，其抗拉断能力强，提高了拉断装置的设计上限；方便于在塔吊领域对该防拉断装置的应用。
进一步，缆绳由内之外由同轴的内芯、中层、和外层组成，缆绳的生产方法：
步骤1：采用0.3-0.35mm钢丝、0.1-0.15mm钛合金丝、0.3-0.4mm锡丝以（3-5）：（2-3）：（1-1.5）的重量比混合并平行布置，构成内芯组，然后在200-230℃环境下对内芯组施加30-50MPA的挤压力，将内芯组挤压成型后冷却至常温，获得直径为4-6mm的内芯；
步骤2：中层由0.3-0.4mm的尼龙丝、0.4-0.6mm的碳钢丝、0.4-0.6mm的硼铁合金丝组成；先将碳钢丝沿平行于内芯的方向布置在尼龙丝外侧，再螺旋绕制尼龙丝并将碳钢丝与尼龙丝编织为一体；然后将多根并列硼铁合金丝以5-15°的螺旋角顺时针螺旋绕制在碳钢丝外侧同时将尼龙丝以70-85°的螺旋角逆时针螺旋绕制到到硼铁合金丝上并与其编织为一体；中层的直径为7-9mm
步骤3：外侧由0.6-0.7mm的不锈钢丝及0.6-0.7mm的钢丝组成；先将钢丝以60-75°的螺旋角顺时针螺旋绕制到中层上，再将不锈钢丝以50-70°的螺旋角逆时针螺旋绕制到钢丝上，然后重复绕制不锈钢丝和钢丝至外层的直径达到11-13mm。
该方法制得的缆绳具有韧性强、抗拉性强的特点，在拉力作用或长期承受拉力的情况下，防止缆绳被拉长；从而有效保证本标准节对缆绳抗拉伸性和韧性的要求。
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：
1.该结构的标准节通过延伸架和缆绳连接到塔基上，从而横向增加塔吊的受力力矩，从而有效的保证塔机使用的稳定性，提高塔机的安全系数。
2.利用该标准节的延伸架结构和缆绳结构，从上至下依次连接，形成连接塔基顶部和塔基并由延伸架支撑的拉力线路，然后通过对称于标准节的拉力线路，是拉力的合力与标准节的轴线重合，从而，增加塔机的平衡力矩，稳定塔机。
附图说明
本发明将通过例子并参照附图的方式说明，其中：
图1是工程用塔机的标准节结构的结构图；
图2是防拉断装置剖面图。
附图标记：1-拉杆，12-连接部，2-固定套，21-支撑部，3-拉断套，31-拉断部，32-液体腔，4-缆绳，5-花篮螺丝，6-延伸架，61-横杆，7-标准节。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1所示，本发明的一种工程用塔机的标准节结构，包括标准节7、对称的连接在标准节7上并可水平延伸至标准节7外的延伸架6、用于连接竖向相邻延伸架的花篮螺丝5、连接花篮螺丝5与延伸架6外侧的缆绳，标准节7四周的缆绳拉力的合力与标准节7的轴线重合。
在缆绳串联有用于防止缆绳拉断的防拉断装置。防拉断装置包括拉杆1、固定套2、及拉断套3，固定套2套设在拉杆1外并与拉杆1间隙设置，拉杆1通过拉断套3连接固定套2，拉断套3先于固定套2承受拉杆1的拉力直至拉断套3被拉断。拉断套3包括第一卡接部、拉断部、及第二卡接部；第一卡接部及第二卡接部分别连接拉杆1和固定套2，拉断部位于第一卡接部及第二卡接部之间。拉杆1包括拉杆1部、卡槽部、及连接部，拉断套3拉断前在连接部与第二卡接部或固定套2之间具有间隙，卡槽部与第一卡接部配合连接，第二卡接部与固定套2配合连接，拉断部的额定拉断力小于第一卡接部及第二卡接部。间隙的宽度为2-4.5mm，拉断套3拉断后，连接部填充该间隙并支撑到固定套2上，固定套2呈管状，在固定套2的内侧设置有环状的支撑部，固定套2的一端与缆绳固定连接、另一端具有与拉杆1配合的开口，支撑部与第二卡接部配合连接。延伸架6铰接在标准节7的上侧边沿，延伸架6的长度为标准节7宽度的1.5-2倍，延伸架6可拆卸。
在标准节7横向的两侧焊接有相对的两个铰接套，延伸架6呈A字型，该A字型结构的上顶点与缆绳连接、两个下角处焊接有与铰接套配合的铰接轴，该A字型结构中部的横杆一端铰接、另一端可与A字型结构的斜边连接或断开。
实施例2
如图2所示，拉断套3由内嵌金属网的陶瓷组成，陶瓷由以下重量份的材料组成：20-22份纳米碳纤维、30-60份纳米碳酸钙、4-7份氯化镁、1-3份陶砂、2-5份白云石、5-6份硫酸钡、50-60份ABS再生料、6-7份玻璃纤维、15-20份岩棉、5-8份膨胀珍珠岩、7-9份菱镁矿、0.8-1.8份氮二甲酰胺、2-2.5份3mol钇稳定纳米二氧化锆、1-4份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、4-4.5份膨润土、3-7份细砂、7-12份陶瓷纤维、2-2.5份叶腊石、2-4份甲基硅酸钠、3-5份改性纳米滑石粉、4-9份硫化钼、12-14份表面镀钛金刚石磨料、0.9-1.3份镧粉。
实施例3
基于实施例1中结构，缆绳由内之外由同轴的内芯、中层、和外层组成，缆绳的生产方法：
步骤1：采用0.3-0.35mm钢丝、0.1-0.15mm钛合金丝、0.3-0.4mm锡丝以（3-5）：（2-3）：（1-1.5）的重量比混合并平行布置，构成内芯组，然后在200-230℃环境下对内芯组施加30-50MPA的挤压力，将内芯组挤压成型后冷却至常温，获得直径为4-6mm的内芯；
步骤2：中层由0.3-0.4mm的尼龙丝、0.4-0.6mm的碳钢丝、0.4-0.6mm的硼铁合金丝组成；先将碳钢丝沿平行于内芯的方向布置在尼龙丝外侧，再螺旋绕制尼龙丝并将碳钢丝与尼龙丝编织为一体；然后将多根并列硼铁合金丝以5-15°的螺旋角顺时针螺旋绕制在碳钢丝外侧同时将尼龙丝以70-85°的螺旋角逆时针螺旋绕制到到硼铁合金丝上并与其编织为一体；中层的直径为7-9mm
步骤3：外侧由0.6-0.7mm的不锈钢丝及0.6-0.7mm的钢丝组成；先将钢丝以60-75°的螺旋角顺时针螺旋绕制到中层上，再将不锈钢丝以50-70°的螺旋角逆时针螺旋绕制到钢丝上，然后重复绕制不锈钢丝和钢丝至外层的直径达到11-13mm。

Claims (1)

1.一种陶瓷，其特征在于，由以下重量份的材料组成：20-22份纳米碳纤维、30-60份纳米碳酸钙、4-7份氯化镁、1-3份陶砂、2-5份白云石、5-6份硫酸钡、50-60份ABS再生料、6-7份玻璃纤维、15-20份岩棉、5-8份膨胀珍珠岩、7-9份菱镁矿、0.8-1.8份氮二甲酰胺、2-2.5份3mol钇稳定纳米二氧化锆、1-4份聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、4-4.5份膨润土、3-7份细砂、7-12份陶瓷纤维、2-2.5份叶腊石、2-4份甲基硅酸钠、3-5份改性纳米滑石粉、4-9份硫化钼、12-14份表面镀钛金刚石磨料、0.9-1.3份镧粉。
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