CN107969427B

CN107969427B - Plant growth regulating composition, regulator and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN107969427B
Application number: CN201711312192.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张军; 高志钢; 丁秀英
Original assignee: Hubei Yizhailing Agriculture Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hubei Yizhailing Agriculture Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-12
Filing date: 2017-12-12
Publication date: 2021-07-02
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-12
Also published as: CN107969427A

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant growth regulating composition, a preparation and application thereof, wherein the plant growth regulating composition comprises prohexadione calcium, abscisic acid and a permeation aid, the plant growth regulator comprises the plant growth regulating composition and auxiliary materials, and the application of the plant growth regulator. The method not only can enlarge the plant fruits and increase the yield, but also can not cause the stems of the plants to be thick and hard, avoids the side effect of the conventional regulator on the growth of fruit trees, and greatly improves the original quality of the fruits.

Description

Plant growth regulating composition, regulator and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant growth regulation, in particular to a plant growth regulation composition, a plant growth regulation agent and application thereof.

Background

Fruit enlargement currently occurs through two pathways, one to increase vegetative growth through external addition of nutrients, and the other to shift from vegetative growth through chemical regulation of reproductive growth. The two exist in two forms of fertilizer and medicament respectively. Fertilizers, which are functional substances based on organic organisms and nutrients, also commonly referred to as biomimetic (mimicking the function of the organism itself) preparations, are contained in the plant itself, such as: the multienzyme protein and the organic acid are mostly prepared in the form of fertilizer. The medicament takes a regulator and an induction factor as functional substances, which are generally called plant hormones, can be produced by plant bodies, such as auxin and cytokinin, and under the adverse environment, the plant can produce less auxin, slow growth and even produce more abscisic acid, so that partial leaves and fruits can be shed, and the medicament is the natural protection of the plant for the plant. In the prior art, by utilizing the characteristics, certain phytohormones are applied to the outside of the plants, so that the plants can keep growing and expanding.

Plant growth regulators for fruit enlargement currently marketed are mainly ethylene, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, thidiazuron, forchlorfenuron (CPPU), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and its combination with Gibberellic Acid (GA)₃/GA₄₊₇) The compound composition, however, the plant growth regulator for fruit enlargement has less and less obvious drug effect and dosageThe novel plant growth regulator is developed to promote fruit expansion and avoid the influence of the plant growth regulator on the plant, and is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a plant growth regulating composition and a regulator and application thereof.

In one aspect, the invention discloses a plant growth regulating composition, which is characterized by comprising prohexadione-calcium, abscisic acid and a permeation promoter.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the prohexadione calcium to the abscisic acid and the permeation promoter is 5: 1: 3.

preferably, the penetration enhancer is one or more of azone, laurocapram, DMSO, menthol and the like.

On the other hand, the invention discloses a plant growth regulator, which comprises the plant growth regulating composition and auxiliary materials.

Preferably, the plant growth regulating composition accounts for 0.9 to 18 weight percent.

Preferably, the plant growth regulator is in the form of a soluble granule, a suspending agent, a dispersible agent or a suspending agent.

The invention also discloses a method for regulating the growth of plants by using the plant growth regulator, wherein the plants are grapevines.

Preferably, the concentration of the plant growth regulator diluted by water is 5-25mg/L, and the plant growth regulator is sprayed on leaves of the grape vines and used for regulating and controlling the growth of the fruit clusters.

Preferably, the concentration of the plant growth regulator diluted by water is 18mg/L, and the plant growth regulator is sprayed on the leaves of the grape vines and is used for regulating and controlling the grape peel coloring.

One or more technical schemes provided by the scheme of the invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:

1. the plant growth regulating composition and the preparation thereof provided by the application realize wide regulation of primary metabolism and secondary metabolism of plants by simulating key signal substances for regulating plant metabolism. It is used as an oxidase inhibitor in plant body, and can inhibit gibberellin biosynthesis, thereby improving biosynthesis pathway of other gibberellins, and improving stress resistance of plants induced in growth process. It can greatly raise photosynthesis capacity of plant, and has the double effects of controlling vegetative growth and promoting reproductive growth, and can synchronously raise activity of plant source bank. The method not only can enlarge the plant fruits and increase the yield, but also can not cause the stems of the plants to be thick and hard, avoids the side effect of the conventional regulator on the growth of fruit trees, and greatly improves the original quality of the fruits.

2. The invention only inhibits the elongation growth of the pedicel, but does not inhibit the development of the fruit; thereby overcoming the inherent defects of the traditional plant growth regulator and fundamentally avoiding the crop yield reduction caused by the application of the medicament.

3. The plant growth regulator comprising the two active ingredients can be rapidly and uniformly dispersed in water by adopting a mode of combining prohexadione calcium, abscisic acid, an auxiliary agent and an auxiliary material, so that the use of an organic solvent is reduced to the greatest extent, the pollution of pesticide to the environment is greatly reduced, the use safety is improved, and the synergistic effect of the two active ingredients is fully exerted.

Detailed Description

The plant growth regulating composition can promote fruit expansion, avoid the influence of the plant growth regulating agent on the plant, and avoid the side effects of thick and hard fruit stalks, low fruit quality and the like easily generated by the conventional plant growth regulating agent.

In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solutions described above will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments and examples of the present invention are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of the present application, but not limitations of the technical solution of the present application, and the technical features in the embodiments and examples of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

The first test example: preparation of plant growth regulator

Plant growth regulators of examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, and plant growth regulators of comparative examples 1 and 2 were prepared according to the components and ratios shown in table 1, respectively.

TABLE 1 examples and comparative examples drug component contents

Sample (I)	Prohexadione calcium	Abscisic acid	Laurocapram	Auxiliary materials
					Example 1	0.5	0.1	0.3	99.1
Example 2	5.0	1.0	3.0	91.0
					Example 3	10	2.0	6.0	82.0
Comparative example 1	6.0	0.0	3.0	91.0
					Comparative example 2	0.0	6.0	3.0	91.0

The plant growth regulator of example 1, obtained by the following steps: firstly weighing 0.5g of prohexadione calcium, 0.1g of abscisic acid, 0.3g of laurocapram, 78.1g of ammonium sulfate, 8.0g of sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate, 8.0g of cyclodextrin and 5g of lactose, mixing, coarsely grinding and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve; then pulverizing by air flow to above 300 mesh for use, humidifying the pulverized dry powder with appropriate amount of water (2-8%), extruding into 1-3mm granules with rotary granulator, drying, sieving, grading, and vacuum packaging to obtain the plant growth regulator of example 1, which can automatically disintegrate in water to form uniform transparent to semitransparent suspension.

The plant growth regulator of example 2, obtained by the following steps: firstly weighing 5.0g of prohexadione calcium, 1.0g of abscisic acid, 3.0g of laurocapram, 68.0g of ammonium sulfate, 10.0g of sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate, 8.0g of cyclodextrin and 5g of lactose, mixing, coarsely grinding and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve; then, the mixture is pulverized by air flow to more than 300 meshes for standby, the pulverized dry powder is subjected to moisture conditioning by using a proper amount of water (2-8%), the mixture is extruded into granules with the diameter of 1-3mm by using a rotary granulator, and the granules are dried, screened, granulated and vacuum-packaged to obtain the plant growth regulator of the embodiment 2. The preparation can automatically disintegrate in water and form uniform transparent to translucent suspension.

The plant growth regulator of example 3, obtained by the following steps: firstly weighing 10.0g of prohexadione calcium, 2.0g of abscisic acid, 6.0g of laurocapram, 54.0g of ammonium sulfate, 15.0g of sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate, 8.0g of cyclodextrin and 5g of lactose, mixing, coarsely grinding and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve; then, the mixture is pulverized by airflow to more than 300 meshes for standby, the pulverized dry powder is subjected to moisture conditioning by using a proper amount of water (2-8%), the mixture is extruded into granules with the diameter of 1-3mm by using a rotary granulator, and the granules are dried, screened, granulated and vacuum-packaged to obtain the plant growth regulator of the embodiment 3. The preparation can automatically disintegrate in water and form uniform transparent to translucent suspension.

The plant growth regulator of comparative example 1, which was obtained by the following steps: firstly weighing 6.0g of prohexadione calcium, 3.0g of laurocapram, 68.0g of ammonium sulfate, 10.0g of sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate, 8.0g of cyclodextrin and 5g of lactose, mixing, coarsely grinding and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve; then, the mixture is pulverized by air flow to more than 300 meshes for standby, the pulverized dry powder is subjected to moisture conditioning by using a proper amount of water (2-8%), the mixture is extruded into granules with the diameter of 1-3mm by using a rotary granulator, and the granules are dried, screened, granulated and vacuum-packaged to obtain the plant growth regulator of the embodiment 2. The preparation can automatically disintegrate in water and form uniform transparent to translucent suspension.

The plant growth regulator of comparative example 2, which was obtained by the following steps: weighing 6.0g of abscisic acid, 3.0g of laurocapram, 68.0g of ammonium sulfate, 10.0g of sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate, 8.0g of cyclodextrin and 5g of lactose, mixing, coarsely grinding and sieving by a 60-mesh sieve; then, the mixture is pulverized by air flow to more than 300 meshes for standby, the pulverized dry powder is subjected to moisture conditioning by using a proper amount of water (2-8%), the mixture is extruded into granules with the diameter of 1-3mm by using a rotary granulator, and the granules are dried, screened, granulated and vacuum-packaged to obtain the plant growth regulator of the embodiment 2. The preparation can automatically disintegrate in water and form uniform transparent to translucent suspension.

The drug in this test example is a soluble granule, and can be dispersed in water rapidly and uniformly to form a usable liquid or suspension. Good environmental compatibility, high activity, good safety, low production cost and large market capacity. And the production process is safe, free of pollutants, convenient to transport and safe to use.

The main technical indexes of the plant growth regulator prepared by the method are shown in table 2;

TABLE 2 technical indices of the plant growth regulators prepared in test example one

Specifically, in this embodiment, the penetration enhancer is laurocapram, in other embodiments, the penetration enhancer may also be one or more of laurocapram, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), menthol, and the like, in this embodiment, the plant growth regulator is a soluble granule, and the adopted adjuvants are ammonium sulfate, sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate, cyclodextrin, and lactose, in other embodiments, the plant growth regulator may also be a suspending agent, a dispersible agent, or a suspending agent, and the corresponding adjuvants are suspending agents respectively composed of one or more of cyclodextrin, soluble starch, lactose, zeolite, silicic acid, white carbon black, talc, bentonite, aluminum trioxide, and diatomaceous earth, and are composed of nekal, saponin, lignin, sulfonate substances, alkyl sulfonate substances, lauryl alcohol, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sodium succinate, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium oxide, and/or a mixture of two or more of these substances, Dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium mono-octyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium silicate, ammonium sulfate, sodium benzoate, and stearate. The auxiliary agent enables the plant growth regulator consisting of the two active ingredients to be rapidly and uniformly dispersed in water, reduces the use of organic solvents to the maximum extent, thereby reducing the pollution of pesticides to the environment, improving the use safety and fully exerting the synergistic effect between the two active ingredients.

Test example two: effect of different plant growth regulators on grape growth

1. Test materials: plant growth regulators were prepared according to the procedures of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2.

2. The test method comprises the following steps: in a grape plantation, areas with the same management level and terrain were selected and randomly divided into 6 cells, one cell was treated with clear water as a control for a blank control, and the other 5 cells were equally applied with the plant growth regulators prepared according to examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2.

The specific application method comprises the following steps: the plant growth regulators of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 required in the test were quantitatively weighed, dissolved in a small amount of water, and then diluted to the required concentration with water to a constant volume. Thinning fruits before applying the pesticide, and pinching the tip of the overlong fruit cluster to make the ear types and the ear lengths of all the treatment clusters consistent. The medicine is taken 2-15 days after the flowers are withered, and is uniformly sprayed on the leaves of the grapevine.

In this embodiment, the effect of the concentration of the applied drug on the growth of the grapes is large, the concentration is too low to show the effect of promoting the growth of the plants, the falling phenomenon is easily caused when the concentration is too high, and the taste of the grapes is also affected, the plant growth regulator obtained in example 2 is used as a research object, and the optimal concentration of the plant growth regulator is finally obtained to be 18mg/L through different concentration optimization experiments, so that the dilution concentration of the plant growth regulator is 18mg/L in the experiment process.

3. Test results

3.1 influence of prohexadione calcium abscisic acid water dispersible granules on grape yield

Recording the fruit ear length, the fruit grain number, the grain weight and the yield of the grape harvested by each individual plant in each cell with different plant growth regulators after the grapes are ripe, and calculating the average value; the test results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 Effect of different plant growth regulators on grape yield

Through the experiments, compared with a blank control group, the plant growth regulator prepared from the prohexadione calcium in the comparative example 1 can increase the grain weight of a single grape fruit grain, but the use of the plant growth regulator reduces the total number of the grape grains, namely, the prohexadione acid used alone is easy to cause the shedding phenomenon of the grape fruit grains, so that the grape yield is reduced from 500.1g to 465.9g, and the grape yield is reduced by 6.8%; the plant growth regulator prepared from abscisic acid alone in comparative example 2 was effective in controlling the ear length, increasing the ear length from 14.2cm to 20.1cm, and increasing the grape yield from 500.1g to 598.4g by increasing the grain weight of individual grape grains, resulting in an increase in grape yield of nearly 20%. In contrast, the plant growth regulator prepared in example 2 can significantly improve the length of the fruit cluster and the grain weight, so that the yield of the grapes is increased from 500.1g to 698.1g, namely the yield of the grapes is increased by 39.6%, and the yield increase effect is far greater than that of the plant growth regulator prepared by singly using prohexadione calcium or abscisic acid.

The experiment can also show that the plant growth regulator with the plant growth composition accounting for 9 percent has obvious effect on the yield increase of grapes, and the yield increase is 39.6 percent; however, when the proportion of the plant growth composition is too low, such as in example 1, the plant growth composition accounts for 0.9% by weight of the total plant growth regulator, which is poor in increasing the yield of grapes by only 8.0%; in contrast, when the plant growth composition is present in an excessively high proportion, for example, in example 3, the plant growth composition is present in an amount of 19% by weight of the total plant growth regulator, and the effect is not significant in increasing the yield of grapes by only 20.0%.

3.2 Effect of different plant growth regulators on grape coloring

The grape coloring grade test standard is shown in table 4, and after the grapes are ripe, the coloring grade of the grapes in each cell which select different plant growth regulators is recorded and the average value is calculated; the test results are shown in Table 5

TABLE 4 grape coloring rating test standards

Table 5 shows the effect of different plant growth regulators according to the invention on the coloration grade of grapes

Experiments show that the leaves of the grapevine treated by the plant growth regulator (example 2) with the plant growth composition accounting for 9 percent have better effect of improving the coloring of the red globe grapes, and the observation shows that the color of the grapes treated by the plant growth regulator is changed faster, the more obvious the coloring effect of grape pericarp is when the leaves of the grapevine are treated by the plant growth regulator in example 2, and the color of the grape pericarp is basically not different from that of a blank control when the plant growth composition is excessively low (example 1). The leaves of the grapevine were treated with abscisic acid alone (comparative example 2), the color of the grape pericarp was almost the same as that of the blank control, and after the leaves of the grapevine were treated with prohexadione calcium alone (comparative example 1), the grape pericarp had a certain effect of promoting the grape pericarp coloring, but the effect was not as good as that of example 2.

3.3 Effect of different plant growth regulators on grape fruit swelling

In the process of researching the influence of different plant growth regulators on grape swelling, a commercial swelling agent forchlorfenuron soluble solution in the market is selected to be compared with the plant growth regulator prepared in the example 2, wherein the mass percentage of the active ingredients in the forchlorfenuron soluble solution is 0.1 percent, and the application concentration of the forchlorfenuron soluble solution is 100 times of that of the solution. In example 2, 1500-fold solutions of the plant growth regulator were prepared, and the concentrations of both solutions were the respective optimum concentrations for the tests, which were preferred by the optimization test. The specific experimental process is as follows: uniformly spraying from the lower part of the leaf of the grape plant upwards by using a sprayer, recording the transverse and longitudinal meridians, the thickness of the fruit base and the weight of a single grain of each grape plant in each cell selected with different plant growth regulators, calculating the average value, and showing the test result in table 6

TABLE 6 Effect of different plant growth regulators on grape fruit swelling

Experiments show that the plant growth regulator prepared from prohexadione calcium and abscisic acid (example 2) not only has a yield-increasing effect on grapes, but also has a stalk length of 4.22mm after treatment, which is less than 4.36mm of a blank control group, and is also far less than 4.74mm of a commercially used forchlorfenuron soluble solution, namely, the stalk length of the grapes prepared from prohexadione calcium and abscisic acid is obviously reduced. Above-mentioned experimental data shows, this application transfer cyclic acid and abscisic acid and prepare plant growth regulator, can effectively be used for increasing grape output on the one hand, and on the other hand can avoid the fruit stalk to harden roughly to reduce the influence of plant growth regulator to the fruit quality. And the application of the plant growth regulator prepared from prohexadione calcium and abscisic acid in promoting the yield increase of grapes and avoiding thick and large stalks from hardening is not reported at present.

To sum up, the scheme of the application has the following beneficial technical effects at least compared with the prior art:

1. the plant growth regulating composition and the preparation thereof provided by the application realize wide regulation of primary metabolism and secondary metabolism of plants by simulating key signal substances for regulating plant metabolism. It is used as an oxidase inhibitor in plant body, and can inhibit gibberellin biosynthesis, improve biosynthesis pathway of other gibberellins, and increase stress resistance of plant induced during plant growth. It can greatly raise photosynthesis capacity of plant, and has the double effects of controlling vegetative growth and promoting reproductive growth, and can synchronously raise activity of plant source bank. The method not only can enlarge the plant fruits and increase the yield, but also can not cause the stems of the plants to be thick and hard, avoids the side effect of the conventional regulator on the growth of fruit trees, and greatly improves the original quality of the fruits.

The invention is realized based on the regulation mechanism of prohexadione calcium and abscisic acid on the source-base relationship in the metabolism of plant photosynthetic products.

Plants form light and products through photosynthesis, and through transport and accumulation to yield organs, yield and quality ultimately. To realize high yield and high quality, the photosynthesis of the plant must be increased, and the accumulation of the photosynthetic products to yield organs is regulated and controlled, so that the shunt loss caused by vegetative growth of leaves, branches and the like is avoided. In order to obtain high plant yield, it is necessary to coordinate the source-sink relationship of plant material energy metabolism to simultaneously enhance photosynthesis in the leaves as the source and material energy accumulation in the fruits as the sink. Unilateral promotion of photosynthesis, or unilateral promotion of energy accumulation of matter, cannot effectively improve crop yield and quality.

Firstly, the invention promotes the photosynthesis of plants by the regulation and feedback of prohexadione calcium to the energy metabolism of plant substances, and increases the strength of plant sources. The regulation mechanism of photosynthesis in plants is very complex, and important factors include the relationship between plant sources and stores and the level of energy metabolism of substances, and these factors have a feedback regulation effect on photosynthesis. The tricarboxylic acid cycle of the plant is a core mechanism of energy metabolism of plant substances, 2-ketoglutaric acid is an important intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is an important marker substance and a signal substance of the energy level of the plant substances, and 2-ketoglutaric acid can be used as a coenzyme to perform activity regulation on more than 200 enzymes in the plant body, so that the coordination and feedback regulation of the energy metabolism of the plant substances including photosynthesis are realized. High levels of 2-oxoglutarate produce feedback inhibition of photosynthesis, while low levels of 2-oxoglutarate signal produce feedback enhancement of photosynthesis. The prohexadione calcium is taken as a 2-oxoglutarate mimic compound, and generates an inhibiting effect on related enzyme activity by competitive combination of various 2-oxoglutarate dependent enzymes such as 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase and the like, so that the plant is in an apparent low-level 2-oxoglutarate state, namely a low substance energy level state, and the photosynthesis of the plant is promoted in a feedback manner.

Secondly, the invention utilizes abscisic acid to regulate and control the accumulation effect of plant assimilates and enhances the storage strength of plant fruits. Abscisic acid, which is a plant hormone, plays an important role in the regulation of the accumulation of plant photosynthetic products. Abscisic acid promotes the accumulation of photosynthetic products to yield organs, promotes the maturity of seeds and fruits, and promotes the formation of pigments and flavor substances.

Thirdly, the invention utilizes prohexadione-calcium and abscisic acid to synchronously improve the photosynthesis and the accumulation of the assimilate of the plants, and realizes the promotion of high yield and high quality of the plants by coordinating the plant source-base relationship. Different from the traditional application method of spraying or coating abscisic acid on grape clusters, the fruit expanding agent in the prior art is sprayed or coated on fruits, and has no effect if sprayed on leaves.

The plant growth regulator related to the application is used for controlling the vegetative growth of grapes in the early stage and then controlling the transformation from the vegetative growth to reproductive growth of the grapes in the later stage, and in addition, the application technology solves the defects of the plant growth regulator used for regulating the growth of fruit trees in the prior art.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The plant growth regulating composition is characterized by comprising prohexadione calcium, abscisic acid and a permeation promoter, wherein the weight ratio of the prohexadione calcium to the abscisic acid to the permeation promoter is 5: 1: 3, the regulated plant is a grapevine.

2. A plant growth regulator comprising the plant growth regulating composition of claim 1 and an adjuvant, wherein the plant to be regulated is a grapevine.

3. The plant growth regulator according to claim 2, wherein the plant growth regulating composition is 0.9-18% by weight.

4. The plant growth regulator according to claim 2, wherein the formulation of the plant growth regulator is a soluble granule, a suspension, a dispersible agent or a suspension agent.

5. A method of regulating plant growth using the plant growth regulator according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: the plant is a grapevine, and the plant growth regulator is diluted by water to have the concentration of 5-25mg/L and is sprayed on the leaves of the grapevine.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the plant growth regulator is diluted with water to a concentration of 18mg/L and sprayed onto the leaves of the grapevine.