CN107940027A - 一种油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀 - Google Patents
一种油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀,包括阀体、阀杆、微动开关和手柄,阀体上横向设置有燃油通道和燃气通道,阀体上纵向设置有阀杆安装通道,阀杆安装通道横向贯穿燃油通道和燃气通道,所述阀杆穿设在阀杆安装通道上,所述阀杆上设置有燃油阀孔和燃气阀孔,阀杆的控制端伸出阀体;阀体的外壁上连接有一座板,微动开关安装在座板上,座板上设置有手柄铰接座;手柄铰接在手柄铰接座上,手柄中部与阀杆的控制端联动,转动手柄,手柄能够压制或松开微动开关上的翘板。当阀孔与燃油通道相通时,微动开关通电;当阀孔与燃气通道相通时,微动开关断电。通过转动手柄就可以实现化油器用油和用气两种状态的瞬间切换,操作简便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀,主要应用在油气两用的双燃料发动机上。本发明是申请号为201510318815.9,申请日为2015年06月12日,名称为“油气联动切换装置及其工作方式”的发明专利的分案申请。
背景技术
双燃料发动机是一种能够使用汽油燃料和液化石油气燃料作为燃料新型发电机,它具有高效、低污染、低排放技术特点,有良好的发展前景。
现有的双燃料发电机组在使用时,由于燃气开关与燃油开关位置较为接近,而且没有防护措施,经常因使用者的误操作而出现燃气开关和燃油油开关同时被打开的情形,不同的燃料同时进入发动机混合燃烧,会导致发动机工作异常,运行不稳定,并会产生不安全火焰等,对发电机组的安全性能造成严重影响。
为了解决上述问题,本领域技术人员设计了一种双燃料发电机组切换机构(专利号为2014 2 0141774. 1),它包括:面板,供安装于发动机的适当位置;LPG旋钮开关;燃油油开关;所述面板的上下两个侧缘处均具有限位槽,在各限位槽内设置一锁扣;切换手柄,通过所述锁扣卡在所述限位槽内;所述LPG旋钮开关和燃油油开关并列地固定于所述面板的同一面;所述面板的另一面还设有一微动开关、电磁阀控制器及连接线,所述微动开关上具有一翘板,滑动所述切换手柄会压制或松开所述翘板;对燃油油开关和LPG开关结构形成一种防错设计,能够保证两个开关不能同时打开,防止使用者错误操作而导致两种不同燃料同时进入混合器,避免了造成发电机异常工作的情况发生。
上述双燃料发电机组切换机构仅是一种防错设计,它虽然能够保证两个开关不被同时打开,但其一次切换需要进行切换手柄和开关的多步骤操作,使得燃油和燃气的切换操作变的十分复杂,而且切换速度慢。
发明内容
基于上述现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀,本发明不仅可以避免燃油开关和燃气开关同时被打开,还能够实现燃油和燃气的快速切换,而且仅需一次操作动作即可,操作十分简便。
本发明的油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀包括阀体、阀杆、微动开关和手柄。其中:
所述阀体上横向设置有燃油通道和燃气通道,所述燃油通道的进油端连接有进油管接头,所述燃油通道的出油段连接有出油管接头;所述燃气通道的进气端连接有进气管接头,所述燃气通道的出气端连接有出气管接头,所述阀体上纵向设置有阀杆安装通道,所述阀杆安装通道横向贯穿燃油通道和燃气通道。
所述阀杆穿设在阀杆安装通道上,所述阀杆上设置有燃油阀孔和燃气阀孔,所述燃油阀孔和燃气阀孔之间的间距小于所述燃油通道和燃气通道的间距;当燃油阀孔与燃油通道相通时,所述燃气阀孔与燃气通道相互错开;反之,当燃气阀孔与燃气通道相通时,所述燃油阀孔与燃油通道相互错开;所述阀杆的控制端伸出阀体;
所述阀体的外壁上连接有一座板,所述微动开关安装在座板上,所述座板上设置有手柄铰接座。
所述手柄铰接在手柄铰接座上,所述手柄中部与阀杆的控制端联动,转动手柄,所述手柄能够压制或松开微动开关上的翘板。
为了使阀体内的燃油和可燃气不会相互混合,所述阀杆上设置有三道密封圈,其中第一道密封圈位于阀杆的内端,第二道密封圈位于燃油阀孔和燃气阀孔之间;第三道密封圈设置在靠近阀杆控制端的位置上。
为了使阀杆在切换的过程中能够准确定位,所述阀体上还设置有用于定位阀杆的定位结构。所述定位结构有多种,可以根据实际需要具体选定。为了便于理解,这里我们举其中的一个例子说明,在本发明中,所述的定位结构具体为:在阀体上设置一定位螺孔,所述定位螺孔位于阀杆控制端旁侧,所述定位螺孔中安装有定位珠、弹簧和紧定螺钉;所述阀杆上设置有定位凹坑。
实现手柄中部与阀杆的控制端联动的连接方案有多种,可以根据实际需要具体选定。为了便于理解,这里我们举其中的一个例子说明,在本发明中,所述手柄中部设置有长圆孔,所述阀杆的控制端上设置有一叉形结构,所述叉形结构的两个叉部上对应设置有一通孔,所述通孔与长圆孔之间穿设有一螺柱,所述螺柱的两端均安装有螺母。
阀体的结构形态可以多种多样。但考虑到整体结构的紧凑性,在本实施例中,将所述阀体1设计为长方体阀体。
在本发明中,所述座板为L型座板。
上述油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的工作方式如下:
(1)当发动机需要用汽油时,向内推动油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的手柄,使阀杆沿阀杆安装通道向内移动,直到燃油阀孔与燃油通道相通,阀杆移动到位后,定位结构会给出到位提示,并限制阀杆继续移动;与此同时,燃气通道与燃气阀孔错开,燃气通道被截止,而且微动开关的翘板也被手柄的杆部按压,微动开关将电信号传递给电磁阀,使电磁阀的阀针缩回,让化油器内油路通路,化油器对发动机供油。
(2)当发动机需要用可燃气时,向外拉动油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的手柄,使阀杆沿阀杆安装通道向外移动,直到燃气阀孔与燃气通道相通,阀杆移动到位后,定位结构会给出到位提示,并限制阀杆继续移动;与此同时,燃油通道与燃油阀孔错开,燃油通道被截止,且微动开关的翘板与手柄相分离,微动开关将电信号传递给电磁阀,使电磁阀的阀针顶出,阻断化油器内的油路,化油器对发动机供可燃气。
相对于现有技术而言,该油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的阀杆上只有一个阀孔,单位时间内仅可能与燃油通道和燃气通道中的一个相通,可以直接避免燃油通道和燃气通道同时被打开,避免不同的燃料同时进入发动机混合燃烧,保证了发动机的正常工作和稳定运行,同时也提高了发电机组的安全性能。另外,该油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的燃油通道和燃气通道由同一个阀杆控制,并且阀杆与微动开关相互联动,只需操作一个手柄就可以同时实现联动控制,油气切换操作十分快速、简便。
附图说明
图1为实施例中油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的第一主视图。
图2为图1中沿A—A视线的剖视图。
图3为图2中Ⅰ处的局部放大示意图。
图4为实施例中阀体的剖视图。
图5为实施例中阀杆的剖视图。
图6为实施例中阀杆的主视图。
图7为实施例中手柄的结构示意图。
图8为实施例中油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的第二主视图。
图9为图8中沿B—B视线的剖视图。
标号说明:1-阀体 2-阀杆 3-微动开关 4-手柄 5-燃油通道 6-燃气通道 7-进油管接头 8-出油管接头 9-进气管接头 10-出气管接头 11-阀杆安装通道 12-座板 13.1-燃油阀孔 13.2-燃气阀孔 14-手柄铰接座 15-翘板16-定位结构 17-定位螺孔 18-定位珠 19-弹簧 20-紧定螺钉 21-定位凹坑22-长圆孔 23-通孔 24-螺柱 25-螺母 26-第一道密封圈 27-第二道密封圈28-第三道密封圈。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的上述技术内容和构造特点能更容易地被本领域一般技术人员所理解,下面结合附图和技术要点对本申请进一步的说明。
如图1至图9所示,图1为实施例中油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的第一主视图,图8为实施例中油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的第二主视图。
本发明的油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀主要包括阀体1、阀杆2、微动开关3和手柄4。其中:
阀体的结构形态可以多种多样。但考虑到整体结构的紧凑性,在本实施例中,将所述阀体1设计为长方体阀体,如图1、图2和图4所示。
如图4所示,所述阀体1上横向设置有燃油通道5和燃气通道6,所述燃油通道5的进油端连接有进油管接头7,所述燃油通道5的出油段连接有出油管接头8;所述燃气通道6的进气端连接有进气管接头9,所述燃气通道的出气端连接有出气管接头10,所述阀体上纵向设置有阀杆安装通道11,所述阀杆安装通道11横向贯穿燃油通道5和燃气通道6。
在实际使用的过程中,所述的燃油通道5和燃气通道6并不是唯一确定的,根据具体的需要二者可以互换。即把原燃气通道改成燃油通道,同时把原燃油通道改成燃气通道。
如图5和6所示,所述阀杆2穿设在阀杆安装通道11上,所述阀杆2上设置有一阀孔13,移动阀杆,所述阀孔13能够与燃油通道5或燃气通道6相通,所述阀杆2的控制端(图中阀杆的右端部)伸出阀体1。
所述阀杆2穿设在阀杆安装通道11上,所述阀杆上2设置有燃油阀孔13.1和燃气阀孔13.2,所述燃油阀孔13.1和燃气阀孔13.2之间的间距L1小于所述燃油通道5和燃气通道6的间距L2;当燃油阀孔13.1与燃油通道5相通时,所述燃气阀孔13.2与燃气通道6相互错开;反之,当燃气阀孔13.2与燃气通道6相通时,所述燃油阀孔13.1与燃油通道5相互错开;所述阀杆2的控制端伸出阀体1;
为了使阀体内的燃油和可燃气不会相互混合,所述阀杆2上设置有三道密封圈安装槽和三道密封圈,其中第一道密封圈26位于阀杆的内端,第二道密封圈27位于燃油阀孔和燃气阀孔之间;第三道密封圈28设置在靠近阀杆控制端的位置上。在正常的工作位置上,燃油通道5始终位于第一道密封圈26和第二道密封圈27之间;且燃气通道6始终位于第二道密封圈27和第三道密封圈28之间,保证阀体内的燃油和可燃气不会相互窜动。
如图1和图8所示,所述阀体的外壁上连接有一座板12,所述微动开关3安装在座板12上,在本发明中,所述座板12为L型座板。安装时,所述微动开关的翘柄须朝向手柄4,以便在转动手柄时,能使手柄4能够压制或松开微动开关3上的翘板15。
如图1和图8所示,所述座板12上设置有手柄铰接座14。所述手柄4的下端铰接在手柄铰接座14上,所述手柄4中部与阀杆2的控制端联动。
为了使阀杆在切换的过程中能够准确定位,如图2和图3所示,所述阀体1上还设置有用于定位阀杆的定位结构16。所述定位结构有多种,可以根据实际需要具体选定。为了便于理解,这里我们举其中的一个例子说明,在本发明中,所述的定位结构具体为:在阀体上设置一定位螺孔17,所述定位螺孔位于阀杆控制端旁侧,所述定位螺孔中安装有定位珠18、弹簧19和紧定螺钉20;所述阀杆上设置有定位凹坑21,所述定位凹坑21有两个。当定位珠18落入到定位凹坑21中时,表明阀杆2移动到位了。
实现手柄中部与阀杆的控制端联动的连接方案有多种,可以根据实际需要具体选定。为了便于理解,这里我们举其中的一个例子说明,如图1和图2、图7和图8所示,在本发明中,所述手柄4中部设置有长圆孔22,所述阀杆2的控制端上设置有一叉形结构,所述叉形结构的两个叉部上对应设置有一通孔23,所述通孔23与长圆孔22之间穿设有一螺柱24,所述螺柱的两端均安装有螺母25。
上述油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的工作方式:
安装时,将燃油通道的进油管接头和出油管接头分别对应连接到进油管路和化油器供油管路中,将燃气通道的进气管接头和出气管接头分别对应连接到进气管路和化油器供气管路中,再将微动开关与安装在化油器上的电磁阀电气连接,以便控制电磁阀工作。化油器与发动机相连接。
当发动机需要用汽油时,向内推动油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的手柄4,使阀杆2沿阀杆安装通道11向内移动,直到燃油阀孔13.1与燃油通道5相通,阀杆2移动到位后,定位结构会给出到位提示,并限制阀杆2继续移动;与此同时,燃气通道6与燃气阀孔13.2错开,燃气通道6被截止,而且微动开关的翘板也被手柄的杆部按压,微动开关将电信号传递给电磁阀,使电磁阀的阀针缩回,让化油器内油路通路,化油器对发动机供油。
当发动机需要用可燃气(液化气或天然气等)时,向外拉动油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀的手柄4,使阀杆2沿阀杆安装通道11向外移动,直到燃气阀孔13.2与燃气通道6相通,阀杆2移动到位后,定位结构会给出到位提示,并限制阀杆2继续移动;与此同时,燃油通道5与燃油阀孔13.1错开,燃油通道5被截止,且微动开关的翘板与手柄相分离,微动开关将电信号传递给电磁阀,使电磁阀的阀针顶出,阻断化油器内的油路,化油器对发动机供可燃气。
需要补充说明的是,上述的化油器为油气两用化油器,上述的电磁阀为常闭式电磁阀。
以上实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (1)
1.一种油气两用发动机的燃料转换阀,包括阀体、阀杆、微动开关和手柄,其特征在于:
所述阀体上横向设置有燃油通道和燃气通道,所述阀体上纵向设置有阀杆安装通道,所述阀杆安装通道横向贯穿燃油通道和燃气通道,所述阀杆穿设在阀杆安装通道上,所述阀杆上设置有燃油阀孔和燃气阀孔,所述燃油阀孔和燃气阀孔之间的间距小于所述燃油通道和燃气通道的间距;当燃油阀孔与燃油通道相通时,所述燃气阀孔与燃气通道相互错开;反之,当燃气阀孔与燃气通道相通时,所述燃油阀孔与燃油通道相互错开;所述阀杆的控制端伸出阀体;
所述阀体的外壁上连接有一座板,所述微动开关安装在座板上,所述座板上设置有手柄铰接座;所述手柄铰接在手柄铰接座上,所述手柄中部与阀杆的控制端联动,转动手柄,所述手柄能够压制或松开微动开关上的翘板;
所述阀体上还设置有用于定位阀杆的定位结构。
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