CN107937831B - Pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy and its forging heat treatment process - Google Patents
Pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy and its forging heat treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN107937831B CN107937831B CN201711140686.4A CN201711140686A CN107937831B CN 107937831 B CN107937831 B CN 107937831B CN 201711140686 A CN201711140686 A CN 201711140686A CN 107937831 B CN107937831 B CN 107937831B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy, by weight percentage, Main Components include C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, V, Ti, B, Nb, Ni and Al to the chemical component of the 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy；Residual elements include As, Sn, Sb, Cu, Ca and portion gas element, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.The forging process of blank is 5 fire in the forging heat treatment process of the steel alloy, forging ratio 8, and the initial heating temperature of blank is scheduled on 1250 DEG C, and the final forging temperature of each process requires to be greater than 900 DEG C, and final forging temperature of last fire is greater than 860 DEG C of %；The steel alloy met the requirements using the heat treatment process of annealing, quenching, tempering.Steel alloy prepared by the present invention room temperature with higher and elevated temperature strength, hardness, good low-temperature impact toughness, anti-temper brittleness and higher creep strength and creep rupture strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology field of Steel material, specifically a kind of pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V
Steel alloy and its forging heat treatment process.
Background technique
In recent years, in terms of petroleum refining industry, coalification chemical container, nuclear pressure container industrial expansion trend, equipment technology with
Device gradually develops to enlargement, high parameter direction, undoubtedly proposes more to the process equipment of construction of pressure vessel part
High requirement, due to being limited by process equipment (such as plate bending machine) ability, pressure vessel is increasingly prone to adopt with structural member
With forge welding structure, meanwhile, the operating condition of the harshness such as high temperature, high pressure of pressure vessel proposes higher want to the selection of material
It asks, it is heavy smithwelding that 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy, which has creep strength more higher than 12Cr2Mo1 steel alloy and creep rupture strength,
The ideal material of formula pressure vessel.NB/T47008-2017 standard " bearing device carbon steel and alloy steel forging " is right
12Cr2Mo1V Steel material ingredient and performance have clearly stipulate that still to the 12Cr2Mo1V steel weight of acquisition excellent combination property
Formula pressure container forgeable piece is welded in swaged forging, needs to optimize material composition proportion, and reasonably select the smelting, forging and heat of forging
Treatment process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy and its forging heat treatment process, protect
Card meets wanting for standard in terms of the comprehensive performances such as intensity, hardness, low-temperature impact toughness, anti-temper brittleness and creep rupture strength
It asks.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution used in the present invention are as follows:
A kind of pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy, the chemical component of the 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy is with weight percent
It include following component C: 0.14-0.15% than meter；Si:0.04-0.09%；Mn:0.55-0.60%；P :≤0.005%；S :≤
0.003%；Cr:2.40-2.50%；Mo:0.95-1.05%；V:0.25-0.30%；Ti:0.010-0.030%；B:0.0008-
0.0015%；Nb:0.025-0.040%；Ni:0.15-0.20%；Al:0.015-0.030%；Residual elements As≤0.007%；Sn≤
0.004%；Sb≤0.003%；Cu≤0.08%；Ca≤0.015%；Elemental gas [H]≤0.00015%；[O]≤0.0020%；[N]
≤0.0070%；Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The chemical component of a kind of forging heat treatment process of pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy, the steel alloy meets
Above-mentioned requirements prepare the raw material of 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy using EBT electric arc furnaces-LF furnace refining-VD vacuum refining-die casting process
Route carries out the smelting casting of steel ingot, forms cylinder blank, and the forging process of blank is 5 fire, and forging ratio 8 is specific to wrap
Include following steps:
Step 1: chamfered edge, is heated to 1250 DEG C of temperature for blank for the first time, keeps the temperature 7 hours, it is ensured that blank burning is even to be grilled thoroughly,
It comes out of the stove, thick bar hold, chamfered edge, the outer diameter of chamfered edge to blank is D1 in upper and lower flat pattern anvil；Pressure-sizing jaw again, final forging temperature
≥900℃；
Step 2: jumping-up, will be again heated to 1250 DEG C of temperature by the blank of step 1 processing, keeps the temperature 6 hours, out
Furnace, the jumping-up in jumping-up drain cap, blank upsetting to outer diameter is D2 by upper ball adding face upset plate entirety jumping-up, and height dimension is
H1, final forging temperature >=900 DEG C；
Step 3: pulling out for the first time, the blank third time by step 2 processing is heated to 1250 DEG C of temperature, heat preservation 6
Hour, it comes out of the stove, using WHF forging method, suppress pulling using the wide anvil that width is 1000mm, drafts 300-200mm, until
The cross section size dimension of blank be L1, chamfering, be rounded to blank outer diameter be D3, chop riser end 1. and mouth of a river end 2.,
The cutting length of blank is having a size of L2, final forging temperature >=900 DEG C；
Step 4: rushing centre bore, blank the 4th time by step 3 processing is heated to 1250 DEG C of temperature, heat preservation 4 is small
When, it comes out of the stove, by blank jumping-up to height having a size of H2, outer diameter D4, with the dinking primary drying center of diameter D5=450mm
Core material is removed in hole, and the size of saddle support reaming to centre bore is D6, and the outer diameter of blank is D7, final forging temperature >=900 DEG C at this time；
Step 5: second pulls out, by the blank by step 4 processing be 500mm with diameter plug in upper flat, lower V
It is pulled out in swage block, first pulls out both ends, then pull out centre, and ensure uniform wall thickness, then upper saddle support reaming, shaping, obtain meeting design
The forging that size requires, final forging temperature >=860 DEG C；
The forging forged by above-mentioned steps is heat-treated again, the pressure vessel for obtaining meeting design requirement is used
12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy.
Preferably, the forging heat treatment process the following steps are included:
Annealing: forging to be heated is put into heat-treatment furnace, 400 DEG C of heat preservation 4h, heat-treatment furnace is with the liter of≤60 DEG C/h
Warm speed is heated to 710 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 8h, then is heated to 930 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 8h with the heating rate of≤120 DEG C/h, with≤
The cooling rate furnace cooling of 70 DEG C/h is come out of the stove air-cooled to 400 DEG C；
Quenching: the shove charge at≤400 DEG C by the forging after annealing is heated to 930 ± 10 with the heating rate of≤100 DEG C/h
DEG C heat preservation 8h, water cooling of coming out of the stove；
Tempering: the third time shove charge at≤400 DEG C by quenched forging is heated to the heating rate of≤100 DEG C/h
710 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 8h, come out of the stove air-cooled, obtain the pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy for meeting design requirement.
Preferably, forging is to obtain good tissue and comprehensive mechanical property in the quenching Step, it is desirable that forging quenching
Water temperature≤25 DEG C before entering water；In hardening step, using the method for quenching is proposed, i.e., the forging for heating fresh baked is entered into water completely and is kept
After 2min, leaves the water break forging surface air film rapidly, be repeated 2 times, then forging is entered into water, realize the rapid cooling of forging.
The chemical component of 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy of the present invention is in NB/T47008-2017 standard " bearing device carbon
Plain steel and alloy steel forging " it is optimized on the basis of claimed range, wherein C element content is to guarantee that alloy hardness of steel meets mark
The principal element of alignment request, C element content is low, and intensity can not meet requirement；C element content is high, can reduce 12Cr2Mo1V alloy
The low-temperature flexibility and weldability of steel, it is contemplated that the steel grade belongs to low-alloy steel, therefore the control of C element content is in standard requirements range
The upper limit.Si element is the essential element that ferrite is formed, and be intensifier is also to promote the brittle factor, and Si element oneself will not
Cause embrittlement, but play a driving role to the embrittlement of P element: when P element content is high, P element can be usually extruded into crystalline substance by Si member
(when heat treatment after forging cooling velocity is slow, times of tempering is more and causes also make embrittlement when the big Mr. Yu's value of tempering parameter Pt value at boundary
Factor crystal boundary is precipitated)；And O element also can be combined into SiO with Si element2Type oxide is mingled with wherein, and is enriched with to grain boundaries,
Cause grain boundaries brittle；Suitable Si constituent content can reduce austenite transformation temperature, to inhibit the analysis of pro-eutectoid ferrite
Out, tiny bainite structure is advantageously formed, to improve the intensity and toughness of steel alloy；Mn element, Ni element were due to both
The harden ability that steel can be improved can improve the low-temperature flexibility of steel again, therefore Mn element, Ni control of element are in standard requirements range
The upper limit.Mo element can improve the harden ability of steel and mitigate steel belt roof bolt brittleness, mark so Mo constituent content should control
The upper limit of alignment request range；V element can be improved the harden ability of steel and mechanical behavior under high temperature and can refine crystal grain, and have precipitating
Invigoration effect, but excessive V element is easy to produce forge crack, so middle limit of the V element control in standard requirements range.Ti member
Element is similar with the effect of V element, and TiC stable carbide is precipitated after heat treatment.Nb element belongs to the microalloy element in steel alloy,
Its content of strict control is needed, Nb constituent content is excessively high to make the segregation of steel ingot center portion coarse, there is the carbide of Nb element, thus
Cause the toughness of steel alloy to decline, thus control Nb element content be not easy it is excessively high.Pressure vessel of the present invention is used
12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy is extremely stringent to the limitation of the harmful elements such as Cu, As, Sn, Sb, proposes extremely to above-mentioned harmful element
Stringent control requirement.Pressure vessel of the present invention has good degree of purity with 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy, and has good
Plasticity, toughness require the harmful elements such as S, P, H, O, N and elemental gas relatively stringent.
Pressure vessel of the present invention is with 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy using conventional smelting pouring technology.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) present invention is matched with 12Cr2Mo1V alloy composition and is reasonably selected smelting, forging by optimization pressure container
And heat treatment process, so that 12Cr2Mo1V alloy steel forging room temperature with higher and elevated temperature strength, hardness, good low temperature
Impact flexibility, anti-temper brittleness and higher creep strength and creep rupture strength are repeatedly produced verifying and measure its intensity, hard
Degree meets the requirement of NB/T47008-2017 standard " bearing device carbon steel and alloy steel forging "；
(2) pressure vessel -30 DEG C of low-temperature impact toughness of 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy of technique of the present invention manufacture are utilized
(Kv2) > 300J, temper brittleness sensibility evaluate < -80 DEG C of VTr54 of VTr54+3.0 Δ, and performance indexes all has larger
Surplus capacity.
(3) forging of pressure vessel of the present invention 12Cr2Mo1V alloy steel forging, heat treatment process are easy in fact
It applies, the alloyed steel ingot of acquisition meets the requirement of design.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the blank structure schematic diagram of forging technology step 1 chamfered edge；
Fig. 2 is the blank structure schematic diagram of forging technology step 2 jumping-up；
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the blank structure schematic diagrames of forging technology step 3 pulling for the first time；
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are the blank structure schematic diagrames that forging technology step 4 rushes centre bore；
Fig. 7 is second of forging structural schematic diagram pulled out of forging technology step 5；
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are the bainite microscopic structure pictures for preparing the forging of completion.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
A kind of pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy, the chemical component of the 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy is with weight percent
It include following component C: 0.14-0.15% than meter；Si:0.04-0.09%；Mn:0.55-0.60%；P :≤0.005%；S :≤
0.003%；Cr:2.40-2.50%；Mo:0.95-1.05%；V:0.25-0.30%；Ti:0.010-0.030%；B:0.0008-
0.0015%；Nb:0.025-0.040%；Ni:0.15-0.20%；Al:0.015-0.030%；Residual elements As≤0.007%；Sn≤
0.004%；Sb≤0.003%；Cu≤0.08%；Ca≤0.015%；Elemental gas [H]≤0.00015%；[O]≤0.0020%；[N]
≤0.0070%；Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The chemical component of a kind of forging heat treatment process of pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy, the steel alloy meets
Above-mentioned requirements prepare the raw material of 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy using EBT electric arc furnaces-LF furnace refining-VD vacuum refining-die casting process
Route carries out the smelting casting of steel ingot, forms cylinder blank, and the forging process of blank is 5 fire, forging ratio 8, with size
To be illustrated for outer diameter D=1335mm, internal diameter d=865mm, long L=1950mm cylinder forgings.20T is used according to forge weight
The blank of specification, the initial heating temperature of blank are scheduled on 1250 DEG C, and the final forging temperature of each process requires to be greater than 900 DEG C, most
The shaping stage of latter fire allows final forging temperature big to control the grain size and the uniform tissue that is refined of finished product forging
In 860 DEG C.Forging technology specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: chamfered edge keeps the temperature 7 hours, it is ensured that blank as shown in Figure 1, blank is heated to 1250 DEG C of temperature for the first time
Burn it is even grill thoroughly, come out of the stove, thick bar hold, chamfered edge, in upper and lower flat pattern anvil chamfered edge to blank outer diameter be D1=1000mm；Again
Pressure-sizing jaw, final forging temperature >=900 DEG C；
Step 2: jumping-up, as shown in Fig. 2, by being again heated to 1250 DEG C of temperature by the blank of step 1 processing, heat preservation
6 hours, come out of the stove, the jumping-up in jumping-up drain cap, upper ball adding face upset plate entirety jumping-up, by blank upsetting to outer diameter be D2=
2000mm, height dimension are H1=600mm, final forging temperature >=900 DEG C；
Step 3: pulling out for the first time, as shown in figure 3, the blank third time by step 2 processing is heated to temperature
1250 DEG C, 6 hours are kept the temperature, is come out of the stove, using WHF forging method, as shown in figure 4, being suppressed using the wide anvil that width is 1000mm
Pulling, drafts 300-200mm, until the cross section size dimension of blank is L1=1050mm, chamfering, the outer diameter for being rounded to blank
Having a size of D3=1100mm, chop riser end 1. and mouth of a river end 2., the cutting length of blank having a size of L2=1950mm, final forging temperature >=
900℃；
Step 4: rushing centre bore, as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, blank the 4th time by step 3 processing is heated to temperature
1250 DEG C, 4 hours are kept the temperature, is come out of the stove, by blank jumping-up to height having a size of H2 ≈ 1000mm, outer diameter is D4=1700mm, is used
The dinking primary drying centre bore of diameter D5=450mm removes core material, and the size of saddle support reaming to centre bore is D6=550mm, at this time base
The outer diameter of material is D7=1200mm, final forging temperature >=900 DEG C；
Step 5: second pulls out, by the blank by step 4 processing be 500mm with diameter plug in upper flat, lower V
It is pulled out in swage block, first pulls out both ends, then pull out centre, and ensure uniform wall thickness, then upper saddle support reaming, shaping, obtain meeting design
The forging that size requires, as shown in fig. 7, final forging temperature >=860 DEG C；
The heat treatment process of the forging the following steps are included:
Annealing: forging to be heated is put into heat-treatment furnace, 400 DEG C of heat preservation 4h, heat-treatment furnace is with the liter of≤60 DEG C/h
Warm speed is heated to 710 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 8h, then is heated to 930 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 8h with the heating rate of≤120 DEG C/h, with≤
The cooling rate furnace cooling of 70 DEG C/h is come out of the stove air-cooled to 400 DEG C；
Quenching: the shove charge at≤400 DEG C by the forging after annealing is heated to 930 ± 10 with the heating rate of≤100 DEG C/h
DEG C heat preservation 8h, water cooling of coming out of the stove；Forging is to obtain good tissue and comprehensive mechanical property, it is desirable that the water temperature before forging quenching water-inlet
≤25℃；In hardening step, using the method for quenching is proposed, i.e., after the forging for heating fresh baked being entered water holding 2min completely, mention rapidly
The water surface breaks forging surface air film out, is repeated 2 times, then forging is entered water, realizes the rapid cooling of forging.
Tempering: the third time shove charge at≤400 DEG C by quenched forging is heated to the heating rate of≤100 DEG C/h
710 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 8h, come out of the stove air-cooled, obtain the pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy for meeting design requirement.
Two groups of samples are taken to carry out performance detection respectively the forging prepared according to the method described in the present invention, including room temperature is bent
Take intensity (Rel) and tensile strength (Rm), 450 DEG C of high-temperature yield strengths (Rel), -30 DEG C of low-temperature impact toughness (Kv2), Ovshinsky
Body grain size, A, B, C, D, Ds class non-metallic inclusion, the evaluation of temper brittleness sensibility, stress-rupture tester, testing result is such as
Under:
First group of sample: room-temperature yield strength (Rel) is 549MPa and tensile strength (Rm) is 660MPa, 450 DEG C of high temperature
Yield strength (Rel) is 480MPa, and hardness 198HB, -30 DEG C of low-temperature impact toughness (Kv2) are 307J, and autstenitic grain size is
9.0 grades, A, B, C, D, Ds class non-metallic inclusion are respectively less than 0.5 grade, temper brittleness sensibility evaluate VTr54+3.0 Δ VTr54=
- 87 DEG C, microscopic structure is bainite tempered structure (as shown in Figure 8).
Second group of sample: room-temperature yield strength (Rel) is 542MPa and tensile strength (Rm) is 654MPa, 450 DEG C of high temperature
Yield strength (Rel) is 478MPa, and hardness 197HB, -30 DEG C of low-temperature impact toughness (Kv2) are 310J, and autstenitic grain size is
9.0 grades, A, B, C, D, Ds class non-metallic inclusion are respectively less than 0.5 grade, temper brittleness sensibility evaluate VTr54+3.0 Δ VTr54=
- 90 DEG C, microscopic structure is bainite tempered structure (as shown in Figure 9).
Stress-rupture tester: sample keeps 1000h unbroken in the case where temperature is 540 DEG C, stress is 210MPa.
The present invention by optimization pressure container with 12Cr2Mo1V alloy composition match and reasonably select smelt, forging and
Heat treatment process, so that 12Cr2Mo1V alloy steel forging room temperature with higher and elevated temperature strength, hardness, good low temperature punching
Toughness, anti-temper brittleness and higher creep strength and creep rupture strength are hit, verifying measurement its intensity, hardness are repeatedly produced
Meet the requirement of NB/T47008-2017 standard " bearing device carbon steel and alloy steel forging "；Utilize technique of the present invention
The pressure vessel of manufacture -30 DEG C of low-temperature impact toughness of 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy (Kv2) > 300J, temper brittleness sensibility are commented
Determine < -80 DEG C of VTr54 of VTr54+3.0 Δ, performance indexes all has biggish surplus capacity.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of forging heat treatment process of pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy, the chemical component of the steel alloy is with weight
Percentages include following component C: 0.14-0.15%；Si:0.04-0.09%；Mn:0.55-0.60%；P :≤0.005%；S :≤
0.003%；Cr:2.40-2.50%；Mo:0.95-1.05%；V:0.25-0.30%；Ti:0.010-0.030%；B:0.0008-
0.0015%；Nb:0.025-0.040%；Ni:0.15-0.20%；Al:0.015-0.030%；Residual elements As≤0.007%；Sn≤
0.004%；Sb≤0.003%；Cu≤0.08%；Ca≤0.015%；Elemental gas [H]≤0.00015%；[O]≤0.0020%；[N]
≤0.0070%；Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, it is characterised in that: the raw material for preparing 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy uses
EBT electric arc furnaces-LF furnace refining-VD vacuum refining-die casting process route carries out the smelting casting of steel ingot, forms cylinder blank,
The forging process of blank be 5 fire, forging ratio 8, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: chamfered edge, is heated to 1250 DEG C of temperature for blank for the first time, keeps the temperature 7 hours, it is ensured that blank burning is even to be grilled thoroughly, and is come out of the stove,
Thick bar hold, chamfered edge, the outer diameter of chamfered edge to blank is D1 in upper and lower flat pattern anvil；Pressure-sizing jaw again, final forging temperature >=900
℃；
Step 2: jumping-up, will be again heated to 1250 DEG C of temperature by the blank of step 1 processing, keeps the temperature 6 hours, come out of the stove,
Blank upsetting to outer diameter is D2, height dimension H1, end by jumping-up in jumping-up drain cap, upper ball adding face upset plate entirety jumping-up
Forge temperature >=900 DEG C；
Step 3: pulling out for the first time, the blank third time by step 2 processing is heated to 1250 DEG C of temperature, keeps the temperature 6 hours,
It comes out of the stove, using WHF forging method, carries out suppressing pulling, drafts 300-200mm, until blank using the wide anvil that width is 1000mm
Cross section size dimension be L1, chamfering, be rounded to blank outer diameter be D3, chop riser end 1. and mouth of a river end 2., blank
Cutting length having a size of L2, final forging temperature >=900 DEG C；
Step 4: rushing centre bore, blank the 4th time by step 3 processing is heated to 1250 DEG C of temperature, keeps the temperature 4 hours, out
Furnace goes blank jumping-up to height having a size of H2, outer diameter D4 with the dinking primary drying centre bore of diameter D5=450mm
Core material, the size of saddle support reaming to centre bore are D6, and the outer diameter of blank is D7, final forging temperature >=900 DEG C at this time；
Step 5: second pulls out, by the blank by step 4 processing be 500mm with diameter plug in upper flat, lower V-type anvil
Middle pulling first pulls out both ends, then pulls out centre, and ensures uniform wall thickness, and then upper saddle support reaming, shaping, obtain meeting design size
It is required that forging, final forging temperature >=860 DEG C；
The forging forged by above-mentioned steps is heat-treated again, the pressure vessel for obtaining meeting design requirement is used
12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy.
2. the forging heat treatment process of pressure vessel according to claim 1 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy, feature exist
In: the forging heat treatment process the following steps are included:
Annealing: forging to be heated being put into heat-treatment furnace, 400 DEG C of heat preservation 4h, and heat-treatment furnace is with the heating speed of≤60 DEG C/h
Degree is heated to 710 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 8h, then is heated to 930 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 8h with the heating rate of≤120 DEG C/h, with≤70
DEG C/the cooling rate furnace cooling of h come out of the stove to 400 DEG C it is air-cooled；
Quenching: the shove charge at≤400 DEG C by the forging after annealing is heated to 930 ± 10 DEG C of guarantors with the heating rate of≤100 DEG C/h
Warm 8h, water cooling of coming out of the stove；
Tempering: the third time shove charge at≤400 DEG C by quenched forging, 710 are heated to the heating rate of≤100 DEG C/h ±
10 DEG C of heat preservation 8h, come out of the stove air-cooled, obtain the pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy for meeting design requirement.
3. the forging heat treatment process of pressure vessel according to claim 2 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy, feature exist
In: forging is to obtain good tissue and comprehensive mechanical property in the quenching Step, it is desirable that the water temperature before forging quenching water-inlet
≤25℃；In hardening step, using the method for quenching is proposed, i.e., after the forging for heating fresh baked being entered water holding 2min completely, mention rapidly
The water surface breaks forging surface air film out, is repeated 2 times, then forging is entered water, realizes the rapid cooling of forging.
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