CN110227907A - A kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland - Google Patents
A kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland Download PDFInfo
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- CN110227907A CN110227907A CN201910477549.2A CN201910477549A CN110227907A CN 110227907 A CN110227907 A CN 110227907A CN 201910477549 A CN201910477549 A CN 201910477549A CN 110227907 A CN110227907 A CN 110227907A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing methods of high accurate speed reducer gland, include the following steps S1: blank is chosen;S2: blank heating;S3: forging, forging process is divided into be forged three times;S4: trimming;S5: cooling;S6: heat treatment carries out stepped-style heat treatment to the workpiece after trimming;S7: the part after heat treatment is put into compressed air shotblasting machine shot-peening 25-30 minutes by bead, removes surface scale, improves forging surface quality;S8: roughing carries out turning or milling to the fitting surface of gland, stays 1~2mm allowance for finish;S9: finishing carries out smart car finish-milling to the fitting surface of gland using fine turning lathe or machining center, stays the fine grinding surplus of 0.05-0.1;S10: surface fine grinding refines the fitting surface to gland using grinding machine, reaches design size.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forming technique fields, concretely relate to a kind of processing side of high accurate speed reducer gland
Method.
Background technique
The speed reducer output shaft of mechanical arm can usually carry out power output connection by output panel, and in the outer of output panel
End can be arranged the progress of its corresponding gland and connect with external equipment, then just needing gland intensity with higher and preferable
Comprehensive performance, in addition it is also necessary to which it is with high wearability, so that its service life can be promoted.
In addition, for mechanical arm gland, it is very high for the required precision of gland, then gland is just needed to form
There is higher dimensional stability later.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland, the gland produced using this method
Intensity with higher and preferable comprehensive performance make it have high wearability in addition, gland surfaces hardness is high, thus
It is able to ascend its service life.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland, includes the following steps
S1: blank is chosen;
S2: blank heating is heated to 1100 DEG C -1200 DEG C to cylinder blank using intermediate frequency furnace;
S3: forging, forging process is divided into be forged three times;
Forge for the first time: forging temperature is 1180~1210 DEG C;In first time forging, blank is successively pulled out, jumping-up and again
Pull out jumping-up again;Final forging temperature >=900 DEG C;It completes after forging for the first time, embryo material is air-cooled to 200~230 DEG C, then by blank
It is put into heating furnace, with the heating speed of 300-400 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is 1200-1250 DEG C, keeps 40- at a temperature of this
45min;
Second of forging;Forging temperature is 1210-1250 DEG C;In second of forging, it will be punched out after blank jumping-up;Finish-forging
Temperature >=900 DEG C;It completes second after forging, embryo material is air-cooled to 120~140 DEG C, then blank is put into heating furnace, with
The heating speed of 300-400 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is 1100-1150 DEG C, keeps 40-45min at a temperature of this;
Third time is forged: forging temperature is 1100~1180 DEG C;In third time forging, the accurate outer of gland is obtained using mold
Shape;
S4: the complete part of finish forge is put into shaving die by trimming, makes part and overlap point using part and lower die shear action
From;
S5: cooling, the part after trimming is air-cooled to room temperature;
S6: heat treatment is heat-treated the workpiece after trimming;
S61: surface treatment: clearing up piece surface to be processed, removes greasy dirt and iron rust;
S62: quenching: the part after surface treated is quenched, quenching process is as follows:
A, by the heat parts to be processed after cleaning, Quench heating is to 820~860 DEG C;
B, the part after heating is pre-chilled, and so that part is first cooled to 790~800 DEG C, then carry out water cooling, after water cooling
The temperature of part should be controlled at 120~140 DEG C;
S63: tempering carries out tempering to by quenching part after cooling, and tempering process is as follows:
C, the heat parts after water cooling have following heating stepses
C1: heating furnace is first preheated to 500-550 DEG C;
C2: part being placed in heating furnace, 500-550 DEG C of constant temperature in furnace, keeps 45-65min;
C3: in-furnace temperature is increased to 550-600 DEG C, continues constant temperature 35-45min;
C4: in-furnace temperature is increased to 600-640 DEG C, again constant temperature 35-45min;
C5: 640-700 DEG C is raised the temperature to, constant temperature time is not less than 5.5 hours;
C6: after heat preservation, be furnace-cooled to 250 ± 10 DEG C come out of the stove it is air-cooled, furnace cooling rate control in 50~60 DEG C/h;
D, it is air-cooled be cooled to 65 DEG C after carry out a high tempering, with the heating speed of 300-400 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is
800-850 DEG C, 40min is kept at a temperature of this, it is air-cooled after coming out of the stove;
S7: the part after heat treatment is put into compressed air shotblasting machine shot-peening 25-30 minutes by bead, removes surface scale, is improved
Forging surface quality;
S8: roughing carries out turning or milling to the fitting surface of gland, stays 1~2mm allowance for finish;
S9: finishing carries out smart car finish-milling to the fitting surface of gland using fine turning lathe or machining center, stays the essence of 0.05-0.1
Grind surplus;
S10: surface fine grinding refines the fitting surface to gland using grinding machine, reaches design size.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: the embryo material material in step S1 is 45# steel.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: the step S9 is sprayed using compressed air shotblasting machine
Ball processing.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: the step S2 includes:
S21: heating;Heating temperature is 1100 DEG C -1200 DEG C;
S22: heat preservation 1-1.2h.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: step S2, S3, which uses, to be not less than
1000 tonnes of forging press is processed.
The present invention compared with prior art it is prominent and beneficial have the technical effect that using the gland that this method produces have it is higher
Intensity and preferable comprehensive performance high wearability is made it have, so as to be promoted in addition, gland surfaces hardness is high
Its service life.
And its internal stress is small, can have excellent dimensional stability in later period use process.
Using multiple forging steps and heat treatment step, the density and compactness of platen interior tissue are improved, it is improved
Intensity and mechanical performance.
Using multiple ladders, each gradient corresponds to corresponding temperature and constant temperature time, the temperature difference between each ladder
Smaller, it is small that the tempering of the small temperature difference of multi-ladder is more advantageous to the residual stress reduced in platen, while controlling highest annealing temperature
Degree and control shorten the constant temperature time of maximum temperature, are more advantageous to and the crystal grain of objectionable impurities is inhibited to increase, and make normal brilliant in platen
Particle size is more uniform, can achieve refinement crystal grain, eliminates tissue defects, improves the effect of hardness.
And carry out second of high tempering again after first time tempering, the temperature of high tempering is high, but permanent
The time of temperature is short, further eliminates tissue defects, improves the effect of hardness, while shorter constant temperature time can be conducive to inhibit
The crystal grain of objectionable impurities increases.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the application clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, to technical solution into
Row clearly and completely describes,
Embodiment one
A kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland, includes the following steps
S1: blank is chosen;
S2: blank heating is heated to 1100 DEG C DEG C to cylinder blank using intermediate frequency furnace;
S3: forging, forging process is divided into be forged three times;
Forge for the first time: forging temperature is 1180 DEG C;In first time forging, blank is successively pulled out, jumping-up and is pulled out again again
Jumping-up;Final forging temperature >=900 DEG C;It completes after forging for the first time, embryo material is air-cooled to 200~230 DEG C, then blank is put into and is added
In hot stove, with the heating speed of 300 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is 1200 DEG C, keeps 40min at a temperature of this;
Second of forging;Forging temperature is 1210 DEG C;In second of forging, it will be punched out after blank jumping-up;Final forging temperature
≥900℃;It completes second after forging, embryo material is air-cooled to 120 DEG C, then blank is put into heating furnace, with 300-400
DEG C/heating speed of h, being heated to temperature is 1100 DEG C, keeps 40min at a temperature of this;
Third time is forged: forging temperature is 1100 DEG C;In third time forging, the arcuate shape of gland is obtained using mold;
S4: the complete part of finish forge is put into shaving die by trimming, makes part and overlap point using part and lower die shear action
From;
S5: cooling, the part after trimming is air-cooled to room temperature;
S6: heat treatment is heat-treated the workpiece after trimming;
S61: surface treatment: clearing up piece surface to be processed, removes greasy dirt and iron rust;
S62: quenching: the part after surface treated is quenched, quenching process is as follows:
A, by the heat parts to be processed after cleaning, Quench heating is to 820 DEG C;
B, the part after heating is pre-chilled, and so that part is first cooled to 790 DEG C, then carry out water cooling, part after water cooling
Temperature should control at 120 DEG C;
S63: tempering carries out tempering to by quenching part after cooling, and tempering process is as follows:
C, the heat parts after water cooling have following heating stepses
C1: heating furnace is first preheated to 500 DEG C;
C2: part being placed in heating furnace, 500 DEG C of constant temperature in furnace, keeps 45min;
C3: in-furnace temperature is increased to 550 DEG C, continues constant temperature 35min;
C4: in-furnace temperature is increased to 600 DEG C, again constant temperature 35min;
C5: 640 DEG C are raised the temperature to, constant temperature time is not less than 5.5 hours;
C6: after heat preservation, be furnace-cooled to 250 ± 10 DEG C come out of the stove it is air-cooled, furnace cooling rate control in 50 DEG C/h;
D, it is air-cooled be cooled to 65 DEG C after carry out a high tempering, with the heating speed of 300 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is 800 DEG C,
40min is kept at a temperature of this, it is air-cooled after coming out of the stove;
S7: the part after heat treatment is put into shot-peening 25 minutes in compressed air shotblasting machine, removes surface scale, improves forging by bead
Part surface quality;
S8: roughing carries out turning or milling to the fitting surface of gland, stays 1~2mm allowance for finish;
S9: finishing carries out smart car finish-milling to the fitting surface of gland using fine turning lathe or machining center, stays the essence of 0.05-0.1
Grind surplus;
S10: surface fine grinding refines the fitting surface to gland using grinding machine, reaches design size.
Embryo material material in step S1 is 45# steel.
The step S9 carries out bead using compressed air shotblasting machine.
The step S2 includes:
S21: heating;Heating temperature is 1100 DEG C;
S22: heat preservation 1h.
Step S2, S3 uses the forging press not less than 1000 tonnes to be processed.
The gland intensity with higher and preferable comprehensive performance produced using this method, in addition, gland surfaces are hard
Degree is high, high wearability is made it have, so as to promote its service life.
And its internal stress is small, can have excellent dimensional stability in later period use process.
Embodiment two
A kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland, includes the following steps
S1: blank is chosen;
S2: blank heating is heated to 1150 DEG C DEG C to cylinder blank using intermediate frequency furnace;
S3: forging, forging process is divided into be forged three times;
Forge for the first time: forging temperature is 1200 DEG C;In first time forging, blank is successively pulled out, jumping-up and is pulled out again again
Jumping-up;Final forging temperature >=900 DEG C;It completes after forging for the first time, embryo material is air-cooled to 215 DEG C, blank is then put into heating furnace
In, with the heating speed of 300-400 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is 1225 DEG C, keeps 42.5min at a temperature of this;
Second of forging;Forging temperature is 1230 DEG C;In second of forging, it will be punched out after blank jumping-up;Final forging temperature
≥900℃;It completes second after forging, embryo material is air-cooled to 130 DEG C, then blank is put into heating furnace, with 300-400
DEG C/heating speed of h, being heated to temperature is 1125 DEG C, keeps 42.5min at a temperature of this;
Third time is forged: forging temperature is 1140 DEG C;In third time forging, the arcuate shape of gland is obtained using mold;
S4: the complete part of finish forge is put into shaving die by trimming, makes part and overlap point using part and lower die shear action
From;
S5: cooling, the part after trimming is air-cooled to room temperature;
S6: heat treatment is heat-treated the workpiece after trimming;
S61: surface treatment: clearing up piece surface to be processed, removes greasy dirt and iron rust;
S62: quenching: the part after surface treated is quenched, quenching process is as follows:
A, by the heat parts to be processed after cleaning, Quench heating is to 840 DEG C;
B, the part after heating is pre-chilled, and so that part is first cooled to 795 DEG C, then carry out water cooling, part after water cooling
Temperature should control at 130 DEG C;
S63: tempering carries out tempering to by quenching part after cooling, and tempering process is as follows:
C, the heat parts after water cooling have following heating stepses
C1: heating furnace is first preheated to 525 DEG C;
C2: part being placed in heating furnace, 525 DEG C of constant temperature in furnace, keeps 50min;
C3: in-furnace temperature is increased to 575 DEG C, continues constant temperature 40min;
C4: in-furnace temperature is increased to 620 DEG C, again constant temperature 40min;
C5: 670 DEG C are raised the temperature to, constant temperature time is not less than 5.5 hours;
C6: after heat preservation, be furnace-cooled to 250 ± 10 DEG C come out of the stove it is air-cooled, furnace cooling rate control in 55 DEG C/h;
D, it is air-cooled be cooled to 65 DEG C after carry out a high tempering, with the heating speed of 300-400 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is
825 DEG C, 40min is kept at a temperature of this, it is air-cooled after coming out of the stove;
S7: the part after heat treatment is put into shot-peening 27.5 minutes in compressed air shotblasting machine, removes surface scale, improved by bead
Forging surface quality;
S8: roughing carries out turning or milling to the fitting surface of gland, stays 1~2mm allowance for finish;
S9: finishing carries out smart car finish-milling to the fitting surface of gland using fine turning lathe or machining center, stays the essence of 0.05-0.1
Grind surplus;
S10: surface fine grinding refines the fitting surface to gland using grinding machine, reaches design size.
Embryo material material in step S1 is 45# steel.
The step S9 carries out bead using compressed air shotblasting machine.
The step S2 includes:
S21: heating;Heating temperature is 1150 DEG C;
S22: heat preservation 101h.
Step S2, S3 uses the forging press not less than 1000 tonnes to be processed.
The gland intensity with higher and preferable comprehensive performance produced using this method, in addition, gland surfaces are hard
Degree is high, high wearability is made it have, so as to promote its service life.
And its internal stress is small, can have excellent dimensional stability in later period use process.
Embodiment three
A kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland, includes the following steps
S1: blank is chosen;
S2: blank heating is heated to 1200 DEG C to cylinder blank using intermediate frequency furnace;
S3: forging, forging process is divided into be forged three times;
Forge for the first time: forging temperature is 1210 DEG C;In first time forging, blank is successively pulled out, jumping-up and is pulled out again again
Jumping-up;Final forging temperature >=900 DEG C;It completes after forging for the first time, embryo material is air-cooled to 230 DEG C, blank is then put into heating furnace
In, with the heating speed of 300-400 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is 1250 DEG C, keeps 45min at a temperature of this;
Second of forging;Forging temperature is 1250 DEG C;In second of forging, it will be punched out after blank jumping-up;Final forging temperature
≥900℃;It completes second after forging, embryo material is air-cooled to 140 DEG C, then blank is put into heating furnace, with 300-400
DEG C/heating speed of h, being heated to temperature is 1150 DEG C, keeps 45min at a temperature of this;
Third time is forged: forging temperature is 1180 DEG C;In third time forging, the arcuate shape of gland is obtained using mold;
S4: the complete part of finish forge is put into shaving die by trimming, makes part and overlap point using part and lower die shear action
From;
S5: cooling, the part after trimming is air-cooled to room temperature;
S6: heat treatment is heat-treated the workpiece after trimming;
S61: surface treatment: clearing up piece surface to be processed, removes greasy dirt and iron rust;
S62: quenching: the part after surface treated is quenched, quenching process is as follows:
A, by the heat parts to be processed after cleaning, Quench heating is to 860 DEG C;
B, the part after heating is pre-chilled, and so that part is first cooled to 800 DEG C, then carry out water cooling, part after water cooling
Temperature should control at 140 DEG C;
S63: tempering carries out tempering to by quenching part after cooling, and tempering process is as follows:
C, the heat parts after water cooling have following heating stepses
C1: heating furnace is first preheated to 550 DEG C;
C2: part being placed in heating furnace, 550 DEG C of constant temperature in furnace, keeps 65min;
C3: in-furnace temperature is increased to 600 DEG C, continues constant temperature 45min;
C4: in-furnace temperature is increased to 640 DEG C, again constant temperature 45min;
C5: 700 DEG C are raised the temperature to, constant temperature time is not less than 5.5 hours;
C6: after heat preservation, be furnace-cooled to 250 ± 10 DEG C come out of the stove it is air-cooled, furnace cooling rate control in 60 DEG C/h;
D, it is air-cooled be cooled to 65 DEG C after carry out a high tempering, with the heating speed of 300-400 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is
850 DEG C, 40min is kept at a temperature of this, it is air-cooled after coming out of the stove;
S7: the part after heat treatment is put into shot-peening 30 minutes in compressed air shotblasting machine, removes surface scale, improves forging by bead
Part surface quality;
S8: roughing carries out turning or milling to the fitting surface of gland, stays 1~2mm allowance for finish;
S9: finishing carries out smart car finish-milling to the fitting surface of gland using fine turning lathe or machining center, stays the essence of 0.05-0.1
Grind surplus;
S10: surface fine grinding refines the fitting surface to gland using grinding machine, reaches design size.
Embryo material material in step S1 is 45# steel.
The step S9 carries out bead using compressed air shotblasting machine.
The step S2 includes:
S21: heating;Heating temperature is 1200 DEG C;
S22: heat preservation 1.2h.
Step S2, S3 uses the forging press not less than 1000 tonnes to be processed.
The gland intensity with higher and preferable comprehensive performance produced using this method, in addition, gland surfaces are hard
Degree is high, high wearability is made it have, so as to promote its service life.
And its internal stress is small, can have excellent dimensional stability in later period use process.
Above-described embodiment is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limited the scope of the invention according to this, therefore: it is all according to
The equivalence changes that structure of the invention, shape, principle are done, should all be covered by within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland, it is characterised in that: include the following steps
S1: blank is chosen;
S2: blank heating is heated to 1100 DEG C -1200 DEG C to cylinder blank using intermediate frequency furnace;
S3: forging, forging process is divided into be forged three times;
Forge for the first time: forging temperature is 1180~1210 DEG C;In first time forging, blank is successively pulled out, jumping-up and again
Pull out jumping-up again;Final forging temperature >=900 DEG C;It completes after forging for the first time, embryo material is air-cooled to 200~230 DEG C, then by blank
It is put into heating furnace, with the heating speed of 300-400 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is 1200-1250 DEG C, keeps 40- at a temperature of this
45min;
Second of forging;Forging temperature is 1210-1250 DEG C;In second of forging, it will be punched out after blank jumping-up;Finish-forging
Temperature >=900 DEG C;It completes second after forging, embryo material is air-cooled to 120~140 DEG C, then blank is put into heating furnace, with
The heating speed of 300-400 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is 1100-1150 DEG C, keeps 40-45min at a temperature of this;
Third time is forged: forging temperature is 1100~1180 DEG C;In third time forging, the accurate outer of gland is obtained using mold
Shape;
S4: the complete part of finish forge is put into shaving die by trimming, makes part and overlap point using part and lower die shear action
From;
S5: cooling, the part after trimming is air-cooled to room temperature;
S6: heat treatment is heat-treated the workpiece after trimming;
S61: surface treatment: clearing up piece surface to be processed, removes greasy dirt and iron rust;
S62: quenching: the part after surface treated is quenched, quenching process is as follows:
A, by the heat parts to be processed after cleaning, Quench heating is to 820~860 DEG C;
B, the part after heating is pre-chilled, and so that part is first cooled to 790~800 DEG C, then carry out water cooling, water cooling terminates
The temperature of part should be controlled at 120~140 DEG C afterwards;
S63: tempering carries out tempering to by quenching part after cooling, and tempering process is as follows:
C, the heat parts after water cooling have following heating stepses
C1: heating furnace is first preheated to 500-550 DEG C;
C2: part being placed in heating furnace, 500-550 DEG C of constant temperature in furnace, keeps 45-65min;
C3: in-furnace temperature is increased to 550-600 DEG C, continues constant temperature 35-45min;
C4: in-furnace temperature is increased to 600-640 DEG C, again constant temperature 35-45min;
C5: 640-700 DEG C is raised the temperature to, constant temperature time is not less than 5.5 hours;
C6: after heat preservation, be furnace-cooled to 250 ± 10 DEG C come out of the stove it is air-cooled, furnace cooling rate control in 50~60 DEG C/h;
D, it is air-cooled be cooled to 65 DEG C after carry out a high tempering, with the heating speed of 300-400 DEG C/h, being heated to temperature is
800-850 DEG C, 40min is kept at a temperature of this, it is air-cooled after coming out of the stove;
S7: the part after heat treatment is put into compressed air shotblasting machine shot-peening 25-30 minutes by bead, removes surface scale, is improved
Forging surface quality;
S8: roughing carries out turning or milling to the fitting surface of gland, stays 1~2mm allowance for finish;
S9: finishing carries out smart car finish-milling to the fitting surface of gland using fine turning lathe or machining center, stays the essence of 0.05-0.1
Grind surplus;
S10: surface fine grinding refines the fitting surface to gland using grinding machine, reaches design size.
2. a kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step S1
Embryo material material be 45# steel.
3. a kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S9
Bead is carried out using compressed air shotblasting machine.
4. a kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S2
Include:
S21: heating;Heating temperature is 1100 DEG C -1200 DEG C;
S22: heat preservation 1-1.2h.
5. a kind of processing method of high accurate speed reducer gland according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
S2, S3 use the forging press not less than 1000 tonnes to be processed.
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