CN113981176B - Quenching method for improving low-temperature impact toughness of long-time die welding of chromium-molybdenum steel plate - Google Patents
Quenching method for improving low-temperature impact toughness of long-time die welding of chromium-molybdenum steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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Abstract
A quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of long-time die welding of chromium-molybdenum steel plates belongs to the technical field of metallurgy. Comprises the working procedures of annealing, quenching and cooling; the annealing process comprises the steps of loading a single steel plate into a furnace, heating the single steel plate to 900-950 ℃, preserving heat, cooling the single steel plate to 680-710 ℃ along with the furnace, and discharging the single steel plate from the furnace for air cooling to room temperature; the quenching procedure is to re-charge the steel plate, heat the steel plate to 910+/-15 ℃ and discharge the steel plate after heat preservation; and in the cooling procedure, water cooling is carried out in the single quenching tank, and the whole process starts the air stirring and mechanical stirring to accelerate cooling. The single value of impact energy at minus 30 ℃ after 28 hours of die welding is maintained above 90J, and the performance qualification rate is above 92.5%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and relates to a quenching method of a chromium-molybdenum steel plate, in particular to a quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of long-time die welding of the chromium-molybdenum steel plate.
Background
At present, chromium-molybdenum steel sheets simply ordered according to the GB713 standard have been remarkably reduced, and instead, have tensile and low-temperature impact properties required for both delivery (normalizing and tempering) and long-term die welding. On the basis, the long-term die-bonding (maximum die-bonding) system is becoming stricter, for example, the die-bonding temperature is 690 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 24-28h, the charging temperature is 200-350 ℃, the lifting temperature rate is 50-55 ℃/h, and the low-temperature impact performance of-18 ℃ and below after the long-term die-bonding system is required to be checked. In order to ensure the qualified performance of the steel plate, the conventional heat treatment method cannot meet the technical requirements. At present, part of steel factories develop a novel heat treatment method of primary high-temperature quenching and secondary sub-temperature quenching, the performance qualification rate is greatly improved, and the heat treatment cost of the steel plate is also greatly improved. Compared with the traditional one-time quenching process, the heat treatment cost of the double quenching process is increased by 400 yuan per ton of steel, and a large cost pressure is brought to a steel mill.
Therefore, it is important to develop a heat treatment process that ensures excellent low-temperature impact toughness of the steel sheet after long-term die welding on the basis of low-cost production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of long-time die welding of a chromium-molybdenum steel plate. The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of long-time die welding of a chromium-molybdenum steel plate comprises the steps of annealing, quenching and cooling;
the annealing process comprises the steps of loading a single steel plate into a furnace, heating the single steel plate to 900-950 ℃, preserving heat, cooling the single steel plate to 680-710 ℃ along with the furnace, and discharging the single steel plate from the furnace for air cooling to room temperature;
the quenching procedure is to re-charge the steel plate, heat the steel plate to 910+/-15 ℃ and discharge the steel plate after heat preservation;
and the cooling procedure is to perform water cooling in a single quenching tank, and the whole quenching process starts the blowing stirring and the mechanical stirring to accelerate the cooling.
The annealing process is carried out by preserving heat for 100-200 min at 900-950 ℃ and preserving heat for 150-300 min at 680-710 ℃.
And the quenching process is carried out at the temperature of 910+/-15 ℃ for 220-480 min.
The cooling procedure is carried out at the water temperature of less than or equal to 30 ℃ and the quenching time of 60-90 min, and the cooling speed is 15-30 ℃/s.
After the steel plate is quenched by the quenching method, the single value of impact energy at minus 30 ℃ is more than or equal to 90J after tempering and long-time die welding, the long-time die welding system is that the die welding temperature is 690+/-14 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 28 hours, the charging and discharging temperature is 300 ℃, and the temperature rising and reducing speed is 55 ℃/h.
The steel plate is formed by adopting steel ingots, and the thickness of the steel plate is 14Cr1MoR with the thickness of 98-200 mm.
The steel plate performance detection method of the invention refers to standard GB713/T-2014.
Aiming at the chromium-molybdenum steel plate with the thickness of 98-200 mm, if a conventional one-time quenching method is adopted, the performance qualification rate of the steel plate is only about 50 percent; and by adopting a primary high-temperature quenching and secondary sub-temperature quenching method, the performance qualification rate is greatly improved (more than 90 percent), but the production efficiency and the production cost are seriously influenced. The invention adopts a single steel-loading and steel-burning heat treatment process of annealing and quenching, can maintain the single impact power value of the steel at minus 30 ℃ after long-time die welding to be more than 90J, and improves the performance qualification rate from more than 90 percent to more than 92.5 percent, thereby successfully solving the problems of poor low-temperature impact performance of the steel after long-time die welding, higher cost and the like caused by the poor low-temperature impact performance of the steel.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to produce lie in: 1. the steel plate adopts steel ingot lumber, and the thickness range and the technical requirement of the steel plate realize new breakthrough; 2. the invention obviously improves the low-temperature impact performance of the chromium-molybdenum steel plate after long-time die welding by reasonably controlling annealing, quenching and subsequent water cooling processes. The high-temperature annealing process can greatly eliminate massive grains caused by component fluctuation and rolling tissue inheritance, and an even and fine annealing tissue is obtained; the subsequent quenching process ensures that the steel plate obtains a single bainitic structure, and is matched with the corresponding tempering process to ensure that the steel plate obtains better toughness, and the performance after high-temperature long-time die welding is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram (500 times) of a 14Cr1MoR steel plate quenched by the method of the invention;
fig. 2 is a metallographic structure diagram (500 times) of a conventional 14Cr1MoR steel sheet after primary hot quenching and secondary cold quenching.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The steel plate of the embodiment 14Cr1MoR is a steel ingot product, the thickness is 98mm, and the quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of the long-time die welding comprises the steps of annealing, quenching and cooling. The steps of each procedure are as follows:
(1) Annealing: loading a steel plate monoblock into a furnace, heating the monoblock to 900 ℃ and preserving heat for 100min, cooling to 680 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 150min, discharging from the furnace, and air-cooling to room temperature;
(2) Quenching process: re-charging the steel plate, continuously heating to 895 ℃, preserving heat for 220min, and discharging;
(3) And (3) a cooling procedure: and (3) water-cooling the steel plate in a single quenching tank, wherein the water temperature is 28 ℃, the quenching time is 60min, the air blowing stirring and the mechanical stirring are started in the whole quenching process to accelerate the cooling, and the cooling speed is controlled to be 30 ℃/min.
After the above steps are completed, the steel plate is tempered and die-welded for a long time, and the impact performance and the performance qualification rate of the steel plate at minus 30 ℃ are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
The steel plate of the embodiment 14Cr1MoR is a steel ingot product, the thickness is 112mm, and the quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of the long-time die welding comprises the steps of annealing, quenching and cooling. The steps of each procedure are as follows:
(1) Annealing: loading a single steel plate, heating the single steel plate to 905 ℃ and preserving heat for 115min, cooling the single steel plate to 685 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 180min, discharging the single steel plate, and air cooling to room temperature;
(2) Quenching process: re-charging the steel plate, continuously heating to 900 ℃, preserving heat for 245min, and discharging;
(3) And (3) a cooling procedure: the steel plate is cooled in a single quenching tank with water at the temperature of 28.5 ℃ for 70min, and the whole quenching process starts air blowing stirring and mechanical stirring to accelerate cooling, and the cooling speed is controlled to be 27 ℃/min.
After the above steps are completed, the steel plate is tempered and die-welded for a long time, and the impact performance and the performance qualification rate of the steel plate at minus 30 ℃ are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
The steel plate of the embodiment 14Cr1MoR is a steel ingot product, has a thickness of 136mm, and comprises annealing, quenching and cooling procedures. The steps of each procedure are as follows:
(1) Annealing: loading a steel plate monoblock, heating the monoblock to 910 ℃ and preserving heat for 140min, cooling to 690 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 210min, discharging from the furnace, and air-cooling to room temperature;
(2) Quenching process: re-charging the steel plate, continuously heating to 910 ℃, preserving heat for 280min, and discharging;
(3) And (3) a cooling procedure: and (3) water-cooling the steel plate in a single quenching tank, wherein the water temperature is 28 ℃, the quenching time is 75min, the air blowing stirring and the mechanical stirring are started in the whole quenching process to accelerate the cooling, and the cooling speed is controlled to be 25 ℃/min.
After the above steps are completed, the steel plate is tempered and die-welded for a long time, and the impact performance and the performance qualification rate of the steel plate at minus 30 ℃ are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
The steel plate of the embodiment 14Cr1MoR is a steel ingot product, has a thickness of 144mm, and comprises annealing, quenching and cooling procedures. The steps of each procedure are as follows:
(1) Annealing: loading a steel plate monoblock into a furnace, heating the monoblock to 915 ℃ and preserving heat for 150min, cooling to 695 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 300min, discharging from the furnace, and air-cooling to room temperature;
(2) Quenching process: re-charging the steel plate, continuously heating to 915 ℃, preserving heat for 300min, and discharging;
(3) And (3) a cooling procedure: the steel plate is cooled in a single quenching tank with water at the water temperature of 29 ℃ for 80min, the whole quenching process starts air blowing stirring and mechanical stirring to accelerate cooling, and the cooling speed is controlled to be 23 ℃/min.
After the above steps are completed, the steel plate is tempered and die-welded for a long time, and the impact performance and the performance qualification rate of the steel plate at minus 30 ℃ are shown in Table 1.
Example 5
The steel plate of the embodiment 14Cr1MoR is a steel ingot product, has a thickness of 151mm, and comprises annealing, quenching and cooling procedures. The steps of each procedure are as follows:
(1) Annealing: loading a steel plate monoblock into a furnace, heating the monoblock to 920 ℃, preserving heat for 160min, cooling to 700 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 235min, discharging from the furnace, and air-cooling to room temperature;
(2) Quenching process: re-charging the steel plate, continuously heating to 920 ℃, preserving heat for 330 minutes, and discharging;
(3) And (3) a cooling procedure: the steel plate is cooled in a single quenching tank with water at the temperature of 29.5 ℃ for 85min, and the whole quenching process starts air blowing stirring and mechanical stirring to accelerate cooling, and the cooling speed is controlled to be 20 ℃/min.
After the above steps are completed, the steel plate is tempered and die-welded for a long time, and the impact performance and the performance qualification rate of the steel plate at minus 30 ℃ are shown in Table 1.
Example 6
The 14Cr1MoR steel plate of the embodiment is a steel ingot product, has a thickness of 177mm, and comprises annealing, quenching and cooling procedures. The steps of each procedure are as follows:
(1) Annealing: loading the steel plate single block into a furnace, heating the single block to 930 ℃, preserving heat for 175min, cooling to 700 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 248min, discharging from the furnace, and air cooling to room temperature;
(2) Quenching process: the steel plate is charged again, and is continuously heated to 923 ℃ and kept for 380 minutes and then discharged;
(3) And (3) a cooling procedure: the steel plate is cooled in a single quenching tank with water at the water temperature of 29 ℃ for 87min, the whole quenching process starts air blowing stirring and mechanical stirring to accelerate cooling, and the cooling speed is controlled to be 18 ℃/min.
After the above steps are completed, the steel plate is tempered and die-welded for a long time, and the impact performance and the performance qualification rate of the steel plate at minus 30 ℃ are shown in Table 1.
Example 7
The steel plate of the embodiment 14Cr1MoR is a steel ingot product, the thickness is 200mm, and the quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of the long-time die welding comprises the steps of annealing, quenching and cooling. The steps of each procedure are as follows:
(1) Annealing: loading a steel plate monoblock into a furnace, heating the monoblock to 950 ℃ and preserving heat for 200min, cooling to 710 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 300min, discharging from the furnace, and air-cooling to room temperature;
(2) Quenching process: re-charging the steel plate, continuously heating to 925 ℃ and preserving heat for 480 minutes, and discharging;
(3) And (3) a cooling procedure: the steel plate is cooled in a single quenching tank with water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 90min, and the whole quenching process starts air blowing stirring and mechanical stirring to accelerate cooling, and the cooling speed is controlled to be 16 ℃/min.
After the above steps are completed, the steel plate is tempered and die-welded for a long time, and the impact performance and the performance qualification rate of the steel plate at minus 30 ℃ are shown in Table 1.
Example 8
The steel plate of the embodiment 14Cr1MoR is a steel ingot product, has a thickness of 189mm, and comprises annealing, quenching and cooling procedures. The steps of each procedure are as follows:
(1) Annealing: loading a steel plate monoblock into a furnace, heating the monoblock to 940 ℃, preserving heat for 190min, cooling to 705 ℃ along with the furnace, preserving heat for 275min, discharging from the furnace, and air cooling to room temperature;
(2) Quenching process: the steel plate is charged again, and is continuously heated to 924 ℃ and kept for 450min and then discharged;
(3) And (3) a cooling procedure: the steel plate is cooled in a single quenching tank with water at the temperature of 29.7 ℃ for 88min, and the whole quenching process starts air blowing stirring and mechanical stirring to accelerate cooling, and the cooling speed is controlled to be 15 ℃/min.
After the above steps are completed, the steel plate is tempered and die-welded for a long time, and the impact performance and the performance qualification rate of the steel plate at minus 30 ℃ are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 impact Property and Performance pass percent of the Steel sheets of examples 1-8 at-30 ℃ after long-term die welding
TABLE 2 comparison of the low temperature toughness of the steel sheet after long-term die welding (1/2 of the sheet thickness) by the method of the present invention with the conventional method
As shown in Table 1, the impact energy at minus 30 ℃ obtained by the quenching method is obviously superior to the conventional primary high-temperature quenching and secondary sub-temperature quenching methods in terms of single value, average value and performance qualification rate. Meanwhile, as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the metallographic structure of the steel plate quenched by the method of the invention is quenched bainite, and the metallographic structure of the steel plate quenched by the traditional double quenching (namely, primary high-temperature quenching and secondary sub-temperature quenching) method is bainite, but large block crystal grains caused by component fluctuation and rolling structure inheritance exist, and the crystal grains obviously deteriorate the low-temperature impact performance of the chromium-molybdenum steel. Therefore, the quenching method has the beneficial effects that the quenching method is superior to the traditional primary high-temperature quenching and secondary sub-temperature quenching.
Claims (4)
1. A quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of long-time die welding of a chromium-molybdenum steel plate is characterized by comprising the steps of annealing, quenching and cooling;
the annealing process comprises the steps of loading a single steel plate into a furnace, heating the single steel plate to 900-950 ℃ and preserving heat for 100-200 min, cooling the single steel plate to 680-710 ℃ along with the furnace and preserving heat for 150-300 min, and discharging the single steel plate from the furnace and air cooling the single steel plate to room temperature;
the quenching procedure is to re-charge the steel plate, heat the steel plate to 910+/-15 ℃ and discharge the steel plate after heat preservation;
the cooling procedure is to perform water cooling in a single quenching tank, and the whole quenching process starts the blowing stirring and the mechanical stirring to accelerate the cooling;
the chromium-molybdenum steel plate is 14Cr1MoR, steel ingot forming materials are adopted for the steel plate, and the thickness of the steel plate is 98-200 mm.
2. The quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of long-term die welding of chromium-molybdenum steel sheets according to claim 1, wherein the quenching process is carried out at a temperature of 910+/-15 ℃ for 220-480 min.
3. The quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of the long-term die welding of the chromium-molybdenum steel plate according to claim 2, wherein the cooling procedure is carried out at the water temperature of less than or equal to 30 ℃ for 60-90 min at the cooling speed of 15-30 ℃/s.
4. The quenching method for improving the low-temperature impact toughness of the long-term die welding of the chromium-molybdenum steel plate according to claim 3, wherein the single impact energy value of the chromium-molybdenum steel plate after quenching, tempering and long-term die welding is more than or equal to 90J.
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| CN110923412A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-27 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | 14Cr1MoR (H) steel plate for ultra-large-thickness high-pressure low-temperature container and production method thereof |
| CN111793742A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-20 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for producing chrome-molybdenum steel plate by directly rolling steel ingot |
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| JP2680350B2 (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1997-11-19 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for producing Cr-Mo steel sheet having excellent toughness |
| KR100209450B1 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1999-07-15 | 윤영석 | High toughness cr-mo steel |
| CN107937831B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-09-10 | 兰州兰石集团有限公司 | Pressure vessel 12Cr2Mo1V steel alloy and its forging heat treatment process |
| CN111394546B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2022-04-05 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | Heat treatment method of extra-thick, extra-wide and extra-long chromium-molybdenum steel plate |
| CN111809025A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-10-23 | 无锡宏达重工股份有限公司 | Heat treatment process of 14Cr1Mo |
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| CN110923412A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-27 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | 14Cr1MoR (H) steel plate for ultra-large-thickness high-pressure low-temperature container and production method thereof |
| CN111793742A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-20 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for producing chrome-molybdenum steel plate by directly rolling steel ingot |
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