CN1079285A - 在去除有机废物成分的过程中销毁毒性物质的方法 - Google Patents

在去除有机废物成分的过程中销毁毒性物质的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1079285A
CN1079285A CN93104535A CN93104535A CN1079285A CN 1079285 A CN1079285 A CN 1079285A CN 93104535 A CN93104535 A CN 93104535A CN 93104535 A CN93104535 A CN 93104535A CN 1079285 A CN1079285 A CN 1079285A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
temperature
oxygen
toxicant
reactor
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN93104535A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1051837C (zh
Inventor
G·H·基斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thermoselect AG
Original Assignee
Thermoselect AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6456207&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN1079285(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from DE19924211513 external-priority patent/DE4211513C9/de
Application filed by Thermoselect AG filed Critical Thermoselect AG
Publication of CN1079285A publication Critical patent/CN1079285A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1051837C publication Critical patent/CN1051837C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/10—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation
    • A62D3/19—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation to plasma
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/38—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by oxidation; by combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A62D2101/22—Organic substances containing halogen

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Beans For Foods Or Fodder (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)

Abstract

本文描述了一种用高温反应器，通过使有机废物 组分热处理过程中产生的相对化学稳定分子结构发 生不可逆的物质分解以销毁毒性物质的方法。为此 用途，向反应器燃烧区中加入毒性物质——分子结构 与另加的提高火焰温度的易燃气体的混合物，所说毒 性物质为液体和/或气体形式，此外加的化学计算过 量的氧气。然后，在氧气燃烧器中热裂解出的反应气 体，在温度保持为至少1400℃的反应稳定化区域中， 保持至少5秒，再从此温度骤冷到至少100℃。

Description

本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1前序部分，通过不可逆物质分解以除去毒性物质的方法，以及实现该方法的设备，特别是用于该用途的特殊构造的燃烧器上部或顶部。
在公知的用于将含可热分解化学物质的废物转化成为终产物如CO2、CO、H2O等的方法中，将废物以这样一种方式暴露于热的等离子气体中，以使反应区中保持充足的氧气含量，而使分解产物可连续地转化成为上述终产物。废物通过被加热到至少2000℃的反应区，该反应区是由可渗透气体的槽或通道、反应器室的块状炉料-即至少部分地含碳的物质形成的炉料构成的。在公知的方法中，反应物在反应区内的停留时间仅为几毫秒，而炉料物质保持为反应器室残余炉料的时间周期为1-5秒。如果废物是气态的，则部分地或完全地与等离子气体混合，另一方面，废物为固态或液态时，则通过载气将废物带入反应器的反应区。在此公知的方法中，反应器室位于通常的炼焦炉的炉体内，其中，通过鼓风炉的喉部，以焦碳或类似的形式向炉体供应块状含碳物质。必须保证，在整个反应器室内，对于下部燃烧器的气体，有基本恒定的上升气流，以便能保证整个反应过程有均匀的热工况。通过进料与炉底间的压差将欲消毁的废物送入反应器室内，预热区内的温度为近1370℃。接着，废物通过被加热到至少2000℃的反应区，该等离子弧直射到含碳可渗透气体的反应器室炉料上。
在此公知方法中，由于滞留区和稳定区处理相同位置，而对于反应区和可渗透气体的块状填料来说，热力学工况较好，但对于要用于此用途的炼焦炉是不利的，该炼焦炉必须用焦炭、白云石、沥青煤或类似物操作。
尽管不可否认在供料室内以气体或液体形式存在的废物和/或其分解产物与等离子气体混合在一起，并伴随有强湍流，接着流出燃烧器喷嘴，但不能保证所有毒性物质都暴露在温度高达2000℃以上的等离子体中。
本发明的目的是提供一种去除热的毒性物质废物的方法，它基于该现有技术，对外加的碳载体没有任何额外要求，其中，在过量的氧气存在下，使存在的毒性物质以这样一种方式转化成为稳定的燃烧产物，以不损害环境，且可经济地实施。
根据本发明，此目的是通过在权利要求中给出的方法达到的。
由于在燃烧区之上的高温反应器内的稳定化区域是由经适宜热处理的废物的含碳残余成分和仅由后者-可渗透气体的块状或碎块状成分提供的，所以，在连续横向进入反应器的情况下，不需要任何含碳的外部能源如焦炭床。以标准的民用废物形式存在的有机组分是合适的，以保证在在相应的热予处理情况下有适当的含碳反应器炉料，其中，保证毒性物质停留的时间相对长，该毒性物质对防止新合成（neosytheses）的燃烧温度是无害的。这样就可以百分之百地去除大多数各种工业和民用废物中发现的全部毒性物质成分。由于控制燃烧的结果，这些毒性物或其它对环境不利的废物成分或分子结构分解成为无害的终产物，该方法的次序是不可逆的。含高度氯化和任意其它卤化分子成分的烃在高达2000℃以上的燃烧器温度中分解，并且分解产物经稳定化处理，使其在温度至少1400℃的稳定化区域内的停留时间至少5秒。无害的分解产物通过可渗透气体的块状反应器炉料离开高温反应器，接着经过足够的停留时间，然后使其从1400℃骤冷至优选低于100℃，以便在这里完全避免气体组分再DE-NOVO合成。
由热予处理来的以稳定分子结构形式存在的毒性物质与加热燃烧和升高火焰温度的易燃气体如乙炔混合，以便燃烧器火焰温度再升高。
燃烧器的上部或顶部为这样一种结构，以便得到的气态或液态毒性物质-气体混合物可以通过中心孔从中心引入燃烧器火焰内部，所述中心孔由一组氧气喷嘴围绕着。来自外部气体/氧气喷嘴环的燃烧器火焰迫使所有毒性物质在以无害的被分解了的分子结构形式进入稳定化区域之前，通过高温火焰区域，以确保高温分解的必须的不可逆性。

Claims (1)

  1. 通过高温炉体反应器，使在有机废物组分热处理过程中产生的相对化学稳定分子结构，发生不可逆的物质分解，以消毁毒性物质的方法，其中，至少部分碳组分在至少2000℃温度下，借助于通过下部反应器燃烧区的氧气燃烧器的氧气而被气化，生成的反应气流通过上部反应器炉体形成稳定化区域，毒性物质-分子结构与提高火焰温度的附加易燃气体以及经化学计算过量的氧气混合，而送入下部燃烧区，且其中在氧气燃烧器内分裂出来的反应气体，在至少1400℃的温度下的稳定化区域内停留至少5秒，接着，从1400℃骤冷到至少100℃。
CN93104535A 1992-04-06 1993-04-05 在去除有机废物成分的过程中消毁毒性物质的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1051837C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4211513.2 1992-04-06
DE19924211513 DE4211513C9 (de) 1992-04-06 Verfahren zur Giftstoffvernichtung, die bei der Beseitigung organischer Müllbestandteile anfallen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1079285A true CN1079285A (zh) 1993-12-08
CN1051837C CN1051837C (zh) 2000-04-26

Family

ID=6456207

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN93104535A Expired - Fee Related CN1051837C (zh) 1992-04-06 1993-04-05 在去除有机废物成分的过程中消毁毒性物质的方法

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US5434337A (zh)
EP (1) EP0564964B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2961030B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100220170B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1051837C (zh)
AT (1) ATE145833T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU661769B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2093388A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE59304641D1 (zh)
DK (1) DK0564964T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2095509T3 (zh)
TW (1) TW234165B (zh)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5770784A (en) * 1996-04-10 1998-06-23 Thermatrix, Inc. Systems for the treatment of commingled wastes and methods for treating commingled wastes
AU738446B2 (en) * 1997-12-22 2001-09-20 Dow Chemical Company, The Production of one or more useful products from lesser value halogenated materials
JP3558039B2 (ja) 1999-01-27 2004-08-25 住友金属工業株式会社 廃棄物のガス化溶融炉およびガス化溶融方法
US6211254B1 (en) 1999-06-07 2001-04-03 John P. Whitney Process for recycling heterogeneous waste
JP2005262099A (ja) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-29 Nippon Steel Corp 有機汚染廃棄物の無害化処理方法及び処理装置
JP4935582B2 (ja) * 2007-08-27 2012-05-23 Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 廃棄物の処理方法
JP4941671B2 (ja) * 2008-02-20 2012-05-30 Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 廃棄物の処理方法
EP2620426B2 (de) † 2012-01-27 2018-02-21 Thermoselect AG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Harnstoff aus Abfällen, vorzugsweise Hausmüll, beliebiger Zusammensetzung

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7400717A (zh) * 1973-01-23 1974-07-25
US4018879A (en) * 1973-05-04 1977-04-19 Shell Oil Company Combustion of halogenated hydrocarbon
HU184389B (en) * 1981-02-27 1984-08-28 Villamos Ipari Kutato Intezet Method and apparatus for destroying wastes by using of plasmatechnic
IL66144A (en) * 1982-01-18 1985-06-30 Skf Steel Eng Ab Method and plant for conversion of waste material to stable final products
US4695448A (en) * 1985-09-26 1987-09-22 Grand Junction Reality Co., Inc. Reduction and disposal of toxic waste
US4715965A (en) * 1986-05-19 1987-12-29 Sigerson Adam L Method for separating and recovering volatilizable contaminants from soil
DE3900268A1 (de) * 1988-01-23 1989-08-03 Herbert Greeb Kontinuierliches verfahren und einrichtung zum zerstoeren von dioxinen und furanen in damit belasteten materialien
US5061463A (en) * 1989-08-24 1991-10-29 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Coincinerator apparatus and method for processing waste gases
GB9017146D0 (en) * 1990-08-03 1990-09-19 Tioxide Group Services Ltd Destruction process
US5179903A (en) * 1991-06-24 1993-01-19 Abboud Harry I Closed loop incineration process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5434337A (en) 1995-07-18
EP0564964B1 (de) 1996-12-04
TW234165B (zh) 1994-11-11
KR100220170B1 (ko) 1999-09-01
KR930021254A (ko) 1993-11-22
AU661769B2 (en) 1995-08-03
CN1051837C (zh) 2000-04-26
JP2961030B2 (ja) 1999-10-12
DE4211513C1 (zh) 1993-07-01
DE59304641D1 (de) 1997-01-16
EP0564964A1 (de) 1993-10-13
ES2095509T3 (es) 1997-02-16
AU3670793A (en) 1993-10-14
DK0564964T3 (da) 1996-12-23
JPH0626626A (ja) 1994-02-04
CA2093388A1 (en) 1993-10-07
ATE145833T1 (de) 1996-12-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4073871A (en) Joint combustion of off-gases and liquid residues containing chlorinated hydrocarbons with hydrochloric acid recovery
US4508040A (en) Method and plant for conversion of waste material to stable final products
KR950007381B1 (ko) NO_x가 낮게 발생되는 고효율의 연소공정
US5372497A (en) Process and apparatus for igniting a burner in an inert atmosphere
FR2401978A1 (fr) Procede et appareil pour le traitement pyrolytique d'un produit carbonisable solide broye
CS28492A3 (en) Process for burning granulated coal in a circulating fluidized bed
US4259081A (en) Process of calcining limestone in a rotary kiln
CN1051837C (zh) 在去除有机废物成分的过程中消毁毒性物质的方法
US2074061A (en) Production of sulphur dioxide
US5038690A (en) Waste combustion system
FI70998C (fi) Saett och anlaeggning foer omvandling av avfallsmaterial till stabila slutprodukter
JP2002539415A (ja) 回転炉床炉内の供給材料を還元する方法及び装置
EP0747492A1 (en) Method for melting ferrous metals by means of an electric arc furnace charged with ferrous materials containing energy-releasing substances
US5074890A (en) Process for the thermal decomposition of toxic refractory organic substances
US1101790A (en) Process of burning liquid fuels.
JP2000283427A (ja) 反応型ごみ焼却炉及びそれを用いたごみ焼却方法
US816314A (en) Process for making and burning fuel-gas.
US570382A (en) Apparatus for manufacturing fuel-gas
RU2099287C1 (ru) Способ получения дисперсного диоксида титана
US1241834A (en) Process of producing aluminum nitrid.
RU2175666C1 (ru) Установка для производства древесного угля
US790113A (en) Process of obtaining producer-gas.
US326161A (en) selwyn
RU2105032C1 (ru) Установка для производства древесного угля
US1221627A (en) Process of generating heat.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C19 Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee