CN107926236B - Asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism - Google Patents
Asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN107926236B CN107926236B CN201711335460.XA CN201711335460A CN107926236B CN 107926236 B CN107926236 B CN 107926236B CN 201711335460 A CN201711335460 A CN 201711335460A CN 107926236 B CN107926236 B CN 107926236B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
- A01C11/025—Transplanting machines using seedling trays; Devices for removing the seedlings from the trays
Abstract
A high-speed asynchronous parallel double-row rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism comprises a left frame and a right frame which are arranged on two sides of a power driver, wherein a left planter, a furrow opener for opening a planting groove on a compartment surface, a left soil holding device and a seedling guide device for guiding rape pot seedlings are arranged in the left frame, a right planter, a furrow opener for opening a planting groove on the compartment surface, a right soil holding device and a seedling guide device for guiding rape pot seedlings are arranged in the right frame, the installation angles of the left planter and the right planter are different by 180 degrees and are staggered by half of a plant spacing, the installation angles of the left soil holding device and the right soil holding device are different by 180 degrees, the high-speed asynchronous parallel double-row transplanting is realized, the requirements of existing planting habits and agricultural techniques are met, the uniform row spacing is convenient for lighting and ventilation, and the yield and the quality of crops are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting machinery, in particular to an asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism.
Background
At present, the main part of rape planting is sowing and planting, but the production cycle of the field for sowing and planting the rape is long, sowing in the middle of 9 months is usually needed, and harvesting in the middle of 5 months of the next year is needed. The double-cropping rice is widely planted in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, the harvesting period of late rice is at the beginning and middle of 10 months, and the planting and transplanting period of early rice is at the beginning and middle of 5 months, so that the sowing and planting method is difficult to be suitable for a rice-oil planting mode; by adopting the method for transplanting the pot seedlings of the rapes, the rapes can be transplanted after the late rice is harvested so as to improve the growth contact ratio of the two crops and realize multi-season rotation.
The planting density of the rapes is usually more than 13 ten thousand plants per hectare, the density is high, the row and the plant spacing are small, the traditional rape transplanting is vertical planting by punching holes on soil, however, the soil humidity and the viscosity of the paddy field in the south are high, so that the advancing resistance of a transplanting machine is increased, and the power of the transplanting machine is seriously lost; meanwhile, in order to increase the horsepower of the transplanting machine, the weight of the whole machine is increased to a certain extent, the planting speed is not favorably improved, and the detection and automation of an electric control system of the transplanting machine are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism to overcome the defects in the background technology.
The technical problem solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism comprises a left frame and a right frame which are arranged on two sides of a power driver, wherein a left planter, a furrow opener used for opening a planting groove on a compartment surface, a left soil holding device and a seedling guide device used for conducting rape pot seedlings are arranged in the left frame; the concrete structure of each part is as follows:
the frame comprises a framework, a push rod support, a swing rod support, a row spacing adjusting bolt and a plant spacing adjusting bolt, wherein the push rod support is arranged on the framework and used for being connected with a push rod, the swing rod support is used for being connected with a swing rod, the row spacing adjusting bolt is used for adjusting the distance between the left frame and the right frame, and the plant spacing adjusting bolt is used for adjusting the plant spacing;
the power driver comprises a left planting worm and gear box, a right planting worm and gear box, a left soil holding worm and gear box and a right soil holding worm and gear box, wherein the internal structures of the left planting worm and gear box, the right planting worm and gear box, the left soil holding worm and gear box and the right soil holding worm and gear box are the same, the left planting worm and gear box comprises a box body and a worm which is arranged in the box body and meshed with a worm wheel, a motor is connected with the worm arranged in the left planting worm and gear box through a spline, the worm arranged in the left planting worm and gear box is respectively connected with the worm arranged in the right planting worm and gear box, the worm arranged in the left soil holding worm and gear box and the worm arranged in the right soil holding worm and gear box through splines, the worm in the left planting worm and gear box is sleeved on one end of a right planting output shaft for driving the left planter to move, the other end of the right planting output shaft is sleeved with a planting row spacing adjuster, the planting row spacing adjuster comprises an adjusting assembly and a right soil holding worm and gear adjusting assembly for adjusting the row spacing in the left soil holding worm and gear box, and the right worm and worm gear box are sleeved on the other end of the right soil holding worm and the output shaft for adjusting the soil-holding worm for adjusting the row spacing adjuster; at the same time, spline locking nuts for adjusting the plant spacing are respectively arranged at the outer ends of the worms of the right planting worm gear box, the left soil holding worm gear box and the right soil holding worm gear box, and the spline locking nuts are used for fixing and adjusting the positions of the right planting worm gear box, the left soil holding worm gear box and the right soil holding worm gear box, so that the plant spacing adjustment is realized;
in the left planter, one end of a crank is connected with a left planting output shaft, the other end of the crank is connected with one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with one end of a rocker, the other end of the rocker is welded on a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected to a left rack through a push rod support, and the other end of the push rod is connected with a seedling pushing assembly; one end of the swing rod is connected to the left frame through a swing rod support, and the other end of the swing rod is connected with the seedling pushing assembly;
in the right planter, one end of a crank is connected with a right planting telescopic shaft, the other end of the crank is connected with one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with one end of a rocker, the other end of the rocker is welded on a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected on a right rack through a push rod support, and the other end of the push rod is connected with a seedling pushing assembly; one end of the swing rod is connected to the right rack through a swing rod support, and the other end of the swing rod is connected with the seedling pushing assembly;
in the seedling pushing assembly, a support is arranged at the upper part of a seedling pushing plate frame, a guide groove for the seedling pushing plate to move up and down is arranged below the support, the seedling pushing plate can slide up and down in the guide groove, a seedling pushing plate return spring and a wire pulling seat are arranged on the seedling pushing plate, a pull wire is arranged on the wire pulling seat, and a scraper blade is arranged outside the seedling pushing plate;
the electric soil removing component consists of an electric push rod and a stay wire fixing seat which are arranged on the rack, and the electric push rod is connected with the stay wire through the stay wire fixing seat;
the difference between the installation angles of the crank of the left planter and the crank of the right planter is 180 degrees;
the furrow opener comprises a furrow plough and a furrow protection plate, the furrow protection plate is arranged on the frame, and the furrow plough is arranged at the front end of the furrow protection plate;
the left soil holding device comprises two soil holding mechanisms, wherein in the soil holding mechanisms, a soil holding plate opening cam for controlling the swinging of a soil holding plate control rod is arranged on a left soil holding output shaft, the soil holding plate opening cam controls the swinging of the soil holding plate control rod when rotating along with the soil holding output shaft so as to realize the soil holding effect, one end of a soil holding plate shaft is welded on the soil holding plate, the other end of the soil holding plate shaft is connected with the soil holding plate control rod, a torsion spring is arranged on a rotary sleeve connecting plate and the soil holding plate, the torsion spring and the soil holding plate shaft are coaxially arranged, and a rotary sleeve is arranged on a rack through the rotary sleeve connecting plate; the bulldozing plate is arranged on the left frame through a bulldozing plate connecting plate;
the right soil holding device comprises two soil holding mechanisms, wherein in the soil holding mechanisms, a soil holding plate opening cam for controlling the swinging of a soil holding plate control rod is arranged on a right soil holding telescopic shaft, the soil holding plate opening cam controls the swinging of the soil holding plate control rod when rotating along with a soil holding output shaft so as to realize the soil holding effect, one end of the soil holding plate shaft is welded on the soil holding plate, the other end of the soil holding plate shaft is connected with the soil holding plate control rod, a torsion spring is arranged on a rotating sleeve connecting plate and the soil holding plate, the torsion spring and the soil holding plate shaft are coaxially arranged, and a rotating sleeve is arranged on the rack through the rotating sleeve connecting plate; the bulldozing plate is arranged on the right frame through a bulldozing plate connecting plate;
the installation angle of the soil holding plate opening cam of the left soil holding device is 180 degrees different from that of the right soil holding device;
in the seedling guide device, the side guide plates and the rear guide plate are arranged on the frame, and the rape pot seedlings fall between the furrow protection plate and the seedling pushing mechanism from the seedling guide device.
In the invention, a planting worm gear and worm box support used for installing a planting worm gear and worm box and a soil-holding worm gear and worm box support used for installing a soil-holding worm gear and worm box are arranged on the framework.
In the invention, the worms in the right planting worm gear box, the left soil holding worm gear box and the right soil holding worm gear box are through holes with internal splines, the worm of the right planting worm gear box can slide on the worm of the left planting worm gear box through the splines, the worm of the left soil holding worm gear box can slide on the worm of the right planting worm gear box through the splines, and the worm of the right soil holding worm gear box can slide on the worm of the left soil holding worm gear box through the splines.
In the invention, the splines at the outer ends of the right planting telescopic shaft and the right soil holding telescopic shaft are provided with threads.
In the invention, the side surface of the seedling pushing plate is of an inverted trapezoidal structure, which is beneficial to improving the uprightness of the seedlings of the rape pot after falling.
In the invention, the scraper is an arc scraper, so that the scraped soil block is pushed downwards along an arc to prevent the scraper from generating soil accumulation.
In the present invention, a flexible pad is mounted on the upper side of the blade.
In the invention, the soil holding mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the seedling pushing plate in a splayed structure.
In the left soil holding device, the soil holding plate opening cam is arranged on a left soil holding output shaft through a cam fastening pin; in the right soil holding device, the soil holding plate opening cam is arranged on the right soil holding telescopic shaft through a cam fastening pin.
In the invention, the rotary sleeve is arranged on the frame through the rotary sleeve connecting plate.
In the invention, a brush for preventing the rape pot seedlings from toppling is arranged below the rear guide plate.
In the invention, the adjusting component comprises a locking screw and a rotating adjusting nut, when the planting row spacing is adjusted, the locking screw is loosened, the adjusting nut is rotated, the right planting telescopic shaft slides along the right planting output shaft under the rotation adjusting effect of the adjusting nut to adjust the row spacing of the planter, and after the adjusting nut is adjusted to a preset position, the locking screw is tightened; when the line spacing of the soil holding device is adjusted, the locking screw is loosened, the adjusting nut is rotated, the right soil holding telescopic shaft slides along the right soil holding output shaft under the rotation adjusting action of the adjusting nut to adjust the line spacing of the soil holding device, and the locking screw is screwed after the line spacing of the soil holding device is adjusted to a preset position.
Has the advantages that:
1) According to the invention, horizontal and longitudinal reciprocating transplanting is adopted in the groove, so that the transplanting speed and the planting efficiency are effectively improved;
2) The seedling pushing plate rotates around a small angle of the seedling pushing plate when horizontally pushing seedlings, and is used for preventing backward seedling throwing during high-speed horizontal transplanting, so that the transplanting quality of the rape pot seedlings under the high-speed transplanting condition is improved;
3) The invention adopts the motor drive, the rotating speed is adjustable, so as to realize the function of adjusting the plant spacing in multiple steps, thereby being suitable for the requirements of different planting densities; meanwhile, the motor is adopted for driving, so that the mechanical structure is favorably reduced, and the weight of the whole machine is reduced;
4) According to the method, horizontal and longitudinal transplanting is matched with soil holding plates to cover soil, so that the effect of simulating manual transplanting and soil holding is achieved, and the transplanting quality of seedlings is improved;
5) The single motor is adopted to drive the two sets of the planter with 180-degree phase difference of the mounting angles, so that the inertia force of the movement of the planter rod pieces can be effectively counteracted, the vibration is reduced, and the planting speed is improved; the two sets of planters have 180-degree phase difference, and the left planter and the right planter are arranged in a staggered manner by half of the planting distance, so that asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed transplanting is realized, the requirements of the existing planting habits and agricultural techniques are met, the uniform row planting distance is convenient for lighting and ventilation, and the yield and the quality of crops are improved;
6) The row spacing and the plant spacing can be adjusted, parallel planting is realized under the asynchronous high-speed planting condition, and the agricultural planting requirement is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the initial planting position in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the end of plant position in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at D-D in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a carriage surface planting in a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the installation of the seedling pushing assembly and the electric soil removing assembly in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the seedling pushing plate according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the power transmission path of the whole machine in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 12 is a phase diagram of the crank motion of the left and right planters in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the planting effect of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below by combining the specific drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-13, an asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape bowl seedling transplanting mechanism comprises a left frame 1a, a right frame 1b, a power driver 2, a left planter 3a, a right planter 3b, a furrow opener 4, a left soil holding device 5a, a right soil holding device 5b, a seedling guide device 6, a rape bowl seedling 7, a left carriage surface 8a and a right carriage surface 8b, wherein the left frame 1a and the right frame 1b are arranged on two sides of the power driver 2, the left frame 1a is internally provided with the left planter 3a, the furrow opener 4 for opening a planting groove on the carriage surface 8a, the left soil holding device 5a and the seedling guide device 6 for conducting the rape bowl seedling 7, the right frame 1b is internally provided with the right planter 3b, the furrow opener 4 for opening a planting groove on the carriage surface 8b, the right soil holding device 5b and the seedling guide device 6 for conducting the rape bowl seedling 7, the left planter 3a, the right planter 3b, the left soil holding device 5a and the right soil holding device 5b are respectively connected with the power driver 2, and the following specific structure:
the left rack 1a consists of an earth-holding worm gear box support 11, a swing rod support 12, a framework 13, a planting worm gear box support 14, a row spacing adjusting bolt 15, a push rod support 16 and a plant spacing adjusting bolt 17, wherein the framework 13 is provided with the push rod support 16 for connecting a push rod 32, the swing rod support 12 for connecting a swing rod 34, the planting worm gear box support 14 for installing a planting worm gear box 22, the earth-holding worm gear box support 11 for installing an earth-holding worm gear box 25, the row spacing adjusting bolt 15 for adjusting the distance between the left rack 1a and the right rack 1b and the plant spacing adjusting bolt 17 for adjusting the plant spacing;
the power driver 2 consists of a motor 21, a left planting worm gear box 22a, a right planting worm gear box 22b, a left planting output shaft 23a, a right planting output shaft 23b, a left soil holding worm gear box 24a, a right soil holding worm gear box 24b, a left soil holding output shaft 25a, a right soil holding output shaft 25b, a spline locking nut 26 and a locking bolt 27, wherein the left planting worm gear box 22a and the left soil holding worm gear box 24a have the same structure, and the left planting worm gear box 22a comprises a box body 221, a worm 222, a clamping ring 223, a worm wheel 224, an angular contact bearing 225, a lip-shaped sealing ring 226, a sealing ring 227, a deep groove ball bearing 228 and a sleeve 229; the right planting worm gear box 22b comprises a box body 221, a worm 222, a snap ring 223, a worm wheel 224, an angular contact bearing 225, a lip-shaped sealing ring 226, a sealing ring 227, a deep groove ball bearing 228, a sleeve 229 and a planting row spacing adjuster 28a; the right earth-holding worm gear and worm box 24b comprises a box body 221, a worm 222, a snap ring 223, a worm wheel 224, an angular contact bearing 225, a lip-shaped sealing ring 226, a sealing ring 227, a deep groove ball bearing 228, a sleeve 229 and an earth-holding row spacing regulator 28b; the planting row spacing adjuster 28a comprises a locking screw 281, an adjusting nut 282 and a right planting telescopic shaft 283, and the soil holding row spacing adjuster 28b comprises a locking screw 281, an adjusting nut 282 and a right soil holding telescopic shaft 284; the spline at the outer end of the right planting telescopic shaft 283 is sleeved on the right planting output shaft 23b and is fixed with the adjusting nut 282 through a locking screw 281; the spline at the outer end of the right soil holding telescopic shaft 284 is sleeved on the right soil holding output shaft 25b and is fixed with the adjusting nut 282 through a locking screw 281; the motor 21 is connected with a worm 222 on the left planting worm gear box 22a through a spline and drives the worm 222 to rotate, one part of the worm 222 drives a worm wheel 224 meshed with the worm 222 to rotate, the worm wheel 224 drives the left planting output shaft 23a to rotate, the left planting output shaft 23a drives the left planter 3a to move, the other part of the power drives a worm 222 on the right planting worm gear box 22b, a worm 222 on the left soil holding worm gear box 24a and a worm 222 on the right soil holding worm gear box 24b through an external spline on the worm 222, the worm 222 on the right planting worm gear box 22b drives a worm wheel 224 meshed with the worm to rotate, the worm wheel 224 drives the right planting output shaft 23b to rotate, the right planting output shaft 23b drives a right planting telescopic shaft 283 to rotate, and the right planting telescopic shaft 283 drives the right planter 3b to move; the worm 222 on the left soil holding worm gear box 24a drives the worm gear 224 engaged with the worm gear to rotate, the worm gear 224 drives the left soil holding output shaft 25a, and the left soil holding output shaft 25a drives the left soil holding device 5a to move; the worm 222 on the right soil holding worm gear box 24b drives the worm gear 224 engaged with the worm gear to rotate, the worm gear 224 drives the right soil holding output shaft 25b, the right soil holding output shaft 25b drives the right soil holding telescopic shaft 284 to rotate, and the right soil holding telescopic shaft 284 drives the right soil holding device 5b to move; the left soil holding device 5a and the right soil holding device 5b are used for realizing the effect of simulating manual soil holding and transplanting (as shown in figure 8) and improving the transplanting quality;
the internal installation of the right planting worm gear box 22b, the left soil holding worm gear box 24a and the right soil holding worm gear box 24b is the same as the internal installation of the left planting worm gear box 22a, in the left planting worm gear box 22a, two ends of a worm 222 are respectively installed in a box body 221 through an angular contact bearing 225, a worm wheel 224 meshed with the worm 222 is sleeved on a left planting output shaft 23a, a snap ring 223 and a lip-shaped sealing ring 226 are arranged between the angular contact bearing 225 and the box body 221, one end of the left planting output shaft 23a is installed in the box body 221 through a deep groove ball bearing 228, the sealing ring 227 is arranged between the deep groove ball bearing 228 and the box body 221, and a sleeve 229 is installed on the left planting output shaft 23a and used for limiting the worm wheel 224;
the splines at the outer ends of the right planting telescopic shaft 283 and the right soil holding telescopic shaft 284 are provided with threads;
at the same time, spline locking nuts 26 are respectively arranged at the outer ends of the worms 222 in the right planting worm gear box 22b, the left soil holding worm gear box 24a and the right soil holding worm gear box 24b, and the spline locking nuts are used for fixing and adjusting the positions of the right planting worm gear box 22b, the left soil holding worm gear box 24a and the right soil holding worm gear box 24b, so that the plant spacing adjustment is realized; the worms 222 in the right planting worm gear box 22b, the left soil holding worm gear box 24a and the right soil holding worm gear box 24b are through holes with internal splines, the worm 222 of the right planting worm gear box 22b can slide on the worm 222 of the left planting worm gear box 22a through splines, the worm 222 of the left soil holding worm gear box 24a can slide on the worm 222 of the right planting worm gear box 22b through splines, and the worm 222 of the right soil holding worm gear box 24b can slide on the worm 222 of the left soil holding worm gear box 24a through splines;
the worm gear and worm transmission is adopted, and the self-locking characteristic of the worm gear and worm is utilized, so that only the worm is driven to rotate by the worm, and the worm is not driven by the worm gear, the characteristic of the driving mechanism is only related to the rotating speed of the worm, and the working stability of the transplanting mechanism is effectively improved;
the left planter 3a comprises a crank 31a, a push rod 32, a seedling pushing assembly 33, a swing rod 34, a rocker 35, a connecting rod 36 and an electric soil removing assembly 37, the seedling pushing assembly 33 consists of a seedling pushing plate frame 331, a wire pulling seat 332, a seedling pushing plate return spring 333, a seedling pushing plate 334, a soil scraping shovel 335, a flexible pad 336, a guide groove 337, a support 338 and a wire pulling 339, one end of the crank 31a is connected with the left planting output shaft 23a, the other end of the crank is connected with one end of the connecting rod 36, the other end of the connecting rod 36 is connected with one end of the rocker 35, the other end of the rocker 35 is welded on the push rod 32, one end of the push rod 32 is connected on the left frame 1a through a push rod support 16, and the other end of the push rod 32 is connected on the seedling pushing plate frame 331 through the support 338; one end of a swing rod 34 is connected to the left rack 1a through a swing rod support 12, the other end of the swing rod 34 is connected to a seedling pushing plate frame 331 through a support 338, a crank 31a is driven by a planting output shaft 23 to rotate, the crank 31a, a connecting rod 36 and a rocker 35 form a crank rocker assembly M, a push rod 32, a seedling pushing assembly 33 and the swing rod 34 form a horizontal planting assembly, and as one end of the rocker 35 in the crank rocker assembly M is welded on the push rod 32, the fulcrum of the rocker 35 serves as a movable fulcrum, the swing of the push rod 32 is controlled; the push rod 32, the swing rod 34 and the seedling pushing assembly 33 form a second crank rocker assembly N, the push rod 32 in the second crank rocker assembly is equivalent to a crank, the swing rod 34 is equivalent to a rocker, the seedling pushing assembly 33 is equivalent to a connecting rod, the push rod 32 is driven by a rocker 35 of the first crank rocker assembly M to perform reciprocating swing, and therefore the seedling pushing plate frame 331 is enabled to perform reciprocating swing and rotate at a small angle;
the right planter 3b comprises a crank 31b, a push rod 32, a seedling pushing assembly 33, a swing rod 34, a swing rod 35, a connecting rod 36 and an electric soil removing assembly 37, the seedling pushing assembly 33 consists of a seedling pushing plate frame 331, a wire pulling seat 332, a seedling pushing plate return spring 333, a seedling pushing plate 334, a soil scraping shovel 335, a flexible pad 336, a guide groove 337, a support 338 and a wire pulling 339, one end of the crank 31b is connected with the right planting telescopic shaft 283, the other end of the crank is connected with one end of the connecting rod 36, the other end of the connecting rod 36 is connected with one end of the swing rod 35, the other end of the swing rod 35 is welded on the push rod 32, one end of the push rod 32 is connected on the right rack 1b through a push rod support 16, and the other end of the push rod 32 is connected on the seedling pushing plate frame 331 through the support 338; one end of a swing rod 34 is connected to the right rack 1b through a swing rod support 12, the other end of the swing rod 34 is connected to a seedling pushing plate frame 331 through a support 338, a crank 31b is driven by a right planting telescopic shaft 283 to rotate, the crank 31b, a connecting rod 36 and a rocker 35 form a crank rocker assembly M, a push rod 32, a seedling pushing assembly 33 and the swing rod 34 form a horizontal planting assembly, and as one end of the rocker 35 in the crank rocker assembly M is welded on the push rod 32, the fulcrum of the rocker 35 serves as a movable fulcrum, the push rod 32 is controlled to swing; the push rod 32, the swing rod 34 and the seedling pushing assembly 33 form a second crank rocker assembly N, the push rod 32 in the second crank rocker assembly is equivalent to a crank, the swing rod 34 is equivalent to a rocker, the seedling pushing assembly 33 is equivalent to a connecting rod, the push rod 32 is driven by a rocker 35 of the first crank rocker assembly M to perform reciprocating swing, and therefore the seedling pushing plate frame 331 is enabled to perform reciprocating swing and rotate at a small angle;
the seedling pushing component 33 consists of a seedling pushing plate frame 331, a wire pulling seat 332, a seedling pushing plate return spring 333, a seedling pushing plate 334, a scraper blade 335, a flexible pad 336, a guide groove 337, a support 338 and a wire pulling 339,
in the seedling pushing assembly 33, a support 338 is arranged at the upper part of a seedling pushing plate frame 331, a seedling pushing plate 334 is arranged at the lower part of the seedling pushing plate frame 331, the seedling pushing plate 334 can slide up and down in a guide groove 337, a seedling pushing plate return spring 333 and a pull wire seat 332 are arranged on the seedling pushing plate 334, a pull wire 339 is arranged on the pull wire seat 332, a scraper blade 335 is arranged at the outer side of the seedling pushing plate 334, and a flexible pad 336 is arranged at the upper side of the scraper blade;
the electric soil removing assembly 37 consists of an electric push rod 371 and a stay wire fixing seat 372 which are arranged on the left frame 1a, and the electric push rod 371 is connected with a stay wire 339 through the stay wire fixing seat 372;
when the seedling pushing plate 334 moves leftwards to contact with soil and realize seedling planting, soil is inevitably adhered to the seedling pushing plate 334, so that the soil is seriously accumulated in a long time, and the subsequent planting is influenced; seedling pushing plate 334 capable of reciprocating motion has a self-cleaning function, is not easy to generate soil accumulation, and has the working principle that:
the electric push rod 371 is electrified, the push rod extends, the pull wire 339 is stretched relative to the pull wire fixing seat 372, the seedling pushing plate 334 moves upwards along the guide groove 337 under the action of the pull wire 339, soil blocks on the seedling pushing plate 334 are scraped by the soil scraping blade 335, the soil scraping blade 335 is an arc blade, and the scraped soil blocks are pushed downwards along an arc line to prevent the soil scraping blade 335 from generating soil accumulation; when the electric push rod 371 is powered off, the push rod is shortened, the pull wire 339 retracts, and the seedling pushing plate 334 returns under the action of the seedling pushing plate return spring 333, so that the whole soil cleaning cycle is completed;
the furrow opener 4 comprises a furrow plough 41 and a furrow protecting plate 42, the furrow protecting plate 42 is arranged on the left frame 1a, and the furrow plough 41 is arranged at the front end of the furrow protecting plate 42;
the left soil-holding device 5a comprises two soil-holding mechanisms which are arranged on two sides of the seedling-pushing plate 334 in a splayed structure, each soil-holding mechanism comprises a soil-holding plate opening cam 51, a soil-holding plate control rod 52, a soil-holding plate shaft 53, a locking nut 54, a rotating sleeve connecting plate 55, a rotating sleeve 56, a soil-holding plate connecting plate 57, a soil-holding plate 58, a soil-holding plate 59, a torsion spring 510, a cam fastening pin 511 and a soil-holding trajectory 512, the soil-holding plate opening cam 51 is arranged on the left soil-holding output shaft 25a through the cam fastening pin 511, the soil-holding plate opening cam 51 controls the soil-holding plate control rod 52 to swing when rotating along with the left soil-holding output shaft 25a, the soil-holding effect is realized, one end of the soil-holding plate shaft 53 is welded on the soil-holding plate 59, the other end of the soil-holding plate shaft is connected with the soil-holding plate control rod 52 and is locked through the locking nut 54; the rotary sleeve 56 is arranged on the frame through a rotary sleeve connecting plate 55, the torsion spring 510 is arranged on the rotary sleeve connecting plate 55 and the soil holding plate 59 and is coaxially arranged with the soil holding plate shaft 53, and the soil holding plate 58 is arranged on the left frame 1a through a soil holding plate connecting plate 57;
the right soil-holding device 5b comprises two soil-holding mechanisms which are arranged on two sides of the seedling-pushing plate 334 in a splayed structure, each soil-holding mechanism comprises a soil-holding plate opening cam 51, a soil-holding plate control rod 52, a soil-holding plate shaft 53, a locking nut 54, a rotating sleeve connecting plate 55, a rotating sleeve 56, a soil-holding plate connecting plate 57, a soil-holding plate 58, a soil-holding plate 59, a torsion spring 510, a cam fastening pin 511 and a soil-holding trajectory 512, the soil-holding plate opening cam 51 is arranged on the right soil-holding telescopic shaft 284 through the cam fastening pin 511, the soil-holding plate opening cam 51 controls the soil-holding plate control rod 52 to swing when rotating along with the right soil-holding telescopic shaft 284, so that the soil-holding effect is realized, one end of the soil-holding plate shaft 53 is welded on the soil-holding plate 59, the other end of the soil-holding plate shaft is connected with the soil-holding plate control rod 52 and is locked by the locking nut 54; the rotary sleeve 56 is installed on the frame through the rotary sleeve connecting plate 55, the torsion spring 510 is installed on the rotary sleeve connecting plate 55 and the soil holding plate 59 and is installed coaxially with the soil holding plate shaft 53, and the soil holding plate 58 is installed on the right frame 1b through the soil holding plate connecting plate 57;
the left soil holding output shaft 25a drives the soil holding plate opening cam 51 to rotate, the right soil holding telescopic shaft 284 drives the soil holding plate opening cam 51 to rotate, the soil holding plate opening cam 51 rotates on the upper end face of the soil holding plate control rod 52, and the soil holding plate 59 is in a maximum closing state under the action of the torsion spring 510 as the soil holding plate control rod 52 is connected with the soil holding plate shaft 53 through a square spline, so that soil is favorably backfilled into the planting groove; when the rape pot seedlings 7 are transplanted in the planting groove longitudinally and close to the end position, the soil holding plate opening cam 51 rotates to the position contacted with the soil holding plate control rod 52, and under the action of the soil holding plate opening cam 51, the soil holding plate 59 rotates around the soil holding plate shaft 53, so that the rear end of the soil holding plate 59 is opened, the forward soil pushing amount of the soil holding plate 59 can be reduced, the transplanted rape pot seedlings 7 are prevented from being pushed down, and the transplanting verticality of the rape pot seedlings is improved; after the transplanting of the rape pot seedlings 7 is completed, the soil holding plates 59 gradually return under the control of the soil holding plate opening cams 51, and the soil on the two sides of the transplanted rape pot seedlings 7 is compacted from outside to inside, so that the transplanting effect of simulating manual soil holding is generated, and the transplanting quality is improved;
the soil holding plate 59 and the ditch protecting plate 42 have an overlapping offset distance l on the horizontal direction 2 When the seedling pushing plate 334 is in the rear limit position (as shown in fig. 8), a certain offset l is exceeded by the furrow protecting plate 42 to provide enough soil blocks for backfilling the planting furrows 1 The device is used for pushing the rape pot seedlings 7 into the soil backfilled into the planting grooves by the soil shifter 59 completely to complete the transplanting of the rape pot seedlings 7, and the seedling pushing plate 334 returns to the initial position under the action of the left planter 3 a; the distance between the center of the rotary sleeve 56 and the ditch protecting plate 42 is l 3 ，l 3 >l 1 (ii) a Because the horizontal planting method does not need to vertically punch towards the ground, the electric drive is easy to adopt, and meanwhile, because the planting resistance is small, the high-speed planting is easy to realize, and the working efficiency is high; the height of the soil holding plate 59 is as high as the planting depth, one part of soil accumulated in the W area of the compartment surface 8 in front of the soil holding plate 59 is pushed into the planting groove and contacts with the rape pot seedlings 7 in the planting area V to realize transplanting, and the other part of soil passes through the soil holding plate 59 and falls into the rear end of the soil holding plate 59 to form a backfill area U together with the return soil of the W area of the compartment surface 8, so that the flatness of the compartment surface 8 is improved; due to the movement of the soil-holding mechanism, the track line at the tail end of the soil-holding plate 59 translates towards two sides at the seedling planting center position to form a soil-holding track line 512;
the seedling guide device 6 is composed of a side guide plate 61, a rear guide plate 62 and a brush 63, the side guide plate 61 and the rear guide plate 62 are installed on the left rack 1a, the brush 63 is installed below the rear guide plate 62, rape pot seedlings 7 fall into a space between the ditch protection plate 42 of the furrow opener 4 and the seedling pushing assembly 33 from the seedling guide device 6, the seedling pushing plate 334 inclines forwards at the initial position, due to the control effect of the brush 63 on the leaves of the rape pot seedlings 7, the rape pot seedlings 7 fall into the rear and incline forwards by a certain angle, and the brush 63 is used for preventing the rape pot seedlings 7 from toppling backwards.
As shown in fig. 10, the seedling pushing plate 334 has the following movement and structure characteristics: when the seedling pushing plate 334 is at the initial position, the seedling pushing plate 334 forms a certain angle a with the y direction 1 The seedling pushing plate 334 inclines towards the front side to better bear the rape pot seedlings 7 so as to improve the uprightness of the rape pot seedlings 7 after falling (the rape pot seedlings 7 are small in pot body and wide in leaf and have an inverted pyramid structure) (ii) a When the seedling pushing plate 334 pushes the seedling end, the seedling pushing plate 334 forms a with the y direction 2 The seedling pushing plate 334 inclines backwards to prevent backward seedling throwing and soil throwing and improve planting quality; the side surface of the seedling pushing plate 334 is provided with a certain inclination a 3 The structure is inverted trapezoid, which is beneficial to improving the uprightness of the rape pot seedling 7 after falling.
When the complete machine is installed, the installation angle difference between the crank 31a of the left planter 3a and the crank 31b of the right planter 3b is 180 degrees, the installation angle difference between the soil holding plate opening cam 51 of the left soil holding device 5a and the installation angle difference between the soil holding plate opening cam 51 of the right soil holding device 5b are 180 degrees, as shown in fig. 6, as the two mechanisms have 180-degree phase difference, when the complete machine starts to work, the motion laws of the left planter 3a and the right planter 3b are opposite, as shown in fig. 12, so that the inertia force of the movement of the planter bar members can be effectively counteracted, the vibration is reduced, and the planting speed is improved; because the two sets of planters have a phase difference of 180 degrees, the planting positions of the two sets of planters are staggered by half a plant spacing, so that the transplanted seedlings have a double-row non-parallel phenomenon, therefore, the two sets of planters are arranged by staggering the position of half a plant spacing, as shown in figures 2 and 13, the two sets of planters deviate by a distance l 4 ，l 4 Equal to the plant spacing l 5 And 1/2, thereby realizing asynchronous parallel double-row transplanting and meeting the basic agricultural requirements of rape planting.
When the planting row spacing is adjusted, the locking screw 281 is loosened, the adjusting nut 282 is rotated, the right planting telescopic shaft 283 slides on the right planting output shaft 23b under the rotation adjusting effect of the adjusting nut 282 to adjust the row spacing of the planter, and after the row spacing is adjusted to a preset position, the locking screw 281 is screwed.
When the row spacing of the soil holding device is adjusted, the locking screw 281 is loosened, the adjusting nut 282 is rotated, the right soil holding telescopic shaft 284 slides along the right soil holding output shaft 25b under the rotation adjusting effect of the adjusting nut 282 to adjust the row spacing of the soil holding device, and after the row spacing of the soil holding device is adjusted to a preset position, the locking screw 281 is tightened.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism is characterized by comprising a left frame and a right frame which are arranged on two sides of a power driver, wherein a left planter, a furrow opener used for opening a planting groove on a compartment surface, a left soil holding device and a seedling guide device used for conducting rape pot seedlings are arranged in the left frame; the concrete structure of each part is as follows:
the frame comprises a framework, a push rod support, a swing rod support, a row spacing adjusting bolt and a plant spacing adjusting bolt, wherein the push rod support is arranged on the framework and used for being connected with a push rod, the swing rod support is used for being connected with a swing rod, the row spacing adjusting bolt is used for adjusting the distance between the left frame and the right frame, and the plant spacing adjusting bolt is used for adjusting the plant spacing;
the power driver comprises a left planting worm and gear box, a right planting worm and gear box, a left soil holding worm and gear box and a right soil holding worm and gear box, wherein the internal structures of the left planting worm and gear box, the right planting worm and gear box, the left soil holding worm and gear box and the right soil holding worm and gear box are the same, the left planting worm and gear box comprises a box body and a worm which is arranged in the box body and meshed with a worm wheel, a motor is connected with the worm arranged in the left planting worm and gear box through a spline, the worm arranged in the left planting worm and gear box is respectively connected with the worm arranged in the right planting worm and gear box, the worm arranged in the left soil holding worm and gear box and the worm arranged in the right soil holding worm and gear box through splines, the worm in the left planting worm and gear box is sleeved on one end of a right planting output shaft for driving the left planter to move, the other end of the right planting output shaft is sleeved with a planting row spacing adjuster, the planting row spacing adjuster comprises an adjusting assembly and a right soil holding worm and gear adjusting assembly for adjusting the row spacing in the left soil holding worm and gear box, and the right worm and worm gear box are sleeved on the other end of the right soil holding worm and the output shaft for adjusting the soil-holding worm for adjusting the row spacing adjuster; spline locking nuts for adjusting the planting distance are arranged at the outer ends of the worms of the right soil holding worm gear box, the left soil holding worm gear box and the right soil holding worm gear box respectively, and the spline locking nuts are used for fixing and adjusting the positions of the right soil holding worm gear box, the left soil holding worm gear box and the right soil holding worm gear box to realize the adjustment of the planting distance;
in the left planter, one end of a crank is connected with a left planting output shaft, the other end of the crank is connected with one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with one end of a rocker, the other end of the rocker is welded on a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected to a left rack through a push rod support, and the other end of the push rod is connected with a seedling pushing assembly; one end of the swing rod is connected to the left machine frame through a swing rod support, and the other end of the swing rod is connected with the seedling pushing assembly;
in the right planter, one end of a crank is connected with a right planting telescopic shaft, the other end of the crank is connected with one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with one end of a rocker, the other end of the rocker is welded on a push rod, one end of the push rod is connected on a right rack through a push rod support, and the other end of the push rod is connected with a seedling pushing assembly; one end of the swing rod is connected to the right rack through a swing rod support, and the other end of the swing rod is connected with the seedling pushing assembly;
in the seedling pushing assembly, a support is arranged at the upper part of a seedling pushing plate frame, a guide groove for the seedling pushing plate to move up and down is arranged below the support, the seedling pushing plate can slide up and down in the guide groove, a seedling pushing plate return spring and a wire pulling seat are arranged on the seedling pushing plate, a pull wire is arranged on the wire pulling seat, and a scraper blade is arranged outside the seedling pushing plate;
the electric soil removing component consists of an electric push rod and a stay wire fixing seat which are arranged on the rack, and the electric push rod is connected with the stay wire through the stay wire fixing seat;
the difference between the installation angles of the crank of the left planter and the crank of the right planter is 180 degrees;
the furrow opener comprises a furrow plough and a furrow protection plate, the furrow protection plate is arranged on the frame, and the furrow plough is arranged at the front end of the furrow protection plate;
the left soil holding device comprises two soil holding mechanisms, wherein in the soil holding mechanisms, a soil holding plate opening cam for controlling the swinging of a soil holding plate control rod is arranged on a left soil holding output shaft, the soil holding plate opening cam controls the swinging of the soil holding plate control rod when rotating along with the soil holding output shaft so as to realize the soil holding effect, one end of a soil holding plate shaft is welded on the soil holding plate, the other end of the soil holding plate shaft is connected with the soil holding plate control rod, a torsion spring is arranged on a rotary sleeve connecting plate and the soil holding plate, the torsion spring and the soil holding plate shaft are coaxially arranged, and a rotary sleeve is arranged on a rack through the rotary sleeve connecting plate; the bulldozing plate is arranged on the left frame through a bulldozing plate connecting plate;
the right soil holding device comprises two soil holding mechanisms, wherein in the soil holding mechanisms, a soil holding plate opening cam for controlling the swinging of a soil holding plate control rod is arranged on a right soil holding telescopic shaft, the soil holding plate opening cam controls the swinging of the soil holding plate control rod when rotating along with a soil holding output shaft so as to realize the soil holding effect, one end of the soil holding plate shaft is welded on the soil holding plate, the other end of the soil holding plate shaft is connected with the soil holding plate control rod, a torsion spring is arranged on a rotating sleeve connecting plate and the soil holding plate, the torsion spring and the soil holding plate shaft are coaxially arranged, and a rotating sleeve is arranged on the rack through the rotating sleeve connecting plate; the bulldozing plate is arranged on the right frame through a bulldozing plate connecting plate;
the installation angle of the soil holding plate opening cam of the left soil holding device is 180 degrees different from that of the right soil holding device;
in the seedling guide device, the side guide plate and the rear guide plate are arranged on the frame, and the rape pot seedlings fall between the furrow protection plate and the seedling pushing mechanism from the seedling guide device.
2. The asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the framework is provided with a planting worm gear and worm box support for mounting a planting worm gear and worm box and a soil-holding worm gear and worm box support for mounting a soil-holding worm gear and worm box.
3. The asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the splines at the outer ends of the right planting telescopic shaft and the right soil holding telescopic shaft are provided with threads.
4. The asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the worms in the right planting worm gear box, the left soil-holding worm gear box and the right soil-holding worm gear box are internal spline through holes.
5. The asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism as recited in claim 1, wherein the upper side of the scraper is provided with a flexible pad.
6. The asynchronous parallel double row high speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism of claim 1, wherein the scraper is an arc scraper.
7. The asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism as recited in claim 1, wherein the soil-holding mechanism is arranged on both sides of the seedling-pushing plate in a splayed configuration.
8. The asynchronous parallel double row high speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism as recited in claim 1, wherein in the left soil holding device, the soil holding plate opening cam is mounted on the left soil holding output shaft through a cam fastening pin.
9. The asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism as recited in claim 1, wherein in the right soil-holding device, the soil-holding plate opening cam is mounted on the right soil-holding telescopic shaft through a cam fastening pin.
10. The asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein a brush for preventing the rape pot seedlings from falling is arranged below the rear guide plate.
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| CN201711335460.XA CN107926236B (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2017-12-14 | Asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism |
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| CN201711335460.XA CN107926236B (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2017-12-14 | Asynchronous parallel double-row high-speed rape pot seedling transplanting mechanism |
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| CN107926236B true CN107926236B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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| CN109168495B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-03-26 | 湖南农业大学 | Falling body accelerating type rape pot seedling transplanting device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08130932A (en) * | 1994-11-08 | 1996-05-28 | Yanmar Agricult Equip Co Ltd | Seedling transplanter |
| CN103609238A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-05 | 湖南农业大学 | Transplanting mechanism capable of implementing continuous perpendicular planting |
| JP2015519894A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2015-07-16 | 莱恩農業装備有限公司 | Three-dimensional reinforcement planting mechanism of wide narrow strip |
| CN105474846A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-04-13 | 浙江理工大学 | Seedling-supporting seedling planting device for dry land vegetable transplanter |
-
2017
- 2017-12-14 CN CN201711335460.XA patent/CN107926236B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08130932A (en) * | 1994-11-08 | 1996-05-28 | Yanmar Agricult Equip Co Ltd | Seedling transplanter |
| JP2015519894A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2015-07-16 | 莱恩農業装備有限公司 | Three-dimensional reinforcement planting mechanism of wide narrow strip |
| CN103609238A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-05 | 湖南农业大学 | Transplanting mechanism capable of implementing continuous perpendicular planting |
| CN105474846A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-04-13 | 浙江理工大学 | Seedling-supporting seedling planting device for dry land vegetable transplanter |
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