CN107923841A - 浓度测定装置 - Google Patents

浓度测定装置 Download PDF

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CN107923841A
CN107923841A CN201680025238.7A CN201680025238A CN107923841A CN 107923841 A CN107923841 A CN 107923841A CN 201680025238 A CN201680025238 A CN 201680025238A CN 107923841 A CN107923841 A CN 107923841A
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light
measurement apparatus
reflected light
concentration measurement
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出口祥启
永濑正明
山路道雄
池田信
池田信一
西野功二
河岛将慈
田中辉
田中一辉
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Fujikin Inc
University of Tokushima NUC
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University of Tokushima NUC
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Abstract

一种浓度测定装置,所述浓度测定装置用于通过检测通过光入射窗和光出射窗被对向配置的测定单元的透过光而测定所述测定单元内的被测定流体的浓度,且所述浓度测定装置包括检测所述光入射窗的反射光的反射光检测器。

Description

浓度测定装置
技术领域
本发明涉及基于吸光光度法的原理用于测定气体浓度的浓度测定装置。
背景技术
迄今,这种浓度测定装置中,从光源向被供给被测定流体的测定单元的光入射窗入射规定波长的光,通过利用受光元件对通过了测定单元内的透过光进行受光,从而测定吸光度,由吸光度求出浓度。
但是,这种浓度测定装置中,因来源于流向光入射窗的被测定流体的附着物或光源的劣化等,会产生测定误差。
因此,例如(专利文献1等)提供了向光学系统供给吹扫气体,同时能相对于吹扫气体生成活性氧、在附着到光学系统之前分解以有机物为主要成分的污垢或在污垢附着之后也能分解除去的气体浓度测定装置。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利特开2013-117418号公报
发明内容
但是,供给吹扫气体的设备成本高,加上产生活性氧的设备进一步招致成本高。并且,在堆积物附着之前吹扫气体持续流动在成本方面也是不优选的。进一步地,因有即使使用吹扫气体和活性氧也不能除去的堆积物等的情况,在光入射窗附着了堆积物的情况下,更换光入射窗或测定单元的方法效率良好。并且,上述现有技术中,不能应对因光源的劣化导致的测定误差。
因此,本发明以提供能检测光入射窗附着了堆积物的浓度测定装置、同时提供即使不流过吹扫气体也能精度良好地测定浓度的浓度测定装置为主要目的。
为了达成上述目的,本发明的第一方式为通过检测在光入射窗和光出射窗被对向配置的测定单元通过的透过光,用于测定所述测定单元内的被测定流体的浓度的浓度测定装置,该浓度测定装置包括检测所述光入射窗的反射光的反射光检测器。
本发明的第二方式中,在所述第一方式,进一步包括通知通过所述反射光检测器检测出的所述反射光的检测信号脱离了规定范围的通知部。
本发明的第三方式中,在所述第一方式,进一步包括利用基于所述反射光检测器的所述反射光的检测信号对所述透过光的检测信号进行校正的运算部。
本发明的第四方式中,在所述第一方式,进一步包括从光源对被入射到所述光入射窗的光进行导光的入射用光纤维,所述反射光检测器包括对所述反射光进行受光且导光的反射测定用光纤维。
本发明的第五方式中,在所述第四方式,所述入射用光纤维的所述光入射窗的一侧的端部和所述反射测定用光纤维的受光一侧端部邻接配设。
本发明的第六方式中,在所述第一方式,进一步包括各自发射不同波长的光的多个光源以及对所述多个光源发射的不同的多个波长的光进行合波的至少一个合波器,被所述合波器合波的合波光被入射到所述光入射窗。
本发明的第七方式中,在所述第六方式,进一步包括使不同频率的驱动电流流过所述多个光源的各个的振荡回路装置。
本发明的第八方式中,在所述第七方式,进一步包括使用高速傅里叶变换对所述透过光检测器的检测信号进行频率解析的运算部。
本发明的第九方式中,在所述第七方式,进一步包括使用高速傅里叶变换对所述反射光检测器的检测信号进行频率解析的运算部。
本发明的第十方式中,在所述第一方式,入射到所述入射窗的光的光源包括发射紫外光的光源。
本发明的第十一方式中,在所述第九方式,所述运算部由所述反射光检测器的检测信号对每个不同波长的所述反射光的强度变化进行计算。
本发明的第十二方式中,在所述第十一方式,基于各个波长每个所述反射光的强度变化判定光入射窗的表面附着物的种类。
本发明的第十三方式中,在所述第一方式,进一步包括由所述透过光检测器的检测信号和所述反射光检测器的检测信号对所述透过光的强度和所述反射光的强度的比率进行计算的运算部。
本发明的第十四方式中,在所述第十三方式,所述运算部输出所述透过光的强度和所述反射光的强度的比率的变化比例超出规定范围的事实。
发明效果
根据本发明,通过检测光入射窗的所述反射光,通过检测因测定单元内侧的附着物而被反射的所述反射光,能检测所述表面附着物。
并且,通过通知所述反射光的检测信号超出规定范围,能知道维修时期。
进一步地,使用基于所述反射光检测器的所述反射光的检测信号,通过对与所述反射光相伴的所述透过光的减少量进行校正,能对起因于所述表面附着物的测定误差进行弥补。
进一步地,如果对所述透过光的强度和所述反射光的强度的比率进行计算,就能够根据该比率的变化判别测定误差是基于光源的劣化还是基于附着物。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明涉及的浓度测定装置的第一实施方式的部分剖面图。
图2是放大表示图1的浓度测定装置的主要部分的剖面图。
图3是表示不同频率的驱动电流流过波长不同的多个发光元件的各个的情况下生成的光的波形的波形图。
图4是表示具有图3的不同波长的多个波形通过合波器合波后的光的波形的波形图。
图5是表示通过高速傅里叶变换对图4的波形数据进行频率解析后的振幅频谱的频谱图。
符号说明:
1、浓度测定装置
2、入射用光纤维
3、光入射窗
4a、流入口
4b、流出口
4、测定单元
5、光出射窗
6、透过光检测器
7、反射光检测器
7a、反射测定用光纤维
8a、运算部
12~15、光源
20、振荡回路装置
23、通知部
具体实施方式
以下参见图1到图5,对本发明涉及的浓度测定装置的一实施方式进行说明。
浓度测定装置1包括:光入射窗3和光出射窗5被对向配置且具有被测定流体的流入口4a和流出口4b的测定单元4、发射通过光入射窗3且被入射到测定单元4内的入射光L的光源12~15、检测通过了测定单元4的透过光的透过光检测器6、检测来自光入射窗3的测定单元内侧的反射光LR的反射光检测器7和基于透过光检测器6的检测信号对被测定流体的浓度进行计算的运算部8a。
光入射窗3和光出射窗5虽然优选使用即使对紫外光等也具有耐受性,机械、化学稳定的蓝宝石玻璃,但是也能使用其他稳定材料,例如石英玻璃。入射光L通过入射用光纤维2从光源12~15被导光,透过光入射窗3,入射到测定单元4内。
在图示例中,入射光L为将紫外范围的多个波长的光通过WDM(波长分割多重方式)的合波器17、18、19合成后的光。作为光源12~15,在图示例中使用了LED。不同频率的驱动电流通过振荡回路装置20流过各个光源12~15。由于透过光检测器6和反射光检测器7不能检测波长的差异,所以通过使不同频率的驱动电流流过光源12~15的各个,从透过光检测器6和反射光检测器7检测出的信号就能区别不同波长的LED12~15。
在图示例中,光源12的光的波长为365nm、光源13的光的波长为310nm、光源14的光的波长为280nm、光源15的光的波长为255nm,光源12的驱动电流的频率为216Hz,光源13的驱动电流的频率为192Hz,光源14的驱动电流的频率为168Hz,光源15的驱动电流的频率为144Hz。图3显示了光源12~15的各波形。
合波器17将光源12的光和光源13的光进行合波得到合波光A、合波器18将光源14的光合波到合波光A中得到合波光B、合波器19将光源15的光合波到合波光B中得到合波光C。因此,合波C中包含4种不同波长。图4表示了通过光电二极管检测出的合波光C的波形。
由合波光C形成的入射光L通过入射用光纤维2被导光,透过光入射窗3,被入射到测定单元4内。作为光源,也能适用LED以外的其他的发光元件,例如LD(激光二极管)。
通过入射用光纤维2被导光的入射光L经由准直透镜21(图2)成为平行光,透过光入射窗3,进入测定单元4内。
反射光检测器7具有对被光入射窗3反射的反射光LR进行受光且导光的反射测定用光纤维7a。反射光检测器7作为受光元件,使用光电二极管、光电晶体管等的光传感器。反射光检测器7被受光后的反射光LR照射后,通过电气配线22向控制运算部8输出和照射量成比例的电压。
如图2所示,入射用光纤维2的光入射窗3的一侧的端部2a和反射测定用光纤维7a的受光侧端部7a1被邻接配设,对反射光LR进行高效而良好地受光。入射用光纤维2在图示例中虽然为一条,但是也可为2条以上。
透过光检测器6作为受光元件使用光电二极管、光电晶体管等的光传感器。透过光检测器6被通过了测定单元4的所述透过光L照射后向控制运算部8输出和所述透过光成比例的电压。
虽然图示例中测定单元4中配设有透过光检测器6的受光元件,但是为了回避从测定单元4内的气体向透过光检测器6传递的热的影响,也能使测定单元4的所述透过光经由连接到测定单元4的光出射窗5的外侧的准直仪和光纤维(图中未示出)被在从测定单元4远离的位置加以配置的透过光检测器6的受光元件受光。
控制运算部8的运算部8a中,基于吸光光度法,从通过透过光检测器6检测出的所述透过光的检测信号对被测定流体的浓度进行计算。控制运算部8在液晶面板等的显示部9上显示算出的浓度。
透过光检测器6检测多个频率被合波的入射光L通过测定单元4后的透过光。被透过光检测器6检测出的所述透过光的检测信号进行A/D变换作为数字信号被传送到运算部8a,运算部8a通过高速傅里叶变换对频率进行解析,被变换为各频率成分的振幅频谱。图5为表示通过高速傅里叶变换进行频率解析后的振幅频谱的频谱图。图5中,横轴的频率表示驱动电流的频率,纵轴的振幅表示强度。图5以没有流动具有吸光特性的被测定流体的状态或流动有无光的吸收的氮气的状态显示了无光的吸收的状态(以下称为“无吸收状态”)。作为被测定流体的有机金属材料流过测定单元4时,图5的频谱图中有吸收的波长的频率的振幅会减小。
由有吸收的波长的振幅频谱的振幅的变化,基于朗伯比尔定律,通过计算吸光度Aλ的下述式子(1),能算出吸光度Aλ
Aλ=log10(I0/I)=αLC….(1)
其中,I0为入射到测定单元的入射光的强度,I为通过测定单元的透过光的强度、α为摩尔吸光系数(m2/mol)、L为测定单元的光程长度(m)、C为浓度(mol/m3)。摩尔吸光系数α为根据物质而决定的系数。
即,将上式(1)的(I0/I)看做是图5所示的振幅频谱的无吸收状态的振幅的峰值(P0)和振幅频谱的浓度测定时的振幅的峰值(P)的变化(P0/P),能计算出吸光度Aλ。如果求出吸光度Aλ,从上式(1)就能求出被测定流体的浓度C。
振幅频谱的所述无吸收状态的振幅的峰值(P0)能针对每一个驱动电流的频率预存于控制运算部8内的存储器等。
合波后的光的反射光LR的基于反射光检测器7的检测信号也进行A/D变换作为数字信号被传送到运算部8a,运算部8a利用高速傅里叶变换进行频率解析,被变换为各频率成分的振幅频谱。如果光入射窗3中来源于被测定流体的堆积物的附着量增加,振幅频谱的振幅就会变化。振幅频谱的振幅的峰值的初期值(S0)针对每一个频率都记录于控制运算部8内的存储器等,用于后述的浓度校正。
通过反射光检测器7检测出的反射光LR的检测信号超出规定范围的情况下,具有告知此事的通知部23。所述规定范围能预先通过实验确定,例如反射光检测器7的输出电压超出规定范围的情况时通知部23进行通知。通知部23能做成发出警报的警报发生器。或者,通知部23也能做成显示警告的显示器。
基于反射光检测器7的反射光LR的检测信号的值变化时,透过光检测器6的检测信号的值会减小,产生测定误差。因此,运算部8a使用基于反射光检测器7的反射光LR的检测信号,进行将校正添加到透过光检测器6的检测信号的计算处理,能对与反射光LR相伴的所述透过光的减少量进行校正。
作为校正方法,例如,基于预先通过实验等求出反射光LR的振幅频谱的浓度测定时的峰值(S)和上述初期值(S0)的变化率(S/S0)与所述透过光的振幅频谱的初期值和浓度测定值的峰值的变化率(P/P0)的关系,使用所述关系和变化率(S/S0),能对变化率(P/P0)进行校正。通过使用校正后的(P/P0)得到利用上式(1)校正后的浓度。
本实施方式中,能对4种波长各自进行校正。由于吸收频谱因气体的种类而不同,所以通过将有吸光的波长和未吸光的波长组合,就能够进行更高精度的浓度测定。根据测定气体的种类,不对全部波长各自进行校正,能仅对多个波长中必要的波长,例如仅对4种波长中2种波长进行校正。
并且,由于存在构成设备的温度依耐性和被测定流体的温度变动,所以在适当地点设置温度检测器,能通过测量出的温度对输出值(浓度测定值)进行修正。
具有上述结构的浓度测定装置由于能检测因光入射窗3的测定单元内侧的表面附着物而被反射的反射光LR,所以能检测出起因于表面附着物的光入射窗3的所述透过光的减少。
并且,通过用基于警报或液晶显示等的警告等通知基于反射光检测器7的反射光LR的检测信号超过规定范围,能告知光入射窗3的更换等的维修时期。
进一步地,即使透过光检测器6的检测信号的值因光入射窗3的附着物而减小,也能基于通过反射光检测器7得到的反射光LR的检测值,通过对与反射光LR相伴的所述透过光的减少量进行校正而对起因于光入射窗3的表面附着物的测定误差进行校正。
光入射窗3上的表面附着物,依其种类而特性发生变化,例如有通过对测定单元4进行加热而能分解除去的物质或完全固接后而必须更换光入射窗3的物质等。由于所述表面附着物依其种类而特性不同,所以随种类不同吸收的光的波长依赖性也不同。依存于所述表面附着物的种类的波长依赖性能预先通过实验进行数据库化。针对多个不同的波长的每一个,通过对反射光LR的强度变化进行监测,能判定所述表面附着物的种类。如果能对所述表面附着物的种类进行判定,就能够对应于该种类而使得“测定单元的加热”或“光入射窗的更换”等的显示在显示部9上加以显示。如上所述被反射光检测器7检测出的检测信号被变换为如图5所示的振幅频谱,能将各个频率中的振幅的变化看做是各自不同波长的所述反射光的强度变化。
并且,另外的一个实施方式中,运算部8a从透过光检测器6的检测信号和反射光检测器7的检测信号计算出通过了测定单元4的所述透过光的强度(I1)和光入射窗3的反射光LR的强度(I2)的比率(I1/I2)。
通过监测比率(I1/I2),能判定光入射窗3上的表面附着物的有无。例如,反射光LR的强度降低的情况下,会出现起因于光入射窗3上的表面附着物的情况和光源12~15经时劣化的情况。产生光源的经时劣化的情况下,认为所述透过光的强度和所述反射光的强度的比率未发生变化。但是,光入射窗3上的表面附着物产生的情况下,认为所述透过光的强度和所述反射光的强度的比率发生了变化。因此,通过发现比率(I1/I2)的变化而与光源的劣化加以区别,从而能判定表面附着物的有无。
运算部8a监测所述透过光的强度和所述反射光的强度的比率,判定比率(I1/I2)的变化比例是否在规定范围内,超出所述规定范围时能输出错误信号。错误信号能在显示部9上显示。错误信号能成为提醒更换光入射窗3的信号。
本发明并不被限定解释为上述实施方式,在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内可以有各种变型。例如,使用于测定的光也能使用紫外范围以外的波长范围的光。另外,虽然上述实施方式在光源中使用多个不同频率的合波光,但是也能使用单一波长的光源。另外,反射光检测器7可在光入射窗3的附近设置光电二极管而省略光纤维。

Claims (14)

1.一种浓度测定装置,其特征在于,具有光入射窗和光出射窗被对向配置的测定单元,所述浓度测定装置用于对通过测定单元的透过光加以检测而测定所述测定单元内的被测定流体的浓度,所述浓度测定装置包括对所述光入射窗的反射光加以检测的反射光检测器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,还包括通知部,所述通知部告知由所述反射光检测器检测出的所述反射光的检测信号超出规定的范围。
3.根据权利要求1所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,还包括运算部,所述运算部使用基于所述反射光检测器的所述反射光的检测信号对所述透过光的检测信号进行校正。
4.根据权利要求1所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,还包括入射用光纤维,所述入射用光纤维用于从光源对被入射到所述光入射窗的光进行导光,
所述反射光检测器包括对所述反射光进行受光且导光的反射测定用光纤维。
5.根据权利要求4所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,所述入射用光纤维的所述光入射窗侧的端部和所述反射测定用光纤维的受光侧端部邻接配设。
6.根据权利要求1所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,还包括各自发射不同波长的光的多个光源、和对所述多个光源发射的不同的多个波长的光进行合波的至少一个合波器,由所述合波器合波后的合波光被入射到所述光入射窗。
7.根据权利要求6所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,还包括振荡回路装置,所述振荡回路装置使不同频率的驱动电流流过所述多个光源的各个。
8.根据权利要求7所述的浓度测定装置,其特在在于,还包括运算部,所述运算部使用高速傅里叶变换对所述透过光检测器的检测信号进行频率解析。
9.根据权利要求7所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,还包括运算部,所述运算部使用高速傅里叶变换对所述反射光检测器的检测信号进行频率解析。
10.根据权利要求1所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,入射到所述入射窗的光的光源包括发射紫外光的光源。
11.根据权利要求9所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,所述运算部基于所述反射光检测器的检测信号对每个不同波长的所述反射光的强度变化进行计算。
12.根据权利要求11所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,所述运算部基于各个波长各自的所述反射光的强度变化判定所述光入射窗的表面附着物的种类。
13.根据权利要求1所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,还包括运算部,所述运算部基于所述透过光检测器的检测信号和所述反射光检测器的检测信号对所述透过光的强度和所述反射光的强度的比率进行计算。
14.根据权利要求13所述的浓度测定装置,其特征在于,所述运算部输出所述透过光的强度和所述反射光的强度的所述比率的变化比例超出规定范围的事实。
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